CN104201643A - Mains supply voltage protection circuit - Google Patents
Mains supply voltage protection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN104201643A CN104201643A CN201410385492.0A CN201410385492A CN104201643A CN 104201643 A CN104201643 A CN 104201643A CN 201410385492 A CN201410385492 A CN 201410385492A CN 104201643 A CN104201643 A CN 104201643A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mains supply voltage protection circuit. The circuit comprises a power supply circuit, a voltage comparison circuit, a voltage sampling circuit and a voltage selection control circuit, wherein the input end of the power supply circuit is connected with a mains supply, and used for outputting a direct-current voltage after mains supply conversion to the voltage comparison circuit and the voltage sampling circuit respectively; when the input direct-current voltage is greater than a reference voltage, the voltage comparison circuit outputs a first control signal to the voltage selection control circuit; when the input direct-current voltage exceeds the interior set range of the circuit, the voltage sampling circuit outputs a second control signal to the voltage selection control circuit; the voltage selection control circuit cuts off a closed circuit between the mains supply and a load system while receiving any of the first control signal and the second control signal. The invention discloses a feasible voltage protection circuit aiming at the case that the present household electric protection circuits are mostly protected by currents, which is capable of rapidly and effectively realizing protection on the voltage of the mains supply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to circuit design field, relate in particular to a kind of line voltage protective circuit.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the development of electronic science and technology, electric equipment is universal on a large scale, has brought revolutionary variation to the fields such as daily life, industrial and agricultural production, national defence, science and technology, has promoted social progress, also makes people's quality of life significantly improve.
When Electrification Age offers convenience to people, the variation with consumer electronics that increases along with the user of access electrical network, has caused the unstable of line voltage, and voltage fluctuated has become to damage the principal element of electric equipment.How when change in voltage is larger, to protect the power consumption equipment that is connected into civil power, become people's direction of research now.
Common protective circuit comprises circuit overcurrent protection and voltage protection circuit at present.Circuit overcurrent protection is to utilize fuse, fusing resistor, thermistor etc. to avoid power consumption equipment to damage because electric current is excessive by carrying out overcurrent protection in the pressurizer switch at power consumption equipment, is applicable to small-power power consumption equipment; And at present common voltage protection circuit often can only be protected for overvoltage or under-voltage the two one of them situation, its stability and validity can not guarantee simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, the invention provides a kind of line voltage protective circuit, to address the above problem or to address the above problem at least in part.
The invention provides a kind of line voltage protective circuit, comprising: power circuit, voltage comparator circuit, voltage sampling circuit and voltage are selected control circuit;
The input of described power circuit is connected with the civil power of input load system, and civil power is converted to after direct current, and direct voltage is exported to respectively to described voltage comparator circuit and described voltage sampling circuit;
Described voltage comparator circuit is compared the direct voltage of input with reference voltage, when the direct voltage of input is greater than reference voltage, described voltage comparator circuit selects control circuit to export the first control signal to described voltage;
Described voltage sampling circuit is sampled relatively to the direct voltage of input, when the direct voltage of input is greater than the maximum of described voltage sampling circuit inner setting, or, when the direct voltage of input is less than the minimum value of described voltage sampling circuit inner setting, described voltage sampling circuit selects control circuit to export the second control signal to described voltage;
Described voltage cuts off the path of civil power and load system while selecting any in receiving described the first control signal and described the second control signal of control circuit.
Alternatively, described power circuit is first converted to low-voltage AC by civil power before civil power is converted to direct current, then low-voltage AC is converted to direct current.
Alternatively, described power circuit comprises: transformation coil, rectification circuit and filter circuit;
The input of described transformation coil is connected with civil power, and the output of described transformation coil is connected with the input of described rectification circuit;
The output of described rectification circuit is connected with the input of described filter circuit;
The output of described filter circuit is connected with the input of the input of described voltage comparator circuit and described voltage sampling circuit.
