CN104177062B - A kind of aerogel composite of high temperature insulating - Google Patents
A kind of aerogel composite of high temperature insulating Download PDFInfo
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- CN104177062B CN104177062B CN201410456744.4A CN201410456744A CN104177062B CN 104177062 B CN104177062 B CN 104177062B CN 201410456744 A CN201410456744 A CN 201410456744A CN 104177062 B CN104177062 B CN 104177062B
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of aerogel composite of high temperature insulating, comprises SiO
2the opalizer of aerogel and doping, opalizer is at SiO
2aerogel starts successively internally to distribute from outside surface and is provided with 3 ~ 5 layers of doped layer; From SiO
2the opalizer that aerogel outmost surface starts inside the first doped layer arranged used is carbon black, and the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.7 μm ~ 2.9 μm, and carbon black is 42 ~ 45% at the mass percentage of the first doped layer; All the other each doped layers opalizer used is silicon carbide, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.5 μm ~ 3.5 μm, be 75% ~ 85% at the mass percentage of each doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide successively adulterated from the second doped layer diminishes and silicon carbide increases at the mass percentage of current doped layer.The present invention still has higher porosity and specific surface area at 1200 DEG C, can use at 1200 DEG C, further increases doping SiO
2the use temperature of aerogel composite.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high temperature insulating material, especially relate to a kind of aerogel composite of high temperature insulating.
Background technology
Aerogel is typical nanoporous ultra heat insulating material, it is the nano-porous materials that a kind of nano particle is assembled mutually, having much special character, as high-specific surface area, low density, high porosity, lower thermal conductivity, is the lightest, the solid material that effect of heat insulation is best that find at present.
In heat insulation field, current most study be SiO
2aerogel and charcoal-aero gel.SiO
2aerogel is the light nanoporous material with spacial framework obtained by sol-gel technology and Supercritical Drying Technology, its normal use temperature is at 600 ~ 800 DEG C, more than 800 DEG C pore structures obviously reduce, and material is tending towards fine and close, more than 1000 DEG C pore structure completely dissolves.
In order to reduce high-temperature infrared thermal radiation further, usually in aerogel, adding opalizer, as carbon black, silicon carbide (SiC), titanium dioxide etc., greatly can be reduced the infrared emanation under high temperature by the use of opalizer.But carbon black at high temperature can be oxidized, carbon black-aerogel composite use temperature generally can not more than 600K.Further, the introducing of SiC effectively can suppress high temp, infrared radiation also to have experimental result to show, works as SiC-SiO
2when aerogel composite use temperature is 500 DEG C, at SiC-SiO
2in aerogel composite, optimum SiC adds mass percent is 25%, and optimum SiC particle diameter is 3 μm.
But, (environment for use not has single temperature range to the environment for use complexity of aerogel composite, be such as high temperature or low temperature), higher service requirements is proposed to aerogel composite, needs it within the scope of larger temperature inversion, all have heat-proof quality of good performance.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of aerogel composite of high temperature insulating, and use temperature reaches 1200 DEG C, has the needs that good heat-proof quality can meet various environment for use.
An aerogel composite for high temperature insulating, comprises SiO
2the opalizer of aerogel and doping, it comprises:
Opalizer is at SiO
2aerogel starts successively internally to distribute from outside surface and is provided with 3 ~ 5 layers of doped layer;
Wherein, from SiO
2the opalizer that aerogel outmost surface starts inside the first doped layer arranged used is carbon black, and the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.7 μm ~ 2.9 μm, and carbon black is 42 ~ 45% at the mass percentage of the first doped layer;
All the other each doped layers opalizer used is silicon carbide, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.5 μm ~ 3.5 μm, be 75% ~ 85% at the mass percentage of each doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide successively adulterated from the second doped layer diminishes and silicon carbide increases at the mass percentage of current doped layer.
Wherein, opalizer is at SiO
2aerogel to have three layers doped layer from the outside surface setting that starts successively internally to distribute, and in the first doped layer, the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.7 μm, and mass percentage is 45%; In second doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 3.2 μm, and mass percentage is 80%; In 3rd doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.6 μm, and mass percentage is 84%.
Wherein, opalizer is at SiO
2aerogel starts successively internally to distribute from outside surface and is provided with 4 layers of doped layer, and in the first doped layer, the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.9 μm, and the mass percentage accounting for the first doped layer of carbon black is 42%; In second doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 3.5 μm, and mass percentage is 75%; In 3rd doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 3.1 μm, and mass percentage is 81%; In 4th doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.5 μm, and mass percentage is 85%.
