CN104174834B - A kind of electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact - Google Patents
A kind of electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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Abstract
A kind of electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact, be characterized in: determine blade pressed compact appearance profile according to turbine blade 3 D intelligent development size, make electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compact crystallizer, consutrode, by optimizing electroslag casting process parameter, Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing, finally prepare qualified electroslag smelting casting turbine blade pressed compact. The present invention can solve the deficiency of current turbine blade pressed compact, for hot moulding turbine blade provides near-net-shape pressed compact manufacturing technology, the blade pressed compact material high purity of producing, chemical composition evenly, dense structure, without loose, without the defect such as slag inclusion and shrinkage cavity, there is good mechanical property, higher fatigue resistance energy, generate and scalability compared with high resistance crackle, can reach mechanical property and the flaw detection index request of same material forging.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimension curved surface pressed compact manufacturing process, a kind of turbine blade pressed compact is provided especiallyElectroslag smelting casting manufacture method.
Background technology
Along with the demand of large and medium hydro-generator group to high quality water turbine blade, part enterprise both at home and abroadIndustry starts to adopt hot compression molding method to produce turbine blade, and the turbine blade of production has been avoided sandMold casting blade shortcoming, has again that product quality is high, the duration is relatively short and do not destroy metal streamline etc.Advantage, thereby this method is subject to certain attention in hydraulic turbine manufacturing industry at home and abroad. As preparing waterThe raw material of turbine hot moulding blade, the quality of mold pressing pressed compact and appearance and size performance, the later stage to bladeProcessing capacity and production cost impact are very large.
At present, conventional mold pressing blade pressed compact has 2 kinds of structures conventionally, casts pressed compact and waits steel platePressed compact. Casting pressed compact moulding process is simple, and the pressed compact back side can directly be cast as mounted blade figure requirementSpace curved surface, pressed compact labor content is less, but due to casting technique restriction itself, casting pressed compactInherent quality is low, and routine casting defect is inevitable, and pressed compact is second-rate, and casting pressed compact soldering andRelief grinding correction workload is larger, and the production cycle is longer, and production efficiency is low; Current mold pressing Deng steel plateThe compact structures pattern that blade is commonly used, internal quality of steel plate is better, and defect is few. But for manufacturing leafThe blade (as " X " type blade) that plate curvature and varied in thickness are larger, because steel plate pressed compact is uniform thicknessPlate, causes the stock utilization of steel plate pressed compact low; The blade pressed compact back side is space curved surface, and surplus is poorDifferent very large, post-production amount is large, has greatly increased production cost, has restricted turbine blade hot mouldingThe development of technology.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiency of existing hot moulding turbine blade pressed compact, the invention provides a kind of hydraulic turbineThe electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of blade pressed compact, can significantly improve blade pressed compact stock utilization, reduceProcessing capacity, shorten the processing duration, and leaf quality is improved, and particularly has higher fatigue resistanceCan, generate and scalability compared with high resistance crackle, can meet with material rough forging mechanical property requirements.
The invention provides a kind of electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact, according to the hydraulic turbineBlade 3 D intelligent development size is made electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compact crystallizer, consutrode, by excellentChange electroslag casting process, Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing, finally prepare qualified electroslag smelting casting blade and pressBase, is characterized in that, described electroslag casting process concrete steps are as follows:
(1), slag system and quantity of slag control: consider the variation of blade pressed compact coagulating property and chemical composition,Choose reasonable electroslag smelting casting slag system, its main component is mass percent: CaF2：55～65％、Al2O3：25～35%, require to add MgO, the CaO slag system that comes from different backgrounds and possess different abilities according to actual alloy refining, it addsAmount is not higher than 15% of slag system gross mass, and thickness of slag layer is generally 40～60% of crystallizer equivalent diameter;
(2), Igniting pattern: adopt solid slag or the melt cinder starting the arc, starting the arc material chemical composition mass percentFor: TiO2：40～55％、CaF2: 40～58%, MgO:2～5%; In the time adopting the solid slag starting the arc,Between electrode and end water tank, place a signal supervisory instrument, contact with starting the arc material by detecting electrodeMoment, potential change between electrode and end water tank, can detect whether consutrode has compressed and and waterCold base plate is connected, and electrode decrease speed is controlled, and ensures that starting the arc material is not crushed or top is inclined to one side,Finally realize the steady starting the arc of ESR Process; While adopting this device to carry out the solid slag starting the arc, a starting the arcSuccess rate is more than 98%.
