CN104145154A - Insulating elements for sealed and thermally insulated tank - Google Patents

Insulating elements for sealed and thermally insulated tank Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104145154A
CN104145154A CN201380009503.9A CN201380009503A CN104145154A CN 104145154 A CN104145154 A CN 104145154A CN 201380009503 A CN201380009503 A CN 201380009503A CN 104145154 A CN104145154 A CN 104145154A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tank
bottom panel
insulator
longitudinal
heat insulation
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201380009503.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN104145154B (en
Inventor
***·萨西
格雷·坎莱尔
朱利安·奥利维尔
艾伦·维吉尔
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Publication of CN104145154A publication Critical patent/CN104145154A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F17C2203/0333—Polyurethane
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0354—Wood
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

Sealed and thermally insulated tank comprising a wall comprising: a sealing barrier, a thermally insulating barrier made up of insulating elements of substantially parallelepipedal shape and comprising: a rigid insulating layer (32), an upper panel (20) fixed to the insulating layer (32) and a rigid lower panel (31) fixed under the insulating layer (32), the upper panel (31) and lower panel being able to generate a respectively upper and lower bending stress in the insulating element through differential thermal expansion when the tank wall is subjected to a temperature gradient and each having a thermal expansion coefficient that is lower than the thermal expansion coefficient of the insulating layer, the panels (20, 31) and the insulating layer (32); being arranged in such a way that the bending stresses more or less compensate one another so as to avoid flexural deformations of the insulating element when the tank wall is subjected to a temperature gradient between the inside and the outside of the tank.

Description

For the insulator of sealed, thermally insulated tank
The present invention relates to the manufacture field of the storage tank of sealing, thermal insulation.Particularly, the present invention relates to include the storage tank of frozen liq, for example, the storage tank of storage and/or transport liquefied gases at sea.
The storage tank of sealing, thermal insulation can be for storing heat or cold product in industry-by-industry.For example, at energy field, LNG Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a kind of liquid, and this liquid can be stored under an atmospheric pressure, and temperature is about in-163 DEG C of storage tanks on land or aboard ship has in the tank of floating structure.
According to an embodiment, the invention provides the sealed, thermally insulated tank in a kind of bearing structure that are arranged on for comprising a cryogen,
Wherein, on a tank skin, have:
One sealing barrier, for contacting with the product in this tank,
The one adiabatic barrier of being made by multiple insulators, thus this insulator is the unified stayed surface substantially for sealing barrier that forms arranged side by side,
One insulator, has a parallelepiped substantially and comprises:
One rigidity heat insulation layer,
One top plate, this top plate is fixed on this rigidity heat insulation layer and supports sealing barrier, and this top plate has a thermal expansion coefficient, and this thermal expansion coefficient is less than the thermal expansion coefficient of heat insulation layer, and
One rigidity bottom panel, this rigidity bottom panel is fixed on this rigidity heat insulation layer below, and this rigidity bottom panel has a thermal expansion coefficient, and this thermal expansion coefficient is less than the thermal expansion coefficient of heat insulation layer.
According to multiple embodiments, such tank has one or more following characteristics.
According to an embodiment, this top plate is set like this, bottom panel and heat insulation layer make the compensation mutually substantially of the flexural stress that produces due to differential expansion, to avoid in the time that tank skin stands in the temperature difference between tank inside and outside, and the distortion that insulator bending causes.
According to an embodiment, the flexural stress of this bottom panel is less than the flexural stress of this top plate.
According to an embodiment, the thickness of this bottom panel is greater than the thickness of top plate.
According to an embodiment, this bottom panel has slot, and this slot extends through a part for the thickness of bottom panel and in a side that is parallel to described bottom panel.
According to an embodiment, this tank skin also has a level sealing barrier and a level heat screen barrier,
Wherein, this secondary seal barrier has the parallel band of sheet metal, the outstanding inside towards tank of longitudinal edge of this sheet metal, and parallel weld flange is supported on secondary adiabatic barrier, and the outstanding inside towards this tank, under different situations, this parallel weld flange is between two bands of sheet metal, thereby formation one has the seal weld contact of contiguous longitudinal edge, the band of this sheet metal and this weld flange extend at the longitudinal direction of the insulator of this main adiabatic barrier, this main adiabatic barrier is arranged on secondary seal barrier
This longitudinal edge and weld flange are outstanding in a longitudinal direction, and pass this bottom panel and extend on the thickness of heat insulation layer of this insulator, and extending the longitudinal side that is parallel to insulator,
Wherein, this bottom panel has lateral insert, and this lateral insert extends through a part for the thickness of bottom panel, and this lateral insert is extended in the direction perpendicular to longitudinal low groove.