Alternatively, described rectification circuit is half-wave rectifying circuit; Or described rectification circuit is bridge rectifier.
Alternatively, described filter circuit is capacitor filter; Or described filter circuit is inductor filter circuit.
Alternatively, described voltage comparator circuit comprises: the first variable resistor, voltage-reference and voltage comparator;
A described first variable-resistance stiff end is connected with the output head anode of described power circuit, described first variable-resistance another stiff end ground connection, and described the first variable-resistance sliding end is connected with the normal phase input end of described voltage comparator;
The output of described voltage-reference is connected with the inverting input of described voltage comparator, the low pressure input end grounding of described voltage-reference;
The output of described voltage comparator selects the input of control circuit to be connected with described voltage.
Alternatively, described voltage sampling circuit comprises: the second adjustable resistance and micro-control unit MCU;
One stiff end of described the second adjustable resistance is connected with the output head anode of described power circuit, another stiff end ground connection of described the second adjustable resistance, and the sliding end of described the second adjustable resistance is connected with the sampled signal input of described micro-control unit MCU;
The power input of described micro-control unit MCU is connected with the output head anode of described power circuit, and the output of described micro-control unit MCU selects the input of control circuit to be connected with described voltage.
Alternatively, described voltage sampling circuit further comprises:
In path between the power input of described micro-control unit MCU and the output head anode of described power circuit, be connected into pressurizer;
The input of described pressurizer is connected with a stiff end of the output head anode of described power circuit and described the second adjustable resistance, and the output of described pressurizer is connected with the power input of described micro-control unit MCU.
Alternatively, described voltage selects control circuit to comprise: OR circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor and relay;
The input of described OR circuit is connected with the output of the output of described voltage comparator and described micro-control unit MCU, and the output of described OR circuit is connected with the grid of described metal-oxide-semiconductor;
The drain electrode of described metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected with one end of described relay, the source ground of described metal-oxide-semiconductor;
The other end of described relay is connected with the output head anode of described power circuit.
Alternatively, described voltage selects control circuit further to comprise: the 3rd resistance;
The grid of described the 3rd one end of resistance and the output of described OR circuit and described metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected, and described the 3rd other end of resistance and the source electrode of described metal-oxide-semiconductor are connected, the two common ground.
In sum; compared with prior art; line voltage protective circuit provided by the invention utilizes voltage comparator circuit and voltage sampling circuit to carry out duplicate protection; efficiency, validity and the stability of voltage protection can have been improved on the one hand, protection when can realize on the other hand line voltage overvoltage and under-voltage two kinds of situations.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of line voltage protective circuit in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of the power circuit in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the electrical block diagram of the voltage comparator circuit in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the electrical block diagram of the voltage sampling circuit in another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the electrical block diagram that the voltage in another embodiment of the present invention is selected control circuit.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiment of the present invention is described further in detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of line voltage protective circuit in one embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 1, this line voltage protective circuit comprises: power circuit, voltage comparator circuit, voltage sampling circuit and voltage are selected control circuit.
Civil power is our said industrial-frequency alternating current AC, and the input of power circuit is connected with the civil power of input load system, and civil power is converted to after direct current DC, and direct voltage is exported to respectively to voltage comparator circuit and voltage sampling circuit; Voltage comparator circuit is compared the direct voltage of input with reference voltage, when the direct voltage of input is greater than reference voltage, voltage comparator circuit selects control circuit to export the first control signal to voltage; Voltage sampling circuit is sampled relatively to the direct voltage of input, when the direct voltage of input is greater than the maximum of voltage sampling circuit inner setting, or, when the direct voltage of input is less than the minimum value of voltage sampling circuit inner setting, voltage sampling circuit selects control circuit to export the second control signal to described voltage; Voltage cuts off the path of civil power and load system while selecting any in receiving the first control signal and the second control signal of control circuit.
