CN104137746A - Rhubarb floating seedling and transplanting method - Google Patents
Rhubarb floating seedling and transplanting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104137746A CN104137746A CN201310162201.7A CN201310162201A CN104137746A CN 104137746 A CN104137746 A CN 104137746A CN 201310162201 A CN201310162201 A CN 201310162201A CN 104137746 A CN104137746 A CN 104137746A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rhubarb floating seedling and transplanting method and relates to the technical field of plantation of Chinese medicinal herbs. The method includes the steps: firstly, adopting a greenhouse facility; secondly, seeding; thirdly, cultivating and fertilizing; fourthly, transplanting. The step of sowing includes: 1, bud forcing treatment: soaking for 6-8 hours in warm water at the temperature of 18-20 DEG C, covering with gauze, and flushing with cold water for 2-3 times every day; 2, filling of seedling raising plates: filling a prepared culture medium into the seedling raising plates, and punching for standby application by a puncher; 3, sowing: sowing seeds into holes, wherein one to two seeds are sowed in each hole, and sowing depth is 0.5cm. The step of cultivating and fertilizing includes: water injection, plate placement, environment management, seedling emergence and fertilization. Transplanting is generally carried out in a 'three leaf and one core' period, namely each seedling grows out three main leaves and one plant core, and transplanting is carried out in spring, summer and autumn. By the rhubarb floating seedling and transplanting method, the problems of limits of physioclimate conditions, seedling supply time concentration, low seedling yield per mu, high labor demand, high seed consumption, low germination percentage of seeds sowed in land and the like in rhubarb plantation are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese medicine planting technology field, be specifically related to that rheum officinale is grown seedlings and transplanting method.
Background technology
Rheum officinale is conventional Chinese medicine, and rheum officinale cultivation is in the existing long history of China, and China's rheum officinale carries out with seedling raising and transplanting and direct-seeding always, seedling raising and transplanting is generally in sowing in spring, and through cultivation in a year, Second Year was transplanted spring, through the production of 2 years, excavated to the 3rd year autumn.After seeding and seedling raising in spring, can dig young plant through 1 year and transplant at present; Have indivedual employing planteds in fall, autumn sowing, through 1 year 05 months, can be dug transplantation of seedlings to the 3rd year spring.Grow seedlings every mu 3-5 ten thousand young plants can be provided.
The implantation methods existent defect of above-mentioned rheum officinale is: (1) is limited by natural climate condition, and nursery stage time that occupies cultivated land is long, more than 360 days.(2) provide the seedling time to concentrate, seedling can not be provided in good time.(3) mu is produced seedling negligible amounts.(4) artificial consumption is large.(5) sowing quantity is large, and the percentage of seedgermination of field seeding is low, and has part plantation to postpone till Second Year just to germinate.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides rheum officinale floating seedlings and transplanting method, the invention solves rheum officinale plantation existence and limited by natural climate condition, provide the seedling time to concentrate, mu is produced seedling negligible amounts, the problems such as artificial consumption is large, and sowing quantity is large, and the percentage of seedgermination of field seeding is low.
For addressing the above problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme: rheum officinale floating seedlings and transplanting method, it is characterized in that, and concrete steps are:
One, adopt following facilities and equipment
1, booth facility: with booth or simple and easy bamboo radwood canopy, establish nursery pond in canopy;
2, in canopy, establish pond;
3, environment conditioning equipment: canopy machine arranges spray, auxiliary heat, the facility that ventilates, shelters from heat or light, the environment control such as be convenient to spray, auxiliary heat, ventilate, shelter from heat or light;
4, seedling-cultivating tray;
5, medium: comprise that (1) is for following quality is than raw material: husk, wood sawdust and become thoroughly decomposed mixture 50%+ coal ash 10%+ mud or peat composed of rotten mosses 15%+ perlite 25% form;
(2) husk, wood sawdust, the diameter 3mm aperture sieve 60% of becoming thoroughly decomposed are added to fine perlite 25%+ mud or peat composed of rotten mosses 15%+ coal ash 10% again;
6, fertilizer is prepared: for ammonium nitrate is main, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 2:1:2;
7, seed preparation: rheum officinale seed 10kg--12kg for mu;
Two, sowing
1,18-20 degree emerge in worm water 6-8 hour is processed in vernalization, and with gauze covering, with cold water punching 2～3 times, found that there is seed sprouting with regard to sowing in time every day;
2, load seedling-cultivating tray: the medium configuring is loaded in seedling-cultivating tray, for subsequent use with card punch punching;
3, sowing: seed is sown in hole to every bunch planting seed 1-2 grain, sowing depth 0.5cm;
Three, cultivate and apply fertilizer
1, water filling: industrial water meets traditional Chinese medicine GAP farmland irrigation water standard, checks at any time, keeps depth of water 8-10cm;
2, sale at reduced prices: the dish installing is placed on to culture pond kind, between seedling-cultivating tray, is close to, do not interspace as far as possible, prevent seedling-cultivating tray pond water see the bottom will be timely the moisturizing maintenance culture pond depth of water;
3, environmental management: rheum officinale existence temperature 0-30 degree, preference temperature 15-25 degree; Illumination: after germination,, to true leaf one leaf Seedling Stage, fine day, shelters from heat or light with one deck sun-proof net; Later stage generally can suitably be sheltered from heat or light, spray water, ventilates when high temperature at noon, and other growth periods do not need to shelter from heat or light;
4, emerge: dry seeds sowing is emerged for 10-15 days, and the planting seed 5--7 days that vernalization was processed is emerged;
5, fertilising: generally carry out at twice.For the first time: the neat rear fertilising of emerging, use according to the ratio of 500 grams of formula fertilizer 20-22 dish seedling-cultivating trays, for the second time: use in the one leaf phase of true leaf, fertilizing amount reduces by half;
6, transplanting time: generally, in " three one heart stages of leaf ", seedling grows into three true leaves, a plant heart, now transplants;
Four, transplant
Adopt spring cultivation, summer to plant or autumn cultivation:
1, the spring plant: the 3-5 month, can with winter last year cultivate the seedling of surviving the winter, also can with early spring cultivate seedling in early spring;
2, the summer plants: the 6-9 month, and select transplant the afternoon of cloudy day or fine day, after cultivation, water immediately normal root water one time, run through root, after one week, use liquid manure one time;
3, the autumn plants: the 10-11 month, the autumn plants because vegetative period is short, waters immediately normal root water after cultivation, uses liquid manure after one week one time.
Advantage of the present invention:
One, utilize floating culture technique, rheum officinale is grown seedlings and be not subject to seasonal restrictions
(1) adopt industrialized agriculture control weather conditions, not limited by external condition, the cultivation time is short, within 50-70 days, can become transplantation of seedlings.(2) original technology can only be concentrated for 1 year provides a collection of seedling, adopts flotation technique same piece of land can provide 5 times, and according to need of production, can produce continuously seedling, can realize three seasons of spring and summer autumn not transplanted by time restriction in land for growing field crops.Floating cultivation is at same nursery pond, adopts that artificial energy source is auxiliary to be heated, and within 1 year, can cultivate 5 and take turns, and also can meet 3 take turns and grow seedlings by natural conditions.Can, according to peasant household's transplanting time requirement, select seedtime in good time, seedling is provided according to schedule.
Two, improve rheum officinale breeding efficiency
(1) per mu yield seedling quantity is large, and one takes turns 500,000 strains of per mu yield seedling, and every mu can provide seedling 150-250 ten thousand strains every year, and seedling production efficiency improves 30-80 doubly; (2) artificial consumption reduces, and (3) sowing quantity is large, and the percentage of seedgermination of field seeding is low, and has part plantation to postpone till Second Year just to germinate.
Three, utilize floating culture technique to improve the breeding efficiency of rheum officinale seedling
(1) break the weather conditions restriction that rheum officinale is grown seedlings, be not subject to time restriction in season, realize the whole year and grow seedlings.(2) break the time restriction that rheum officinale is grown seedlings, shorten the rheum officinale seedling fostering time, cultivate and get final product seedling in about 60 days, for field-transplanting.Original technology can only be concentrated for 1 year provides a collection of seedling, adopts flotation technique according to need of production, to determine in advance seedtime, and planned growing seedlings can ensure to provide seedling in good time.Floating cultivation is at same nursery pond, adopts that artificial energy source is auxiliary to be heated, and within 1 year, can cultivate 5 and take turns, and only also can meet 3 by natural energy resources condition and take turns and grow seedlings.Can, according to peasant household's transplanting time requirement, select the sowing time, seedling is provided in good time; (3) shorten seedling raise period, per mu yield seedling quantity is large, and according to per mu yield seedling 30-50 ten thousand strains, annual 5 take turns calculating, and every mu can provide seedling 150-250 ten thousand strains every year; (4) artificial consumption reduces, and strain productive manpower cost reduction is more than 50%.(5) sowing quantity reduces, and germination rate of seed is high by 20%.
Embodiment
With best embodiment, the present invention is described in detail below
.
Rheum officinale floating seedlings and transplanting method, concrete steps are:
One, facilities and equipment
1, booth facility: with booth or simple and easy bamboo radwood canopy, establish nursery pond in canopy;
2, in canopy, establish pond: generally make the long 10m of interior sky, wide 2.7 m, the dark 0.25m in pond, length, width also can be according to actual conditions adjustment, do leakproof bed course or make leakage-proof water pool with cement with plastic film;
3, environment conditioning equipment: booth adopts semi-automatic or configuration full-automatic control equipment more, and canopy machine arranges spray, auxiliary heat, the facility that ventilates, shelters from heat or light, the environment control such as be convenient to spray, auxiliary heat, ventilate, shelter from heat or light;
4, seedling-cultivating tray: adopt the seedling-cultivating tray in 200 holes of 66.5 cm × 5.5, cm × 33.5 cm, the hole depth of growing seedlings 5 cm, aperture is up big and down small rectangular pyramid, the long 2.5cm of rim suitable for reading, lower end length of side 1.5cm;
5, medium: comprise that (1) is for following quality is than raw material: husk, wood sawdust and become thoroughly decomposed mixture 50%+ coal ash 10%+ mud or peat composed of rotten mosses 15%+ perlite 25% form;
(2) husk, wood sawdust, the diameter 3mm aperture sieve 60% of becoming thoroughly decomposed are added to fine perlite 25%+ mud or peat composed of rotten mosses 15%+ coal ash 10% again;
6, fertilizer is prepared: taking ammonium nitrate as main, the ratio of nitrogen phosphorus potassium is 2:1:2;
7, seed preparation: rheum officinale seed 10kg--12kg for mu;
Two, sowing
1,18-20 degree emerge in worm water 6-8 hour is processed in vernalization, and with gauze covering, with cold water punching 2～3 times, found that there is seed sprouting with regard to sowing in time every day;
2, load seedling-cultivating tray: the medium configuring is loaded in seedling-cultivating tray, for subsequent use with card punch punching;
3,sowing: seed is sown in hole to every bunch planting seed 1-2 grain, sowing depth 0.5cm;
Three, cultivate and apply fertilizer
1, water filling: industrial water meets traditional Chinese medicine GAP farmland irrigation water standard, checks at any time, keeps depth of water 8-10cm;
2, sale at reduced prices: the dish installing is placed on to culture pond kind, between seedling-cultivating tray, is close to, do not interspace as far as possible, prevent seedling-cultivating tray pond water see the bottom will be timely the moisturizing maintenance culture pond depth of water;
3, environmental management: rheum officinale existence temperature 0-30 degree, preference temperature 15-25 degree; Illumination: after germination,, to true leaf one leaf Seedling Stage, fine day, shelters from heat or light with one deck sun-proof net; Later stage generally can suitably be sheltered from heat or light, spray water, ventilates when high temperature at noon, and other growth periods do not need to shelter from heat or light;
4, emerge: dry seeds sowing is emerged for 10-15 days, and the planting seed 5--7 days that vernalization was processed is emerged;
5, fertilising: generally carry out at twice.For the first time: the neat rear fertilising of emerging, use according to the ratio of 500 grams of formula fertilizer 20-22 dish seedling-cultivating trays, for the second time: use in the one leaf phase of true leaf, fertilizing amount reduces by half;
6, transplanting time: generally transplant relatively good at " three one heart stages of leaf " (three true leaves, a plant heart).Early spring and late fall Seasonal Low Temperature, by self-heating photo-thermal, generally need 60-70 days transplant, during spring end to National Day 50-60 days transplant;
Four, transplant
This technology can continue to provide plantation seed, as long as there is cultivation requirement, just can be scheduled in advance, produces in time cultivation and uses rheum officinale seedling, and beyond the soil freezing phase in winter, the 4-11 month can be carried out the field-transplanting of rheum officinale, development commodity production.Cave, land for growing field crops plants, planting density, and mu is planted 1600--2000 strain: spacing in the rows 55-60cm, line-spacing 60-70cm, the dark 7--10cm in cave;
1, the spring plant: the 3-5 month, can with winter last year cultivate the seedling of surviving the winter, also can with early spring cultivate seedling in early spring.Basically identical with traditional field production, but under young plant, root is fast, grows vigorous;
2, the summer plants: the 6-9 month, and generally select transplant the afternoon of cloudy day or fine day, after cultivation, water immediately normal root water one time, run through root, after one week, use liquid manure one time;
3, the autumn plants: the 10-11 month, the autumn plants because vegetative period is short, waters immediately normal root water after cultivation, uses liquid manure after one week one time, to take root as early as possible, is beneficial to plant and survives the winter.
Rheum officinale floating seedlings technology, can not be subject to time restriction in season, according to peasant household's requirement, and the annual sustainable rheum officinale seedling that provides.
Three season of rheum officinale spring and summer autumn in good time transplantation technique, in the annual 3-11 month, can require provide seedling according to peasant household, carry out field-transplanting, development rheum officinale commodity production.
Finally it should be noted that: obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and the not restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here without also giving exhaustive to all embodiments.And the apparent variation of being amplified out thus or variation are still among protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. rheum officinale floating seedlings and transplanting method, is characterized in that, concrete steps are:
One, adopt following facilities and equipment
1), booth facility: with booth or simple and easy bamboo radwood canopy, establish nursery pond in canopy;
2), in canopy, establish pond;
3), environment conditioning equipment: canopy machine arranges spray, auxiliary heat, the facility that ventilates, shelters from heat or light, the environment control such as be convenient to spray, auxiliary heat, ventilate, shelter from heat or light;
4), seedling-cultivating tray;
5), medium: comprise that (1) is for following quality is than raw material: husk, wood sawdust and become thoroughly decomposed mixture 50%+ coal ash 10%+ mud or peat composed of rotten mosses 15%+ perlite 25% form;
(2) husk, wood sawdust, the diameter 3mm aperture sieve 60% of becoming thoroughly decomposed are added to fine perlite 25%+ mud or peat composed of rotten mosses 15%+ coal ash 10% again;
6), fertilizer is prepared: for ammonium nitrate is main, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is 2:1:2;
7), seed preparation: rheum officinale seed 10kg--12kg for mu;
Two, sowing
1), vernalization processes 18-20 degree emerge in worm water 6-8 hour, covers with gauze, with cold water punching 2～3 times, found that there is seed sprouting with regard to sowing in time every day;
2), load seedling-cultivating tray: the medium configuring is loaded in seedling-cultivating tray, for subsequent use with card punch punching;
3), sowing: seed is sown in hole to every bunch planting seed 1-2 grain, sowing depth 0.5cm;
Three, cultivate and apply fertilizer
1), water filling: industrial water meets traditional Chinese medicine GAP farmland irrigation water standard, checks at any time, keeps depth of water 8-10cm;
2), sale at reduced prices: the dish installing is placed on to culture pond kind, between seedling-cultivating tray, is close to, do not interspace as far as possible, prevent seedling-cultivating tray pond water see the bottom will be timely the moisturizing maintenance culture pond depth of water;
3), environmental management: rheum officinale existence temperature 0-30 degree, preference temperature 15-25 degree; Illumination: after germination,, to true leaf one leaf Seedling Stage, fine day, shelters from heat or light with one deck sun-proof net; Later stage generally can suitably be sheltered from heat or light, spray water, ventilates when high temperature at noon, and other growth periods do not need to shelter from heat or light;
4), emerge: dry seeds sowing is emerged for 10-15 days, and the planting seed 5--7 days that vernalization was processed is emerged;
5), fertilising: generally carry out at twice; For the first time: the neat rear fertilising of emerging, use according to the ratio of 500 grams of formula fertilizer 20-22 dish seedling-cultivating trays, for the second time: use in the one leaf phase of true leaf, fertilizing amount reduces by half;
6), transplanting time: generally, in " three one heart stages of leaf ", seedling grows into three true leaves, and a plant heart is now transplanted;
Four, transplant
Adopt spring cultivation, summer to plant or autumn cultivation:
1), the spring plant: the 3-5 month, can with winter last year cultivate the seedling of surviving the winter, also can with early spring cultivate seedling in early spring;
2), the summer plants: the 6-9 month, transplant the afternoon of selection cloudy day or fine day, waters immediately normal root water after cultivation one time, runs through root, uses liquid manure after one week one time;
3), the autumn plants: the 10-11 month, the autumn plants because vegetative period is short, waters immediately normal root water after cultivation, uses liquid manure after one week one time.
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| CN201310162201.7A CN104137746A (en) | 2013-05-06 | 2013-05-06 | Rhubarb floating seedling and transplanting method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105284343A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-02-03 | 董凯 | Culturing method for sorrel |
| CN109006296A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西卧龙江生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Rheum officinale underwood planting method |
| CN110447526A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-11-15 | 甘肃赫博陇药科技有限责任公司 | A kind of rheum officinale without native green method for culturing seedlings |
| CN110859126A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-03-06 | 常州市孟河双峰中草药科技有限公司 | Floating seedling raising method for gynostemma pentaphylla |
-
2013
- 2013-05-06 CN CN201310162201.7A patent/CN104137746A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105284343A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2016-02-03 | 董凯 | Culturing method for sorrel |
| CN105284343B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2018-01-16 | 董凯 | A kind of cultural method of sorrel |
| CN109006296A (en) * | 2018-08-16 | 2018-12-18 | 陕西卧龙江生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Rheum officinale underwood planting method |
| CN110859126A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-03-06 | 常州市孟河双峰中草药科技有限公司 | Floating seedling raising method for gynostemma pentaphylla |
| CN110447526A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-11-15 | 甘肃赫博陇药科技有限责任公司 | A kind of rheum officinale without native green method for culturing seedlings |
| CN110447526B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-04-16 | 甘肃赫博陇药科技有限责任公司 | Soilless green seedling culture method for rheum officinale |
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Application publication date: 20141112 |