CN104145690A - Method for relieving watermelon continuous cropping obstacle by utilization of garland chrysanthemums - Google Patents
Method for relieving watermelon continuous cropping obstacle by utilization of garland chrysanthemums Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145690A CN104145690A CN201410424513.5A CN201410424513A CN104145690A CN 104145690 A CN104145690 A CN 104145690A CN 201410424513 A CN201410424513 A CN 201410424513A CN 104145690 A CN104145690 A CN 104145690A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for relieving a watermelon continuous cropping obstacle by the utilization of garland chrysanthemums. The method includes the steps that (1), according to planting, with the associated garland chrysanthemums, of watermelons, the watermelons and the garland chrysanthemums are planted in the same holes, 400-500 plants of watermelons are planted per mu, 2-6 plants of garland chrysanthemums are intercropped around each watermelon plant, and the distance from the garland chrysanthemums to the roots of the watermelons is 8 cm-12 cm; (2), according to the crop rotation mode of the garland chrysanthemums in the previous crop and the watermelons in the later crop, the garland chrysanthemums are seeded in the previous crop, after harvesting, the underground parts of the garland chrysanthemums are turned and pressed in the soil, and the watermelons are seeded in the later crop; (3), according to the planting, with the associated garland chrysanthemums in the previous crop and the later crop, of the watermelons, the garland chrysanthemums are seeded in the previous crop, after harvesting, the underground parts of the garland chrysanthemums are turned and pressed in the soil, in the later crop, the watermelons and the garland chrysanthemums are planted in the same holes, 400-450 plants of watermelons are planted per mu, 2-6 plants of garland chrysanthemums are intercropped around each watermelon plant, and the distance from the garland chrysanthemums to the roots of the watermelons is 8 cm-12 cm. By the utilization of the method, the watermelon continuous cropping obstacle can be effectively relieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant cultivation field, specifically a kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon.
Background technology
Watermelon can be rated as " king in melon ", clearly quenches one's thirst, and taste sugariness succulence, is good fruit in midsummer, is loved by the people.Watermelon is avoided continuous cropping, is the key factor that watermelon produces continuous cropping obstacle from toxic action, and in existing known watermelon is benzoic acid and cinnamic acid from poisonous substance matter.At present, along with the shortening of rotation cycle, the fusarium wilt incidence of disease has the trend improving year by year, and output declines year by year.The crop rotation that watermelon General Requirements at least 6 years is above, but due to the restriction of China's arable area and existing land use system, watermelon is produced cannot carry out strict rotation system, and the crop rotation time limit is shorter and shorter, inevitably continuous cropping plantation.At present for the overcoming of continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon, in production, be mainly for soil-borne disease and improve Soil nutritional condition and take measures.Solve the method extensive use of continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon by grafting, but have the compatibility between stock and scion and affect melon quality; Selecting disease-resistant variety is the most economical effective measures of eliminating continuous cropping obstacle, but breeding resistant variety required time is long, and the disease-resistant variety of seed selection is generally continuously plantation is after 3～4 years, and its resistance declines.
Through the literature search of prior art is found, the existing method that overcomes continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon, as Chinese patent CN200910072411, patent name is: a kind of ecological cultivation method that overcomes continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon.This invention is cultivated watermelon using wheat as accompanying plant, although can alleviate to a certain extent the continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon, input cost is high, and association wheat is dropped completely, loses the economic worth of itself, causes the wasting of resources.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the problem existing for prior art, a kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon is provided.
The technical scheme that realizes the object of the invention is as follows:
One, watermelon crowndaisy chrysanthemum association, in annual 3 months, the last ten-days period or early July, watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum are planted with cave, 400～450 strains of every mu of plantation watermelon, 2～6 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting, crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 8～12cm, and watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum all adopt conventional method to cultivate, manage, gather.
Two, front stubble is planted crowndaisy chrysanthemum and watermelon crop rotation, and (1) First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum March, after gathering May, stays crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, sows watermelon in then July; (2) First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum July, stays crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, sows watermelon March next year, and watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum all adopt conventional method to cultivate, manage, gather.
Three, front stubble is planted crowndaisy chrysanthemum, rear stubble watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum association plantation, (1) First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum March, after gathering May, stay crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, in cave plantation watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum, planting watermelon 400～450 strains for every mu July then, 2～6 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting, and crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 8～12cm; (2) First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum July, stay crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, plant watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum March next year with cave, 400～450 strains of every mu of plantation watermelon, 2～6 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting, crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 8～12cm, and watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum all adopt conventional method to cultivate, manage, gather.
A kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon of the present invention, method is simple to operation, can make watermelon seed germination rate improve, speed of germination speeds, and promotes the growth of watermelon acrial part and under ground portion, significantly increases the yield of watermelon, suppressing fusarium wilt occurs, greatly alleviated the continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon, the crowndaisy chrysanthemum of gathering is a kind of economic crops, can increase melon grower's income.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: watermelon crowndaisy chrysanthemum association
In annual 3 months, the last ten-days period or early July, watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum are planted with cave, 400～450 strains of every mu of plantation watermelon, 4 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting, crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 10cm, and crowndaisy chrysanthemum watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum all adopt conventional method to cultivate, manage, gather.
