CN100591438C - Method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot Download PDFInfo
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- CN100591438C CN100591438C CN200810010341A CN200810010341A CN100591438C CN 100591438 C CN100591438 C CN 100591438C CN 200810010341 A CN200810010341 A CN 200810010341A CN 200810010341 A CN200810010341 A CN 200810010341A CN 100591438 C CN100591438 C CN 100591438C
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low segregation large steel-ingot manufacturing technology, in particular to a low segregation large steel-ingot manufacturing method. The invention is suitable to the manufacture of sand mould and metal mould large steel-ingot of all specifications and all materials. In the process of large steel-ingot casting, steel balls are poured into the steel-ingot and the weightof the poured steel balls is 1 percent to 10 percent of the weight of the steel-ingot. When the steel water in the steel-ingot cavity increases to one third to half of the steel-ingot height, steel balls are successively and evenly poured until the steel water increases to the riser. Meanwhile, the steel balls evenly scatter on the surface of the steel water. In the process of casting, argon is adopted for protection. The control of the key processing parameters of the poured steel ball guarantees the quality of low segregation large steel-ingot. The low segregation large steel-ingot manufacturing technology adopts the method of external nucleation particles to increase the nucleation particles in the steel ingot and speed up the cooling of steel-ingot, thus getting low segregation steel-ingot with even ingredients and fine tissue. The external nucleation particles are steel balls similar to the steel-ingot ingredients. No casting defect appears in the steel balls and the surface is finish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the low-segregation large-sized steel ingot manufacturing technology, specifically a kind of method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot.The present invention is applicable to the sand mold of all specifications, all materials and the large-scale steel ingot manufacturing of metal mold.
Background technology
The process of setting of large-scale steel ingot is very very long, according to steel ingot tonnage difference, can be not wait in tens hours to up to a hundred hours, the solute reallocation fully, cause low melting point, low-density elements such as carbon, phosphorus in the solidification front enrichment, add other physical process, as the influence of thermosolutal convection etc., make steel ingot zones of different uneven chemical components, final set regional organization is thick.To the subsequent treatment of steel ingot normally: to steel ingot chop off the head (top) truncate (bottom), only get middle part composition uniform parts, this has seriously influenced the utilization rate of steel ingot.
Metallurgical researcher is being studied the formation mechanism of steel ingot gross segregation in recent decades always, with and control measure.Though obtaining certain progress aspect the segregation formation mechanism, as the segregation type, determining of segregation position etc. made slow progress aspect the segregation control measure, almost do not have effective measures can fundamentally suppress gross segregation.
The present invention gains enlightenment from the casting process of hollow steel ingot: because centre and the outer wall of hollow steel ingot cool off simultaneously, make the setting time of hollow steel ingot compare with solid steel ingot highly with same diameter and significantly reduce; The result that the shortening setting time is brought is (comparing with the solid steel ingot of height with same diameter): mechanical performance improves, grain refinement, and carbon, phosphorus gross segregation degree descend greatly.It is exactly to be based upon on the basis of shortening the ingot solidification time that the present invention controls the ingotism method, promptly from the steel ball of steel ingot top rising head to a certain amount of proper composition of the inner interpolation of steel ingot, to reach the methods for cooling of casting hollow steel ingot, reduce the setting time of steel ingot, thereby reduce the gross segregation of low melting point, low-density constituent element in the steel ingot.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot, to solve the large-scale steel ingot uneven chemical components, crystal grain is thick, " A " type of low melting point, low-density element (C, P etc.) and the gross segregation of " V " type, problems such as the steel ingot utilization rate is low, thus produce the uniform low-segregation large-sized steel ingot of chemical composition.Adopt advanced smelting technique, fast cooling technology, improved material heterogeneous microstructure and macro-mechanical property.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The present invention has developed method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot, comprises the steps:
1) in the ingot steel casting process, in steel ingot, add steel ball, the steel ball addition is 1%～10% of a steel ingot weight;
2) steel ball inside does not have casting flaw, any surface finish, and composition and steel ingot composition are approaching;
3) steel ball size 1～10mm;
4) the steel ball preheat temperature is more than 500 ℃;
5) when molten steel rises in the steel ingot die cavity during, begin to add steel ball to steel ingot height 1/3～1/2;
6) steel ball falls the distance of starting point from molten steel surface maintenance 200～300mm, evenly adds steel ball continuously, arrives rising head until molten steel rises.