According to an embodiment, when this tank skin is inside and outside while standing temperature difference, by differential expansion, this top plate can produce a flexural stress upwards in this insulator.
According to an embodiment, when this tank skin is inside and outside while standing temperature difference, by differential expansion, this bottom panel can produce a downward flexural stress in this insulating part.
According to an embodiment, this bottom panel has longitudinal bottom panel part of being delimited by longitudinal low groove,
Elongated pad is fixed between longitudinal bottom surface sections parts of two vicinities in the mode of fork, thereby makes this bottom panel stiffened,
This pad extends on the thickness direction of heat insulation layer, and delimits an interval, wherein, and this longitudinal edge and and weld flange extension.
According to an embodiment, this pad is the end face that is fixed on longitudinal bottom panel by base, and the base of this pad also has a passage, and this passage is along this pad extension and delimit described interval.
According to an embodiment, this pad has a U-shaped profile, and this pad has a flange at these U-shaped two ends,
This longitudinal bottom panel part has outer surface, and this outer surface is under longitudinal bottom panel part, and the flange of this profile elements is fixed on this longitudinal bottom panel.
According to an embodiment, multiple pads are fixed between two adjacent longitudinal surface plate portions in the mode of fork and alignment.
According to an embodiment, this insulator also has a upper thermal insulating layer being bonded under top plate, and is bonded in the centre panel under upper thermal insulating layer, and described rigidity heat insulation layer forms a lower heat insulation layer (33) being fixed under centre panel, and this bottom panel is fixed under heat insulation layer
This insulator has through bottom panel and extends through described longitudinal low groove and the described lateral insert of thickness of lower thermal insulating layer,
This longitudinal fluting and lateral insert are extended the longitudinal side that is parallel and perpendicular to this insulator separately.
According to an embodiment, this longitudinal low groove and this lateral insert are by the whole thickness of this lower thermal insulating layer.
According to an embodiment, this tank skin also has a level sealing barrier and a level heat screen barrier,
Wherein, this secondary seal barrier has the parallel band of sheet metal, the outstanding inside towards tank of longitudinal edge of this sheet metal, and parallel weld flange is supported on secondary adiabatic barrier, and the outstanding inside towards this tank, under different situations, this parallel weld flange is between two bands of sheet metal, thereby formation one has the seal weld contact of contiguous longitudinal edge, the band of this sheet metal and this weld flange extend at the longitudinal direction of the insulator of this main adiabatic barrier, this main adiabatic barrier is arranged on secondary seal barrier
This longitudinal edge and weld flange are given prominence in the longitudinal low groove direction of this low heat insulation layer.
According to an embodiment, this bottom panel has a thermal expansion coefficient, and this thermal expansion coefficient is greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of this top plate.
This storage tank can form a part for land storage device, for example store LNG Liquefied natural gas (LNG), or can be arranged on coastal waters or abyssalpelagic floating structure, particularly methane oil tanker, unsteady storage device and again gasification installation (FSRU), float and produce, store and unloading (FPSO) device, etc.
According in an embodiment, a kind of for transporting the ship of cold fluid product, comprise a bivalve and be placed on the above-mentioned storage tank in described bivalve.
According in an embodiment, the invention provides a kind of method for this ship of loading or unloading, wherein, described cold fluid product is to be transferred to the storage tank of described ship or transfer to from the storage tank of described ship float storage device or land storage device from float storage device or land storage device by isolated pipe.
According in an embodiment, the invention provides a kind of transmitting set for cold fluid product, described system comprises above-mentioned ship, isolated pipe and a pump, it transfers to the storage tank of described ship or transfers to from the storage tank of described ship float storage device or land storage device from float storage device or land storage device for driving cold fluid product by isolated pipe.
 
The present invention is by observing, and when the LNG Liquefied natural gas being filled with in a sealing and insulated tank, between this tank skin is inside and outside, produces a temperature difference at insulator.This heat gradient can cause the phenomenon of insulator differential expansion, and the Fluid Sealing barrier that therefore supports it can be bending.This bending may be to occur in the time being used for being fixed on insulator in tank and can not absorbing the flexural stress of this insulator, for example the center region at its lower surface only when insulator is not fixed on its surrounding area.
An idea of the present invention is to avoid the distortion of the film of a tank skin being supported by insulator, when tank skin is subject to, because cold fluid is filled the temperature difference producing, substantially keeping plane insulator to avoid this situation by providing,
Some aspect of the present invention is the bending based on avoiding insulator, and this insulator comprises rigid foam single-piece layer, and it is fixed between the first and second panels, the flexural stress that compensation causes due to temperature difference in insulator
Some aspect of the present invention is the idea of the flexural stress based on compensating by the flexural rigidity of insulator of amendment panel, for example, by providing groove at panel, or by amendment plate thickness.
