CN104195503A - A horizontal high-pressure gas quenching-tempering-nitridation vacuum multipurpose furnace - Google Patents
A horizontal high-pressure gas quenching-tempering-nitridation vacuum multipurpose furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN104195503A CN104195503A CN201410223175.9A CN201410223175A CN104195503A CN 104195503 A CN104195503 A CN 104195503A CN 201410223175 A CN201410223175 A CN 201410223175A CN 104195503 A CN104195503 A CN 104195503A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal high-pressure gas quenching-tempering-nitridation vacuum multipurpose furnace and relates to the field of metal vacuum thermal treatment. The furnace comprises a vacuum furnace main body, a heating chamber, a wind cooling system, a vacuum unit, a gas supplying system and an electric control system. The heating chamber comprises heating elements, a cylinder, a front cover and a back cover. The front cover and the back cover are provided with wind guiding holes. An air cylinder drives movable doors to open and close the wind guiding holes so as to guarantee circular flowing of cooling gas during tempering and gas quenching and to guarantee a closed structure of the heating chamber during nitridation. The furnace overcomes the disadvantages caused by adoption of metal nitridation tanks adopted by nitridation furnaces at present, namely slow heating and cooling speeds, low atmosphere pressure, and the like. The furnace is provided with using conditions for high-pressure high-flow-rate quenching and tempering, is simple in structure and practical, and truly achieves the using requirements on vacuum multipurpose furnaces.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to vacuum oven field, be specifically related to a kind of horizontal high-pressure air quenching backfire nitrogenize vacuum oven.
Background technology
The external-heat gas nitriding furnace of current domestic use, have the following disadvantages: (1) heat energy consumption is large: the part that needs nitriding is placed on to the nitriding tank that high temperature steel is manufactured, in pit furnace, heat, gently one, 200 kilogram, nitriding tank, heavy five, 600 kilograms, or heavier, heat energy consumption is very large.(2) cooling is slow: owing to being indirect heating, nitriding part heats up slow, lowers the temperature also slow.For increasing cooling rate, have retort is proposed is air-cooled, and what have increases air cooling system on body of heater, but still cooling is very slow.(3) nitriding atmosphere pressure is low: in tank, nitriding atmosphere pressure is low, conventionally only has tens millimeters of oils column, and atmosphere pressures is not high, has greatly affected nitriding speed and quality.(4) air intake structure is unreasonable: most of stoves insert a ventpipe at the bottom of tank by nitriding tank top, by ammonia from tank underflow in tank, from air outlet, discharge.As everyone knows, under nitriding temperature, steel pipe promotes the decomposition of ammonia, and fresh ammonia flows to while giving vent to anger the mouth of pipe from the air inlet mouth of pipe, and part ammonia has been decomposed into the not activated nitrogen of tool and hydrogen.And nitriding process is the activated nitrogen atom that fresh ammonia goes out at ferrous metal Surface disintegration, and immediately in surface adsorption and infiltration.Therefore, this ventilation device is undesirable.(5) be unfavorable for diffusion: for eliminating the fragility phase layer (bright layer) on nitrided case surface, adopt the diffusion technique under high de-agglomeration rate condition, yet, under nitriding temperature, being difficult to accomplish does not have activated nitrogen atom in atmosphere, therefore, is unfavorable for the carrying out of diffusion process.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of existing external-heat gas nitriding furnace, the invention provides a kind of horizontal high-pressure air quenching backfire nitrogenize multi-purpose vacuum stove.
Technical scheme of the present invention is specific as follows:
A kind of horizontal high-pressure air quenching backfire nitrogenize multi-purpose vacuum stove type of furnace, comprise vacuum oven main body, heating chamber, air cooling system, vacuum unit, airing system, electric control system, described heating chamber comprises heating unit (1), cylindrical shell (2), protecgulum (3), bonnet (4), described heating unit (1) forms drum by 18 graphite rods by web plate, the mode of connection is trilateral, cylindrical shell (2) thermoscreen comprises compound hard felt, graphite soft felt, ceramic fiber blanket and stainless steel backplate, protecgulum (3) and bonnet (4) consist of thermofin, middle part at protecgulum (3) and bonnet (4) is provided with air guide hole.Adopt the structure of vacuum furnace, direct heating part, energy-and time-economizing, heating and cooling are fast.
Wherein, cylindrical shell (2) thermoscreen comprises the thick compound hard felt of one deck 40mm, four layers of thick soft felt of 10mm, four layers of 10mm thick fiber felt and the thick backplate of 2mm.