The weight of steel ball that the present invention adds is preferably the steel ingot blank and (does not comprise running gate system, but comprise rising head) weight 3%～10%: steel ball is a cold-extrusion shaping, and its inside does not have shrinkage cavity, loose, does not contain gas and field trash, any surface finish does not contain any antirust agent or other greasy dirt; Steel ball composition and steel ingot composition are approaching, and wherein C content (is generally 10%～20%) than steel ingot is low more than 10%, and P and S content are lower than 0.01%, and other compositions are identical; Each steel ingot adds the steel ball size unification and is preferably arbitrary numerical value within 5～10mm scope; Steel ball carries out even preheating in heat-treatment furnace, the steel ball final temperature is not less than 500 ℃.
The present invention down adds steel ball from the steel ingot rising head in the steel ingot die cavity, steel ball intersperses among molten steel surface equably, adopts argon shield in the casting process.
The specification limit of the large-scale steel ingot described in the present invention is: 5 tons～400 tons various ratio of height to diameters and various material steel ingot.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. technological design of the present invention is reasonable; improved the large-scale steel ingot utilization rate; in casting process, adopted argon for protecting pouring; having reduced secondary oxidation is mingled with and rolls up defectives such as gas; reduced the steel ingot defective; by to adding the control of steel ball key process parameter, guaranteed the quality of low-segregation large-sized steel ingot.
2. the present invention uses rational smelting process to improve the molten steel degree of purity, adopt and reasonably add the quick process for cooling of steel ball, make the steel ingot chemical composition even, structure refinement, improved the steel ingot serviceability greatly, thereby fully realized refinement, the homogenising of material, significantly alleviated steel ingot top normal segregation, bottom negative segregation, " A " type and the gross segregation of " V " type, the intensity and the toughness of steel ingot all are improved.
3. the present invention is applicable to the manufacturing of various materials and tonnage low-segregation large-sized steel ingot.The low-segregation large-sized steel ingot that utilizes the present invention to produce has high-performance, high stock utilization, characteristics cheaply, is easy to obtain customer acceptance, because market potential is huge, in case be widely adopted, the output value more than tens yuan will be arranged.
4. to add the forming core particle be the steel ball approaching with the steel ingot composition in the present invention, and steel ball inside does not have casting flaw, any surface finish.Employing adds the method for external forming core particle, increases the forming core particle of steel ingot inside, the cooling velocity of quickening steel ingot, thereby the acquisition composition is even, the low segregation steel ingot of structure refinement.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 gross segregation in large-sized steel ingot schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 steel ball figure;
Fig. 3 steel ingot intermediate cross-section overall sulfur impression;
The sampling schematic diagram of Fig. 4 steel ingot intermediate cross-section metallographic specimen;
Fig. 5 (a)-Fig. 5 (d) is each position metallograph of steel ingot intermediate cross-section among Fig. 4; Fig. 5 (a) is 31 positions; Fig. 5 (b) is 32 positions; Fig. 5 (c) is 33 positions; Fig. 5 (d) is 34 positions.
Fig. 6 process schematic representation of the present invention;
Fig. 7 does not add the intermediate cross-section overall sulfur impression of the same model steel ingot of steel ball.