(3), power supply parameter is selected: according to the geometric parameter of casting dimension, electrode and crystallizer and moltenCasting process is determined each respective electrical parameters such as founding power, voltage, electric current, in fusion-casting process, notesKeep the stable of voltage and current. Wherein Control of Voltage at 50～110V, Current Control 5500～18000A；
(4), feeding: for the large flakiness ratio shaped piece of this class of blade pressed compact, adopt a kind of feeding that is interruptedMode is carried out feeding, and detailed description of the invention is as follows: in the feeding phase, and first will be just in 3～8 minutesNormal electric current is at the uniform velocity reduced to minimum feeding electric current, keeps 2～5 minutes; Again by minimum feeding electric current 2～In 5 minutes, be at the uniform velocity elevated to 70～90% of normal fusion casting current, 5～8 times so repeatedly, eachHigh fusion casting current is all last time 70～90% of the highest fusion casting current, is reduced to zero last 1 time.
The electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact of the present invention, is characterized in that: utilizeFinite element analysis software, carries out 3 D intelligent expansion to turbine blade, by turbine blade generate justFace is the blade mold pressing pressed compact that plane, the back side are curved surface, contrasts blade in conjunction with the mounted blade figure of outputDimensional drawing is revised, and finally determines electroslag smelting casting pressed compact blank dimension. Be specially: first by wholeIndividual leaf model is divided into thousands of finite element grids, by unit mark label; By what identifiedBlade is die mould in dummy mould, utilizes point-tracking method to carry out the preliminary expansion of blade. Calculate bladeThe actual thickness of positive corresponding points, is mapped to actual thickness to launch face of blade, flattens thereby generateVacuum side of blade. Again the blade after preliminary expansion is put into dummy mould, apply temperature field and other limitAfter boundary's condition, carry out secondary press, finally the mounted blade figure of output is contrasted to blade dimensions figure and repaiiedJust.
The electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact of the present invention, is characterized in that: crystallizationDevice is selected: according to the blade mold pressing pressed compact appearance and size of launching, make the split of electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compactFourplatemold, the separate assembling crystallizer material of made is the split of full aluminium or copper steel weldingFourplatemold, full crystalline aluminophosphate equipment matter is ZL114A, the water seam of crystallizer internal cavity plate and gusset is wideDegree is 25～40mm, and crystallizer internal cavity is cast moulding method preparation; Copper steel welding crystallizer is to tieBrilliant device exocoel and gusset are carbon steel sheet, and crystallizer internal cavity is copper plate, and crystallizer can split dismounting,Maintenance, the water seam width of copper steel welding crystallizer internal cavity plate and gusset is 15～35mm, crystallizer internal cavityCopper coin is the preparation of metal hot bending+machined manufacturing process.
The electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact of the present invention, is characterized in that: usedConsutrode is sand casting electrode and steel plate butt welding electrode 2 classes, in conjunction with blade pressed compact crystallizer internal cavitySize, prepares blade pressed compact conformal consutrode, and the packing ratio of selecting is 0.3～0.45.
Blade pressed compact is due to solidification forming in water-cooled metal mould, and internal stress is larger, should carry out in timeAnti-cracking heat treatment, otherwise easily crack. The electroslag smelting casting of turbine blade pressed compact of the present inventionManufacture method, is characterized in that, blade pressed compact Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing is: by the electroslag after devaningFounding blade pressed compact is heated to 800～900 DEG C, is incubated after 4～6 hours, cools to room temperature with the furnace.
The electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact of the present invention, is characterized in that: described inTurbine blade pressed compact alloy comprise: steel alloy 20SiMn; Low Carbon Martensite Stainless Steel06Cr13Ni4Mo, 06Cr13Ni5Mo or 06Cr16Ni5Mo; Mo ultralow-carbon martensitic stainless steel04Cr13Ni4Mo、04Cr13Ni5Mo。
Compared with prior art, the advantage having is as follows in the present invention:
(1) electroslag smelting casting is a kind of Special Processes of Metal Castings work that integrates double refining purification, solidification formingSkill, by adjusting slag proportioning, optimizing electroslag casting process, can further remove in consutrodeField trash and change its distributional pattern, reduce the harmful element such as P, S in blade pressed compact and N, H,The gas contents such as O, have improved the degree of purity of material.
(2) foundry goods solidifies in crystallizer, and cooling velocity is fast, solid-liquid forward position crystallization temperature gradient is large,Due to foundry goods rapid solidification, foundry goods dense structure. Metal crystallizer dimensional accuracy is high, it is little to be out of shape,Thereby cast(ing) surface is bright and clean, allowance is little, make blade pressed compact reach near-net-shape object.
(3) electroslag smelting casting near-net-shape blade pressed compact can reach mechanical property and the flaw detection of same material forgingIndex request, chemical composition evenly, dense structure, dendrite refinement, microscopic segregation be little, without loose,The defects such as shrinkage cavity, field trash is disperse and distributes, and is better than Clean Steel fatigue life, has again forging instituteThe isotropic advantage not possessing, have simultaneously higher fatigue resistance energy and compared with high resistance crackle generate andScalability.
(4) metal crystallizer has substituted a large amount of nonmetal Modeling Materials such as sand mold, binding agent and coatingMaterial, reduces solid waste discharge, has reduced the pollution to environment, has realized green manufacturing.In addition, because metal crystallizer can repeatedly use, producing large flakiness ratio blade pressed compact especiallyTime, production procedure is short, has saved production cost and time.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
Choosing material is the martensitic stain less steel blade of 06Cr13Ni5Mo, and preparation electroslag smelting casting blade is pressedBase.
(1) utilize finite element analysis software, turbine blade is carried out to 3 D intelligent expansion, by water wheelsMachine blade generate is positive is plane, the back side blade mold pressing pressed compact that is curved surface, determine blade pressed compact outsideOverall size, the about 350mm of length, maximum is wide is 220mm, maximum ga(u)ge is 65mm, minimum thickDegree is 13mm.
(2) selection of crystallizer, the separate assembling crystallizer of copper steel welding, and crystallizer can splitDismounting, the crystallizer that inner chamber is copper plate, the water seam width of copper steel welding crystallizer internal cavity plate and gussetFor 33mm, crystallizer internal cavity copper coin is the preparation of metal hot bending+machined manufacturing process.
(3), in conjunction with blade pressed compact crystallizer internal cavity size, prepare blade pressed compact conformal consutrode, choosingWith packing ratio be 0.33, the consutrode of preparation is sand casting conformal electrode.
(4) electroslag casting process process:
1. slag system and quantity of slag proportioning, CaF2：65％、Al2O3：25％、MgO：3％、CaO：7％，Quantity of slag weight is 8.5% of blade pressed compact weight, and thickness of slag layer is 45% of crystallizer equivalent diameter.
2. adopt the solid slag starting the arc, starting the arc material chemical composition is taking mass percent as TiO2：55％、CaF2：50%, MgO:5%; Between electrode and end water tank, place a signal supervisory instrument, by detectingElectrode and starting the arc material Contact, potential change between electrode and end water tank, has detected consutrodeCompress and be connected with water cooled bottom plate, by electrode decrease speed is controlled, starting the arc material is not pressedBroken or top partially, finally slag starting the arc success rate 100% admittedly
3. power supply parameter is selected: according to the geometric parameter of casting dimension, electrode and crystallizer and smelterSkill, determines that founding voltage 55V, electric current are 6500A.
4. in the feeding phase, first normal current is at the uniform velocity reduced to minimum feeding electric current in 6 minutes,Keep 4 minutes; Again minimum feeding electric current was at the uniform velocity elevated in 4 minutes to normal fusion casting current75%, 6 times repeatedly, the highest each fusion casting current is all last time 75% of the highest fusion casting current,Be reduced to zero latter 1 time.