Wherein, opalizer is at SiO
2aerogel to be of five storeys doped layer from the outside surface setting that starts successively internally to distribute, and in the first doped layer, the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.8 μm, and mass percentage is 43.5%; In second doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 3.4 μm, and mass percentage is 77%; In 3rd doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 3.0 μm, and mass percentage is 79%; In 4th doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.8 μm, and mass percentage is 82%; In 5th doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.6 μm, and mass percentage is 85%.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
The present invention is by the SiO of multilayer polycomponent opalizer doping
2aerogel composite, comparing Uniform Doped can improve SiO further
2the high temperature insulating performance of aerogel composite, the present invention still has higher porosity and specific surface area at 1200 DEG C, can use at 1200 DEG C, further increases doping SiO
2the use temperature of aerogel composite, can prepare various large complicated special-shaped heat insulating component, can meet the service requirements that Aeronautics and Astronautics, military affairs and the heat insulation field such as civilian are harsher.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is doping SiO
2the structural representation of the multi-level opalizer doping of aerogel composite.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described by the following examples, but these embodiments must not be used for explaining limiting the scope of the invention.
The present invention proposes a kind of aerogel composite of high temperature insulating, comprises SiO
2the opalizer of aerogel and doping, and opalizer divides many levels to adulterate, namely the present invention is a kind of SiO of multi-level opalizer doping
2aerogel composite, be, opalizer particle optimum doping particle diameter different from temperature capacity according to the shaded effect of different sunscreen material and temperature is closely related, the doping of opalizer can cause the factors such as thermal conductivity rising, determine the mass percentage content of opalizer material, opalizer particle diameter and opalizer that each layer adulterates.
Doping SiO
2aerogel composite has 3-5 layer opalizer doped layer.As shown in Figure 1, SiO
2aerogel composite successively internally distributes and is set to the first doped layer 1, second doped layer 2, the 3rd doped layer 3, the 4th doped layer 4 and the 5th doped layer 5 from outside surface.Wherein, the first doped layer 1 is carbon black-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of carbon-black doped is 2.7 μm ~ 2.9 μm, and carbon black is 42 ~ 45% at the mass percentage of the first doped layer; Second doped layer 2 is SiC-SiO to the 5th doped layer 5
2aerogel composite, in each doped layer of the second doped layer 2 to the 5th doped layer 5, the particle diameter of doped SIC (silicon carbide) is 2.5 μm ~ 3.5 μm, the corresponding mass percentage at each doped layer is 75% ~ 85%, and to the 5th doped layer 5 from the second doped layer 2, successively the particle diameter of used doped SIC diminishes and the increase of the mass percentage of SiC.
The preparation of each doped layer, namely adopts the carbon black-SiO disclosed in any one prior art
2aerogel composite preparation method and SiC-SiO
2aerogel composite preparation method, the present invention is not described in detail at this.
Embodiment 1
Doping SiO
2aerogel composite successively internally distributes and is set to the first doped layer, the second doped layer and the 3rd doped layer from outside surface, and the first doped layer is carbon black-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.7 μm, and the mass percentage accounting for the first doped layer of carbon black is 45%; Second doped layer is SiC-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of SiC is 3.2 μm, and in the second doped layer, the mass percentage of SiC is 80%; 3rd doped layer is SiC-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of SiC is 2.6 μm, and in the 3rd doped layer, the mass percentage of SiC is 84%.
Gained doping SiO
2aerogel composite thermal conductivity 300 DEG C time is 0.042W/mK, and 600 DEG C time, thermal conductivity is 0.047W/mK, and 900 DEG C time, thermal conductivity is 0.054W/mK, and 1200 DEG C time, thermal conductivity is 0.058W/mK.
Embodiment 2
SiO2 aerogel composite successively internally distributes and is set to the first doped layer, the second doped layer, the 3rd doped layer and the 4th doped layer from outside surface, and the first doped layer is carbon black-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.9 μm, and the mass percentage accounting for the first doped layer of carbon black is 42%; Second doped layer is SiC-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of SiC is 3.5 μm, and in the second doped layer, the mass percentage of SiC is 75%; 3rd doped layer is SiC-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of SiC is 3.1 μm, and in the 3rd doped layer, the mass percentage of SiC is 81%; 4th doped layer is SiC-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of SiC is 2.5 μm, and in the 4th doped layer, the mass percentage of SiC is 85%.
Gained doping SiO
2aerogel composite thermal conductivity 300 DEG C time is 0.043W/mK, and 600 DEG C time, thermal conductivity is 0.048W/mK, and 900 DEG C time, thermal conductivity is 0.052W/mK, and 1200 DEG C time, thermal conductivity is 0.057W/mK.
Embodiment 3
Doping SiO
2aerogel composite successively internally distributes and is set to the first doped layer, the second doped layer, the 3rd doped layer, the 4th doped layer and the 5th doped layer from outside surface, and the first doped layer is carbon black-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.8 μm, and the mass percentage accounting for the first doped layer of carbon black is 43.5%; Second doped layer is SiC-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of SiC is 3.4 μm, and in the second doped layer, the mass percentage of SiC is 77%; 3rd doped layer is SiC-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of SiC is 3.0 μm, and in the 3rd doped layer, the mass percentage of SiC is 79%; 4th doped layer is SiC-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of SiC is 2.8 μm, and in the 4th doped layer, the mass percentage of SiC is 82%; 5th doped layer is SiC-SiO
2aerogel composite, the particle diameter of SiC is 2.6 μm, and in the 5th doped layer, the mass percentage of SiC is 85%.