The specific embodiment
Low-segregation large-sized steel ingot manufacturing process of the present invention is as follows:
1, gross segregation is prevalent in the steel ingot of various materials and tonnage, as shown in Figure 1, gross segregation comprises: normal segregation band VI, steel ingot top normal segregation (rising head segregation IV), bottom negative segregation (negative segregation sedimentary pile III), middle part " V " type normal segregation II and " A " type normal segregation I on every side.The formation reason of gross segregation mainly is the ingot solidification overlong time, and its segregation degree of steel ingot that tonnage is big more is big more, and this gross segregation can not be eliminated by Technology for Heating Processing.By to an amount of low temperature steel ball of the inner adding of steel ingot, can accelerate the setting rate of the inner molten steel of steel ingot effectively, suppress heat-solute free convection that steel ingot inside directly causes gross segregation to form, thereby reach the purpose of control ingotism.The addition of steel ball on the one hand can not be too big, otherwise can cause that a large amount of steel balls do not melt, and in the inner casting flaw that forms other of steel ingot, as pore, is mingled with etc.; Addition can not be too little on the other hand, otherwise solidifying of steel ingot cut little ice.The present invention fits the optimum addition that obtains on the basis of experiment at a large amount of computer moulds: 3%～10% of steel ingot blank (not comprising running gate system) weight.Steel ball inside does not allow to exist casting flaw, as pore, and field trash etc., otherwise bring external defective can for the steel ingot body.Steel ball is preferably made by cold extrusion, and the surface does not apply any antirust agent, packs, anti-oxidation.Steel ball chemical composition and steel ingot composition are approaching, in order to avoid cause unnecessary material modification.Steel ball size can not be too big, otherwise the steel ball falling speed is too fast, and its cooling effect concentrates on the steel ingot bottom, aggravates steel ingot bottom negative segregation on the contrary, and to not playing inhibitory action in steel ingot middle part and top normal segregation; Steel ball size can not be too little, otherwise steel ball can't drop to the steel ingot middle and lower part, can only concentrate cooling steel ingot top, can not play the effect that suppresses segregation equally; The present invention calculates and experimental verification through a large amount of, and steel ball size 5～10mm is an optimum value.Steel ball as shown in Figure 2.
2, steel ball must first preheating, otherwise steel ball can cause bubble when falling in molten steel, cause the inner generation of steel ingot pore.Steel ball after preheating molten steel rises in the steel ingot die cavity o'clock could add to steel ingot height 1/3～1/2.Joining day, too early steel ball can only be concentrated cooling steel ingot bottom; Joining day, steel ball can not drop to the middle and lower part of steel ingot too late, can only cool off steel ingot and emit notch portion, caused steel ingot to be scrapped.By hand or mechanical means add steel ball in the steel ingot die cavity, the beginning setting point that requires steel ball on the one hand and molten steel surface keep the distance of 200～300mm, in order to avoid the steel ball falling speed falls flat too soon or too slowly.After beginning to add steel ball, keep steel ball continuously to add as far as possible, steel ball should be dispersed evenly to molten steel surface; Steel ball adds speed (kg/s) should not be too big, should guarantee when molten steel rises arrives the steel ingot rising head, and steel ball adds and finishes.The addition initial and final stage that adds steel ball is less, and the interstage addition is bigger.
3, produce the main technologic parameters of low-segregation large-sized steel ingot: add steel ball in (1) steel ingot, the steel ball addition is 3%～10% of a steel ingot weight; (2) steel ball inside does not have casting flaw, any surface finish, and composition and steel ingot composition are approaching; (3) steel ball size 1～10mm; (4) the steel ball preheat temperature is more than 500 ℃; (5) when molten steel rises in the steel ingot die cavity during, begin to add steel ball to steel ingot height 1/3～1/2; (6) steel ball falls the distance of starting point from molten steel surface maintenance 200～300mm, evenly adds steel ball continuously, arrives rising head until molten steel rises.
Process program sketch of the present invention as shown in Figure 6,1 for adding the steel ball funnel; 2 is steel ball; 3 is thermal-insulating covering agent; 4 is insulating riser sleeve; 5 is the steel ingot die cavity; 6 is molten steel; 7 is ingot mould; 8 is insulated feeder.Its primary structure is as follows: ingot mould 7 tops are provided with the insulating riser sleeve 4 that forms insulated feeder 8, and the steel ingot die cavity 5 top relative set in the ingot mould 7 are used to add the interpolation steel ball funnel 1 of steel ball 2, and thermal-insulating covering agent 3 is spread on molten steel 6 surfaces behind casting complete.