(5) blade pressed compact Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing, by the electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compact heating after devaningTo 870 DEG C, be incubated after 5 hours, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
By electroslag casting process, there is the crystallizer of setting shape to be shaped, prepare blade pressed compact blank.After testing, chemical composition is: C:0.048%, Si:0.58%, Mn:0.95%, P:0.035%,S：0.025％、Cr：12.5％、Ni：4.83％、Mo：0.59％、Cu：0.24％、V：0.05％、W:0.09%, N:0.015%, H:0.0003%, O:0.0076%, surplus is Fe.
After conventional heat treatment, the mechanical property of pressed compact is RP0.2/610Mpa，Rm/805Mpa，A/24％，Z/49％，KV2/137J。
Comparative example 2 chooses different electroslag casting process and has prepared blade the same manner as in Example 1,Corresponding technique is as follows:
(1) slag system and quantity of slag proportioning, CaF2：65％、Al2O3：25％、MgO：3％、CaO：7%, quantity of slag weight is 8.5% of blade pressed compact weight, and thickness of slag layer is 45 of crystallizer equivalent diameter％。
(2) selection of crystallizer, the separate assembling crystallizer of copper steel welding, and crystallizer can splitDismounting, the crystallizer that inner chamber is copper plate, the water seam width of copper steel welding crystallizer internal cavity plate and gussetFor 35mm, crystallizer internal cavity copper coin is the preparation of metal hot bending+machined manufacturing process.
(3), in conjunction with blade pressed compact crystallizer internal cavity size, prepare blade pressed compact conformal consutrode, choosingWith packing ratio be 0.46, the consutrode of preparation is sand casting conformal electrode.
(4) electroslag casting process process:
1. slag system and quantity of slag proportioning, CaF2：65％、Al2O3：25％、MgO：3％、CaO：7％，Quantity of slag weight is 8.5% of blade pressed compact weight, and thickness of slag layer is 45% of crystallizer equivalent diameter.
2. adopt the melt cinder starting the arc, starting the arc material chemical composition is taking mass percent as TiO2：45％、CaF2：53％、MgO：2％。
3. power supply parameter is selected: according to the geometric parameter of casting dimension, electrode and crystallizer and smelterSkill, determines that founding voltage 45V, electric current are 4500A.
4. in the feeding phase, first normal current is at the uniform velocity reduced to minimum feeding electric current in 2 minutes,Keep 6 minutes; Again minimum feeding electric current was at the uniform velocity elevated in 3 minutes to normal fusion casting current60%, 3 times repeatedly, the highest each fusion casting current is all last time 60% of the highest fusion casting current,Be reduced to zero latter 1 time.
(5) blade pressed compact Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing, by the electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compact heating after devaningTo 700 DEG C, be incubated after 2 hours, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
By electroslag casting process, there is the crystallizer of setting shape to be shaped, prepare blade pressed compact blank.After testing, chemical composition is: C:0.041%, Si:0.58%, Mn:0.95%, P:0.035%,S：0.025％、Cr：12.5％、Ni：4.83％、Mo：0.59％、Cu：0.24％、V：0.05％、W:0.09%, N:0.018%, H:0.0004%, O:0.0083%, surplus is Fe.
After conventional heat treatment, the mechanical property of pressed compact is RP0.2/550Mpa，Rm/732Mpa，A/14％，Z/33％，KV2/76J。
By contrasting two kinds of 06Cr13Ni5Mo martensitic stain less steel blade pressed compact chemistry under different processComposition and mechanical property are known, the blade pressed compact of selecting electroslag casting process parameter of the present invention to prepareChemical composition and mechanical property reach and higher than GB/T6967-2009 requirement, melt and work as the electroslag of choosingCasting process parameter is outside scheme of the present invention time, the material degree of purity variation of blade pressed compact, and mechanicsPoor-performing, part index number can not meet GB/T6967-2009 requirement.