From the above; technical scheme provided by the invention utilizes voltage comparator circuit and voltage sampling circuit to carry out duplicate protection; efficiency, validity and the stability of voltage protection can have been improved on the one hand, protection when can realize on the other hand line voltage overvoltage and under-voltage two kinds of situations.
Fig. 2 is the electrical block diagram of the power circuit in another embodiment of the present invention.Power circuit comprises: transformation coil T, rectification circuit and filter circuit.
The input of transformation coil T is connected with civil power AC, and the output of transformation coil T is connected with the input of rectification circuit; The output of rectification circuit is connected with the input of filter circuit; The output of filter circuit is connected with the input of the input of voltage comparator circuit and voltage sampling circuit.
Power circuit first utilizes transformation coil T that civil power AC is converted to low-voltage AC, then utilizes rectification circuit and filter circuit that low-voltage AC is converted to direct current DC, and the variation of civil power AC voltage can directly have influence on the variation of direct current DC voltage.
As shown in Figure 2, in the present embodiment, rectification circuit is half-wave rectifying circuit, comprising: diode D; Filter circuit is capacitor filter, comprising: the first capacitor C 1, the second capacitor C 2 and the 3rd capacitor C 3.
The positive pole of diode D is connected with the output head anode of transformation coil T, and the negative pole of diode D is connected with the positive pole of the first capacitor C 1, the positive pole anodal and the 3rd capacitor C 3 of the second capacitor C 2; The negative pole of the negative pole of the negative pole of the first capacitor C 1, the second capacitor C 2 and the 3rd capacitor C 3 is all connected with the negative pole of output end of transformation coil T, i.e. common ground.
Fig. 3 is the electrical block diagram of the voltage comparator circuit in another embodiment of the present invention.Voltage comparator circuit comprises: the first variable resistor, voltage-reference REF and voltage comparator U.As shown in Figure 3, in the present embodiment, utilize fixed resistance R1 and variable resistor R2 to replace the first variable resistor.
One end of fixed resistance R1 is connected with the output DC positive pole of power circuit, and the other end of fixed resistance R1 is connected with a stiff end of variable resistor R2; Another stiff end ground connection of variable resistor R2, the sliding end of variable resistor R2 is connected with the normal phase input end of voltage comparator U; The output of voltage-reference REF is connected with the inverting input of described voltage comparator U, the low pressure input end grounding of described voltage-reference REF; The output of voltage comparator U selects the input of control circuit to be connected with described voltage.
Wherein, the first variable resistor (fixed resistance R1 and variable resistor R2) carries out dividing potential drop for the output voltage DC to power circuit, by regulating the first variable resistor (fixed resistance R1 and variable resistor R2) can regulate the upper limit of the output voltage DC of power circuit, because the output voltage DC of power circuit can directly be subject to the impact of the variation of line voltage AC, and then by regulating the first variable resistor (fixed resistance R1 and variable resistor R2) can regulate the upper limit of line voltage AC Protection; Voltage-reference REF is for generation of reference voltage; Voltage comparator U is for relatively dividing potential drop and the reference voltage of the output voltage DC of power circuit, and when the dividing potential drop of the output voltage DC of power circuit is greater than reference voltage, the output signal OUT1 of voltage comparator U is high level, exports the first control signal; When the dividing potential drop of the output voltage DC of power circuit is less than reference voltage, the output signal OUT1 of voltage comparator U is low level, does not export the first control signal.
From the above, voltage comparator circuit adopts the combination of voltage comparator U and other elements can realize for overtension situation and can respond fast.
Fig. 4 is the electrical block diagram of the voltage sampling circuit in another embodiment of the present invention.Voltage sampling circuit comprises: the second adjustable resistance and micro-control unit MCU.As shown in Figure 4, in the present embodiment, utilize fixed resistance R3 and fixed resistance R4 to replace the second adjustable resistance; And be connected into pressurizer LDO in the path between the power input of micro-control unit MCU and the output DC positive pole of power circuit.
