CN104153954A - Multi-mode tower-type solar thermal power generator - Google Patents
Multi-mode tower-type solar thermal power generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN104153954A CN104153954A CN201310180471.0A CN201310180471A CN104153954A CN 104153954 A CN104153954 A CN 104153954A CN 201310180471 A CN201310180471 A CN 201310180471A CN 104153954 A CN104153954 A CN 104153954A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
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Abstract
The invention provides a multi-mode tower-type solar thermal power generating device. A special ceramic solar energy receiver is adopted, quicksand is used for replacing heat transferring and storing media such as heat-conducting oil and fused salt, and supercritical carbon diode Bretton thermal power generation can be achieved by means of sensible heat and high-temperature radiation carried by the quicksand. On the basis of innovating the fused salt heat storing technology, the power generating device complements the technologies of organic Rinkine thermal power generation, lithium bromide air-conditioning, biomass energy and the like, and a bold attempt is made in the aspects of reducing the cooling water and the cost, prolonging power generation hours and expanding the use range, the technological base is laid for replacing fossil energy power generation finally. The device belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation.
Description
Technical field
Multi-mode tower type solar energy thermal power generation device of the present invention is taken into account different heat transfer mediums, adopt the solar receiver of innovation, keeping in the technical foundation of fused salt heat accumulation, increased and biological energy complementary technology, reduce cooling water, while reducing costs, extending generating, in number, expansion using scope, all having larger technological break-through.This device belongs to solar energy thermal-power-generating technical field.
Background technique
The most outstanding advantage of the hot generation technology of brayton cycle is that system conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is high, and mainly adopting air, helium, carbon dioxide gas is power working medium, and provides high temperature heat to move by fuel oil, combustion gas, nuclear energy, solar energy.Clearly, this technology is not only in fuel gas generation, nuclear power field but also also will have good application prospect in solar energy thermal-power-generating field.US Patent No. 7685820 " supercritical carbon dioxide concentrating solar power generation system device " has described in detail by fused salt heat exchanging and has adopted supercritical carbon dioxide gas to construct as the device of power working medium, this patent is, on traditional solar molten salt heat storage and exchange basis, the hot generation technology of Lang Ken cyclic steam is simply replaced with to overcritical brayton cycle dynamic power, and the Chinese patent families of this patent is 200710306179.3.The identical U.S. Patent application US2012216536A1 of patent changes two tank storage heat for single tank storage heat therewith.US Patent No. 4479353A utilizes solid particle heat accumulation and heat transfer to realize the generating of Lang Ken vapor recycle; that identical with it is patent US8109265B1; attempt to obtain high temperature air heat exchange driving brayton cycle thermal electric generator again by solid particle; with this patent be similarly Chinese patent 200910090284.7 " solid sphere flux heat absorber for solar thermal power generation "; its defect is that the solid particle of customization becomes freely falling body to decline in optical radiation environment, and thermal absorptivity is obviously low.In fact, what early propose overcritical brayton cycle power technology to apply in solar energy thermal-power-generating field is BeiJing, China polytechnical university, is secondly first tower type solar energy thermal power generation station of China that adopted brayton cycle principle to set up in development zone, Nanjing of China Jiangning in 2005.This power station is made heat-transfer working medium by solar energy cavity type receiver with air, be aided with rock gas and small size gas turbine and taken the lead in realizing the thermal electric generator that utilizes solar energy and the combination of brayton cycle technology, because cavity-type solar receiver entrance is too little, intake temperature is difficult to and the supporting the failure of an experiment that causes of combustion gas.Israel and Australian " Tulip " small-sized tower type solar energy thermal power generation Test item of implementing are actual is the continuation of this technology.The pipe type solar energy receiver that Chinese patent 201210418099.8 " the integrated tower solar energy thermal-power-generating device that adopts drift sand heat accumulation to conduct heat " is selected and traditional live steam and fused-salt medium receiver structurally there is no large difference, are close to identical with WO2013006630A2 patent.The common defects that they exist is that solar receiver is all to adopt metal comb directly to absorb heat, and has similar part with traditional fused salt solar heat absorber.The intrinsic defect of tower type solar energy thermal power generation is wind load resistant poor performance, the wind load of heliostat is directly proportional to area, area more strong wind carries also larger, therefore heliostat shake is more serious, directly cause thus solar receiver surface energy flux density to decline to a great extent, also can there is fluctuation in heat transfer medium temperature thereupon.Therefore, the intrinsic defect existing for overcoming tower type solar energy thermal power generation device, must innovate solar receiver, only maximizes favourable factors and minimizes unfavourable ones, just can give full play to tower type solar optically focused than the advantage high, temperature is high, for adopting the higher brayton cycle dynamic power pattern of efficiency to lay the foundation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to be the multimodal dynamic power technology of tower type solar energy thermal power generation Array selection, adopt brand-new solar receiver and heated structure and heat-transfer working medium, the complementation by different technologies and thermal energy step utilization realize light, heat, electric utilization ratio and maximize.The technical measures that the present invention takes mainly contain four, are first performance special cermacis heat absorption capacity and the high advantages of thermal conductivity, adopt multiple structure to solve the solar receiver problems such as insulation of absorbing heat, conduct heat, be heated; The 2nd, adopt the hot generation technology of brayton cycle, simplified construction, reduces manufacture cost as far as possible; The 3rd, tower type solar electricity generating device configures organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator or LiBr-Air-conditioner unit, realizes thermal energy step utilization; The 4th, tower type solar electricity generating device and biogas generating means is complementary, realize solar energy and biomass utilization maximizing efficiency.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
1, multi-mode tower type solar energy thermal power generation device comprises heliostat light-condensing array, solar energy receives tower, solar receiver, the thermal insulating material of metallic heat exchanging tube, catalyst converter, coating high temperature resistant heat insulation coating, power working medium, gas holder, gas fuel boiler, dynamic power device; Drift sand, drift sand heat exchanger, drift sand heat accumulation chamber, sand Control device, sand storage chamber, drift sand lifting device, drift sand fluid director; Be used for fixing the metal framework of solar receiver, light-condensing array and power generation control; Heat-storing device, weary gas heat exchanger; Air inlet/outlet; Air-cooling apparatus, organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator, LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Wherein drift sand fluid director, solar receiver, drift sand heat accumulation chamber, drift sand heat exchanger, sand storage chamber, drift sand lifting device are arranged in solar energy reception tower tower body; Solar receiver is positioned at solar energy and receives top of tower; Solar receiver upper end connects drift sand fluid director, and lower end connects drift sand heat accumulation chamber; Drift sand enters drift sand heat accumulation chamber through solar receiver heating is laggard, and lower end, drift sand heat accumulation chamber connects drift sand heat exchanger, and drift sand enters sand storage chamber through drift sand heat exchanger; Sand storage chamber arranges drift sand lifting device; Drift sand lifting device rises to by drift sand the drift sand fluid director that solar energy receives top of tower, again enters solar receiver complete heat transfer cycle through drift sand fluid director; Drift sand heat exchanger connects the dynamic power device with open type or the operation of Closed Brayton Power Cycle principle; The weary gas heat exchanger of dynamic power device by inside or condensation radiator connect organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator to be realized step and generates electricity, or air-cooling apparatus; Or directly substitute condensation radiator by LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Or catalyst converter is arranged in solar receiver, becoming the high-temperature catalytic device that solar energy chemistry is reformed, the synthetic gas of reformation output can store, and also can be used for brayton cycle generating; Heliostat light-condensing array receives tower around solar energy and arranges;