Embodiment 2:
Choosing material is the martensitic stain less steel blade of 06Cr13Ni4Mo, and preparation electroslag smelting casting blade is pressedBase.
(1) utilize finite element analysis software, turbine blade is carried out to 3 D intelligent expansion, by water wheelsMachine blade generate is positive is plane, the back side blade mold pressing pressed compact that is curved surface, determine blade pressed compact outsideOverall size, the about 500mm of length, maximum is wide is 300mm, maximum ga(u)ge is 80mm, minimum thickDegree is 15mm.
(2) selection of crystallizer, the separate assembling crystallizer of copper steel welding, and crystallizer can splitDismounting, the water seam width of copper steel welding crystallizer internal cavity plate and gusset is 20mm, crystallizer internal cavity copper coinFor the preparation of metal hot bending+machined manufacturing process.
(3), in conjunction with blade pressed compact crystallizer internal cavity size, prepare blade pressed compact conformal consutrode, choosingWith packing ratio be 0.3, the consutrode of preparation is sand casting conformal electrode.
(4) electroslag casting process process:
1. slag system and quantity of slag proportioning, CaF2：65％、Al2O3：30％、MgO：3％、CaO：2％，Quantity of slag weight is 8% of blade pressed compact weight, and thickness of slag layer is 40% of crystallizer equivalent diameter.
2. adopt the solid slag starting the arc, starting the arc material chemical composition is taking mass percent as TiO2：45％、CaF2：53%, MgO:2%; Between electrode and end water tank, place a signal supervisory instrument, by detectingElectrode and starting the arc material Contact, potential change between electrode and end water tank, has detected consutrodeCompress and be connected with water cooled bottom plate, then electrode decrease speed is controlled, starting the arc material is not crushedOr top partially, finally consolidate slag starting the arc success rate 100%.
3. power supply parameter is selected: according to the geometric parameter of casting dimension, electrode and crystallizer and smelterSkill, determines that founding voltage 60V, electric current are 7500A.
4. in the feeding phase, first normal current is at the uniform velocity reduced to minimum feeding electric current in 4 minutes,Keep 3 minutes; Again minimum feeding electric current was at the uniform velocity elevated in 2 minutes to normal fusion casting current70%, 5 times repeatedly, the highest each fusion casting current is all last time 70% of the highest fusion casting current,Be reduced to zero latter 1 time.
(5) blade pressed compact Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing: by the electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compact heating after devaningTo 850 DEG C, be incubated after 4 hours, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
By electroslag casting process, there is the crystallizer of setting shape to be shaped, prepare blade pressed compact blank.After testing, chemical composition is: C:0.05%, Si:0.55%, Mn:0.9%, P:0.0.03%, S: 0.021％、Cr：11.5％、Ni：3.8％、Mo：0.6％、Cu：0.19％、V：0.19％、W：0.05%, N:0.012%, H:0.0001%, O:0.0075%, surplus is Fe.
After conventional heat treatment, the mechanical property of pressed compact is RP0.2/600Mpa，Rm/825Mpa，A/25％，Z/60％，KV2/105J。
Embodiment 3:
Choosing material is the martensitic stain less steel blade of 06Cr16Ni5Mo, preparation electroslag smelting casting X-shaped leafSheet pressed compact.
(1) according to turbine blade 3 D intelligent development size, determine the outer profile size of blade pressed compact,The about 800mm of length of blade, maximum is wide is 500mm, maximum ga(u)ge is 150mm, minimum thickness 30mm.
(2) selection of crystallizer, all aluminium alloy separate assembling crystallizer, and crystallizer can be torn open in splitUnload, the water seam width of crystallizer internal cavity plate and gusset is 30mm, and crystallizer internal cavity is cast moulding methodPreparation
(3), in conjunction with blade pressed compact crystallizer internal cavity size, prepare blade pressed compact conformal consutrode, choosingWith packing ratio be 0.41, the consutrode of preparation is steel plate butt welding electrode.