Gained doping SiO
2aerogel composite thermal conductivity 300 DEG C time is 0.040W/mK, and 600 DEG C time, thermal conductivity is 0.045W/mK, and 900 DEG C time, thermal conductivity is 0.052W/mK, and 1200 DEG C time, thermal conductivity is 0.057W/mK.
To sum up, the present invention is by the SiO of multilayer polycomponent opalizer doping
2aerogel composite, discloses hotchpotch and corresponding optimum particle diameter and mass percent that different doped layer uses; When being no more than temperature 300 DEG C, SiO
2in aerogel composite, the first doped layer (is carbon black-SiO
2aerogel composite) play good heat-blocking action, and temperature more than 30 DEG C time, SiO
2in aerogel composite second (is SiC-SiO to the 5th doped layer
2aerogel composite) play good heat-blocking action; In view of quantity of radiant energy is mainly gathered near shortwave in high temperature environments, the less doping particle of particle diameter successively should should be chosen and the mass percentage of successively increase doping particle (namely the optimum doping amount of opalizer particle increases with temperature and increases in the second to the 5th doped layer) in the second to the 5th doped layer.Therefore, compare Uniform Doped or the doping of single opalizer, the present invention can improve SiO further
2the high temperature insulating performance of aerogel composite, the present invention still has higher porosity and specific surface area at 1200 DEG C, can use, further increase SiO at 1200 DEG C
2the use temperature of aerogel composite, can prepare various large complicated special-shaped heat insulating component, can meet the service requirements that Aeronautics and Astronautics, military affairs and the heat insulation field such as civilian are harsher.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. an aerogel composite for high temperature insulating, comprises SiO
2the opalizer of aerogel and doping, is characterized in that:
Opalizer is at SiO
2aerogel starts successively internally to distribute from outside surface and is provided with 3 ~ 5 layers of doped layer;
Wherein, from SiO
2the opalizer that aerogel outmost surface starts inside the first doped layer arranged used is carbon black, and the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.7 μm ~ 2.9 μm, and carbon black is 42 ~ 45% at the mass percentage of the first doped layer;
All the other each doped layers opalizer used is silicon carbide, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.5 μm ~ 3.5 μm, be 75% ~ 85% at the mass percentage of each doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide successively adulterated from the second doped layer diminishes and silicon carbide increases at the mass percentage of current doped layer.
2. the aerogel composite of a kind of high temperature insulating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, opalizer is at SiO
2aerogel to have three layers doped layer from the outside surface setting that starts successively internally to distribute, and in the first doped layer, the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.7 μm, and mass percentage is 45%; In second doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 3.2 μm, and mass percentage is 80%; In 3rd doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.6 μm, and mass percentage is 84%.
3. the aerogel composite of a kind of high temperature insulating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, opalizer is at SiO
2aerogel starts successively internally to distribute from outside surface and is provided with 4 layers of doped layer, and in the first doped layer, the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.9 μm, and the mass percentage accounting for the first doped layer of carbon black is 42%; In second doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 3.5 μm, and mass percentage is 75%; In 3rd doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 3.1 μm, and mass percentage is 81%; In 4th doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.5 μm, and mass percentage is 85%.
4. the aerogel composite of a kind of high temperature insulating according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, opalizer is at SiO
2aerogel to be of five storeys doped layer from the outside surface setting that starts successively internally to distribute, and in the first doped layer, the particle diameter of carbon black is 2.8 μm, and mass percentage is 43.5%; In second doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 3.4 μm, and mass percentage is 77%; In 3rd doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 3.0 μm, and mass percentage is 79%; In 4th doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.8 μm, and mass percentage is 82%; In 5th doped layer, the particle diameter of silicon carbide is 2.6 μm, and mass percentage is 85%.
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| US7461512B2 (en) * | 2003-10-29 | 2008-12-09 | California Institute Of Technology | System and method for suppressing sublimation using opacified aerogel |
| CN101734903A (en) * | 2008-11-14 | 2010-06-16 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof |
| CN101671157A (en) * | 2009-09-22 | 2010-03-17 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | High-efficiency insulating material used for high-temperature pipeline and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20181113 Address after: 313000 286, Shuikou Town, Shuikou village, Nanxun Town, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Patentee after: Zhejiang Hanguang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 528500 Six 102, 183 Wenchang Road, Hecheng Street, Gaoming District, Foshan City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Xiong Julian |
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Effective date of registration: 20190122 Address after: 321015 Caozhai Industrial Zone, Jindong District, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province (in Huaxin Craft Caiwa Factory, Jinhua City) Patentee after: Zhejiang Geyang New Materials Co., Ltd. Address before: 313000 286, Shuikou Town, Shuikou village, Nanxun Town, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Patentee before: Zhejiang Hanguang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. |