1) described solar receiver comprises ceramic shaped brick, applies the thermal insulating material of high temperature resistant heat insulation coating, and heat-exchange ceramic is used for fixing the metal framework of solar receiver, controls the control port of drift sand import and export amount and speed; The body of wall that is heated of being constructed by ceramic shaped brick absorbs light irradiation and transforms the gentle insulation effect of being heated of rushing of heat energy;
2) described ceramic shaped brick refers to by the special cermacis of heat-conducting property excellence as the shaped brick of the one-tenth cuboid of silicon carbide class pottery or silicon nitride class pottery or silica type pottery or alumina type pottery or aluminium nitride class ceramic material; Pottery shaped brick is in the face of heliostat light irradiation one side external surface deposition coating high temperature heat-resistant absorber coatings; Pottery shaped brick center makes drift sand pipeline; Drift sand pipeline be vertical or tilt cylindric; Or be rectangular drift sand pipeline, inner-walls of duct arranges heat conduction wing plate, or vertical or oblique arrangement; Cylinder type drift sand pipeline connects rear one-tenth " it " word shape up and down, and its effect is when drift sand declines, to slow down drift sand sinking speed, in order to increase drift sand thermal radiation amount; For ease of body of wall assembling, ceramic shaped brick left and right, upper and lower two ends are all set up and are convenient to integral plugged fixing connection falcon and falcon groove;
3) described heat-exchange ceramic is by the silicon carbide of heat-conducting property excellence or the stoneware pipe of silicon nitride or silica or aluminium oxide or aluminium nitride or boron nitride making, is arranged in the reserved pipeline of ceramic shaped brick; For ease of heat-exchange ceramic heat absorption and assembling, at ceramic shaped brick in the face of heliostat light irradiation face opening, its width or equal or be less than heat-exchange ceramic external diameter; Heat-exchange ceramic applies thermal absorption coating outward; Heat-exchange ceramic is straight tube or " it " word sigmoid pipe; Heat-exchange ceramic inwall arranges some projections or the recessed spiral line of rabbet joint or some fins; When assembling solar receiver, heat-exchange ceramic order is inserted in the reserved pipeline of ceramic shaped brick; Heat-exchange ceramic two ends arrange can corresponding spiral notch or the bayonet socket connecting;
4) described catalyst converter is for solar energy reforming biomass gas, carbon dioxide gas or water vapor; Catalyst converter comprises metal outer pipe, applies ceramic honey comb, the air inlet/outlet end cap of multiple catalyzing carrier; Catalyst converter inserts in ceramic shaped brick preserved pipeline, and catalyst converter is on solar receiver or in parallel or series connection;
5) at low latitudes, solar receiver is circumference setting at tower body top, and the ceramic shaped brick of installing for circumference has certain radian; In the slightly high area of latitude, solar receiver is arranged in the one side solar energy irradiation window of tower body top; The thermal insulating material that applies high temperature resistant heat insulation coating is close to the ceramic mould brick wall body back side, prevents that inner air and outer air convection current from playing thermal insulation function; The metal framework that is used for fixing solar receiver is arranged on the tower top that solar energy receives tower;
6) described drift sand is quartzy sand grains or glass microballoon or cullet sand grains or broken ceramic sand grains or metal bead or ceramsite sand or graphite granule or basalt sand grains, or heat conduction ball-aluminium oxide bead, or the glass of graphite, ceramic sand grains have been mixed; Desert drift sand; For improving the heat-absorption properties of above-mentioned sand grains, sand grains is done to Darkening process;
7) described drift sand heat exchanger is shell of pipe type or panel metal heat exchanger or silicon carbide ceramics heat exchanger; Drift sand heat exchanger is vertically placed on lower end, drift sand heat accumulation chamber; For guaranteeing that drift sand uniform-flow is through drift sand heat exchanger, drift sand heat exchanger drift sand entrance point becomes pot cover shape; For preventing that drift sand impingement flow alluvial gold from belonging to heat-exchanger pipeline weld port, with stupalith integral manufacturing or split, be spliced into the drift sand inlet end cap of corresponding one-tenth pot cover shape, cover and be sleeved on drift sand metal heat exchanger import upper end, each conduit entrance on end cap all becomes funnel form corresponding with each drift sand metal heat exchanger heat exchange mouth of pipe, prevents the impact wear of drift sand to drift sand heat exchanger metallic heat exchanging tube weld bond; Drift sand heat exchanger heat-exchange end connects dynamic power device; Drift sand flows into the sand storage chamber of below through drift sand heat exchanger; Drift sand heat exchanger metal heat transfer inner tube wall applies wear-resistant paint to increase the service life;
8) described drift sand heat accumulation chamber is the storeroom that has heat insulation function and store high temperature drift sand, and drift sand heat accumulation chamber is imported and exported sand Control device is all set, and controls the drift sand rate of outflow and flow;
9) described drift sand lifting device is comprised of power plant, metal bracelet, metal chain bucket and drift sand pipeline; Drift sand drives metal bracelet and metal chain bucket by drift sand pipeline, drift sand to be promoted to the drift sand fluid director at top by power plant after falling to entering sand storage chamber; Or electric hoist lifting device is set;
10) described dynamic power device is open type or Closed Brayton Power Cycle thermal electric generator, or Lang Ken cycling hot electricity generating device; Brayton cycle thermal electric generator comprises drift sand heat exchanger, afterburner, turbo machine, firing chamber, weary gas heat exchanger, gas compressor, generator, condensation radiator, gas reservoir; Air inlet/outlet; Power working medium; Preferably, when illumination is sufficient, compressed power Working medium gas heats up into supercritical gas through drift sand heat exchanger and enters turbo machine expansion acting, the weary gas of high temperature of discharging enters afterburner, through afterburner, enter condensation radiator, condensed power Working medium gas enters afterburner concurrent heating through gas compressor, and compressed and power Working medium gas concurrent heating enters drift sand heat exchanger again, realizes the hot power generation cycle of Bretton; When unglazed photograph or illumination are not enough, the conversion of power Working medium gas enters heat-storing device continuation maintenance generating state; Or open biogas valve and air intlet, make the hot power generation mode of open type brayton cycle thermal electric generator operating gas brayton cycle; After the weary gas of high temperature of discharging enters drift sand heat exchanger or heat-storing device heat release, be expelled to atmosphere, realize the double mode common operation of Bretton power cycle;
11) the condensation radiator condensation end on described dynamic power device is imported and exported the heat exchanger import and export that connect respectively organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator or LiBr-Air-conditioner unit, or substitutes condensation radiator completely as condensing heat-exchange terminal by LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Or at turbo machine air outlet end, weary gas heat exchanger is set specially and connects organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator, to realize solar energy cascade utilization;
12) described power working medium is air or carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen or nitrous oxide gas or helium or alkanes gas; Or biomass gasified gas, biogas; Or rock gas, combustible ice gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); Or Aalcohols fuel is as methyl alcohol, ethanol, dimethyl ether; Or fuel oil is as bavin gasoline, kerosene, heavy oil.