(4) electroslag casting process process:
1. slag system and quantity of slag proportioning, CaF2：58％、Al2O3：34％、MgO：6％、CaO：2％，Quantity of slag weight is 12% of blade pressed compact weight, and thickness of slag layer is 51% of crystallizer equivalent diameter.
2. adopt the melt cinder starting the arc, starting the arc material chemical composition is taking mass percent as TiO2：48％、CaF2：50％、MgO：2％。
3. power supply parameter is selected: according to the geometric parameter of casting dimension, electrode and crystallizer and smelterSkill, determines that founding voltage 80V, electric current are 9600A.
4. in the feeding phase, first normal current is at the uniform velocity reduced to minimum feeding electric current in 6 minutes,Keep 3 minutes; Again minimum feeding electric current was at the uniform velocity elevated in 5 minutes to normal fusion casting current80%, 7 times repeatedly, the highest each fusion casting current is all last time 80% of the highest fusion casting current,Be reduced to zero latter 1 time.
(5) blade pressed compact Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing: by the electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compact heating after devaningTo 880 DEG C, be incubated after 4.5 hours, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
By electroslag casting process, there is the crystallizer of setting shape to be shaped, prepare blade pressed compact blank.After testing, chemical composition is: C:0.042%, Si:0.53%, Mn:0.68%, P:0.026%,S：0.019％、Cr：16.5％、Ni：5.7％、Mo：0.79％、Cu：0.15％、V：0.07％、W:0.04%, N:0.011%, H:0.0002%, O:0.0071%, surplus is Fe.
After conventional heat treatment, the mechanical property of pressed compact is RP0.2/648Mpa，Rm/819Mpa，A/26％，Z/59％，KV2/128J。
Embodiment 4:
Choosing material is the martensitic stain less steel blade of 04Cr13Ni4Mo, and preparation electroslag smelting casting blade is pressedBase.
(1) according to turbine blade 3 D intelligent development size, determine the outer profile size of blade pressed compact,The about 350mm of length, maximum is wide is 165mm, and maximum ga(u)ge is 56mm, and minimum thickness is 12mm.
(2) selection of crystallizer, the separate assembling crystallizer of copper steel welding, and crystallizer can splitDismounting, the crystallizer that inner chamber is copper plate, the water seam width of copper steel welding crystallizer internal cavity plate and gussetFor 24mm, crystallizer internal cavity copper coin is the preparation of metal hot bending+machined manufacturing process.
(3), in conjunction with blade pressed compact crystallizer internal cavity size, prepare blade pressed compact conformal consutrode, choosingWith packing ratio be 0.33, the consutrode of preparation is steel plate butt welding electrode.
(4) electroslag casting process process:
1. slag system and quantity of slag proportioning, CaF2：60％、Al2O3：25％、MgO：10％、CaO：5%, quantity of slag weight is 12% of blade pressed compact weight, and thickness of slag layer is 55 of crystallizer equivalent diameter％。
2. adopt the solid slag starting the arc, starting the arc material chemical composition is taking mass percent as TiO2：52％、CaF2：44%, MgO:4%; Between electrode and end water tank, place a signal supervisory instrument, by detectingElectrode and starting the arc material Contact, potential change between electrode and end water tank, has detected consutrodeCompress and be also connected with water cooled bottom plate, electrode decrease speed is controlled, starting the arc material not crushed orSlag starting the arc success rate 99% partially, is finally consolidated in top
3. power supply parameter is selected: according to the geometric parameter of casting dimension, electrode and crystallizer and smelterSkill, determines that founding voltage 50V, electric current are 5500A.
4. in the feeding phase, first normal current is at the uniform velocity reduced to minimum feeding electric current in 7 minutes,Keep 2 minutes; Again minimum feeding electric current was at the uniform velocity elevated in 5 minutes to normal fusion casting current80%, 5 times repeatedly, the highest each fusion casting current is all last time 80% of the highest fusion casting current,Be reduced to zero latter 1 time.