Some aspect of the present invention is to avoid the deformation of insulator by cutting apart insulator, and a part for the thickness of this insulator is under a centre panel, and this centre panel is in adiabatic thin layer.This centre panel is set to compensate the flexural stress in this insulator.
Some aspect of the present invention is by each panel is selected to different thermal expansion coefficient, thus the not poor flexural stress producing in insulator.
The present invention will be understood better, and other object, details, and feature and advantage become more apparent in the present invention in by non-limiting example the following description process with reference to the specific embodiment of accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the partial sectional view of a tank skin.
Fig. 2 is a partial view that is used to form the insulator below of the main adiabatic barrier of tank skin.
Fig. 3 is the zoomed-in view of region III in Fig. 2, comprising a lateral insert.
Fig. 4 is region IV zoomed-in view in Fig. 2, comprising a pad.
Fig. 5 is the modification that the view of a similar Fig. 4 shows a pad.
Fig. 6 is a perspective view with the insulator below of the pad in Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the modification of the insulator in Fig. 2, has a centre panel.
Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are the side views at the insulator shown in Fig. 7.
Figure 10 is the generalized section of this tank of methane tank car load/unload.
To differential shrinkage phenomenon briefly be described by the embodiment shown in Figure 11.
Plywood panel 37 is bonded to a thicker single-piece strata compound foam 36.
Plywood panel 37 and polymer foam layer 36 stand the heat gradient 38 declining.This means, lower than the temperature of the lower surface 41 of the layer at polymer foams 36 in the temperature of plywood panel 37.
The thermal expansion coefficient of this heat insulation foam is larger than the thermal expansion coefficient of glue panel.Therefore, foam contacts more than the lower plywood panel 37 of heat gradient 38 impact with respect to ambient temperature, and to have the plywood panel 37 of comparing larger for polymer foam layer 36 in addition
Flexural rigidity, this panel 37 and polymer foam layer 36 trend towards along described convex curvature 39 bendings.
The second embodiment in Figure 12 can observe identical phenomenon, and plywood panel 37 is bonded in polymer foam layer 36 times there.But in this case, polymer foam layer 36 and panel 37 trend towards along figure curvature 40 bendings of contrary and the first embodiment's convex curvature 39.In addition,, because plywood panel 37 is positioned at the below of polymer foam layer 36, this plate 37 stands higher temperature than the plate under the first embodiment's identical heat gradient 38.Therefore, described panel 37 is fewer than what contact in the first embodiment, and this is because the difference of the thermal shrinkage between polymer foam layer 36 and panel 37 is greater than the difference in the first embodiment.
Fig. 1 has shown the partial view of the tank skin of methane fuel tank.Traditionally, be positioned at the inside that more approaches groove and will be called as " above " and be positioned at more close bearing structure 8 and be called as " below ", and no matter tank skin with respect to the orientation of the gravity field of the earth.Bearing structure 8 are made up of the bivalve of inwall and boats and ships.
This tank skin is to be made up of the secondary fluid sealing barrier 1 of carrying secondary fluid sealing barrier 2.This Fluid Sealing barrier 2 is own with a main adiabatic barrier 3, relies on and has main fluid seal barrier 4 thereon.
Secondary adiabatic barrier 1 and main adiabatic barrier 3 comprise that by secondary insulator 5 and main insulator 6 form respectively.Anchoring piece 7 keeps secondary insulator 5 to lean against bearing structure 8, and this anchor log can be manufactured in a different manner, particularly in F.P. 1162214, has description.Other anchoring piece also has description in F.P. FR2887010.These examples are not restrictive.Anchoring piece 7 is to be for example welded to described bearing structure 8 by bolt (not shown) to be fixed on described bearing structure 1.
Have for secondary 5 one to fall the groove 9 of T, groove 9 supports with slide type welding, and this slide type is that the form that a metal band bends to the shape of a L-type floor 10 presents.This L-type floor 10 has protruding edge to be welded to these welding supporting element (not shown).These floors 10, are made up of low-expansion steel or nickel, form secondary fluid sealing barrier 2.
This main part 6 is resisted against secondary fluid sealing barrier 2.Described main part 6 has groove 11, and for holding the floor 10 of described raised brim, this plate is welded on welding supporting element 12.
Main retaining member 13 keeps this main insulator 6 to be resisted against on secondary thermal insulation barrier 3.
Describe and have these main holders 13 at french patent application 1250214.But the present invention is not limited to such retaining member, can be used according to the parts of describing in F.P. FR2887010.These examples are not restrictive.