2, multi-mode tower type solar energy thermal power generation device comprises that heliostat light-condensing array, solar energy receive tower, solar receiver, power working medium, metallic heat exchanging tube, dynamic power device; Light-condensing array and power generation control, air-cooling apparatus, organic Lang Ken electricity generating device, LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Under this pattern, solar receiver connects dynamic power device; Compressed power working medium enters the dynamic power device expansion acting with the work of the overcritical brayton cycle principle of enclosed through the heat exchange of solar receiver metallic heat exchanging tube; Condensation radiator condensation one side on dynamic power device connects air-cooling apparatus or organic Rankine thermal electric generator; Heliostat light-condensing array receives tower around solar energy and arranges; This pattern is applicable to setting up small distributed power station;
1) described solar receiver comprises ceramic shaped brick, applies the thermal insulating material of high temperature resistant heat insulation coating, and metallic heat exchanging tube is used for fixing the metal framework of solar receiver; The key of this pattern is at ceramic shaped brick center plug-in mounting metallic heat exchanging tube; Mode has three kinds, and a kind of is that metallic heat exchanging tube is directly inserted in the pipeline of ceramic shaped brick; The second is to receive opening of light irradiation at ceramic shaped brick, and A/F is equal to or less than metallic heat exchanging tube external diameter; When assembling solar receiver by metallic heat exchanging tube order, be vertically inserted in the pipeline of ceramic shaped brick; The 3rd, metallic heat exchanging tube is made into the "the" shape shape corresponding with ceramic shaped brick pipeline and installs or insert ceramic shaped brick; Metallic heat exchanging tube adopts series connection or parallel way;
2) described metallic heat exchanging tube is high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant, corrosion resistant nickel base superalloy pipe, or selects ultra supercritical refractory alloy boiler tube; At metallic heat exchanging tube, apply thermal absorption coating outward; Inner tube wall arranges some projections or the recessed spiral line of rabbet joint or selection internal fin metal heat transfer pipe;
3) the thermal insulating material coating of described coating high temperature resistant heat insulation coating is fixed on the solar receiver pottery shaped brick back side, to reduce convection heat losses.
3, multi-mode tower type solar energy thermal power generation device comprises that heliostat light-condensing array, solar energy receive tower, solar receiver, light-condensing array and power generation control, drift sand heat exchanger, power working medium, heat-storing device, gas holder; Gas fuel boiler, open type or Closed Brayton Power Cycle thermal electric generator; Air intlet; Biogas generating means, organic Lang Ken electricity generating device, LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Select solar energy and biological energy complementary Bretton dynamic power technology, the one, biomass energy and drift sand heat transfer tower type solar energy thermal power generation technology complementation; The 2nd, biomass energy and tower type solar receiver direct heat transfer pattern are complementary; The 3rd, the generating of simultaneously doing work of solar energy and biomass energy; The 4th, close solar energy system, only rely on biomass power generation;
Selecting solar energy and biological energy complementary is to come from the objective facts such as renewable energy sources ubiquity is unstable, discontinuous, energy resource density is low, only has number in the time of could effectively extending generating by having complementary advantages, learning from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, the condition of creation technically and fossil energy competition; For the first situation, can select two kinds of technical measures, the one, set up separately a gas fuel boiler, gas pipeline connects the gas nozzle import of firing chamber; The heat-exchange end of gas fuel boiler and drift sand heat exchanger gas inlet and outlet end are connected in parallel; Or gas fuel boiler is connected between drift sand heat exchanger and turbo machine; The 2nd, brayton cycle thermal electric generator is improved, become integrated brayton cycle dynamic power device coaxial and open type combustion gas brayton cycle and the common acting of the overcritical brayton cycle of enclosed; Or according to the character of power working medium, open type brayton cycle heat is generated electricity and selected biogas, and the overcritical brayton cycle heat of enclosed generating preferential selection carbon dioxide gas or nitrous oxide gas are power working medium.The second situation, the outlet of the turbo machine suction port on brayton cycle thermal electric generator and afterburner is connected solar receiver to be imported and exported, gas fuel boiler parallel connection or connect that it is asked; Above-mentioned two situations are closed biogas valve as solar energy abundance, and solar energy is not enough or do not have illumination to close solar energy pipeline, opens biogas valve and gas fuel boiler; The third situation, have illumination but not bery abundance select the Dual-energy source generating of simultaneously doing work; The 4th kind of situation closed solar energy pipeline in the long-term deficiency of solar illuminating, relies on biogas generating completely; Biogas generating means gas outlet or gas holder gas outlet connect the gas nozzle import of brayton cycle turbine combustion chamber by control valve, or connect the import of gas fuel boiler gas nozzle; Gas fuel boiler exhaust mouth connects the drift sand import of drift sand heat exchanger, and the High Temperature Gas of gas fuel boiler burning enters drift sand heat exchanger through relief opening and provides thermal source for the overcritical Bretton dynamic power device of enclosed; Or gas fuel boiler exhaust mouth connection heat-storing device, after heat-storing device circulation heat release, drain into atmosphere.