(5) blade pressed compact Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing: by the electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compact heating after devaningTo 865 DEG C, be incubated after 5.5 hours, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
By electroslag casting process, there is the crystallizer of setting shape to be shaped, prepare blade pressed compact blank.After testing, chemical composition is: C:0.02%, Si:0.52%, Mn:1.2%, P:0.019%, S:0.006％、Cr：12.8％、Ni：3.8％、Mo：0.64％、Cu：0.12％、V：0.07％、W：0.11%, N:0.012%, H:0.0002%, O:0.0068%, surplus is Fe.
After conventional heat treatment, the mechanical property of pressed compact is RP0.2/708Mpa，Rm/845Mpa，A/28％，Z/55％，KV2/152J。
Embodiment 5:
Choosing material is the martensitic stain less steel blade of 04Cr13Ni5Mo, and preparation electroslag smelting casting blade is pressedBase.
(1) according to turbine blade 3 D intelligent development size, determine the outer profile size of blade pressed compact,The about 1246mm of length, maximum is wide is 878mm, and maximum ga(u)ge is 152mm, and minimum thickness is 31mm.
(2) selection of crystallizer, the separate assembling crystallizer of copper steel welding, and crystallizer can splitDismounting, the crystallizer that inner chamber is copper plate, the water seam width of copper steel welding crystallizer internal cavity plate and gussetFor 25mm, crystallizer internal cavity copper coin is the preparation of metal hot bending+machined manufacturing process.
(3), in conjunction with blade pressed compact crystallizer internal cavity size, prepare blade pressed compact conformal consutrode, choosingWith packing ratio be 0.45, the consutrode of preparation is steel plate butt welding electrode.
(4) electroslag casting process process:
1. slag system and quantity of slag proportioning, CaF2：65％、Al2O3：25％、MgO：6％、CaO：4％，Quantity of slag weight is 12% of blade pressed compact weight, and thickness of slag layer is 55% of crystallizer equivalent diameter.
2. adopt the melt cinder starting the arc, starting the arc material chemical composition is taking mass percent as TiO2：50％、CaF2：47％、MgO：3％。
3. power supply parameter is selected: according to the geometric parameter of casting dimension, electrode and crystallizer and smelterSkill, determines that founding voltage 95V, electric current are 14500A.
4. in the feeding phase, first normal current is at the uniform velocity reduced to minimum feeding electric current in 8 minutes,Keep 2 minutes; Again minimum feeding electric current was at the uniform velocity elevated in 3 minutes to normal fusion casting current90%, 8 times repeatedly, the highest each fusion casting current is all last time 90% of the highest fusion casting current,Be reduced to zero latter 1 time.
(5) blade pressed compact Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing: by the electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compact heating after devaningTo 830 DEG C, be incubated after 4 hours, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
By electroslag casting process, there is the crystallizer of setting shape to be shaped, prepare blade pressed compact blank.After testing, chemical composition is: C:0.018%, Si:0.54%, Mn:1.26%, P:0.016%,S：0.007％、Cr：11.8％、Ni：5.83％、Mo：0.79％、Cu：0.19％、V：0.04％、W:0.03%, N:0.009%, H:0.0065%, O:0.0001%, surplus is Fe.