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples in detail the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 6, the steel ingot rising head adopts insulated feeder; Molten steel high temperature is come out of the stove, and tapping temperature is 1620 ℃, 5 tons of casting of molten metal weight, 90 seconds durations of pouring, turn over the bag cast, 1590 ℃ of pouring temperatures, cast is applying argon gas in die cavity before, pours into a mould under argon shield, by weight percentage, the steel ingot composition of present embodiment is: C 0.451%, and Si 0.24%, and Mn 0.64%, P 0.019%, and S 0.01%, and Cr 0.072%, Mo 0.013%, and Ni 0.04%, the Fe surplus; Above rising head, be ready to the steel ball of preheating before the cast, when molten metal rises to steel ingot die cavity height 1/3, beginning down slowly adds steel ball equably from rising head in the steel ingot die cavity, steel ball intersperses among molten steel surface equably, steel ball falls starting point keeps 200mm from molten steel surface distance, rise to the rising head position up to the molten metal surface, the steel ball addition is 5% (do not comprise running gate system, but comprise rising head) of steel ingot weight.After cast finishes, fill thermal-insulating covering agent in the rising head top; Ingot steel casting finishes back 8 hours shake outs.Keep its as-cast condition to carry out sufur printing and low power metallographic test behind the shake out.
In the present embodiment, it is 5～8mm that institute adds steel ball size, and steel ball is a cold-extrusion shaping, and its inside does not have casting flaw, any surface finish; Steel ball composition and steel ingot composition are approaching, and steel ball C content is lower by 20% than steel ingot, and P and S content are respectively 0.008% and 0.009%, and other compositions are identical.Steel ball carries out even preheating in heat-treatment furnace, 600 ℃ of steel ball final temperatures.
The sufur printing result of the test as shown in Figure 3, the various segregation degree of the inner carbon of No. 45 straight carbon steel steel ingots of as cast condition obviously reduce.Wherein, " V " of steel ingot middle part though the type carbon segregation still can recognize, not obvious; " A " type carbon segregation of steel ingot boundary can not be recognized; The carbon normal segregation at steel ingot top still exists, but compares with the bottom, and both are more or less the same at carbon content; Steel ingot bottom carbon negative segregation is little, exists the steel ball that fraction does not melt fully in addition, but there is not seam interface in fusion fully between steel ball and the steel ingot, does not influence the use of steel ingot.
As shown in Figure 4, metallographic specimen is got at each typical position in the steel ingot intermediate cross-section.Wherein, " V " type segregation place (it is numbered 32) may appear in the steel ingot middle part, 100mm place (it is numbered 31), " V " type segregation below may appear in steel ingot, 100mm place (it is numbered 33), " V " type segregation top may appear in steel ingot, and " A " type segregation place (it is numbered 34) may appear in the steel ingot border.By Fig. 5 (a) as seen, 31 position crystal grain are less, and crystallite dimension is that crystal boundary is clear below the 1mm, and the intragranular ferrite is few.According to ferrite and pearlite proportion, the carbon content of 31 positions is not less than 0.45%wt, and hence one can see that, and steel ingot does not form negative segregation in this position.By Fig. 5 (b) as seen, the crystallite dimension of 32 positions is below the 1mm, and the intragranular ferrite is more than 31 positions, accounts for about 45% of whole crystal grain quantity, is the steel ingot design mix; But whole 32 positions do not exist tangible intragranular to lack the ferrite zone, that is to say, in this position, steel ingot does not form the segregation of " V " type.By Fig. 5 (c) as seen, more preceding two positions of 33 position crystallite dimensions are big, and for about 2mm, the intragranular ferrite lacks than 31 positions, so this position carbon content is higher, have normal segregation to a certain degree.By Fig. 5 (d) as seen, on 34 positions, the steel ingot border is thin equi-axed crystal, mainly is made of ferrite, and about the about 1mm of its thickness, and the crystal grain that links to each other with the steel ingot boundary layer obviously increases, and crystallite dimension is about 2mm, intragranular disperse distribution a little ferrite; The structural state in 550mm zone that extends to steel ingot inside from the steel ingot edge is identical, and the ferrite mark and 31 and 33 positions at this position are more or less the same simultaneously.In sum, the carbon content of whole steel ingot intermediate cross-section distributes and is more or less the same, and that is to say that the carbon segregation degree of whole steel ingot is little, and the cooling effect of steel ball is a decisive factor.
Adopt following technology: applying argon gas in the die cavity before (1) cast, reduce secondary oxidation.(2) use insulated feeder and thermal-insulating covering agent simultaneously, reduce steel ingot shrinkage cavity, rarefaction defect as far as possible.(3) rising head place, steel ingot upper end shrinkage cavity defect, defective all within allowance, belongs to and can remove defective.
Comparative example
Difference from Example 1 is:
5 tons of casting of molten metal weight, 60 seconds durations of pouring, 1595 ℃ of pouring temperatures do not add any steel ball in casting process, and cast finishes rising head place, back and adds thermal-insulating covering agent; Ingot steel casting finishes back 8.5 hours shake outs.Keep its as-cast condition to carry out sufur printing and low power metallographic test behind the shake out.As shown in Figure 7, the intermediate cross-section of not adding the steel ingot of steel ball exists " A " type and the segregation of " V " type clearly, and there is significant difference in steel ingot top and bottom carbon content.
Embodiment 2
Difference from Example 1 is:
By weight percentage, the steel ingot composition of present embodiment is: C 0.40%, and Si 0.20%, and Mn 0.44%, and P 0.015%, and S 0.01%, and Cr 0.062%, and Mo 0.010%, and Ni 0.02%, the Fe surplus.As shown in Figure 6, the steel ingot rising head adopts insulated feeder; Molten steel high temperature is come out of the stove; tapping temperature is 1605 ℃; 5 tons of casting of molten metal weight; 90 seconds durations of pouring; turn over the bag cast; 1580 ℃ of pouring temperatures, cast be applying argon gas in die cavity before, pours into a mould under argon shield; above rising head, be ready to the steel ball of preheating before the cast; when molten metal rose to steel ingot die cavity height 1/3, beginning down slowly added steel ball equably from rising head in the steel ingot die cavity, and steel ball intersperses among molten steel surface equably; steel ball falls starting point keeps 300mm from molten steel surface distance; rise to the rising head position up to the molten metal surface, the steel ball addition is 3% (do not comprise running gate system, but comprise rising head) of steel ingot weight.After cast finishes, fill thermal-insulating covering agent in the rising head top; Ingot steel casting finishes back 9 hours shake outs.Keep its as-cast condition to carry out sufur printing and low power metallographic test behind the shake out.
In the present embodiment, it is 3～6mm that institute adds steel ball size, and steel ball is a cold-extrusion shaping, and its inside does not have casting flaw, any surface finish; Steel ball composition and steel ingot composition are approaching, and steel ball C content is lower by 15% than steel ingot, and P and S content are respectively 0.010% and 0.006%, and other compositions are identical.Steel ball carries out even preheating in heat-treatment furnace, 500 ℃ of steel ball final temperatures.
Embodiment 3
Difference from Example 1 is:
By weight percentage, the steel ingot composition of present embodiment is: C 0.20%, and Si 0.26%, and Mn 0.40%, and P 0.010%, and S 0.009%, and Cr 0.042%, and Mo 0.012%, and Ni 0.025%, the Fe surplus.As shown in Figure 6, the steel ingot rising head adopts insulated feeder; Molten steel high temperature is come out of the stove, and tapping temperature is 1615 ℃, and 5 tons of casting of molten metal weight are turned over the bag cast 90 seconds durations of pouring, 1585 ℃ of pouring temperatures, and cast is applying argon gas in die cavity before, pours into a mould under argon shield; Above rising head, be ready to the steel ball of preheating before the cast, when molten metal rises to steel ingot die cavity height 1/3, beginning down slowly adds steel ball equably from rising head in the steel ingot die cavity, steel ball intersperses among molten steel surface equably, steel ball falls starting point keeps 240mm from molten steel surface distance, rise to the rising head position up to the molten metal surface, the steel ball addition is 10% (do not comprise running gate system, but comprise rising head) of steel ingot weight.After cast finishes, fill thermal-insulating covering agent in the rising head top; Ingot steel casting finishes back 8 hours shake outs.Keep its as-cast condition to carry out sufur printing and low power metallographic test behind the shake out.