Main insulator 6 and secondary insulator 5 have a parallelepiped.This main insulated cabinet 6 and secondary insulated cabinet 5 with regular rectangular shape comb mesh pattern be arranged in each hot isolation barrier 1 and 3.
With secondary insulator in the same way, this main insulator 6 has the groove 14 in an inverted T-shaped cross section, the floor 15 that this groove 14 holds L-type shape supports as welding, this plate has raised brim 16 for welding.This floor 15 forms this main fluid seal barrier 4.
The glass powder of the frankincense 17 that secondary the 5 parallel lines form of passing through of this secondary adiabatic barrier 3 presents is resisted against on bearing structure 8.
Fig. 2 shows main insulator 6 more specifically, and it is suitable for main adiabatic barrier 3, and this main insulator 6 has a bottom panel of being made up of wood veneer 18, and it is shelved on secondary adiabatic barrier 1.Heat insulation foam layer 19 is bonded on the upper surface of this bottom panel 18 by the polyurethane material strengthening with glass fibre, and extends in the direction of the inside of this storage tank.One top panel of being made up of wood veneer 20 bonds to the upper surface of foam layer 19.Two grooves 11 pass through bottom panel 18 in a longitudinal direction with the width of 8mm.The direction on the long limit 23 that this direction is extended corresponding to this panel.Groove 11 is divided into center panel 21 and two side plates 22 by bottom panel 18 in the case of being separated by equidistant each corresponding long limit 23.
This main insulator 6 has the shell forming with the thickness of heat insulation layer 19 and bottom panel 18.This shell extends on the longitudinal direction of the insulator of the center of the width of insulator.Two securing supports 41 are disposed in the housing of main insulator 6 of center region.Particularly, this securing supports 41 is centered by the length by 1/4th insulators 6, and this securing supports 41, is fixed on bottom panel 18.
Turn back to Fig. 1, can find out, the longitudinal direction that this double-screw bolt 42 is fixed to described secondary insulator and is extended in main thermal insulation barrier 3 by the mode of sealing is by described secondaiy fluidic sealing barrier 2.This double-screw bolt 42 is fixed to the main insulator 6 of supporting element 41, to remain on the main insulator 6 of secondary adiabatic barrier 1.
According in a specific embodiment, the thickness of insulator 6 is 100 millimeters, and width is the length between 1000 to 1200 millimeters and 2000 to 3000 millimeters.More particularly, each to have thickness be the heat insulation foam layer 19 that 12 millimeters and thickness are 76mm for top panel 20 and bottom panel 18.
When tank is full of LNG Liquefied natural gas, this main fluid seal layer 4 stands the temperature of-163 DEG C.Temperature outside tank is greater than the temperature that this main fluid seal barrier 4 stands.Therefore the heat gradient that, main insulator 6 is subject to.Particularly from-163 DEG C of temperature variation to higher temperature at top panel 20, for example, about-117 DEG C of bottom panel 18.
When insulator 6 stands this temperature difference, this heat insulation layer 19 and panel stand thermal shrinkage phenomenon.But, the described panel of being made by wood veneer 18 and 20 and heat insulation foam layer 19, its thermal expansion coefficient is respectively 5.5x10 -6m/m/K and 18x10 -6m/m/K, panel 18 and 20 and the temperature that stands of foam layer 19 depend on the rank of insulator 6.Therefore, panel 18 is different with 20 shrinkages of shrinking with foam layer 19.More specifically, the thermal shrinkage of the layer of foam layer 19 is greater than the thermal shrinkage of plate 18 and 20.The thermal shrinkage of plate 20 is greater than the thermal shrinkage of described bottom panel 18.Consequently, panel 18 and 20 applies flexural stress to foam layer 19.
This flexural stress is exaggerated, and it is based on a fact, and the thickness of foam layer 19 is greater than and face veneer 18 and 20 thickness.
Particularly, the Young's modulus of wood veneer and foam layer be respectively E wood veneer=10 000 MPa and E foam layer=100 MPa..In addition cube equaling for the modulus of thickness,
For foam layer, I foam layer=(100-12-12) 3=438 976 mm 3foam, and
For wood veneer, I wood veneer=(12) 3=1728 mm 3.
Foam layer and wood veneer and flexural rigidity be respectively:
E foam layerx I foam layer≈ 4.4 x 10 7n/mm, and
E wood veneerx I wood veneer≈ 1.7 x 10 7n/mm.
This heat insulation layer 19 considers that its oneself thermal shrinkage is poor also easily bending.Specifically, consider the temperature difference of the thickness of tank skin, the poor rank of foam layer 19 on thickness direction that depend on of this thermal shrinkage.