After conventional heat treatment, the mechanical property of pressed compact is RP0.2/718Mpa，Rm/823Mpa，A/23％，Z/73％，KV2/168J。
Above-described embodiment is only explanation technical conceive of the present invention and feature, and its object is to allow is familiar with thisThe personage of item technology can understand content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the present invention with thisProtection domain. All equivalences that Spirit Essence is done according to the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed inWithin protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an electroslag smelting casting manufacture method for turbine blade pressed compact, according to the three-dimensional intelligence of turbine bladeCan determine blade pressed compact appearance profile by development size, make electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compact crystallizer, consumableElectrode, by optimizing electroslag casting process, Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing, finally prepares qualified electricitySlag founding blade pressed compact, is characterized in that, described electroslag casting process concrete steps are as follows:
(1), slag system and quantity of slag control: electroslag smelting casting slag system main component is mass percent: CaF2：55～65％、Al2O3: 25～35%, require to add MgO, CaO to form according to actual alloy refiningPolynary slag system, its addition is not higher than 15% of slag system gross mass, and thickness of slag layer is that crystallizer equivalence is straight40～60% of footpath;
(2), Igniting pattern: adopt solid slag or the melt cinder starting the arc, starting the arc material chemical composition mass percentFor: TiO2：40～55％、CaF2: 40～58%, MgO:2～5%; In the time adopting the solid slag starting the arc,Between electrode and end water tank, place a signal supervisory instrument, contact with starting the arc material by detecting electrodeMoment, the variation of current potential between electrode and end water tank, can detect whether consutrode has compressed and withWater cooled bottom plate is connected, and electrode decrease speed is controlled, and ensures that starting the arc material is not crushed or top is inclined to one side;
(3), power supply parameter is selected: Control of Voltage at 50～110V, Current Control 5500～18000A；
(4), feeding: adopt interruption feeding mode to carry out feeding; In the feeding phase, first at 3～8 pointsIn clock, normal current is at the uniform velocity reduced to minimum feeding electric current, keeps 2～5 minutes, then by minimum feedingElectric current was at the uniform velocity elevated to 70～90% of normal fusion casting current in 2～5 minutes, and 5～8 times so repeatedly,The highest each fusion casting current is all last time 70～90% of the highest fusion casting current, is reduced to for last 1 timeZero.
2. according to the electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact described in claim 1, its featureBe: the crystallizer that electroslag smelting casting adopts is the separate assembling crystallizer of full aluminium or copper steel welding, knotBrilliant device can split be dismantled, keep in repair; Wherein full crystalline aluminophosphate equipment matter is ZL114A, crystallizer internal cavity plate withThe water seam width of gusset is 25～40mm, and crystallizer internal cavity is cast moulding method preparation; Copper steel weldingCrystallizer is taking crystallizer exocoel and gusset as carbon steel sheet, the crystallizer that inner chamber is copper plate, copper steel welderingThe water seam width that connects crystallizer inner cavity plate and gusset is 15～35mm, and crystallizer internal cavity copper coin is metal feverCurved+machined manufacturing process preparation.
3. according to the electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact described in claim 1, its featureBe: consutrode used is sand casting electrode or steel plate butt welding electrode, in conjunction with the crystallization of blade pressed compactDevice inner cavity size, prepares blade pressed compact conformal consutrode, and the packing ratio of selecting is 0.3～0.45.
4. according to the electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact described in claim 1, its featureBe, blade pressed compact Anti-cracking Technology for Heating Processing is: by the electroslag smelting casting blade pressed compact heating after devaningTo 800～900 DEG C, be incubated after 4～6 hours, cool to room temperature with the furnace.
5. according to the electroslag smelting casting manufacture method of turbine blade pressed compact described in claim 1, its featureBe: described turbine blade pressed compact alloy is steel alloy 20SiMn; Low Carbon Martensite Stainless Steel06Cr13Ni4Mo, 06Cr13Ni5Mo or 06Cr16Ni5Mo; Mo ultralow-carbon martensitic stainless steel04Cr13Ni4Mo、04Cr13Ni5Mo。
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| CN107876739B (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2023-06-30 | 沈阳市盛华特种铸造有限公司 | Method for directly forming three-dimensional curved surface blade of water turbine runner through electroslag casting |
| CN109355510A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-02-19 | 淄博秦鼎昌特钢科技有限公司 | The dedicated slag system of electroslag remelting mould steel and its device used |
| CN111136217B (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2021-09-21 | 无锡灵通新材料有限公司 | Casting process of generator impeller |
| CN111496190B (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-10-15 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Module structure of pouring triple-block-casting directional solidification hollow guide vane |
| CN114643346B (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2023-08-18 | 沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | Multi-element premelting slag for electroslag casting and preparation method and application thereof |
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Denomination of invention: A Method for Manufacturing Hydraulic Turbine Blade Blanks by Electroslag Melting Casting Effective date of registration: 20231113 Granted publication date: 20160525 Pledgee: China Construction Bank Corporation Shenyang Tiexi Branch Pledgor: Shenyang Foundry Research Institute Co., Ltd. of China National Machinery Research Institute Group Registration number: Y2023210000280 |
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