CN104161115B - Eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies raw - Google Patents
Eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies raw Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses one and eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies raw, its preparation method is: first by plants essential oil after porous starch embedding, with propolis, shitosan, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are porous carrier, by the porous-starch mixture embedded with newly to add plants essential oil be that core carries out secondary embedding, then with the micropore of glucose and wheat Self-raising flour material shutoff sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose sol surface, after mixture solidified after vacuum drying, at surface sprinkling plants essential oil and absolute ethyl alcohol, solid-liquid-gas three phase three grades of self set-up type antistaling agents are made after vacuum packaging.This antistaling agent defines the release mode of self set-up type that the solid-liquid-gas three phase gradated three grades that one is gaseous state by liquid conversion by solid state transformed liquid state again discharges in whole application process, and easy to use, fresh-keeping effect is obvious.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vegetable fresh-keeping processing technology field, relate to one and eat sweet potato stem leaf biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase two-stage self set-up type shelf preservative specially raw.
Background technology
Ipomoea batatas belongs to Convolvulaceae Ipomoea batatas and belongs to, and is commonly called as Ipomoea batatas, sweet potato, sweet potato, yam, pachyrhizus, sweet potato, red taro, sweet potato etc.Sweet potato stem leaf contains multiple bioactive ingredients, can as treatment by Chinese herbs various diseases.Sweet potato stem leaf strong stress resistance, wide adaptability, pollution are less, output is high, growth is fast, and furthermore disease and pest is less, and Pesticide use amount is very low, are therefore comparatively ideal pollution-free vegetables.Ipomoea batatas has been listed in the row of anticancer vegetables by medical circle, and nutritionist praises it for " life prolonging food ".Sweet potato stem leaf is classified as the row of the summer vegetable be of high nutritive value by Vegetable Research center, Asia, and praises it for " vegetables queen ".The detection of China Preventive Medicial Science Institute shows, 13 kinds of vegetables such as sweet potato stem leaf and celery, wild cabbage, spinach, Chinese cabbage, rape, leek, cucumber, pumpkin, wax gourd, lettuce, eggplant, recklessly trailing plants b, tomato etc. are compared, in 14 kinds of nutritional labelings, protein, fat, heat, cellulose, carbohydrate, calcium, iron, phosphorus, carrotene, VC, VB
l, VB
6, 13 indexs such as nicotinic acid all rank first.
Sweet potato stem leaf is not only nutritious, and also has higher medical value.Ipomoea batatas stem apex is containing abundant mucus albumen, the fat deposition of cardiovascular system can be prevented, keep arterial vascular elasticity, be conducive to preventing coronary heart disease, the atrophy of connective tissue in liver and kidney can also be prevented simultaneously, keep the lubrication of alimentary canal, respiratory tract and articular cavity; Chemical substance containing some deoxidation epiandrosterones in sweet potato stem leaf, can prevent and treat colon cancer and breast cancer; Also containing high concentration caffeic acid derivative in sweet potato stem leaf, be considered to the important substance suppressing AIDS morbidity.Sweet potato stem leaf also has promotion gastrointestinal peristalsis, stimulate digestion, treatment constipation, promotes Cholesterol Excretion, and qi-restoratives benefit gas, spleen-invigorating and kidney-strengthening, beneficial lung promote the production of body fluid, improve looks, immunity moderation function, delay senility, stop blooding, defaecation diuresis, detoxify, prevent and treat the physiological functions such as yctalopia.
In recent years, along with improving constantly of living standards of the people, people's requirement that is diversified to food, that specialize is more and more higher, and the strategic direction of the current development of food industry of China is the alimentary health-care function of trophic function food, lay special stress on food.China produces sweet potato stem leaf more than about 100,000,000 tons per year, at present except little a part of pasture, all the other are all abandoned as discarded object, one of its reason is that sweet potato stem leaf is after harvesting, moisture is easy to loss, wherein serious with leaf water loss, and occur the situation of blade brown stain, more the economic loss brought of wide farmers is larger.Traditional chemical preservative rate of release is very fast, easily causes sweet potato stem leaf to injure, easily cause chemical residual, easily form microbial resistance when using of a specified duration when use amount is excessive, is not suitable for being applied to that to eat sweet potato stem leaf shelf raw fresh-keeping.
