CN101734903A - Nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101734903A
CN101734903A CN200810226164A CN200810226164A CN101734903A CN 101734903 A CN101734903 A CN 101734903A CN 200810226164 A CN200810226164 A CN 200810226164A CN 200810226164 A CN200810226164 A CN 200810226164A CN 101734903 A CN101734903 A CN 101734903A
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nano silica
insulating material
preparation
weight percent
silica dioxide
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徐丽
陈新
王秋玲
张卓
何州文
王振明
赵宇航
李震
李寅雪
高宏伟
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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China Electric Power Research Institute Co Ltd CEPRI
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Priority to CN200810226164A priority Critical patent/CN101734903A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/02—Treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B30/00—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders
    • C04B30/02—Compositions for artificial stone, not containing binders containing fibrous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/56—Opacifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures

Abstract

The invention relates to a nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the preparation method of the nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material comprises the steps of putting 60-100 wt% of nano silica dioxide powder, 0-35 wt% of reinforced fibre and 0-30 wt% of infrared opacifier in an enclosed stirrer after being mixed; and stirring at high speed by adopting a dry method to enable the mixture in the enclosed mixer to be dispersed evenly to prepare an unshaped heat-insulating material or a stereotyped heat-insulating material by mould pressing. By adopting the nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material is prepared by the preparation method of nano ilica dioxide heat insulating material, the un-shaped or stereotyped heat insulating material with excellent heat-insulating property can be prepared by uniformly mixing the nano silica dioxide powder, the reinforced fibre and the infrared opacifier in a proper proportion. The nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material has the advantages of simple preparation technology, easy operation, low preparation cost, wide application area and environment-friendliness.

Description

Nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to silica dioxide heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof, particularly a kind of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof belongs to ceramic manufacturing technology field.
Background technology
Aerosil is a kind of novel lightweight nano-porous materials, have that density is low, surface-area is big and the porosity advantages of higher, especially have extremely low thermal conductivity and good heat-insulating property, therefore the super insulating material that can be used as the heat-insulating property excellence, but can not use it for engineering reality as thermal insulation material because its property is crisp, intensity is low, thereby limit it and promoted the use of.
At present, in some American-European countries, general aerosil powder or the particle of adopting places between two panels, make sandwich shape insulating product, perhaps be mixed and made into bulk material with asbestos, organic resin etc., perhaps silica wet gel is injected the block materials that aluminum silicate fiber is formed, the formation aerosil is filled in the composite block thermal insulation material between the aluminum silicate fiber behind the supercritical drying.Because this material preparation process is complicated, cost is higher, and most engineerings that only are used for specific installation or particular requirement have limited it and promoted the use of.In addition, more existing preparation methods can avoid the complicated technology of Supercritical Drying Technology, but will be after it adds the powder that configures in the colloidal sol for preparing through 40-100 ℃ of following gel aging 12-24 hour and negative pressure drying process, technology is loaded down with trivial details, organic composition is many, use under the hot environment and certainly will cause organic volatile, environment friendly is poor.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof, with the thermal insulation material of preparation heat-insulating property excellence, and preparation technology is simple, easy to operate, preparation cost is low, applied range, environment friendly are good.
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material, this method comprises:
With weight percent is to put into closed agitator after infrared light screening agent that the nano silica powder of 60-100%, fortifying fibre that weight percent is 0-35% and weight percent are 0-30% mixes;
Adopt the dry method high-speed stirring that the mixture in the closed agitator is uniformly dispersed, make the indefinite form thermal insulation material, perhaps make the moulded products thermal insulation material by press moulding mode.
The preparation method of above-mentioned nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material, nano silica powder, fortifying fibre and the infrared light screening agent of certain proportioning are mixed, make the indefinite form or the moulding thermal insulation material of heat-insulating property excellence, and preparation technology is simple, easy to operate, preparation cost is low, applied range; Finish in closed agitator owing to preparation process simultaneously, and do not contain volatile material, environment friendly is good.
The invention provides a kind of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material, this nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material comprises:
Nano silica powder, weight percent are 60-100%;
Fortifying fibre, weight percent are 0-35%;
Infrared light screening agent, weight percent are 0-30%.