1) for realizing thermal energy step utilization, the import and export of condensation radiator condensation one side on brayton cycle thermal electric generator connect organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator, or substitute condensation radiator completely as condensing heat-exchange terminal by LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Or at turbo machine air outlet end, weary gas heat exchanger being set specially, the weary gas that turbo machine is discharged enters afterburner through weary gas heat exchanger; The weary gas heat exchanger the other end connects organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator; Heat-storing device access heat power working medium circulation loop, the energy storage advantage of performance solar energy thermal-power-generating;
2) described power working medium is air or carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen or nitrous oxide gas or helium or alkanes gas; Or biomass gasified gas, biogas; Or rock gas, combustible ice gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); Or Aalcohols fuel is as methyl alcohol, ethanol, dimethyl ether; Or fuel oil is as bavin gasoline, kerosene, heavy oil;
3) described gas holder is for storing carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen or nitrous oxide gas or helium or alkanes gas; The air container of biomass gasified gas, biogas, rock gas, combustible ice gas; Or change liquid container into, store Aalcohols fuel or fuel oil;
4) described biogas generating means refers to gasification of biomass generating means, or biogas generating device; Or substitute with rock gas, liquefied petroleum gas supply device;
5), under solar energy and biogas complemental power-generation pattern, when illumination is sufficient, select the overcritical brayton cycle generating of solar energy; Unglazed photograph or heat accumulation temperature select during lower than certain value biogas in gas fuel boiler for power working medium provides external combustion high temperature heat source;
6) described dynamic power device is that open type combustion gas brayton cycle is coaxially closely connected with the overcritical brayton cycle of enclosed, the integrated brayton cycle dynamic power device of common acting, mainly comprises coaxial two groups of gas compressors, turbo machine for open type and enclosed operating mode; Afterburner, condenser arrange respectively or share one group; The overcritical brayton cycle of solar energy operation enclosed, biogas operation open type brayton cycle; Two kinds of brayton cycle airtight cutting apart, or coaxial clutch is set, both can jointly move, also can independent operating; Or arrange two and overlap independently brayton cycle thermal electric generator; A set of is open type combustion gas brayton cycle thermal electric generator, and another set of is the overcritical brayton cycle thermal electric generator of enclosed, and two cover brayton cycle thermal electric generators are independent operating respectively; When unglazed photograph, open open type combustion gas brayton cycle thermal electric generator and substitute the hot generator operation of overcritical brayton cycle; For making full use of gas thermal energy, the turbo machine of open type brayton cycle thermal electric generator outlet connects the drift sand conduit entrance of drift sand heat exchanger by afterburner, and the weary gas of high-temperature fuel gas need be via the drift sand row of conduits of drift sand heat exchanger to atmosphere; Or combustion gas turbine outlet connects heat-storing device by afterburner, by the process in heat-storing device heat release exhaust, provide thermal source for the overcritical brayton cycle of enclosed; Or adopting solar energy reforming biomass gas and carbon dioxide process technology, the synthetic gas of output supplies open type brayton cycle dynamic power through gas holder;
7) described air inlet/outlet aims at brayton cycle thermal electric generator and arranges when separately using biogas fuel gas generation; Adopt open type combustion gas brayton cycle generation mode to open air intlet; Adopt the hot generation mode of Closed Brayton Power Cycle to close air intlet;
8), in biogas Independent Power Generation pattern, select open type brayton cycle generation mode; After the air of gas compressor compression mixes with biogas, enter combustion chambers burn, combustion gas enters turbo machine expansion and does manual work; The weary gas of high temperature that turbo machine is discharged is directly sent into weary gas heat exchanger and is driven organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator through heat exchange after afterburner, then send outside LiBr-Air-conditioner unit discharge machine; Or the turbo machine weary gas of high temperature of discharging directly sends into LiBr-Air-conditioner unit after entering afterburner, through LiBr-Air-conditioner unit, drain into outside machine; Gas compressor enters afterburner, turbo machine by the rear order of air intlet air amount compression, starts new open type brayton cycle heat generating; Or open gas fuel boiler, by biogas or other power working medium, in gas fuel boiler, burn and provide thermal source for the overcritical brayton cycle thermal electric generator of enclosed;
9) described heat-storing device refers to fused salt heat-storing device or ceramic honeycomb heat-storing device, all adopts single tank storage thermal technology; Wherein fused salt heat-storing device comprises tank body, heat storage exchanger, heat exchanging tube, fused salt, solid heat-storage medium and container, transmission pipeline; Wherein heat storage exchanger is placed in tank body, adopts corrosion-resistant, high-temperature alloy metal, or special cermacis is made; The heat exchanging tube of heat storage exchanger is refractory alloy metal or special cermacis pipe; Heat exchanging tube is the finned thermoexcell of corrugated tube or pipe outside; Solid heat-storage medium and container are for reducing fused salt use amount, improving the setting of heat accumulation efficiency; Solid heat-storage medium is selected quartzy or glass or pottery or graphite, and fused salt forms heat-storage medium jointly; Solid heat vessel adopts special cermacis to make, and is cylindrical case, rectangular box body, and annular casing, solid heat vessel outer wall is established fused salt liquid opening hole, and hole diameter is limited to be less than solid heat-storage medium; Solid heat vessel and heat exchanging tube interlaced arrangement are conducive to forced heat exchanging effect; Ceramic honeycomb heat-storing device comprises tank body, ceramic honeycomb thermal accumulator body, heat exchanging tube; Heat exchanging tube one end is that the suction port the other end is air outlet; Ceramic honeycomb thermal accumulator body is mainly made by special cermacis, general porcelain, steinheilite, Mo Laishi, corundum-mullite, aluminium oxide, aluminium titanates, spodumene, sodium zirconium phosphate, zircon, zirconium pink fused alumina material; Ceramic honeycomb thermal accumulator body and heat exchanging tube are staggered, and guarantee that high temperature gas flow is unobstructed, and heat exchange efficiency is high; In ceramic honeycomb heat-storing device, also can fill fused salt; Heat-storing device or set up independently combustion gas cycle heat exchange pipeline for open type brayton cycle thermal electric generator.Heat-storing device is the exhaust of open type brayton cycle thermal electric generator, or sets up for the exhaust of gas fuel boiler high temperature the heat release exhaust duct that independently circulates.
The novel part of the present invention is, adopt drift sand extensive as its raw material sources of heat accumulation heat transfer medium, have the advantages that heat accumulation temperature is high, thermal resistance is little, the drawbacks such as to make spherical particle cost low than special, and the volumetric expansion, high-temperature gasification, the pressure that more do not exist heat-transfer working mediums such as being similar to DSG live steam, conduction oil, fused salt to exist are large, thermal loss is large and solidifying point is high; Pioneering solar receiver adopts special cermacis to be made into shaped brick, and the default drift sand pipeline of brick body self or special-purpose ceramic reinforced heat transfer pipe, or the measure such as clad metal heat exchange pipeline, further adapted to the peculiar high concentration ratio of tower type solar, high fluence density, but unstable, the inhomogeneous objective requirement of illumination.This improvement is to traditional tower type solar " cavate " receiver, sic foam air heat-absorbing device, metal calandria steam or molten salt receiver, and the breakthrough of the technology such as window formula Particle free falling bodies heat absorber; Next is to adopt special cermacis to construct the solar receiver body of wall that is heated, and can increase thermal radiation absorption area, reduces convection heat losses, is conducive to overcome the drawback that existing solid particle freely falling body receiver exists; Be to select the generating of overcritical brayton cycle heat again, and adopt biomass energy with its complemental power-generation, both retained the advantage of traditional overcritical brayton cycle heat generating, can further improve again generating efficiency; The 4th is to adopt low-cost single tank spring layer heat-storage technology, and heat storage can inner facility is improved, and can effectively reduce heat accumulation equipment construction cost.The 5th is to be applicable to the organic Rankine thermal electric generator connecting system of worst cold case, or LiBr-Air-conditioner unit connecting system instead of condensor is recycled to realize step High Efficiency Thermal.In a word, by new technologies such as the improvement of solar receiver and application complementation and heat accumulations, can effectively extend number while generating electricity, for realizing par generating, substitute fossil energy generating and create conditions.This device can be realized modular design and layout, can set up small-sized solar thermal power station, also can set up large-scale solar energy thermal power station.The tower type solar Lang Ken cyclic steam dynamic power device that the applicable equally fused salt of tower type solar receiver of the present invention is heat transfer medium.Complementary gas is also suitable for rock gas except biogas.