The present invention is main fresh-keeping composition with plants essential oil bactericide, with porous-starch, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose for porous carrier, and with the corresponding porous duct of the material shutoff of different performance, the antistaling agent be prepared from after twice embedding, vacuum drying and packaging.A large amount of biogenic gaseous state antistaling agents can be discharged fast after the use initial stage pricks hole, along with in packaging bag, water vapour progressively increases, the water-soluble tamper of sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose duct dissolves gradually, make the antistaling agent had cured be converted into liquid infiltrating through duct to be converted into gaseous state again and to be discharged in space, anaphase storage, ambient humidity raises again, the swelling material shitosan on porous-starch surface and propolis etc. absorb moisture content gradually and become swelling body, get through the passage on porous-starch surface, be again discharged in space in a gaseous form.This antistaling agent defines one in whole application process has liquid conversion to be the release mode of self set-up type that the solid-liquid-gas three phase gradated three grades of gaseous state discharges by solid state transformed liquid state again, and easy to use, fresh-keeping effect is obvious.The present invention, by carrying out Preservation Treatment to sweet potato stem leaf, after commercial package, not only meets the requirement that city dweller is diversified to food, specialize.Meanwhile, for increasing farmers' income and driving the development of other related industries, very great economic benefit and social benefit will be had.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides one and eat sweet potato stem leaf biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase two-stage self set-up type shelf preservative specially and preparation method thereof raw, sweet potato stem leaf is after harvesting, through using this biogenic preservative, the freshness date of sweet potato stem leaf can be extended, avoid nutritional labeling to run off fast, thus extend the shelf life of this product.
One eats sweet potato stem leaf biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase two-stage self set-up type shelf preservative specially raw, and its preparation method is:
Porous-starch 10g ~ 13g and 500mL water are joined in there-necked flask, start electric mixer to stir, 50min ~ 70min is stirred under the condition of rotating speed 1250r/min ~ 1500r/min, then Tween-20 0.6mL ~ 0.8mL and Tween-80 0.5mL ~ 0.6mL is added respectively, be after continuing to stir 30min ~ 50min under the condition of 2000r/min ~ 2200r/min at rotating speed, add lemon 0.3mL ~ 0.5mL respectively, clove oil 0.5mL ~ 0.8mL and Ipomoea batatas essence 0.6mL ~ 0.9mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 5mL ~ 15mL, continue to stir 90min ~ 120min under the condition of rotating speed 3000r/min ~ 3600r/min, then the glacial acetic acid of 0.8mL ~ 1.2mL will be added, the propolis of 0.2g ~ 0.4g and the shitosan of 1.0g ~ 1.2g, be after continuing to stir 100min ~ 150min under the condition of 3500r/min ~ 4000r/min at rotating speed, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 8g ~ 10g sodium alginate of 0.1g ~ 0.15g, continue to stir 150min ~ 180min under the condition of rotating speed 1500r/min ~ 2000r/min after, add cinnamon essential oil 1.6mL ~ 1.8mL respectively, Rosemary Oil 0.6mL ~ 0.8mL, Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL ~ 1.2mL and Agastache rugosa 0.3mL ~ 0.5mL, continue to stir 50min ~ 80min under the condition of rotating speed 800r/min ~ 1400r/min after, finally add glucose 6g ~ 8g, wheat Self-raising flour 8g ~ 12g, continue to stir 20min ~ 30min under the condition of rotating speed 800r/min ~ 1200r/min, with the Cacl of syringe by 30mL ~ 45mL2.0% in this whipping process
2dropwise adds, then 30min ~ 45min is solidified, taking out vacuum filtration is placed in 25 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C vacuum drying chambers, vacuum is take out after dry 36h ~ 48h under-0.090MPa ~-0.095MPa condition, evenly spray Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL ~ 1.2mL, cinnamon essential oil 0.6mL ~ 0.8mL, clove oil 0.4mL ~ 0.6mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 0.3mL ~ 0.5mL at particle surface, be after vacuum packaging in rapid quantitation loading small package bag after stirring and eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies raw.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: (1) natural plant extracts used in the present invention cinnamon essential oil, lemon, Rosemary Oil have very strong inhibition to the germ very easily occurred in postharvest fruit and vegetable storage, and do not have negative effect can not cause secondary pollution to it relative to other chemical synthesis antistaling agents to fruits and vegetables, be a kind of nontoxic, efficient, economic plant source fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent.(2), after first plants essential oil is embedded by porous-starch by the present invention, be first order release antistaling agent; Then with propolis, shitosan, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose for porous carrier, be that core carries out secondary embedding by the biogenic bactericide such as porous-starch mixture and the cinnamon essential oil newly added, Rosemary Oil, Ipomoea batatas essence and Agastache rugosa embedding biogenic preservative, again with the porous duct of water-soluble material shutoff propolis, shitosan, sodium alginate and the sodium carboxymethylcellulose sol surface such as glucose, wheat Self-raising flour, it is second level release antistaling agent; Mixture, after vacuum drying, sprays Ipomoea batatas essential oil, cinnamon essential oil, clove oil and absolute ethyl alcohol at particle surface, is third level release antistaling agent; Be prepared into after vacuum packaging and eat sweet potato stem leaf biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase two-stage self set-up type shelf preservative specially raw.(3) biogenic preservative of this antistaling agent particle surface progressively volatilizees and is stored in small package bag in storage, it is gaseous state antistaling agent that the self-starting of the formation first order transforms volatilization by the liquid biological source antistaling agent with solid-state being carrier, a large amount of biogenic gaseous state antistaling agents can be discharged fast after the use initial stage pricks hole, making to eat sweet potato stem leaf raw is in the gaseous state antistaling agent of high concentration fast, suppresses or kill the growth of microorganism on cauline leaf surface fast.Subsequently along with water vapour in packaging bag progressively increases, the water-soluble tamper glucose of sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose duct, wheat Self-raising flour dissolve gradually, open biogenic preservative that duct makes originally to have cured to be converted into liquid antistaling agent and to infiltrate gradually through duct and be converted into gaseous state antistaling agent again and be discharged in space, play fresh-keeping effect.Enter and eat sweet potato stem leaf anaphase storage raw, fruit enters the after-ripening stage, respiration is strengthened, ambient humidity raises again, the swelling material shitosan on porous-starch surface and propolis etc. absorb moisture content gradually and become and have very microporous swelling body, again the passage on porous-starch surface has been got through, the micropore of biogenic preservative on swelling body of original solid state is infiltrated with liquid state gradually, again be discharged in a gaseous form in space, thus in whole storage application process, define one have the liquid release mode being progressively converted into the self-starting biogenic preservatives of gradate three grades of releases of gaseous state again by solid state transformed liquid state, to adapt to the high-efficiency biological source antistaling agent eating sweet potato stem leaf shelf storage raw.(4) plants essential oil volatilization is fast and fresh keeping time that is that cause is short problem makes its deenergized period long and moderate concentration, be suitable for shelf fresh-keeping special, low temperature shelf storage is fresh-keeping eats Ipomoea batatas essential oil raw 15 days, and rotting rate is only 3%, contrast is 27%, and rotting rate reduces greatly.(5) the present invention biogenic plants essential oil is utilized porous-starch, sodium alginate etc. for carrier carry out embedding solidification after change the unborn physical aspect of essential oil to make it use extensively more convenient.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Porous-starch 11g and 500mL water are joined in there-necked flask, start electric mixer to stir, 55min is stirred under the condition of rotating speed 1250r/min, then Tween-20 0.6mL and Tween-80 0.5mL is added respectively, be after continuing to stir 40min under the condition of 2000r/min at rotating speed, add lemon 0.35mL respectively, clove oil 0.6mL and Ipomoea batatas essence 0.65mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 6mL, continue to stir 100min under the condition of rotating speed 3100r/min, then the glacial acetic acid of 1.0mL will be added, the propolis of 0.2g and the shitosan of 1.0g, be after continuing to stir 110min under the condition of 3500r/min at rotating speed, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the 9g sodium alginate of 0.1g, continue to stir 160min under the condition of rotating speed 1600r/min after, add cinnamon essential oil 1.6mL respectively, Rosemary Oil 0.6mL, Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL and Agastache rugosa 0.4mL, continue to stir 60min under the condition of rotating speed 900r/min after, finally add glucose 6g, wheat Self-raising flour 10g, continue to stir 20min under the condition of rotating speed 800r/min, with the Cacl of syringe by 35mL2.0% in this whipping process
2dropwise adds, then 40min is solidified, taking out vacuum filtration is placed in 25 DEG C of vacuum drying chambers, vacuum is for taking out after dry 42h under-0.090MPa condition, evenly spray Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL, cinnamon essential oil 0.7mL, clove oil 0.5mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 0.3mL at particle surface, be after vacuum packaging in rapid quantitation loading small package bag after stirring and eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies raw.