One end of fixed resistance R3 is connected with the input of the output head anode of power circuit and pressurizer LDO, and the other end of fixed resistance R3 is connected with one end of fixed resistance R4 and the input of micro-control unit MCU; The other end ground connection of fixed resistance R4; The output of pressurizer LDO is connected with the power end of micro-control unit MCU; The output of micro-control unit MCU selects the input of control circuit to be connected with voltage.
Wherein, the second adjustable resistance (fixed resistance R3 and fixed resistance R4) carries out dividing potential drop for the output voltage DC to power circuit; Pressurizer LDO is used to micro-control unit MCU that stable working power is provided; Micro-control unit MCU is for sampling to the dividing potential drop of the output voltage DC of power circuit relatively, when sampled result is greater than the maximum of micro-control unit MCU inner setting, or, when sampled result is less than the minimum value of micro-control unit MCU inner setting, the output signal OUT2 of micro-control unit MCU is high level, exports the second control signal; When sampled result is within the scope of micro-control unit MCU inner setting, the output signal OUT2 of micro-control unit MCU is low level, does not export the second control signal.
Alternatively, on micro-control unit MCU, add UI interface, can carry out artificial setting in real time to voltage protection bound.
From the above, voltage sampling circuit is the too high and two kinds of situations of brownout of monitoring voltage simultaneously, and voltage sampling circuit can improve by the algorithm in micro-control unit MCU the stability of circuit.
Fig. 5 is the electrical block diagram that the voltage in another embodiment of the present invention is selected control circuit.As shown in Figure 5, in the present embodiment, voltage selects control circuit to comprise: OR circuit M, the 5th resistance R 5, metal-oxide-semiconductor and relay R ELAY;
The input of OR circuit M is connected with the output of voltage comparator U and the output of micro-control unit MCU, and the output of OR circuit M is connected with the 5th one end of resistance R 5 and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor; The 5th other end of resistance R 5 and the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor are connected, the two common ground; The drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected with one end of relay R ELAY; The other end of relay R ELAY is connected with the output DC positive pole of described power circuit.
While having at least one to be high level in the output signal OUT1 of voltage comparator U and the output signal OUT2 of micro-control unit MCU, while having at least one to produce in the first control signal and the second control signal, the output signal of OR circuit M is high level, cause source electrode and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor to be connected, the power connection of relay R ELAY, control telegraph key K and disconnect, and then cut off the path of civil power and load system; When the output signal OUT2 of the output signal OUT1 as voltage comparator U and micro-control unit MCU is all low level, while not producing the first control signal and the second control signal, the output signal of OR circuit M is low level, cause source electrode and the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor to disconnect, the power supply of relay R ELAY disconnects, telegraph key K keeps connecting, and the path of civil power and load system is work as usual.
In sum; line voltage protective circuit configuration provided by the invention rationally; be convenient to debugging; utilize voltage comparator circuit and voltage sampling circuit to carry out duplicate protection; efficiency, validity and the stability of voltage protection can have been improved on the one hand, protection when can realize on the other hand line voltage overvoltage and under-voltage two kinds of situations.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.All any modifications of doing within the spirit and principles in the present invention, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., be all included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a line voltage protective circuit, is characterized in that, comprising: power circuit, voltage comparator circuit, voltage sampling circuit and voltage are selected control circuit;
The input of described power circuit is connected with the civil power of input load system, and civil power is converted to after direct current, and direct voltage is exported to respectively to described voltage comparator circuit and described voltage sampling circuit;
Described voltage comparator circuit is compared the direct voltage of input with reference voltage, when the direct voltage of input is greater than reference voltage, described voltage comparator circuit selects control circuit to export the first control signal to described voltage;
Described voltage sampling circuit is sampled relatively to the direct voltage of input, when the direct voltage of input is greater than the maximum of described voltage sampling circuit inner setting, or, when the direct voltage of input is less than the minimum value of described voltage sampling circuit inner setting, described voltage sampling circuit selects control circuit to export the second control signal to described voltage;
Described voltage cuts off the path of civil power and load system while selecting any in receiving described the first control signal and described the second control signal of control circuit.