Adopt the nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material of above-mentioned preparation method's preparation, the heat-insulating property excellence.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment one of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment two of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment three of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment four of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment five of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment six of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, be the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment of the present invention, this method comprises:
Step 101, be to put into closed agitator after infrared light screening agent that the nano silica powder of 60-100%, fortifying fibre that weight percent is 0-35% and weight percent are 0-30% mixes with weight percent;
Wherein, put into the best 70-98% of being of weight percent of the nano silica powder of closed agitator, weight percent the best of fortifying fibre is 2-25%, and weight percent the best of infrared light screening agent is 0-25%; Above-mentioned silicon-dioxide powdery can be for the hollow fiber-shaped white carbon black of flame silicon ash, gas-phase silica, bio-silicon dioxide, aerosil powder, the preparation of asbestos acid etching etc., and it can adopt the commercially available prod, as the Aerosi1812 product of Degussa company, its particle diameter is the 7-14 nanometer; The HL-150 product of Guangzhou Science and Technology Ji Sheng Industrial Co, its particle diameter are the 7-40 nanometer.Above-mentioned fortifying fibre can be a kind of or arbitrary combination in beta glass fibre, glass fibre, aluminum silicate fiber, sapphire whisker, mullite fiber, xonotlite fiber, Zirconium oxide fibre, high silica fiber, rock wool fibers, mineral wool fibre, basalt fibre, aramid fiber, textile fibres, brucite fiber, fibrous magnesium silicate, sepiolite fibre, attapulgite fiber, the wollastonite fibre etc.; And natural mineral fibers such as above-mentioned brucite, sepiolite, asbestos, attapulgite, wollastonite are through ultra-fine dispersion treatment in advance, above-mentioned ultra-fine in advance dispersion treatment process is: adopt permeate agent (OT) 15 for after dispersion modes such as dispersion agent stirs, ultrasonic vibration, ball milling carry out ultra-fine dispersion, dry preparation after adding the hydrophobizing agent processing; Wherein, the weight percent of OT is 0.2-15%, and hydrophobizing agent can adopt silicone based hydrophobizing agent, is specifically as follows organosilicon, the methyl-monosilane methyl silanol is received etc., and wherein the add-on of hydrophobizing agent is 0.2-8%; Fibre diameter after the ultra-fine dispersion mostly is nano level, the slightlyest is not more than 200 microns.In addition, the length of the various fibers in the above-mentioned fortifying fibre is all smaller or equal to 20 millimeters, and Fibre diameter is 2 nanometers-300 micron.Above-mentioned opalizer can be a kind of or arbitrary combination in the super-fine powder of materials such as titanium dioxide, chromium sesquioxide, ferric oxide, zirconium white, carborundum, silicon nitride, the particle diameter of above-mentioned super-fine powder for example can adopt Ti-pure, the R-103 etc. of dupont company production less than 250 nanometers;
Step 102, employing dry method high-speed stirring are uniformly dispersed the mixture in the closed agitator, make the indefinite form thermal insulation material, perhaps make the moulded products thermal insulation material by press moulding mode.
Wherein, adopted the dry method high-speed stirring 2-30 minute, and the mixture in the closed agitator was uniformly dispersed, and places mould to suppress, can make the moulded products thermal insulation material, the shape of above-mentioned moulded products thermal insulation material can be block, tabular, shell shape and tubulose etc.; The shape of indefinite form thermal insulation material is generally powdery.
The preparation method of above-mentioned nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material, nano silica powder, fortifying fibre and the infrared light screening agent of certain proportioning are mixed, indefinite form of making or moulding thermal insulation material heat-insulating property excellence, and preparation technology is simple, easy to operate, preparation cost is low, applied range; Simultaneously owing to do not have organic composition in the preparation material, and preparation process finishes in closed agitator, so each component volatilization is few, environment friendly is good.
As shown in Figure 2, be the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment one of the present invention, this method comprises:
Step 201, be that 60: 25: 15 mixed are even by weight percentage, form mixture nano silica powder, brucite fiber and charing silica flour;
Wherein, brucite fiber is through the fiber of the length after the ultra-fine dispersion treatment no longer than 8mm;
Step 202, said mixture is added closed agitator high-speed stirring disperse to put in 30 minutes extrusion forming behind the grinding tool, can obtain the product of designated shape.