Wherein, described front dodge gate (5) is connected with little door (13) by axle (11) by cylinder, and strut member (12) is installed in front dodge gate (5) below, by strut member, is positioned, and guarantees that switch is accurate flexibly.By the flexible open and close of controlling little door (13) of cylinder, little door (13) carries out nitriding treatment while closing, and carries out high pressure quench and temper during unlatching.
Wherein, described rear dodge gate (6) is connected with little door (14) by axle (18) by cylinder, and strut member (15) is installed in rear dodge gate (6) below, by strut member, is positioned, and guarantees that switch is accurate flexibly.By the flexible open and close of controlling little door (14) of cylinder, little door (14) carries out nitriding treatment while closing, and carries out high pressure quench and temper during unlatching.
Technical scheme of the present invention: described air cooling system comprises scatterer (7), pod (8), impeller (9), water-cooled machine (10), scatterer support plate (16), door (17), described scatterer (7) is fixed by scatterer support plate (16), scatterer support plate (16) is welded on inboard wall of furnace body below, water-cooled machine (10) passes through shaft hole matching with impeller (9), at water-cooled machine (10) axle front end, door (17) is installed fixing, scatterer (7) is bolted with pod (8).The present invention can be as cold as part at approximately 20 minutes below 100 ℃ from nitriding temperature, improve the performance of infiltration layer, reduced the fragility tissue of infiltration layer, avoided producing temper brittleness phenomenon
During described nitrogenize, ammonia is by the air inlet of A place, and after nitrogenize, waste gas is discharged via B place, uses internal heat type vacuum apparatus to realize high pressure (1～5bar) gas nitriding.
Vacuum unit of the present invention comprises ZJ-600 lobe pump, H-150 slide valve pump and is contained in vacuum flapper valve, valve for pressure difference, the flexible connecting member of finding time on pipeline, between each parts of vacuum unit, passes through joint seal of flanges.
Airing system of the present invention comprises that nitrogen airing system and ammonia airing system form.
The temperature programmable control system that electric control system of the present invention is comprised of voltate regulator, silicon controlled rectifier and MPU and the mechanical action programmable control system two portions that are comprised of PLC and each power element form nitrogen airing system and ammonia airing system forms, can realize automatic routine operation, and have manual operation function concurrently.
The present invention has the following advantages: (1) direct heating part, and energy-and time-economizing, heating and cooling are fast; (2) high insulating effect; (3) cooling fast; (4) cold pipe air inlet: ammonia directly enters heating chamber by room temperature, the air inlet of A place, after nitrogenize, waste gas is discharged via B place; (5) dual system is beneficial to diffusion process: can be 4 * 10
-1under Pa vacuum state, heating, purification piece surface; Adopt inflation system, under 0.1～0.5MPa ammonia pressure, carry out nitriding; 4 * 10
-1under Pa vacuum state, carry out DIFFUSION TREATMENT; (6) technology controlling and process is simple: can all automatically carry out by the program of setting, and also can manual operation; (7) multi-use: this stove can be used for nitriding, high pressure gas quenching, tempering, low-temperature annealing etc.; (8) vacuum system has following effect: the one, take out in advance the air in stove, and shorten the time that passes into ammonia, prevent part oxidation; The 2nd, under vacuum state, purify piece surface, remove oxidation film layer, be conducive to absorption and surface reaction; The 3rd, can carry out DIFFUSION TREATMENT, reduce the fragility of high density upper layer, fire-fighting bright layer; (9) high pressure inflation/deflation structure: current domestic gas nitriding furnace pressure is about 200mm water column, and this is mainly restricted by furnace binding.Vacuum high-pressure nitriding furnace adopts water cooled furnace wall, pressing force structure of container design furnace shell, and furnace gas pressure can reach 0.0l～0.6MPa, than the furnace pressure of general gas flow nitriding furnace, has improved 50～500 times.Body of heater be provided with reliably fill, Bleed-Air Control System; (10) pulsation airing form: by certain cycle, furnace atmosphere pressure is fluctuateed within the specific limits, can improve quality layer.By the filling of control valve, exitting reaches this purpose.Pass into the ammonia in stove, by ammonia tank, directly inputted, tank pressure remains on 0.8～1.2MPa, meets the requirement of furnace pressure 0.l～0.5MPa.Only set pressure controlled valve above just open in limited time by the ammonia pressure overpressure valve in stove, once furnace pressure lower than controlling valu, valve is closed immediately.Therefore,, no matter stove is big or small, ammonia consumption is all little.Because quantity discharged is little, thermosteresis is also little.Expellant gas is discharged after passing into water tank (becoming ammoniacal liquor), greatly reduces the pollution to environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of horizontal high-pressure air quenching backfire nitrogenize multi-purpose vacuum stove of the present invention.