In the present embodiment, it is 8～10mm that institute adds steel ball size, and steel ball is a cold-extrusion shaping, and its inside does not have casting flaw, any surface finish; Steel ball composition and steel ingot composition are approaching, and steel ball C content is lower by 25% than steel ingot, and P and S content are respectively 0.006% and 0.004%, and other compositions are identical.Steel ball carries out even preheating in heat-treatment furnace, 800 ℃ of steel ball final temperatures.
Adopt following technology: applying argon gas in the die cavity before (1) cast, reduce secondary oxidation.(2) use insulated feeder and thermal-insulating covering agent simultaneously, reduce steel ingot shrinkage cavity, rarefaction defect as far as possible.(3) rising head place, steel ingot upper end shrinkage cavity defect, defective all within allowance, belongs to and can remove defective.
Embodiment result shows, utilizes the present invention to carry out the casting of low-segregation large-sized steel ingot, in casting process, adopts argon shield, has reduced volume gas and secondary oxidation and has been mingled with; Adopt suitable steel ball addition, adding speed, preheat temperature, steel ball size effectively cools off steel ingot inside, suppresses the generation of macrotype ingot aliquation to a great extent.
The course of work of the present invention and result:
In casting process, carry out argon shield because the present invention adopts, guaranteed the pure of molten metal; Utilization adds the similar component steel ball steel ingot interior metal liquid is effectively cooled off, greatly reduce the segregation degree of steel ingot, has produced each position composition uniformly without any the high-performance large-scale steel ingot of defective.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot is characterized in that: in the large-scale steel ingot casting process, add steel ball in steel ingot, the steel ball addition is 1%～10% of a steel ingot weight.
2, according to the described method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot of claim 1, it is characterized in that:, begin to add steel ball when molten steel rises in the steel ingot die cavity during to steel ingot height 1/3～1/2.
3, according to the described method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot of claim 1, it is characterized in that: steel ball falls the distance of starting point from molten steel surface maintenance 200～300mm, evenly adds steel ball continuously, arrives rising head until molten steel rises.
4, according to the described method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot of claim 1, it is characterized in that: it is arbitrary numerical value within 1～10mm scope that each steel ingot adds the steel ball size unification.
5, according to the described method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot of claim 1, it is characterized in that: steel ball is a cold-extrusion shaping, and its inside does not have casting flaw, any surface finish.
6, according to the described method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot of claim 1, it is characterized in that: steel ball composition and steel ingot composition are approaching, and wherein C content is lower by 10%～20% than steel ingot, and P and S content are lower than 0.01%.
7, according to the described method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot of claim 1, it is characterized in that: down add steel ball in the steel ingot die cavity from rising head, steel ball intersperses among molten steel surface equably.
8, according to the described method for manufacturing low segregation large-scale steel ingot of claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt argon shield in the casting process.
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| CN102166632B (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-12-05 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Casting method of large-scale steel ingot |
| WO2013154129A1 (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2013-10-17 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Wire rod, steel wire using same, and billet |
| CN103350219B (en) * | 2013-07-03 | 2015-07-01 | 上海交通大学 | Casting method for reducing macroscopic segregation of cast ingot |
| CN104259441B (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2017-04-19 | 辽宁科技大学 | Method for casting large-sized steel ingot with internally arranged cold core and top arranged electromagnetic field |
| CN114722626A (en) * | 2022-04-24 | 2022-07-08 | 上海交通大学 | Prediction simulation method for macrosegregation and precipitated inclusions in ingot |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2579558Y (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2003-10-15 | 宝钢集团上海五钢有限公司 | Full closed argon gas protective casting device for molten steel die casting |
| JP2005138113A (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2005-06-02 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Method for casting ingot for bonding wire and bonding wire produced by using the method |
| CN1984735A (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2007-06-20 | 铸造中心控股有限公司 | Ingot casting apparatus and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2579558Y (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2003-10-15 | 宝钢集团上海五钢有限公司 | Full closed argon gas protective casting device for molten steel die casting |
| JP2005138113A (en) * | 2003-11-04 | 2005-06-02 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Method for casting ingot for bonding wire and bonding wire produced by using the method |
| CN1984735A (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2007-06-20 | 铸造中心控股有限公司 | Ingot casting apparatus and method |
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