As shown in Figure 3, be the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment two of the present invention, this method comprises:
Step 301, be that 85: 5: 10 mixed is even by weight percentage, form mixture nano silica powder, aluminium silicate fiber peacekeeping carborundum powder;
Wherein, the length of aluminum silicate fiber is 5mm;
Step 302, with said mixture add closed agitator high-speed stirring disperse to put in 15 minutes packing bag after encapsulation stand-by.
As shown in Figure 4, be the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment three of the present invention, this method comprises:
Step 401, with nano silica powder: glass fibre: the charing silica flour is that 95: 3: 2 mixed is even by weight percentage, forms mixture;
Wherein, the length of glass fibre is 8mm;
Step 402, said mixture is added closed agitator high-speed stirring disperseed 15 minutes, dispersed with stirring is put into extrusion forming behind the grinding tool after evenly, can obtain the product of designated shape.
Hydrophobic type high temperature uses down,
As shown in Figure 5, be the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment four of the present invention, this method comprises:
Step 501, with nanometer gas-phase silica powder, glass fibre, titanium dioxide (TiO 2) powder is that 80: 8: 12 mixed is even by weight percentage, forms mixture;
Wherein, the length of glass fibre is 6mm;
Step 502, said mixture is added closed agitator high-speed stirring disperseed 15 minutes, dispersed with stirring is put into extrusion forming behind the grinding tool after evenly, can obtain the product of designated shape.
As shown in Figure 6, be the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment five of the present invention, this method comprises:
Step 601, with flame wollastonite powder, aluminium silicate fiber peacekeeping TiO 2Powder is that 70: 7: 23 mixed is even by weight percentage, forms mixture;
Wherein, the length of aluminum silicate fiber is 8mm;
Step 602, said mixture is added closed agitator high-speed stirring disperseed 20 minutes, dispersed with stirring is put into extrusion forming behind the grinding tool after evenly, can obtain the product of designated shape.
As shown in Figure 7, be the schema of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment six of the present invention, this method comprises:
Step 701, with nanometer gas-phase silica powder, glass fibre and TiO 2Powder is that 75: 15: 20 mixed is even by weight percentage, forms mixture;
Wherein, the length of fiberglass is 6mm;
Step 702, said mixture is added closed agitator mix at a high speed and disperseed 25 minutes, dispersed with stirring is put into extrusion forming behind the grinding tool after evenly, can obtain the product of designated shape.
Above-mentioned nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material preparation method embodiment one is to implementing six, carry out formula adjustment according to different environments for use and prepare the different grades series product, and preparation technology is simple, easy to operate, preparation cost is low, applied range, environment friendly are good.
The nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material that the present invention uses above-mentioned preparation method's preparation comprises: nano silica powder, weight percent are 60-100%; Fortifying fibre, weight percent are 0-35%; Infrared light screening agent, weight percent are 0-30%.
Wherein, the weight percent of above-mentioned nano silica powder is 70-98%, and the weight percent of described fortifying fibre is 2-25%, and the weight percent of described infrared light screening agent is 0-25%.
Above-mentioned silica dioxide heat-insulating material can be used as the indefinite form thermal insulation material and directly is filled in the equipment cavity that needs insulation, and the layering tamping gets final product, and is especially suitable for special-shaped equipment.In addition, by GB GB/T10699 above-mentioned silica dioxide heat-insulating material performance is detected, its normal temperature thermal conductivity is smaller or equal to 0.026 thermal power (W)/rice (m) as can be known. absolute temperature (K), 500 ℃ of thermal conductivitys are smaller or equal to 0.056W/m.K, unit weight is 150-500Kg/m3, and high temperature resistant formula materials maximum operation (service) temperature is 1000 ℃.
Further, the present invention can adjust composition according to the difference of product environment for use, and then prepare different products, because the silica dioxide heat-insulating material composition that the present invention relates to does not have organic products, therefore when the environment for use temperature is higher than more than 500 ℃, just can adopt the good aluminum silicate fiber of resistance to elevated temperatures, sapphire whisker, mullite fiber, xonotlite fiber, Zirconium oxide fibre, high silica fiber as fortifying fibre, adopt infrared light screening agent just can under hot environment, play good insulation insulation effect.Because the safe handling temperature of glass fibre is 350 ℃, and mineral fibre can produce contraction because of losing crystal water between 300-600 ℃ mostly, so it can not be used under the hot environment, but when use in, in the time of in the low temperature thermal environment, can adopt glass fibre, the ultra-fine dispersive natural mineral fiber of process is (as brucite fiber, sepiolite fibre, fibrous magnesium silicate, the attapulgite fiber, wollastonite fibre etc.) be safe as strongthener, and can under the prerequisite that does not influence insulation effect, not add opalizer or decrement adds as opalizer according to different situations, to reduce cost.When it is used as cold insulation adiabatic environment following time, the natural mineral fiber after can adding glass fibre, aluminum silicate fiber, ultra-fine dispersion treatment under the condition that has flame retardant properties to require; When no fire-retardant performance requriements, can add natural cotton-wool, shortly cut organic fibre etc., need not add opalizer.The interpolation of above-mentioned opalizer is the thermal radiation when stoping high temperature heat transfer, can add under low temperature and the cold insulation environment in therefore or adds less as one feels fit.