In figure: 1, heating unit; 2, cylindrical shell; 3, protecgulum; 4, bonnet; 5, front dodge gate; 6, rear dodge gate; 7, scatterer; 8, pod; 9, impeller; 10, water-cooled machine; 11, axle; 12, strut member; 13, little door; 14, little door; 15, strut member; 16, scatterer support plate; 17, door; 18, axle.
embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention includes vacuum oven main body, heating chamber, air cooling system, vacuum unit, airing system, electric control system, the deficiencies such as the intensification, the cooling rate that adopt nitrogenize jar structure to bring for traditional nitriding furnace are slow, are directly placed on nitrogenize workpiece in heating chamber.
Described heating chamber comprises heating unit (1), cylindrical shell (2), protecgulum (3), bonnet (4), described heating unit (1) forms drum by 18 graphite rods by web plate, the mode of connection is trilateral, cylindrical shell (2) thermoscreen comprises compound hard felt, graphite soft felt, ceramic fiber blanket and stainless steel backplate, protecgulum (3) and bonnet (4) consist of thermofin, in the middle part of protecgulum (3) and bonnet (4), are provided with air guide hole.
Wherein, cylindrical shell (2) thermoscreen comprises the thick compound hard felt of one deck 40mm, four layers of thick soft felt of 10mm, four layers of 10mm thick fiber felt and the thick backplate of 2mm.
Wherein, described front dodge gate (5) is connected with little door (13) by axle (11) by cylinder, and strut member (12) is installed in front dodge gate (5) below.
Wherein, described rear dodge gate (6) is connected with little door (14) by axle (18) by cylinder, and strut member (15) is installed in rear dodge gate (6) below
Air guide hole before and after closing while carrying out nitriding treatment, makes heating chamber form enclosed space, by 18 heating unit (1) direct heating that Homogeneous Circular is arranged wherein, guarantees that heat-up rate is fast and temperature uniformity good.In heating chamber, do not have other metal constructions except charging basket, workpiece in addition, ammonia directly enters heating chamber by room temperature, and the air inlet of A place has all effectively reduced the decomposition of ammonia before reacting with workpiece generation nitriding.Guarantee the activated nitrogen atom that fresh ammonia goes out at workpiece metal Surface disintegration, and immediately in surface adsorption and infiltration.
Air cooling system of the present invention comprises scatterer (7), pod (8), impeller (9), water-cooled machine (10), scatterer support plate (16), door (17), described scatterer (7) is fixed by scatterer support plate (16), scatterer support plate (16) is welded on inboard wall of furnace body below, water-cooled machine (10) passes through shaft hole matching with impeller (9), at water-cooled machine (10) axle front end, door (17) is installed fixing, scatterer (7) is bolted with pod (8).Air cooling system can be as cold as part at approximately 20 minutes below 100 ℃ from nitriding temperature, improve the performance of infiltration layer, reduced the fragility tissue of infiltration layer, avoided producing temper brittleness phenomenon.Also can carry out high pressure gas quenching, tempering, anneal to workpiece, wherein the gas pressure of quenching can reach 6bar, has really realized the structural requirement of multi-use.
With reference to embodiment, describe the present invention above.But those skilled in the art can understand, can also on the basis of above-described embodiment, to it, carry out multiple conversion or replacement.Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention being defined by claim, it not only comprises the mode described in above-described embodiment, has also contained various modifications, conversion and equivalent way.
Claims (5)
1. a horizontal high-pressure air quenching backfire nitrogenize multi-purpose vacuum stove, comprise vacuum oven main body, heating chamber, air cooling system, vacuum unit, airing system, electric control system, it is characterized in that: described heating chamber comprises heating unit (1), cylindrical shell (2), protecgulum (3), bonnet (4), described heating unit (1) forms drum by 18 graphite rods by web plate, the mode of connection is trilateral, cylindrical shell (2) thermoscreen comprises compound hard felt, graphite soft felt, ceramic fiber blanket and stainless steel backplate, protecgulum (3) and bonnet (4) consist of thermofin, middle part at protecgulum (3) and bonnet (4) is provided with air guide hole.