But this main holding member 13 is fixed on the center region of insulator 6, therefore the end of insulator 6 is not kept to be resisted against secondary adiabatic barrier 1.Thereby the peripheral portion of this insulator 6 is independent of secondary adiabatic barrier 1.Therefore, the bending deflection of insulator 6 can not hinder main holder 13.
In the present embodiment, in order to be equilibrated at the flexural stress in insulator 6, thereby avoid its distortion, 13 lateral insert 24 are parallel to minor face 25 and extend in the direction of the whole width of main insulator 6.This lateral insert 24 is configured to be placed at regular intervals on the longitudinal direction of main insulator 6.
The function of lateral insert 24 is the longitudinal rigidities that reduce at bottom panel 18.
Fig. 3 is the partial schematic diagram of lateral insert 24.This lateral insert 24 is not passed the whole thickness of plate 18.Therefore, bottom panel 18 reduce the longitudinal rigidity that part 26 keeps and produce the bottom panel 18 between two parts of the bottom panel 18 on each slot.
Lateral insert 24 has the degree of depth of 10 millimeters on bottom panel 18 and the width of 4 millimeters.
In contrast to lateral insert 24, groove 11 passes the thickness of base plate 18, and is divided into two side plates 22 and a center panel 21.Consequently, the lateral stiffness of bottom panel 18 lost efficacy.In order to re-establish to lateral stiffness between part 22 and central plate 21, use pad 27 for the present embodiment.These pads are shown in Fig. 4, and each pad 27 comprises a bar, have the cross section of the form of isosceles trapezoid.
According in a specific embodiment, it is 38 millimeters that each partition 27 has width, thickness be 24.5 millimeters base.Two sides of this trapezoid cross section have the inclination of 20 ° with respect to the thickness direction 28 perpendicular to bottom panel 20.
The upper surface that the pad 27 of this base 28 is fixed in median plate 21 and outer panel 22 in the mode of fork close on edge.Pad 27 is by being adhered, and bookbinding, is threaded and is fixed in bottom panel 18.In addition, groove 11 partly extends to the thickness of 27 one 12 millimeters, pad.
This pad 27 produces the rigidity of bottom panel 18 by connecting the connected element 21 and 22 of bottom panel 18, make raised brim 12 be positioned in groove 11 simultaneously.This bottom panel 18 of being fixed by pad has compensated in the time that insulator stands temperature difference and the rigidity of bending top board 20.In addition, this pad 27 avoids the stress of the foam layer 19 of groove 11 and heat insulation layer to concentrate.
In order to hold pad 27, heat insulation foam layer 19 has and the similar shape of pad 27.That the part of these shells can have a size identical with pad 27 or showing larger size, to allow the gap between pad 27 and heat insulation foam layer 19.
For bonding bottom panel 18, can sequentially carry out below: shell is processed to heat insulation foam layer 19 and pad 27 is fixed in bottom panel 18.Then this bottom panel 18 bonds to heat insulation foam layer 19.
Preferably, multiple pads 27 are fixed and arrange along the length of described insulator 6, fork groove 11.In addition, this pad 27 is preferred, aims in isolated mode.In this mode, pad 27 is not along the length stiffened bottom panel 18 of bottom panel.
An inverted T-shaped groove 9 extends along each groove 11.
Avoid the bending of insulator 6 for the compensation of flexural stress, to guarantee that insulator 6 is bearing in secondary adiabatic barrier 2 on its whole lower surface.For example, this compensation can provide an insulator 6, its maximum deflection be above-mentioned heat gradient impact under be out of shape 1 millimeter.In addition, this compensation is limited in the power of described anchoring device 6, and the stress of the material of various of minimizing insulator 6 is wherein concentrated.In addition, main fluid seal film 4 is not main insulator 6 bendings by supporting it.
With reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, a kind of alternative pad is that the metal forming part 29 of being made up of stainless steel is made.With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, show profiled member 29.Profiled member 32 is fixed on bottom panel 18 times and holds the raised brim 12 of metal floor 10.For this purpose, it is U-shaped 32 that profiled member 29 has, and it extends 25mm in groove 11 on thickness direction 28.This plate 91 is connected to the U-shaped branch 32 of profiled member described in each, and forms flange, and this flange extends in the direction of lower side that is parallel to bottom panel 18.These two plates 91 are respectively fixed to center panel 21 and the side plate on surface 30, and this surface 30 is with respect to past the pushing back of lower surface of bottom panel 18.By this way, this formation part 29 does not stretch out bottom panel 29.This pad can be by riveted joint, is threaded, and bonding or some other means of fixation connects.