Above-mentioned silica dioxide heat-insulating material, composition is all the safety and environmental protection material, use does not have the organic composition volatilization, belong to the environment friendly material, and it is little to have a light thermal conductivity of unit weight, maximum operation (service) temperature is 1000 ℃, can be used for high, medium and low temperature insulation engineering thermal insulation, also can use in the cold insulation engineering.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not break away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the preparation method of a nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material is characterized in that comprising:
With weight percent is to put into closed agitator after infrared light screening agent that the nano silica powder of 60-100%, fortifying fibre that weight percent is 0-35% and weight percent are 0-30% mixes;
Adopt the dry method high-speed stirring that the mixture in the closed agitator is uniformly dispersed, make the indefinite form thermal insulation material, perhaps make the moulded products thermal insulation material by press moulding mode.
2. the preparation method of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material according to claim 1 is characterized in that described is to put into closed agitator after infrared light screening agent that the nano silica powder of 60-100%, fortifying fibre that weight percent is 0-35% and weight percent are 0-30% mixes to comprise with weight percent:
With weight percent is to put into closed agitator after infrared light screening agent that the nano silica powder of 70-98%, fortifying fibre that weight percent is 2-25% and weight percent are 0-25% mixes.
3. the preparation method of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described silicon-dioxide powdery comprises the hollow fiber-shaped white carbon black of flame silicon ash, gas-phase silica, bio-silicon dioxide, aerosil powder, the preparation of asbestos acid etching.
4. the preparation method of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material according to claim 1 and 2, the length that it is characterized in that described fortifying fibre be smaller or equal to 20 millimeters, and Fibre diameter is 2 nanometers-300 micron.
5. the preparation method of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described fortifying fibre is a beta glass fibre, glass fibre, aluminum silicate fiber, sapphire whisker, mullite fiber, xonotlite fiber, Zirconium oxide fibre, high silica fiber, rock wool fibers, mineral wool fibre, basalt fibre, aramid fiber, textile fibres is through a kind of or arbitrary combination in the brucite fiber after the ultra-fine dispersion treatment in advance, fibrous magnesium silicate, sepiolite fibre, attapulgite fiber, the wollastonite fibre.
6. the preparation method of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described infrared light screening agent is a kind of or arbitrary combination in the super-fine powder of titanium dioxide, chromium sesquioxide, ferric oxide, zirconium white, carborundum, silicon nitride material.
7. the preparation method of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material according to claim 6, the particle diameter that it is characterized in that described super-fine powder is less than 250 nanometers.
8. the preparation method of nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that described employing dry method high-speed stirring is uniformly dispersed the mixture in the closed agitator, make the indefinite form thermal insulation material, perhaps make the moulded products thermal insulation material and comprise by press moulding mode:
Adopt the dry method high-speed stirring 2-30 minute, and the mixture in the closed agitator was uniformly dispersed, and places mould to suppress, make the moulded products thermal insulation material.
9. an application rights requires the nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material of preparation method's preparation of the described nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material of 1-8, it is characterized in that comprising:
Nano silica powder, weight percent are 60-100%;
Fortifying fibre, weight percent are 0-35%;
Infrared light screening agent, weight percent are 0-30%.
10. nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material according to claim 9, the weight percent that it is characterized in that described nano silica powder is 70-98%, the weight percent of described fortifying fibre is 2-25%, and the weight percent of described infrared light screening agent is 0-25%.
CN200810226164A 2008-11-14 2008-11-14 Nano silica dioxide heat-insulating material and preparation method thereof Pending CN101734903A (en)

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Application publication date: 20100616