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is tower type solar drift sand heat accumulation heat transfer generating schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is tower type solar Bretton heat generating schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the present invention's pottery shaped brick schematic diagram
Fig. 4 is the present invention's pottery shaped brick drift sand pipeline schematic diagram in a zigzag
Fig. 5 is the present invention's pottery shaped brick opening schematic diagram
Fig. 6 is the present invention's pottery drift sand heat exchanger end cap schematic diagram
Fig. 7 is the square runner schematic diagram of the present invention's pottery shaped brick
Fig. 8 is ceramic solar receiver schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 9 is the integrated open type of the present invention and Closed Brayton Power Cycle generating schematic diagram
Figure 10 is the complementary schematic diagram of solar energy of the present invention and gas fuel boiler
Wherein: 1 heliostat light-condensing array, 2 solar energy receive tower, 3 solar receivers, 4 drift sands, 5 drift sand fluid directors, 6 drift sand heat accumulation chambers, 7 drift sand pipelines, 8 sand storage chambers, 9 drift sand lifting devices, 10 metallic heat exchanging tubes, 11 ceramic shaped bricks, 12 heat-exchange ceramics, 13 brayton cycle thermal electric generators, 14 gas compressors, 15 afterburners, 16 drift sand heat exchangers, 17 condensation radiators, 18 organic Lang Ken thermal electric generators, 19 LiBr-Air-conditioner units, 20 thermal insulating materials, 21 drift sand end caps, 22 solar energy irradiation windows, 23 metal frameworks, 24 turbo machines, 25 air-cooling apparatuses, 26 biogas generating means, 27 gas holder, 28 falcon grooves, 29 weary gas heat exchangers, 30 heat-storing devices, 31 ceramic drift sand end caps, 32 sand Control devices, 33 ceramic shaped brick fins, 34 gas fuel boilers, 35 firing chambers
Embodiment
Scheme 1
Key of the present invention is to make solar receiver 3, solar receiver 3 matrixes become the shaped brick 11 with pipeline by ceramic making, for ease of solar receiver integral installation, in ceramic shaped brick 11 left and right and upper and lower two ends all set up and be convenient to integral plugged fixing connection falcon and falcon groove; At ceramic shaped brick 11 centers, drift sand pipeline 7 is set; Drift sand pipeline 7 has two kinds, and a kind of is that drift sand pipeline 7 is arranged in the middle of ceramic shaped brick 11; Drift sand pipeline 7 or vertical or be obliquely installed; The corresponding setting of pipeline opening of neighbouring ceramic shaped brick 11, ceramic shaped brick connects up and down rear drift sand pipeline and becomes " it " word shape; The second is, in the reserved pipeline of ceramic shaped brick 11, heat-exchange ceramic 12 or metallic heat exchanging tube 10 are installed; For being conducive to heat-exchange ceramic 12 heat absorption, at ceramic shaped brick 11, in the face of the end opening that heliostat light irradiation is heated, allow heat exchanging tube suitably expose, A/F or equal or be less than heat-exchange ceramic 12 or metallic heat exchanging tube 10 external diameters; Outside heat-exchange ceramic 12 or metallic heat exchanging tube 10 pipes, apply thermal absorption coating; When assembling solar receiver 3 by heat-exchange ceramic 12 or metallic heat exchanging tube 10 orders, be vertically inserted in the drift sand pipeline 7 of ceramic shaped brick 11; Heat-exchange ceramic 12 or metallic heat exchanging tube 10 are made into the curved shape corresponding with " it " word shape; Heat-exchange ceramic 12 two ends arrange and connect spiral notch or bayonet socket; Heat-exchange ceramic 12 or metallic heat exchanging tube 10 inwalls arrange some projections or the recessed spiral line of rabbet joint or fin.At low latitudes, solar receiver 3 is circumference setting at tower body top, and the ceramic shaped brick 11 of installing for circumference has certain radian; In the slightly high area of latitude, solar receiver 3 is arranged in the one side solar energy irradiation window 22 of tower body top; The thermal insulating material 20 that applies high temperature resistant heat insulation coating is close to the fixing ceramic shaped brick 11 body of wall back sides, prevents that inner air and outer air convection current from playing thermal insulation function; The metal framework that is used for fixing solar receiver 3 is arranged on the tower top that solar energy receives tower 2.
Drift sand fluid director 5, drift sand heat accumulation chamber 6, drift sand heat exchanger 16, sand storage chamber 8, drift sand lifting device 9 are arranged to solar energy to be received in tower 2 tower bodies; Solar receiver 3 is positioned at solar energy and receives tower 2 tops, and solar receiver 3 pipeline upper ends connect drift sand fluid director 5, and lower end connects drift sand heat accumulation chamber 6; Drift sand 4 enters drift sand heat accumulation chamber 6 through solar receiver 3 heating is laggard, and 6 lower ends, drift sand heat accumulation chamber connect 16 imports of drift sand heat exchanger, and drift sand 4 enters sand storage chamber 8 through drift sand heat exchanger 16; Sand storage chamber 8 arranges drift sand lifting device 9; Drift sand lifting device 9 rises to by drift sand 4 the drift sand fluid director 5 that solar energy receives tower 2 tops, again enters solar receiver 3 complete heat transfer cycle through drift sand fluid director 5.
The gas working medium of drift sand heat exchanger 16 is imported and exported and is connected respectively turbo machine 24 suction ports of dynamic power device 13 and the air outlet of afterburner 15 one end; Condensation radiator 17 condensation ends on dynamic power device 13 are imported and exported and are connected organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator 13, realize step generating; Or by LiBr-Air-conditioner machine, 19 directly substitute condensation radiator 17, and hot water or cold water are provided simultaneously; Heliostat light-condensing array 1 receives tower 2 around solar energy and arranges.
Scheme 2
Solar receiver 3 is carried out integrated design with brayton cycle thermal electric generator 13; Carbon dioxide gas directly enters metallic heat exchanging tube 10 heat exchange of solar receiver 3; Solar receiver 3 turnover ports connect respectively brayton cycle thermal electric generator 13 turbo machine 24 suction ports and afterburner 15 outlets; The import and export of condensation radiator 17 condensation one sides on brayton cycle thermal electric generator 13 connect air-cooling apparatus 25.
Scheme 3
The flow process of aforementioned two kinds of solar energy thermal-power-generating technological schemes and biogas complementation as: 15 outlets are connected drift sand heat exchanger 16 gas inlet and outlets to turbo machine 24 suction ports on brayton cycle thermal electric generator 13 with afterburner; The import and export of condensation radiator 17 condensation one sides on brayton cycle thermal electric generator 13 connect air-cooling apparatus 25 to be imported and exported, and biogas generating means 26 gas outlets or gas holder 27 gas outlets connect brayton cycle turbo machine 24 fuel gas inlet by control valve.
For another solar receiver 3 entrance ends, connect respectively brayton cycle thermal electric generator 13 turbo machine 24 suction ports and afterburner 15 outlets; Biogas generating means 26 or gas holder 27 gas outlets connect the fuel gas inlet of brayton cycle turbo machine 24.The import and export of condensation radiator 17 condensation one sides connect organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator 18, or connect LiBr-Air-conditioner unit, or air-cooler 25.
Scheme 4
In biogas Independent Power Generation pattern, biogas expand to be done manual work in turbo machine 24 firing chambers, and the high-temperature gas of discharge is directly sent into LiBr-Air-conditioner unit 19, through the gas of condensation, then drains into outside machine again through afterburner 15; The new air sucking enters gas compressor 14 and reenters afterburner 15 to the new brayton cycle heat generating of turbo machine 24 beginnings.