Shown in figure 2, in contrast to the method for this bottom panel 18 of adhesion, this profiled member 29 can be fixed after bottom panel adhesion.
It is 38 millimeters that each profiled member 29 has a width, and thickness is the base of 24.5 millimeters.Two sides of this trapezoid cross section have the inclination angle of 20 ° with respect to the thickness direction 28 perpendicular to bottom panel 20.
Each profiled member 29 is to be formed by the tinsel of a 3mm thickness.This profiled member 29 extends 25mm in short transverse 28.Width and the Liang GeUXing branch 32 of profiled member 29 between width be respectively 50 millimeters and 6 millimeters.
Described pad 27 is had to similar mode, and multiple drip moldings 29 are fixing and side by side for each groove 11 of base plate 18.This layout is shown in Fig. 6, wherein shows one and is similar to insulator 6 in Fig. 2.Every two grooves 11 have six profiled members 29.Profiled member 29 extends between two lateral insert 24, or extends between an edge of a lateral insert 24 and bottom panel 18.
More specifically, every one end of groove 11 has a profiled member 29, and this profiled member 29 separates by three lateral insert 24 subsequently, except two central profiled member 29 juxtapositions are in each side of lateral insert 24.
Fig. 7 to Fig. 9 illustrates that another is suitable for the insulator of main adiabatic barrier.This insulator 6 is of a size of and is similar to the insulator in Fig. 2 and has similar top panel 20.One upper thermal insulating layer 32 is bonded in top board 20 times, and the intermediate plate 31 with the thickness of 4mm sticks in upper thermal insulating layer 32 times.
One lower heat insulation foam layer 33 has the thickness identical with upper thermal insulating layer 32, this heat insulation foam layer adhesion and extend in the below of intermediate plate 31.This bottom panel 18 sticks in this lower level 33 and bears secondary fluid sealing film.This bottom panel 18 and top panel 20 all have identical thickness, for example 12 millimeters.
Cross groove 34 and longitudinal fluting 11 cut off the orthogonal section 35 of this bottom panel.This transverse groove 34 and cannelure 11 extend in described insulator and centre panel 31 lower ends.More specifically, this groove is processed to the degree of depth of 35mm, and to have thickness be separately 4 millimeters and 8 millimeters.These grooves limit lower heat insulation layer 33 and bottom panel 18.This cannelure 11 holds the raised brim 12 of floor 11.
But the size of these grooves 11 and 34 can be different.Therefore, in a modification, these grooves 11 and 34 pass completely through lower thermal insulating layer 33, thereby finish in centre panel 31.
The bottom panel 18 that this cross groove 34 and longitudinal fluting 11 are cut apart and lower thermal insulating layer 33.By this way, this transverse groove 34 and cannelure 11 are likely eliminated respectively bottom panel 18 and horizontal and vertical flexural rigidity heat barrier foam layer 33.Therefore, this poor flexural stress of the thermal shrinkage based on thickness rank is avoided in lower heat insulation layer 33 and bottom panel 18.
In general fashion, bottom panel 18 and lower thermal insulating layer 33 to cut apart the thermal shrinkage having reduced between bottom panel 18 and heat insulation foam layer 33 and 32 poor, this cuts apart for base plate and heat insulation layer with respect to non-.
The function of centre panel 31 is the flexural stresses that are created in insulator, the flexural stress that this stress produces with respect to top panel 20.
With reference to shown in Fig. 7 to 9 insulator, this intermediate plate 31 is narrower than top board 20, this make can by strengthen top panel 20 compensate.In addition, the existence of centre panel 31 makes likely to avoid the stress in the bottom of groove 11 and 34 to concentrate.
In addition, this insulator can be reinforced and stablize to intermediate plate 31.
In a similar fashion, can be narrower than top panel 20 at the bottom panel 18 of insulator.Therefore, the insulator for adiabatic barrier in Fig. 1 can be made up of the insulator of similar Fig. 2 insulator 6, and wherein bottom panel 18 does not have lateral insert, but has less thickness, 4 millimeters instead of 12 millimeters.
In the another kind of modification of this insulator, bottom panel 18 and top panel 20 have identical thickness.But bottom panel 18 has the thermal expansion coefficient that is different from top panel 20.More specifically, described top board has the thermal expansion coefficient of 5.5x10-6 m/m/K, and this bottom panel 18 is to be made up of to have the material of thermal expansion coefficient that following manner calculates a kind of:
α top panel x Δ T top panel =α bottom panel x Δ T bottom panel
Wherein Δ T top panel with Δ T bottom panel in the time that tank is injected in the difference between ambient temperature, the temperature that panel 18 and 20 stands separately.In this mode, the thermal shrinkage of panel 18 and 20 is identical, and temperature difference is set up.