2. line voltage protective circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described power circuit is first converted to low-voltage AC by civil power before civil power is converted to direct current, then low-voltage AC is converted to direct current.
3. line voltage protective circuit as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described power circuit comprises: transformation coil, rectification circuit and filter circuit;
The input of described transformation coil is connected with civil power, and the output of described transformation coil is connected with the input of described rectification circuit;
The output of described rectification circuit is connected with the input of described filter circuit;
The output of described filter circuit is connected with the input of the input of described voltage comparator circuit and described voltage sampling circuit.
4. line voltage protective circuit as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described rectification circuit is half-wave rectifying circuit;
Or,
Described rectification circuit is bridge rectifier.
5. line voltage protective circuit as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that,
Described filter circuit is capacitor filter;
Or,
Described filter circuit is inductor filter circuit.
6. line voltage protective circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described voltage comparator circuit comprises: the first variable resistor, voltage-reference and voltage comparator;
A described first variable-resistance stiff end is connected with the output head anode of described power circuit, described first variable-resistance another stiff end ground connection, and described the first variable-resistance sliding end is connected with the normal phase input end of described voltage comparator;
The output of described voltage-reference is connected with the inverting input of described voltage comparator, the low pressure input end grounding of described voltage-reference;
The output of described voltage comparator selects the input of control circuit to be connected with described voltage.
7. line voltage protective circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described voltage sampling circuit comprises: the second adjustable resistance and micro-control unit MCU;
One stiff end of described the second adjustable resistance is connected with the output head anode of described power circuit, another stiff end ground connection of described the second adjustable resistance, and the sliding end of described the second adjustable resistance is connected with the sampled signal input of described micro-control unit MCU;
The power input of described micro-control unit MCU is connected with the output head anode of described power circuit, and the output of described micro-control unit MCU selects the input of control circuit to be connected with described voltage.
8. line voltage protective circuit as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that, described voltage sampling circuit further comprises:
In path between the power input of described micro-control unit MCU and the output head anode of described power circuit, be connected into pressurizer;
The input of described pressurizer is connected with a stiff end of the output head anode of described power circuit and described the second adjustable resistance, and the output of described pressurizer is connected with the power input of described micro-control unit MCU.
9. line voltage protective circuit as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described voltage selects control circuit to comprise: OR circuit, metal-oxide-semiconductor and relay;
The input of described OR circuit is connected with the output of the output of described voltage comparator and described micro-control unit MCU, and the output of described OR circuit is connected with the grid of described metal-oxide-semiconductor;
The drain electrode of described metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected with one end of described relay, the source ground of described metal-oxide-semiconductor;
The other end of described relay is connected with the output head anode of described power circuit.
10. line voltage protective circuit as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described voltage selects control circuit further to comprise: the 3rd resistance;
The grid of described the 3rd one end of resistance and the output of described OR circuit and described metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected, and described the 3rd other end of resistance and the source electrode of described metal-oxide-semiconductor are connected, the two common ground.
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CN201410385492.0A CN104201643A (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2014-08-06 | Mains supply voltage protection circuit |
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CN201410385492.0A CN104201643A (en) | 2014-08-06 | 2014-08-06 | Mains supply voltage protection circuit |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107329517A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-11-07 | 深圳市通则技术股份有限公司 | A kind of adjustable and not reducible Self-disconnecting circuit and its method |
CN112468125A (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-03-09 | 贵州振华群英电器有限公司(国营第八九一厂) | Solid relay power-off protection power supply |
CN114113895A (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2022-03-01 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Distribution network fault detection device and system |
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CN114113895A (en) * | 2021-11-27 | 2022-03-01 | 广东电网有限责任公司广州供电局 | Distribution network fault detection device and system |
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