Scheme 5
Set up separately a gas fuel boiler 34, gas pipeline connects the gas nozzle import of firing chamber; The heat-exchange end of gas fuel boiler 34 and drift sand heat exchanger 16 gas inlet and outlet ends are connected in parallel; Or gas fuel boiler 34 is connected between drift sand heat exchanger 16 and turbo machine 24.
Scheme 6
15 outlets are connected solar receiver 3 import and export to turbo machine 24 suction ports on brayton cycle thermal electric generator 13 with afterburner, and 34 parallel connections of gas fuel boiler or series connection are therebetween; Above-mentioned two situations are closed biogas valve as solar energy abundance, and solar energy is not enough or do not have illumination to close solar energy pipeline, opens biogas valve.
Scheme 7
Brayton cycle thermal electric generator 13 is improved, become integrated brayton cycle dynamic power device 13 coaxial and open type combustion gas brayton cycle and the common acting of the overcritical brayton cycle of enclosed; According to the character of power working medium, biogas is selected the generating of open type brayton cycle, and overcritical power working medium is selected Closed Brayton Power Cycle generating, the weary gas outlet of biomass fuel gas turbine 24 in open type brayton cycle connects drift sand pipeline 7 imports of drift sand heat exchanger 16 by control valve, be that the weary gas of high-temperature fuel gas drains into sand storage chamber 8 or goes to atmosphere through the drift sand pipeline 7 of drift sand heat exchanger 16, simultaneously for the overcritical brayton cycle of enclosed provides thermal source.
Claims (3)
1. multi-mode tower type solar energy thermal power generation device comprises heliostat light-condensing array, solar energy receives tower, solar receiver, the thermal insulating material of metallic heat exchanging tube, catalyst converter, coating high temperature resistant heat insulation coating, power working medium, gas holder, gas fuel boiler, dynamic power device; Drift sand, drift sand heat exchanger, drift sand heat accumulation chamber, sand Control device, sand storage chamber, drift sand lifting device, drift sand fluid director; Be used for fixing the metal framework of solar receiver, light-condensing array and power generation control; Heat-storing device, weary gas heat exchanger; Air inlet/outlet; Air-cooling apparatus, organic Lang Ken electricity generating device, LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Wherein drift sand fluid director, solar receiver, drift sand heat accumulation chamber, drift sand heat exchanger, sand storage chamber, drift sand lifting device are arranged in solar energy reception tower tower body; Solar receiver is positioned at solar energy and receives top of tower; Solar receiver upper end connects drift sand fluid director, and lower end connects drift sand heat accumulation chamber; Drift sand enters drift sand heat accumulation chamber through solar receiver heating is laggard, and lower end, drift sand heat accumulation chamber connects drift sand heat exchanger, and drift sand enters sand storage chamber through drift sand heat exchanger; Sand storage chamber arranges drift sand lifting device; Drift sand lifting device rises to by drift sand the drift sand fluid director that solar energy receives top of tower, again enters solar receiver complete heat transfer cycle through drift sand fluid director; Drift sand heat exchanger connects the dynamic power device with open type or the operation of Closed Brayton Power Cycle principle; The weary gas heat exchanger of dynamic power device by inside or condensation radiator connect organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator to be realized step and generates electricity, or air-cooling apparatus; Or directly substitute condensation radiator by LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Catalyst converter is arranged in solar receiver, becomes the high-temperature catalytic device that solar energy chemistry is reformed, the synthetic gas of reformation output can store, and also can be used for brayton cycle generating; Heliostat light-condensing array receives tower around solar energy and arranges;
1) described solar receiver comprises ceramic shaped brick, applies the thermal insulating material of high temperature resistant heat insulation coating, and heat-exchange ceramic is used for fixing the metal framework of solar receiver, controls the control port that drift sand is imported and exported flow and speed; The solar receiver of being constructed by the ceramic shaped brick body of wall that is heated;
2) described ceramic shaped brick refers to by the special cermacis of heat-conducting property excellence as the shaped brick of the one-tenth cuboid of silicon carbide class pottery or silicon nitride class pottery or silica type pottery or alumina type pottery or aluminium nitride class ceramic material; Pottery shaped brick is in the face of heliostat light irradiation one side external surface deposition coating high temperature heat-resistant absorber coatings; Pottery shaped brick center makes drift sand pipeline; Drift sand pipeline is cylindrical conduit vertical or that tilt; Or be rectangular drift sand pipeline, inner-walls of duct arranges heat conduction wing plate, or vertical or oblique arrangement; The ceramic shaped brick drift sand pipeline after assembling up and down that is obliquely installed cylindrical shape drift sand pipeline becomes " it " word shape; For ease of body of wall assembling, ceramic shaped brick left and right, upper and lower two ends are all set up and are convenient to integral plugged fixing connection falcon and falcon groove;
3) described heat-exchange ceramic is by the silicon carbide of heat-conducting property excellence or the stoneware pipe of silicon nitride or silica or aluminium oxide or aluminium nitride or boron nitride making, is arranged in the pipeline of ceramic shaped brick; For ease of heat-exchange ceramic heat absorption and assembling, at ceramic shaped brick in the face of heliostat light irradiation face opening, its width or equal or be less than heat-exchange ceramic external diameter; Heat-exchange ceramic external sediment applies thermal absorption coating; Heat-exchange ceramic is straight tube or " it " word sigmoid pipe; Heat-exchange ceramic inwall arranges some projections or the recessed spiral line of rabbet joint or some fins; When assembling solar receiver, heat-exchange ceramic order is inserted in the reserved pipeline of ceramic shaped brick; Heat-exchange ceramic two ends arrange corresponding spiral notch or the bayonet socket connecting;
4) described catalyst converter is for solar energy reforming biomass gas, carbon dioxide gas or water vapor; Catalyst converter comprises metal outer pipe, applies ceramic honey comb, the air inlet/outlet end cap of multiple catalyzing carrier; Catalyst converter inserts in ceramic shaped brick preserved pipeline, and catalyst converter is on solar receiver or in parallel or series connection;
5) at low latitudes, solar receiver is circumference setting at tower body top, and the ceramic shaped brick of installing for circumference has certain radian; In the slightly high area of latitude, solar receiver is arranged in the one side solar energy irradiation window of tower body top; The thermal insulating material that applies high temperature resistant heat insulation coating is close to the ceramic mould brick wall body back side; The metal framework that is used for fixing solar receiver is arranged on the tower top that solar energy receives tower;