Above-mentioned insulator can be applied to level heat screen barrier one time.
Above-mentioned tank can be applied to dissimilar facility, such as a land based installation or a floating pipe, as a film tank or its analog.
This tank can be different known geometrical shape, for example, at cylinder hull or the prism hull of boats and ships or land.Referring to Figure 10, the sectional view of a methane oil tanker 70 has shown the sealing and the isolated storage tank 71 that are arranged on boats and ships bivalve 72 interior prism shapes.Tank wall 71 comprises that primary seal barrier is intended to contact with the LNG Liquefied natural gas in storage tank, the second insulation barrier is arranged in the bivalve of primary seal barrier and ship, and two insulation barriers are arranged between primary seal barrier and the second sealing barrier and the second sealing barrier and bivalve 72.
In a kind of self mode, the load/unload pipeline that is arranged on the upper deck pipeline of ship can be connected to sea or terminal on the bank by suitable Placement, thereby LNG goods is shifted or is transferred to from storage tank 71 storage tank 71.
Figure 10 represents a maritime terminal, and it comprises 75, one, load/unload station submarine pipeline 76 and a land device 77.This load/unload station 75 is fixing offshore devices, it comprises transfer arm 74 and for supporting the tower 78 of transfer arm 74, transfer arm 74 is carried on a bundle insulation flexible pipeline 79 that load/unload pipeline 73 is connected, and displacement arm 74 is adapted to the ship loadometer of all methane oil tankers.One connecting tube (not shown), extends to the inside of tower 78.Loading and unloading station 75 can make methane oil tanker 70 be offloaded to onshore applications 77 or load methane oil tanker 70 from onshore applications 77, and the latter's device comprises liquefied gas storage 80 and is connected to the connecting tube 81 at loading or unloading station 75 by submarine pipeline 76.Submarine pipeline 76 transmits liquid gas very large distance internal conversion between loading or unloading station 75 and onshore applications 77, for example, have 5 kilometers, and this makes methane oil tanker 70 remain on bank off sea in loading and unloading operating process very large distance.
In order to produce the required pressure of conversion liquid gas, can use at the boat-carrying pump of ship 70 and/or be arranged on the pump of onshore applications 77 and/or be equipped on the pump at loading and unloading station 75.
Although the present invention is described in conjunction with specific embodiment, clearly, this is never limited to this, and the method for its description and all technical equivalents things of combination within its scope of the present invention of comprising.
The verb using " has ", and other outside not getting rid of described in those claims of " comprising " and " comprising " and their combining form exist element or step.Element or step are used to indefinite article " ", and " one " or " " one, unless otherwise described, can not get rid of multiple such elements or step and exist.
In the claims, the reference symbol in any bracket should not be construed as limitations on claims.

Claims (12)

1. be arranged on the sealed, thermally insulated tank in the bearing structure (8) for comprising a cryogen,,
It is characterized in that having on a tank skin:
One sealing barrier (2,4), for contacting with the product in this tank,
The one adiabatic barrier (1,3) of being made by multiple insulator (5,6), thus this insulator is the unified stayed surface substantially for sealing barrier that forms arranged side by side,
One insulator, has a parallelepiped substantially and comprises:
One rigidity heat insulation layer (19,33),
One top plate (20), this top plate is fixed on this rigidity heat insulation layer and supports sealing barrier, and this top plate has a thermal expansion coefficient, and this thermal expansion coefficient is less than the thermal expansion coefficient of heat insulation layer, and
One rigidity bottom panel (18), this rigidity bottom panel is fixed on this rigidity heat insulation layer below, and this rigidity bottom panel has a thermal expansion coefficient, and this thermal expansion coefficient is less than the thermal expansion coefficient of heat insulation layer,
This tank skin also has a level sealing barrier (2) and a level heat screen barrier (1),
Wherein, this secondary seal barrier has the parallel band (10) of sheet metal, the outstanding inside towards tank of longitudinal edge (12) of this sheet metal, and parallel weld flange is supported on secondary adiabatic barrier, and the outstanding inside towards this tank, under different situations, this parallel weld flange is between two bands of sheet metal, thereby formation one has the seal weld contact of contiguous longitudinal edge, the band of this sheet metal and this weld flange extend at the longitudinal direction (23) of the insulator of this main adiabatic barrier, this main adiabatic barrier is arranged on secondary seal barrier,
This longitudinal edge and weld flange are given prominence at longitudinal direction (11) upper, and pass this bottom panel (18) and extend on the thickness of heat insulation layer of this insulator, and extending the longitudinal side that is parallel to insulator,
Wherein, this bottom panel has lateral insert (24), and this lateral insert extends through a part for the thickness of bottom panel (18), and this lateral insert is extended in the direction perpendicular to longitudinal low groove (11).