2. a kind of horizontal high-pressure air quenching backfire nitrogenize multi-purpose vacuum stove according to claim 1, is characterized in that: cylindrical shell (2) thermoscreen comprises the thick compound hard felt of one deck 40mm, four layers of thick soft felt of 10mm, four layers of 10mm thick fiber felt and the thick backplate of 2mm.
3. a kind of horizontal high-pressure air quenching backfire nitrogenize multi-purpose vacuum stove according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described front dodge gate (5) is connected with little door (13) by axle (11) by cylinder, strut member (12) is installed in front dodge gate (5) below.
4. a kind of horizontal high-pressure air quenching backfire nitrogenize multi-purpose vacuum stove according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rear dodge gate (6) is connected with little door (14) by axle (18) by cylinder, strut member (15) is installed in rear dodge gate (6) below.
5. a kind of horizontal high-pressure air quenching backfire nitrogenize multi-purpose vacuum stove type of furnace according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described air cooling system comprises scatterer (7), pod (8), impeller (9), water-cooled machine (10), scatterer support plate (16), door (17), described scatterer (7) is fixed by scatterer support plate (16), scatterer support plate (16) is welded on inboard wall of furnace body below, water-cooled machine (10) passes through shaft hole matching with impeller (9), at water-cooled machine (10) axle front end, door (17) is installed fixing, scatterer (7) is bolted with pod (8).
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104651568A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-05-27 | 浙江省长兴精工电炉制造有限公司 | High-precision atmosphere protection programmed tempering furnace |
| CN105033399A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-11 | 郑英 | Protective gas heat treatment tank sealing structure capable of resisting cold and hot deformation through vacuumization |
| CN105618884A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-01 | 沈阳广泰真空科技有限公司 | Horizontal type vacuum furnace for diamond particle brazing |
| CN107641783A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-30 | 安徽信息工程学院 | Magnetic material nitridation device |
| CN110157882A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-23 | 上海富驰高科技股份有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel aging of middle temperature heat treatment method and its vacuum drying oven |
| CN110951952A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-03 | 上海始金新材料科技有限公司 | Vacuum water quenching equipment |
| CN110952061A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-03 | 上海始金新材料科技有限公司 | Horizontal oxynitriding furnace |
| CN111397361A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-10 | 北京机电研究所有限公司 | Furnace structure of vacuum hydrogen furnace with air cooling function |
| CN112853072A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏华苏工业炉制造有限公司 | Horizontal multizone heating high vacuum tempering furnace of square single chamber |
| CN114540746A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-05-27 | 杭州永磁集团有限公司 | Special vacuum rotary nitriding furnace for rare earth nitride |
| CN117904574A (en) * | 2024-03-15 | 2024-04-19 | 江苏库纳新能源股份有限公司 | Surface nitriding treatment equipment of die |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104651568B (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-09-07 | 浙江省长兴精工电炉制造有限公司 | The program control tempering furnace of atmosphere protection in high precision |
| CN104651568A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-05-27 | 浙江省长兴精工电炉制造有限公司 | High-precision atmosphere protection programmed tempering furnace |
| CN105033399A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-11 | 郑英 | Protective gas heat treatment tank sealing structure capable of resisting cold and hot deformation through vacuumization |
| CN105618884A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-06-01 | 沈阳广泰真空科技有限公司 | Horizontal type vacuum furnace for diamond particle brazing |
| CN107641783A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-30 | 安徽信息工程学院 | Magnetic material nitridation device |
| CN110157882A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-08-23 | 上海富驰高科技股份有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel aging of middle temperature heat treatment method and its vacuum drying oven |
| CN110952061A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-03 | 上海始金新材料科技有限公司 | Horizontal oxynitriding furnace |
| CN110951952A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-03 | 上海始金新材料科技有限公司 | Vacuum water quenching equipment |
| CN111397361A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-10 | 北京机电研究所有限公司 | Furnace structure of vacuum hydrogen furnace with air cooling function |
| CN112853072A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 江苏华苏工业炉制造有限公司 | Horizontal multizone heating high vacuum tempering furnace of square single chamber |
| CN114540746A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-05-27 | 杭州永磁集团有限公司 | Special vacuum rotary nitriding furnace for rare earth nitride |
| CN117904574A (en) * | 2024-03-15 | 2024-04-19 | 江苏库纳新能源股份有限公司 | Surface nitriding treatment equipment of die |
| CN117904574B (en) * | 2024-03-15 | 2024-05-14 | 江苏库纳新能源股份有限公司 | Surface nitriding treatment equipment of die |
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