Embodiment 2
Porous-starch 13g and 500mL water are joined in there-necked flask, start electric mixer to stir, 70min is stirred under the condition of rotating speed 1400r/min, then Tween-20 0.8mL and Tween-80 0.6mL is added respectively, be after continuing to stir 35min under the condition of 2200r/min at rotating speed, add lemon 0.5mL respectively, clove oil 0.7mL and Ipomoea batatas essence 0.8mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 12mL, continue to stir 110min under the condition of rotating speed 3500r/min, then the glacial acetic acid of 1.1mL will be added, the propolis of 0.3g and the shitosan of 1.2g, be after continuing to stir 120min under the condition of 4000r/min at rotating speed, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose and the 10g sodium alginate of 0.13g, continue to stir 170min under the condition of rotating speed 1800r/min after, add cinnamon essential oil 1.8mL respectively, Rosemary Oil 0.8mL, Ipomoea batatas essence 1.1mL and Agastache rugosa 0.5mL, continue to stir 70min under the condition of rotating speed 1200r/min after, finally add glucose 8g, wheat Self-raising flour 12g, continue to stir 30min under the condition of rotating speed 1200r/min, with the Cacl of syringe by 45mL2.0% in this whipping process
2dropwise adds, then 32min is solidified, taking out vacuum filtration is placed in 27 DEG C of vacuum drying chambers, vacuum is for taking out after dry 38h under-0.095MPa condition, evenly spray Ipomoea batatas essence 1.2mL, cinnamon essential oil 0.8mL, clove oil 0.5mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 0.5mL at particle surface, be after vacuum packaging in rapid quantitation loading small package bag after stirring and eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies raw.
The antistaling agent of above-mentioned preparation is loaded in small package bag to make by the specification of 5g/ bag and eats the special fresh antistaling agent of the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf three grades of self set-up type shelf raw.The fresh sweet potato stem leaf of eating raw that picking 5kg is intact puts into the large preservative film of microwave, get 4 and packedly have the above-mentioned biogenic preservative small package bag prepared, after bundle upper and lower surface uses syringe needle 4 holes respectively, be placed in four angles of packaging bag respectively, to eat sweet potato stem leaf raw for contrast without intact fresh of the 5kg of this antistaling agent, then the sweet potato stem leaf fruit of process is proceeded to after precooling 24h ~ 28h at 3 DEG C ~ 5 DEG C temperature in 2 DEG C ~ 4 DEG C low temperature supermarket shelves cabinets and preserve after 15 days, eating the special fresh antistaling agent fruit poisoning rate of the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf three grades of self set-up type shelf raw with this is 0.8%, rotting rate is only 3%, and control sample rotting rate is 27%.
Eat the fresh keeping property of sweet potato stem leaf biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase two-stage self set-up type shelf preservative specially raw: be main fresh-keeping composition with plants essential oil bactericide, with porous-starch, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose are porous carrier, through twice embedding, and with the corresponding porous duct of the material shutoff of different performance, the antistaling agent such as plants essential oil and absolute ethyl alcohol is sprayed at particle surface after vacuum drying, a large amount of biogenic gaseous state antistaling agents can be discharged fast after hole is pricked in use initial stage external packing, subsequently, the water-soluble tamper of sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethylcellulose duct dissolves gradually, make the antistaling agent of solidification be converted into liquid penetrating through duct to be converted into gaseous state again and to be discharged in space, anaphase storage, the swelling material on porous-starch surface absorbs the passage that moisture content has got through porous-starch surface gradually, again be discharged in a gaseous form in space, in whole application process, define one has liquid conversion to be the release mode that the solid-liquid-gas three phase gradated of gaseous state divides three grades of self set-up types by solid state transformed liquid state again, fresh-keeping effect is obvious, easy to use, rate of release is suitable for, antistaling agent concentration is suitable, effect is lasting, the shelf being applicable to eat raw sweet potato stem leaf etc. are fresh-keeping.
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies raw, it is characterized in that, its preparation method is:
Porous-starch 10g ~ 13g and 500mL water are joined in there-necked flask, start electric mixer to stir, 50min ~ 70min is stirred under the condition of rotating speed 1250r/min ~ 1500r/min, then Tween-20 0.6mL ~ 0.8mL and Tween-80 0.5mL ~ 0.6mL is added respectively, be after continuing to stir 30min ~ 50min under the condition of 2000r/min ~ 2200r/min at rotating speed, add lemon 0.3mL ~ 0.5mL respectively, clove oil 0.5mL ~ 0.8mL and Ipomoea batatas essence 0.6mL ~ 0.9mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 5mL ~ 15mL, continue to stir 90min ~ 120min under the condition of rotating speed 3000r/min ~ 3600r/min, then the glacial acetic acid of 0.8mL ~ 1.2mL is added, the propolis of 0.2g ~ 0.4g and the shitosan of 1.0g ~ 1.2g, be after continuing to stir 100min ~ 150min under the condition of 3500r/min ~ 4000r/min at rotating speed, add sodium carboxymethylcellulose and 8g ~ 10g sodium alginate of 0.1g ~ 0.15g, continue to stir 150min ~ 180min under the condition of rotating speed 1500r/min ~ 2000r/min after, add cinnamon essential oil 1.6mL ~ 1.8mL respectively, Rosemary Oil 0.6mL ~ 0.8mL, Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL ~ 1.2mL and Agastache rugosa 0.3mL ~ 0.5mL, continue to stir 50min ~ 80min under the condition of rotating speed 800r/min ~ 1400r/min after, finally add glucose 6g ~ 8g, wheat Self-raising flour 8g ~ 12g, continue to stir 20min ~ 30min under the condition of rotating speed 800r/min ~ 1200r/min, with the Cacl of syringe by 30mL ~ 45mL2.0% in this whipping process
2dropwise adds, then 30min ~ 45min is solidified, taking out vacuum filtration is placed in 25 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C vacuum drying chambers, vacuum is take out after dry 36h ~ 48h under-0.090MPa ~-0.095MPa condition, evenly spray Ipomoea batatas essence 1.0mL ~ 1.2mL, cinnamon essential oil 0.6mL ~ 0.8mL, clove oil 0.4mL ~ 0.6mL and absolute ethyl alcohol 0.3mL ~ 0.5mL at particle surface, be after vacuum packaging in rapid quantitation loading small package bag after stirring and eat the biogenic solid-liquid-gas three phase of sweet potato stem leaf three grades of self set-up type shelf preservative speciallies raw.
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CN105010500B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2018-09-11 | 武汉天慧农产品加工有限公司 | A kind of physical fresh-keeping method of stem tuber agricultural products |
CN105230775B (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2019-01-01 | 通江古林银耳有限公司 | A kind of efficient fresh-keeping agent, preparation method and its preservation method of fresh tremella |
CN109007005A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-18 | 西华大学 | Photoinduction titanium dioxide multidigit point chelates the more microfacies fruit antistaling agents of silver zinc copper nanometer |
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