2. sealed, thermally insulated tank as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this insulator also has a upper thermal insulating layer (32) being bonded under top plate, with the centre panel (31) being bonded under upper thermal insulating layer (32), described rigidity heat insulation layer (33) forms a lower heat insulation layer (33) being fixed under centre panel (31), and this bottom panel (18) is fixed under heat insulation layer
This insulator has through bottom panel and extends through described longitudinal low groove (11) and the described lateral insert (34) of thickness (33) of lower thermal insulating layer,
This longitudinal fluting and lateral insert are extended the longitudinal side that is parallel and perpendicular to this insulator separately.
3. sealed, thermally insulated tank as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, this longitudinal low groove (11) and this lateral insert (34) are by the whole thickness of this lower thermal insulating layer (33).
4. the sealed, thermally insulated tank as described in any one in claim 1-3, is characterized in that, this bottom panel has longitudinal bottom panel part (21,22) of being delimited by longitudinal low groove (11),
Elongated pad (27,29) is fixed between longitudinal bottom surface sections parts of two vicinities in the mode of diverging, thereby makes this bottom panel stiffened,
This pad extends on the thickness direction of heat insulation layer, and delimits an interval, wherein, and this longitudinal edge and and weld flange extension.
5. sealed, thermally insulated tank as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, this pad (27) is the end face that is fixed on longitudinal bottom panel (21,22) by base (28), the base (28) of this pad also has a passage, and this passage is along this pad extension and delimit described interval.
6. sealed, thermally insulated tank as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, this pad has a U-shaped profile (32), and this pad has a flange (91) at these U-shaped two ends,
This longitudinal bottom panel part has outer surface (30), and this outer surface is under longitudinal bottom panel part, and the flange of this profile elements is fixed on this longitudinal bottom panel.
7. the sealed, thermally insulated tank as described in any one in claim 4 to 6, is characterized in that, multiple pads (27,29) are fixed between two adjacent longitudinal surface plate portions in the mode of diverging and align.
8. sealed, thermally insulated tank as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this bottom panel (18) has a thermal expansion coefficient, and this thermal expansion coefficient is greater than the thermal expansion coefficient of this top plate (20).
9. sealed, thermally insulated tank as claimed in any of claims 1 to 8 in one of claims, is characterized in that, in the time that this tank skin stands the inside and outside temperature difference at tank, by differential expansion, this top plate can produce a flexural stress upwards in this insulator,
In the time that this tank skin stands the inside and outside temperature difference at tank, by differential expansion, this bottom panel can produce a downward flexural stress in this insulator,
This top plate, bottom panel and heat insulation layer are set like this and make the compensation mutually substantially of this flexural stress of being produced by differential expansion, to avoid in the time that tank skin stands in the temperature difference between tank inside and outside, the distortion that insulator bending causes.
10. one kind for transporting the ship (70) of cold fluid product, and this gear has a bivalve (72) and to be placed on the tank as described in claim 1 to 9 in this bivalve.
The use of 11. 1 kinds of ships for loading or unloading one cold fluid product as claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, one cold fluid product is by insulated piping (73,79,76,81) from one float or land storage device (77) be sent to the tank (71) of this ship from the tank of this ship be sent to one float or land storage device.
12. 1 kinds of systems for the transmission of cold fluid product, described system comprises ship as claimed in claim 10, be provided with insulated piping (73,79,76,81) thus tank (71) in shell is floated or land storage device (77) is connected with one, an and pump, it is sent to the storage tank of described ship or is sent to and floats or land storage device from the storage tank of described ship from unsteady or land storage device for driving cold fluid product by isolated pipe.
CN201380009503.9A 2012-02-20 2013-02-18 Insulation for sealed, thermally insulated tank Active CN104145154B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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FR1251523 2012-02-20
FR1251523A FR2987100B1 (en) 2012-02-20 2012-02-20 CALORIFYING ELEMENTS FOR SEALED AND THERMALLY INSULATED TANKS
PCT/FR2013/050325 WO2013124573A1 (en) 2012-02-20 2013-02-18 Insulating elements for sealed and thermally insulated tank

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CN104145154B CN104145154B (en) 2016-12-21

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FR2987100A1 (en) 2013-08-23
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FR2987100B1 (en) 2015-04-10
KR102047992B1 (en) 2019-12-02
CN104145154B (en) 2016-12-21

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