6) described drift sand is quartzy sand grains or glass microballoon or cullet sand grains or broken ceramic sand grains or metal bead or ceramsite sand or graphite granule or basalt sand grains, or heat conduction ball-aluminium oxide bead, or the glass of graphite, ceramic sand grains have been mixed; Desert drift sand; For improving the heat-absorption properties of above-mentioned sand grains, sand grains is done to Darkening process;
7) described drift sand heat exchanger is shell of pipe type or panel metal heat exchanger or silicon carbide ceramics heat exchanger; Drift sand heat exchanger is vertically placed on lower end, drift sand heat accumulation chamber; For guaranteeing that drift sand uniform-flow is through drift sand heat exchanger, drift sand heat exchanger drift sand entrance point becomes pot cover shape; For preventing that drift sand impingement flow alluvial gold from belonging to heat-exchanger pipeline weld port, with stupalith integral manufacturing or split, be spliced into the drift sand inlet end cap of corresponding one-tenth pot cover shape, cover and be sleeved on drift sand metal heat exchanger import upper end, each conduit entrance on end cap all becomes funnel form corresponding with each drift sand metal heat exchanger heat exchange mouth of pipe, prevents the impact wear of the husky metal heat exchanger metallic heat exchanging tube of drift sand convection current weld bond; Drift sand heat exchanger heat-exchange end connects dynamic power device; Drift sand flows into the sand storage chamber of below through drift sand heat exchanger; Drift sand heat exchanger metal heat transfer inner tube wall applies wear-resistant paint to increase the service life;
8) described drift sand heat accumulation chamber is the storeroom that has heat insulation function and store high temperature drift sand, and drift sand heat accumulation chamber is imported and exported sand Control device is all set, and controls the drift sand rate of outflow and flow;
9) described drift sand lifting device is comprised of power plant, metal bracelet, metal chain bucket and drift sand pipeline; Drift sand drives metal bracelet and metal chain bucket by drift sand pipeline, drift sand to be promoted to the drift sand fluid director at top by power plant after falling to entering sand storage chamber; Or electric hoist lifting device is set;
10) described dynamic power device is open type or Closed Brayton Power Cycle thermal electric generator, or Lang Ken cycling hot electricity generating device; Brayton cycle thermal electric generator comprises drift sand heat exchanger, afterburner, turbo machine, firing chamber, weary gas heat exchanger, gas compressor, generator, condensation radiator, gas reservoir; Air inlet/outlet; Power working medium; Preferably, when illumination is sufficient, compressed power Working medium gas heats up into supercritical gas through drift sand heat exchanger and enters turbo machine expansion acting, the weary gas of high temperature of discharging enters afterburner, through afterburner, enter condensation radiator, condensed power Working medium gas enters afterburner concurrent heating through gas compressor, and compressed and power Working medium gas concurrent heating enters drift sand heat exchanger again, realizes the hot power generation cycle of Bretton; When unglazed photograph or illumination are not enough, the conversion of power Working medium gas enters heat-storing device continuation maintenance generating state; Or open biogas valve and air intlet, make the hot power generation mode of open type brayton cycle thermal electric generator operating gas brayton cycle; After the weary gas of high temperature of discharging enters drift sand heat exchanger or heat-storing device heat release, be expelled to atmosphere, realize the double mode common operation of Bretton power cycle;
11) the condensation radiator condensation end on described dynamic power device is imported and exported the heat exchanger import and export that connect respectively organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator or LiBr-Air-conditioner unit, or substitutes condensation radiator completely as condensing heat-exchange terminal by LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Or at turbo machine air outlet end, weary gas heat exchanger is set specially and connects organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator, to realize solar energy, efficiently utilize;
12) described power working medium is air or carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen or nitrous oxide gas or helium or alkanes gas; Or biomass gasified gas, biogas; Or rock gas, combustible ice gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); Or Aalcohols fuel is as methyl alcohol, ethanol, dimethyl ether; Or fuel oil is as bavin gasoline, kerosene, heavy oil.
2. multi-mode tower type solar energy thermal power generation device comprises that heliostat light-condensing array, solar energy receive tower, solar receiver, power working medium, metallic heat exchanging tube, dynamic power device; Light-condensing array and power generation control, air-cooling apparatus, organic Lang Ken electricity generating device, LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Under this pattern, solar receiver connects dynamic power device; Compressed power working medium enters the dynamic power device expansion acting with the work of the overcritical brayton cycle principle of enclosed through the heat exchange of solar receiver metallic heat exchanging tube; Condensation radiator condensation one side on dynamic power device connects air-cooling apparatus or organic Rankine thermal electric generator; Heliostat light-condensing array receives tower around solar energy and arranges; This pattern is applicable to setting up small distributed power station;
1) described solar receiver comprises ceramic shaped brick, applies the thermal insulating material of high temperature resistant heat insulation coating, and metallic heat exchanging tube is used for fixing the metal framework of solar receiver; The key of this pattern is at ceramic shaped brick center plug-in mounting metallic heat exchanging tube; Mode has three kinds, and a kind of is that metallic heat exchanging tube is directly inserted in the pipeline of ceramic shaped brick; The second is to receive opening of light irradiation at ceramic shaped brick, and A/F is equal to or less than metallic heat exchanging tube external diameter; When assembling solar receiver by metallic heat exchanging tube order, be vertically inserted in the pipeline of ceramic shaped brick; The 3rd, metallic heat exchanging tube is made into the "the" shape shape corresponding with ceramic shaped brick pipeline and installs or insert ceramic shaped brick; Between metallic heat exchanging tube, adopt series connection or parallel way to connect;
2) described metallic heat exchanging tube is high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant, corrosion resistant nickel base superalloy pipe, or selects ultra supercritical refractory alloy boiler tube; At metallic heat exchanging tube, apply thermal absorption coating outward; Inner tube wall arranges some projections or the recessed spiral line of rabbet joint or selects internal fin metal heat transfer pipe with Enhancement of heat transfer for gas effect;
3) the thermal insulating material coating of described coating high temperature resistant heat insulation coating is fixed on the solar receiver pottery shaped brick back side, to reduce convection heat losses.
3. multi-mode tower type solar energy thermal power generation device comprises that heliostat light-condensing array, solar energy receive tower, solar receiver, light-condensing array and power generation control, drift sand heat exchanger, power working medium, heat-storing device, gas holder; Gas fuel boiler, dynamic power device; Air intlet; Biogas generating means, organic Lang Ken electricity generating device, LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Select solar energy and biological energy complementary Bretton dynamic power technology, the one, biomass energy and drift sand heat transfer tower type solar energy thermal power generation technology complementation; The 2nd, biomass energy and tower type solar receiver direct heat transfer pattern are complementary; The 3rd, the generating of simultaneously doing work of solar energy and biomass energy; The 4th, close solar energy system, only rely on biomass power generation; For the first situation, select two kinds of technical measures, the one, set up separately a gas fuel boiler, gas pipeline connects the gas nozzle import of firing chamber; The heat-exchange end of gas fuel boiler and drift sand heat exchanger gas inlet and outlet end are connected in parallel; Or gas fuel boiler is connected between drift sand heat exchanger and turbo machine; The 2nd, brayton cycle thermal electric generator is improved, become integrated brayton cycle dynamic power device coaxial and open type combustion gas brayton cycle and the common acting of the overcritical brayton cycle of enclosed; Or according to the character of dynamic power device and power working medium, open type brayton cycle thermal electric generator is selected biogas, and the overcritical brayton cycle thermal electric generator of enclosed preferentially to select carbon dioxide gas or nitrous oxide gas be power working medium; The second situation, outlet is connected solar receiver import and export to the turbo machine suction port on brayton cycle thermal electric generator with afterburner, and the parallel connection of gas fuel boiler or series connection are therebetween; Above-mentioned two situations are closed biogas valve as solar energy abundance, and solar energy is not enough or do not have illumination to close solar energy pipeline, opens biogas valve and gas fuel boiler; The third situation, have illumination but not bery abundance select the Dual-energy source generating of simultaneously doing work; The 4th kind of situation closed solar energy pipeline in the long-term deficiency of solar illuminating, relies on biogas generating completely; Biogas generating means gas outlet or gas holder gas outlet connect the gas nozzle import of brayton cycle turbine combustion chamber by control valve, or connect the import of gas fuel boiler gas nozzle; Gas fuel boiler exhaust mouth connects the drift sand import of drift sand heat exchanger, and the High Temperature Gas of gas fuel boiler burning enters drift sand heat exchanger through relief opening and provides thermal source for the overcritical Bretton dynamic power device of enclosed; Or gas fuel boiler exhaust mouth connection heat-storing device, after heat-storing device circulation heat release, drain into atmosphere;
1) for realizing thermal energy step utilization, the import and export of condensation radiator condensation one side on brayton cycle thermal electric generator connect organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator, or substitute condensation radiator completely as condensing heat-exchange terminal by LiBr-Air-conditioner unit; Or at turbo machine air outlet end, weary gas heat exchanger being set specially, the weary gas that turbo machine is discharged enters afterburner through weary gas heat exchanger; The weary gas heat exchanger the other end connects organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator; Heat-storing device access heat power working medium circulation loop, the energy storage advantage of performance solar energy thermal-power-generating;
2) described power working medium is air or carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen or nitrous oxide gas or helium or alkanes gas; Or biomass gasified gas, biogas; Or rock gas, combustible ice gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG); Or Aalcohols fuel is as methyl alcohol, ethanol, dimethyl ether; Or fuel oil is as bavin gasoline, kerosene, heavy oil;
3) described gas holder is for storing carbon dioxide gas or nitrogen or nitrous oxide gas or helium or alkanes gas; The air container of biomass gasified gas, biogas, rock gas, combustible ice gas; Or change liquid container into, store Aalcohols fuel or fuel oil;
4) described biogas generating means refers to gasification of biomass generating means, or biogas generating device; Or substitute with rock gas, liquefied petroleum gas supply device;
5), under solar energy and biogas complemental power-generation pattern, when illumination is sufficient, select the overcritical brayton cycle generating of solar energy; Unglazed photograph or heat accumulation temperature select during lower than certain value biogas in gas fuel boiler for power working medium provides external combustion high temperature heat source;
6) described dynamic power device is that open type combustion gas brayton cycle is coaxially closely connected with the overcritical brayton cycle of enclosed, the integrated brayton cycle dynamic power device of common acting, mainly comprises coaxial two groups of gas compressors, turbo machine for open type and enclosed operating mode; Afterburner, condenser arrange respectively or share one group; The overcritical brayton cycle of solar energy operation enclosed, biogas operation open type brayton cycle; Two kinds of brayton cycle airtight cutting apart, or coaxial clutch is set, both can jointly move, also can independent operating; Or arrange two and overlap independently brayton cycle thermal electric generator; A set of is open type combustion gas brayton cycle thermal electric generator, and another set of is the overcritical brayton cycle thermal electric generator of enclosed, and two cover brayton cycle thermal electric generators are independent operating respectively; When unglazed photograph, open open type combustion gas brayton cycle thermal electric generator and substitute the hot generator operation of overcritical brayton cycle; For making full use of gas thermal energy, the turbo machine of open type brayton cycle thermal electric generator outlet connects the drift sand conduit entrance of drift sand heat exchanger by afterburner, and the weary gas of high-temperature fuel gas need be via the drift sand row of conduits of drift sand heat exchanger to atmosphere; Or combustion gas turbine outlet connects heat-storing device by afterburner, the process by heat release exhaust in heat-storing device provides thermal source for the overcritical brayton cycle of enclosed; Or adopting solar energy reforming biomass gas and carbon dioxide process technology, the synthetic gas of output supplies open type brayton cycle dynamic power through gas holder;
7) described air inlet/outlet aims at brayton cycle thermal electric generator and arranges when separately using biogas fuel gas generation; Adopt open type combustion gas brayton cycle generation mode to open air intlet; Adopt the hot generation mode of Closed Brayton Power Cycle to close air intlet;
8), in biogas Independent Power Generation pattern, select open type brayton cycle generation mode; After the air of gas compressor compression mixes with biogas, enter combustion chambers burn, combustion gas enters turbo machine expansion and does manual work; The weary gas of high temperature that turbo machine is discharged is directly sent into weary gas heat exchanger and is driven organic Lang Ken thermal electric generator through heat exchange after afterburner, then send outside LiBr-Air-conditioner unit discharge machine; Or the turbo machine weary gas of high temperature of discharging directly sends into LiBr-Air-conditioner unit after entering afterburner, through LiBr-Air-conditioner unit, drain into outside machine; Gas compressor enters afterburner, turbo machine by the rear order of air intlet air amount compression, starts new open type brayton cycle heat generating; Or open gas fuel boiler, by biogas or other power working medium, in gas fuel boiler, burn and provide thermal source for the overcritical brayton cycle thermal electric generator of enclosed;
9) described heat-storing device refers to fused salt heat-storing device and ceramic honeycomb heat-storing device, all adopts single tank storage thermal technology; Wherein fused salt heat-storing device comprises tank body, heat storage exchanger, heat exchanging tube, fused salt, solid heat-storage medium and container, transmission pipeline; Wherein heat storage exchanger is placed in tank body, adopts corrosion-resistant, high-temperature alloy metal, or special cermacis is made; The heat exchanging tube of heat storage exchanger is refractory alloy metal or special cermacis pipe; Heat exchanging tube is the finned thermoexcell of corrugated tube or pipe outside; Solid heat-storage medium and container are for reducing fused salt use amount, improving the setting of heat accumulation efficiency; Solid heat-storage medium is selected quartzy or glass or pottery or graphite, and fused salt forms heat-storage medium jointly; Solid heat vessel adopts special cermacis to make, and is cylindrical case, rectangular box body, and annular casing, solid heat vessel outer wall is established fused salt liquid opening hole, and hole diameter is limited to be less than solid heat-storage medium; Solid heat vessel and heat exchanging tube interlaced arrangement; Ceramic honeycomb heat-storing device comprises tank body, ceramic honeycomb thermal accumulator body, heat exchanging tube; Heat exchanging tube one end is that the suction port the other end is air outlet, and ceramic honeycomb thermal accumulator body is mainly made by special cermacis, general porcelain, steinheilite, Mo Laishi, corundum-mullite, aluminium oxide, aluminium titanates, spodumene, sodium zirconium phosphate, zircon, zirconium pink fused alumina material; The perforation that is staggered of ceramic honeycomb thermal accumulator body and heat exchanging tube, also can fill fused salt in ceramic honeycomb heat-storing device; Heat-storing device is the exhaust of open type brayton cycle thermal electric generator, or sets up for the exhaust of gas fuel boiler high temperature the heat release exhaust duct that independently circulates.
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