Present embodiment utilizes crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate the method for continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon obstacle, be 36.1% through the climing length amplification of observation watermelon seedlings master, the thick amplification of stem is 8.2%, and number of blade amplification is 3.8%, is 0 stretching the climing phase incidence of disease, the fruit expanding period incidence of disease is only 4.4%, compared with the watermelon of conventional cultivation, the incidence of disease reduces by 89%, average single plant yield 2.64kg, rate of growth 53.5%, has significantly alleviated continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon.
Embodiment 2: front stubble is planted crowndaisy chrysanthemum and watermelon crop rotation
(1) First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum March, after gathering May, stays crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, sows watermelon in then July;
(2) First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum July, stays crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, sows watermelon March next year, and watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum all adopt conventional method to cultivate, manage, gather.
Present embodiment utilizes crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate the method for continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon obstacle, is 98.3% through observation Germination of Watermelon Seed rate, germination speed index 245.59, the long 4.45cm of plumular axis, the long 23.5cm of watermelon seedlings root, root dry weight 0.1257g, acrial part dry weight 0.0629g, stretching the climing phase incidence of disease is 0, and the fruit expanding period incidence of disease is only 5.6%, compared with the watermelon of conventional cultivation, the incidence of disease reduces by 86%, average single plant yield 2.59kg, rate of growth 53.4%, has significantly alleviated continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon.
Embodiment 3: front stubble is planted crowndaisy chrysanthemum, rear stubble watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum association plantation
In conjunction with above-mentioned two kinds of methods, before adopting, stubble is planted crowndaisy chrysanthemum, rear stubble watermelon combines cultivation method with crop rotation, the interplanting of crowndaisy chrysanthemum association plantation: (1) First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum March, after gathering May, stay crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, in cave plantation watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum, planting watermelon 400～450 strains for every mu July then, 4 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting, and crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 10cm;
(2) First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum July, stay crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, plant watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum March next year with cave, 400～450 strains of every mu of plantation watermelon, 4 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting, crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 10cm, and watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum all adopt conventional method to cultivate, manage, gather.
Practical application shows: Germination of Watermelon Seed rate is 99.2%, germination speed index 249.37, the long 4.58cm of plumular axis, the long 25.1cm of watermelon seedlings root, root dry weight 0.1324g, acrial part dry weight 0.0697g, main climing length amplification is 38.2%, the thick amplification of stem is 9.5%, number of blade amplification is 4.8%, stretching the climing phase incidence of disease is 0, the fruit expanding period incidence of disease is only 3.8%, compared with the watermelon of conventional cultivation, the incidence of disease reduces by 90.5%, average single plant yield 2.72kg, rate of growth 54.1%, method is simple to operation, can make watermelon seed germination rate improve, speed of germination speeds, promote the growth of watermelon acrial part and under ground portion, significantly increase the yield of watermelon, suppressing fusarium wilt occurs, significantly alleviate the continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon, increase melon grower's income.
Claims (9)
1. utilize crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate a method for continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon, it is characterized in that, realize by interplanting, crop rotation watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum.
2. a kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described interplanting method is as follows:
In annual 3 months, the last ten-days period or early July, watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum are planted with cave, 400～450 strains of every mu of plantation watermelon, 2～6 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting, crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 8～12cm.
3. a kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described association crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 10cm, and 4 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting.
4. a kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described alternating method is as follows:
First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum March, after gathering May, stays crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, sows watermelon in then July.
5. a kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described alternating method is as follows:
First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum July, stays crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, sows watermelon March next year.
6. a kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, front stubble is planted crowndaisy chrysanthemum, and the method for rear stubble watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum association plantation is as follows:
First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum March, after gathering May, stays crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, in planting watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum with cave July then, 400～450 strains of every mu of plantation watermelon, 2～6 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting, and crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 8～12cm.
7. a kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, front stubble is planted crowndaisy chrysanthemum, and the method for rear stubble watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum association plantation is as follows:
First Year is sowed crowndaisy chrysanthemum July, stays crowndaisy chrysanthemum under ground portion to turn in soil, with cave plantation watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum, plants watermelon 400～450 strains March next year for every mu, and 2～6 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting, and crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 8～12cm.
8. a kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum to alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon as described in claim 6 or 7, is characterized in that, described association crowndaisy chrysanthemum is apart from watermelon root 10cm, and 4 crowndaisy chrysanthemums are respectively in 1 strain watermelon surrounding interplanting.
9. as a kind of method of utilizing crowndaisy chrysanthemum alleviate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon of claim 2,3,5,6 or 7 as described in arbitrary, it is characterized in that, described watermelon and crowndaisy chrysanthemum all adopt conventional method to cultivate.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN105230304A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-01-13 | 钟春明 | Cultivation management method of crowndaisy chrysanthemum |
| CN106069152A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-09 | 祁明华 | A kind of method utilizing Herba Artemisiae montanae Artemisia crop rotation to eliminate continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon |
| CN106069153A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-09 | 祁明华 | A kind of Herba Artemisiae montanae Artemisia and the cultural method of Citrullus vulgaris crop rotation |
| CN107637436A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-01-30 | 芜湖县海琦生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for alleviating continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106069153A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-11-09 | 祁明华 | A kind of Herba Artemisiae montanae Artemisia and the cultural method of Citrullus vulgaris crop rotation |
| CN107637436A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-01-30 | 芜湖县海琦生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods for alleviating continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |