CN104119530B - A kind of preparation method of Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes Download PDF

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CN104119530B
CN104119530B CN201410376418.2A CN201410376418A CN104119530B CN 104119530 B CN104119530 B CN 104119530B CN 201410376418 A CN201410376418 A CN 201410376418A CN 104119530 B CN104119530 B CN 104119530B
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polyaniline
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aniline
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CN104119530A (en
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樊新
杨哲伟
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Guilin University of Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation method of Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes.Aniline is dispersed in the aqueous solution containing different ratios urea, under the condition of ice-water bath, fully stirs, obtain uniform mixing solutions.Then dropwise oxidizing initiators is added---ammonium persulphate, causes aniline polymerization, reacts 12 hours under agitation, adulterate subsequently, obtain the Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes with tubular structure with the hydrochloric acid soln of 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L to resultant.The ratio capacitance of polyaniline nanotube prepared by the present invention is more much larger than polyaniline, prepared polyaniline nanotube has regular tubular structure and good chemical property, it is a kind of desirable electrode material for super capacitor, especially suitability for industrialized production is applicable to, and, urea is with low cost, wide material sources, and polyaniline nanotube preparation technology is simple, and the method is easy to large-scale promotion.

Description

A kind of preparation method of Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes
Technical field
The invention belongs to conductive nanotube preparing technical field, particularly one take urea as template, and aniline prepares the method for the Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes with ordered structure by self-assembly and in-situ polymerization.
Background technology
Polyaniline is as a kind of common conductive polymers, because its preparation is simple, with low cost, and there is good environmental stability and unique physics and chemistry character, usually be used to ultracapacitor, battery, sensor and corrosion-resistant field, obtain the concern energetically of countries in the world researcher.Particularly there is the electrically conductive polyaniline of nanostructure, because its particle diameter is minimum, the character such as specific surface area is large, the electron transfer rate that is exceedingly fast, imparts nano-conductive polyaniline material and there are many special performances not available for conventional blocks.
Polyaniline nanotube, owing to can provide passage easily for the diffusion of electrolyte ion and movement, shortens the distance of ion transportation, thus improves the efficiency of ion and electrode generation redox reaction, receive concern and the research of researcher.For example prepare Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes (Z.J.Gu, etal, Synthesisofpolyanilinenanotubeswithcontrolledrectangular orsquareporeshape.Mater.Lett.2014,121,12-14 with soft template method, H.J.Yin, etal, Synthesisofhigh-performanceone-dimensionalpolyanilinenan ostructuresusingdodecylbenzenesulfonicacidassofttemplate .Mater.Lett.2011,65,850-853, M.M.Sk, etal, Synthesisofpolyanilinenanotubesusingtheself-assemblybeha viorofvitaminC:amechanisticstudyandapplicationinelectroc hemicalsupercapacitors.J.Mater.Chem.A2014, 2, 2830-2838.) and without template synthesis Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes (Z.Z.Huang, etal, Preparationofpolyanilinenanotubesbyatemplate-freeself-as semblymethod.Mater.Lett.2011, 65, 2015-2018.), polyaniline nanotube prepared by above-mentioned various soft template method has regular tubular structure and has good chemical property, but in suitability for industrialized production, there is certain difficulty.Without template synthesis polyaniline, there is environmental protection, the advantage such as simple, but the pipe diameter size of gained polyaniline nanotube cannot controlled and irregularity, have impact on the chemical property of polyaniline to a certain extent.
Urea has good water-soluble, and wide material sources, and especially it intermolecularly forms a large amount of hydrogen bonds, is suitable as the template of preparation nano material.Making Template preparation polyaniline nanotube with urea is a kind of simple and preparation method of environmental protection, and this thinking has no bibliographical information at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of is template with urea, is prepared the method for the Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes with ordered structure by the method for self-assembling technique and in-situ polymerization.
Concrete steps are:
(1) taking urea joins in the flask filling 30 ml deionized water, stirring at room temperature is after 0.5 hour, by flask transposition in ice-water bath, then in flask, add the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5 milliliter of aniline of having purified and 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L, stir 1 hour under the condition of ice-water bath, finally ammonium persulfate solution is dropwise added drop-wise in flask, stirs 12 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, obtained intermediate product; The urea taken is 0 ~ 2:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added, and in the ammonium persulfate solution dripped, ammonium persulphate is 1:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added.
(2) by the intermediate product filtering and washing that deionized water is obtained to step (1), until filtrate is in neutral, the hydrochloric acid soln of 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L is added again in filter cake, polyaniline is fully adulterated, finally filter cake to be inserted in the vacuum drying oven of 50 DEG C dry 24 hours, grinding is collected, i.e. obtained Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes.
The inventive method has the following advantages:
(1) the inventive method is by changing the mol ratio of urea and aniline, can obtain the polyaniline nano tube material that surface roughness, the internal diameter of pipe and length-to-diameter ratio are different.
(2) ratio capacitance of polyaniline nanotube prepared of the present invention is more much larger than polyaniline, prepared polyaniline nanotube has regular tubular structure and good chemical property, be a kind of desirable electrode material for super capacitor, be especially applicable to suitability for industrialized production.
(3) with low cost, the wide material sources of urea, polyaniline nanotube preparation technology is simple, and the method is easy to large-scale promotion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is SEM figure and the TEM figure of Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 4, and wherein (a) is SEM figure, and (b) is TEM figure.
Fig. 2 is the cyclic voltammetry curve that the Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes prepared of the embodiment of the present invention 1 and the electrically conductive polyaniline prepared of embodiment 6 are tested when scanning speed is 5mV/s; Wherein UREA-PANI is the cyclic voltammetry curve tested when scanning speed is 5mV/s of Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes prepared by embodiment 1, and PANI is the cyclic voltammetry curve that electrically conductive polyaniline prepared by embodiment 6 is tested when scanning speed is 5mV/s.
Embodiment
embodiment 1:
(1) taking urea joins in the flask filling 30 ml deionized water, stirring at room temperature is after 0.5 hour, by flask transposition in ice-water bath, then in flask, add the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5 milliliter of aniline of having purified and 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L, stir 1 hour under the condition of ice-water bath, finally ammonium persulfate solution is dropwise added drop-wise in flask, stirs 12 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, obtained intermediate product; The urea taken is 2:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added, and in the ammonium persulfate solution dripped, ammonium persulphate is 1:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added.
(2) by the intermediate product filtering and washing that deionized water is obtained to step (1), until filtrate is in neutral, the hydrochloric acid soln of 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L is added again in filter cake, polyaniline is fully adulterated, finally filter cake to be inserted in the vacuum drying oven of 50 DEG C dry 24 hours, grinding, i.e. obtained Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes.
embodiment 2:
(1) taking urea joins in the flask filling 30 ml deionized water, stirring at room temperature is after 0.5 hour, by flask transposition in ice-water bath, then in flask, add the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5 milliliter of aniline of having purified and 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L, stir 1 hour under the condition of ice-water bath, finally ammonium persulfate solution is dropwise added drop-wise in flask, stirs 12 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, obtained intermediate product; The urea taken is 1:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added, and in the ammonium persulfate solution dripped, ammonium persulphate is 1:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added.
(2) by the intermediate product filtering and washing that deionized water is obtained to step (1), until filtrate is in neutral, the hydrochloric acid soln of 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L is added again in filter cake, polyaniline is fully adulterated, finally filter cake to be inserted in the vacuum drying oven of 50 DEG C dry 24 hours, grinding, i.e. obtained Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes.
embodiment 3:
(1) taking urea joins in the flask filling 30 ml deionized water, stirring at room temperature is after 0.5 hour, by flask transposition in ice-water bath, then in flask, add the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5 milliliter of aniline of having purified and 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L, stir 1 hour under the condition of ice-water bath, finally ammonium persulfate solution is dropwise added drop-wise in flask, stirs 12 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, obtained intermediate product; The urea taken is 0.5:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added, and in the ammonium persulfate solution dripped, ammonium persulphate is 1:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added.
(2) by the intermediate product filtering and washing that deionized water is obtained to step (1), until filtrate is in neutral, the hydrochloric acid soln of 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L is added again in filter cake, polyaniline is fully adulterated, finally filter cake to be inserted in the vacuum drying oven of 50 DEG C dry 24 hours, grinding, i.e. obtained Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes.
embodiment 4:
(1) taking urea joins in the flask filling 30 ml deionized water, stirring at room temperature is after 0.5 hour, by flask transposition in ice-water bath, then in flask, add the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5 milliliter of aniline of having purified and 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L, stir 1 hour under the condition of ice-water bath, finally ammonium persulfate solution is dropwise added drop-wise in flask, stirs 12 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, obtained intermediate product; The urea taken is 0.25:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added, and in the ammonium persulfate solution dripped, ammonium persulphate is 1:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added.
(2) by the intermediate product filtering and washing that deionized water is obtained to step (1), until filtrate is in neutral, the hydrochloric acid soln of 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L is added again in filter cake, polyaniline is fully adulterated, finally filter cake to be inserted in the vacuum drying oven of 50 DEG C dry 24 hours, grinding, i.e. obtained Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes.
embodiment 5:
(1) taking urea joins in the flask filling 30 ml deionized water, stirring at room temperature is after 0.5 hour, by flask transposition in ice-water bath, then in flask, add the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5 milliliter of aniline of having purified and 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L, stir 1 hour under the condition of ice-water bath, finally ammonium persulfate solution is dropwise added drop-wise in flask, stirs 12 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, obtained intermediate product; The urea taken is 0.1:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added, and in the ammonium persulfate solution dripped, ammonium persulphate is 1:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added.
(2) by the intermediate product filtering and washing that deionized water is obtained to step (1), until filtrate is in neutral, the hydrochloric acid soln of 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L is added again in filter cake, polyaniline is fully adulterated, finally filter cake to be inserted in the vacuum drying oven of 50 DEG C dry 24 hours, grinding, i.e. obtained Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes.
embodiment 6:
(1) by fill 30 ml deionized water flask from room temperature transposition in ice-water bath, then in flask, add the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5 milliliter of aniline of having purified and 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L, stir 1 hour under the condition of ice-water bath, finally ammonium persulfate solution is dropwise added drop-wise in flask, stir 12 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, obtained intermediate product; In the ammonium persulfate solution dripped, ammonium persulphate is 1:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added.
(2) by the intermediate product filtering and washing that deionized water is obtained to step (1), until filtrate is in neutral, the hydrochloric acid soln of 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L is added again in filter cake, polyaniline is fully adulterated, finally filter cake to be inserted in the vacuum drying oven of 50 DEG C dry 24 hours, grinding, i.e. obtained Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes.

Claims (1)

1. a preparation method for Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes, is characterized in that concrete steps are:
(1) taking urea joins in the flask filling 30 ml deionized water, stirring at room temperature is after 0.5 hour, by flask transposition in ice-water bath, then in flask, add the hydrochloric acid soln of 0.5 milliliter of aniline of having purified and 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L, stir 1 hour under the condition of ice-water bath, finally ammonium persulfate solution is dropwise added drop-wise in flask, stirs 12 hours under the condition of ice-water bath, obtained intermediate product; The urea taken is 0.1 ~ 2:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added, and in the ammonium persulfate solution dripped, ammonium persulphate is 1:1 with the mol ratio of the aniline added;
(2) by the intermediate product filtering and washing that deionized water is obtained to step (1), until filtrate is in neutral, the hydrochloric acid soln of 2 milliliter of 1 mol/L is added again in filter cake, polyaniline is fully adulterated, finally filter cake to be inserted in the vacuum drying oven of 50 DEG C dry 24 hours, grinding, i.e. obtained Preparation of conductive polyaniline nanotubes.
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CN104892935B (en) * 2015-05-21 2017-03-01 安徽大学 A kind of method of synthesized polyaniline nanotube
CN105037717A (en) * 2015-08-27 2015-11-11 桂林理工大学 Method for preparing conductive polyaniline nanotube by taking glucose as template
CN105131281A (en) * 2015-10-09 2015-12-09 桂林理工大学 Method for manufacturing conductive polyaniline nanotube by using xylitol as template
CN105131282A (en) * 2015-10-09 2015-12-09 桂林理工大学 Method for preparing conductive polyaniline nanotube by taking sucrose as template
CN105906805A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-08-31 桂林理工大学 Method for preparing conductive polyaniline nanotubes by taking niacin as template and dopant

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