CN104115769A - Method for establishing giant freshwater prawn ideal protein mode - Google Patents
Method for establishing giant freshwater prawn ideal protein mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN104115769A CN104115769A CN201410227736.2A CN201410227736A CN104115769A CN 104115769 A CN104115769 A CN 104115769A CN 201410227736 A CN201410227736 A CN 201410227736A CN 104115769 A CN104115769 A CN 104115769A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for establishing a giant freshwater prawn ideal protein mode. The suitable needed amount of each kind of EAA in the fodder in the method is calculated according the following formula: the required amount of each kind of EAA (g16g - 1N) = EAA contrast * (2 - DEL - (NR test/NR contrast)), wherein according to the EAA contrast, the content corresponding to the EAA in the fodder is contrasted; according to the DEL, the deduction rate corresponding to the EAA in group fodder is tested; according to the NR test, the nitrogen deposition (mg gMBW - 1day - 1) of group prawns is contrasted. The method for establishing the giant freshwater prawn ideal protein mode overcomes the defect that in the past, a feed formula can not guarantee the balance of all amino acids, particularly the ten kinds of necessary amino acids, so that the nutritive value of fodder protein is influenced and the cost is high. The method fills the blank related to the ideal protein mode in the nutrient requirement parameters of the giant freshwater prawns, the proportional relation of the ten kinds of necessary amino acids is determined, and low protein high-efficiency environment-friendly giant freshwater prawn compound fodder which is balance in amino acid, high in bioavailability and obvious in price advantage is prepared.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to Nutrition and Feed of Aquatic Animals section, particularly the foundation of Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern.
Background technology
Protein is that aquatic livestock obtains energy, promotes growth, regulates and controls the most important nutrient of organism metabolism.After animal is mainly little peptide and amino acid (AA) by a series of digestion processes of body by protein degradation to the utilization of feed protein, then absorb, so proteinaceous nutrient its essence is amino acid nutrient.The amino acid of constitutive protein matter has 20 kinds, and wherein having 10 seed amino acids is that aquatic livestock can not be synthesized in vivo, must provide by feed or bait, is called essential amino acid (EAA); In other amino acid animal body, can synthesize, be difficult for lacking, be called dispensable amino acid (NEAA).Theoretical according to proteinaceous nutrient, dietary protein level is suitable, and digestibility is higher, and the amino acid of constitutive protein matter is got over balance, and amino acid ratio more approaches the needs of animal, and the quality of protein is better, and nutritive value is higher.Conventionally single feed difficulty has met the needs of animal, if by multiple feed formulation, learnt from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses each other, cover the shortage, just likely make more balance of feed amino acid, the complementation of Here it is protein, is also the theoretical foundation of modern compound feed prescription design.
The core parameter of design perfect compound feed is Animal nutrition requirement.For Macrobrachium rosenbergii, only there are at present the lysine listed in manufactured feed marine industry standard and the Minimum requirements of two kinds of indexs of sulfur amino acid, not yet definite to the requirement of other 8 kinds of essential amino acids, the Macrobrachium rosenbergii feed amino acid of preparation is difficult to reach balance with this understanding, and protein quality difficulty guarantees.
Before the present invention, people only grasp the index parameter of Macrobrachium rosenbergii lysine and sulfur amino acid, not yet definite to the demand parameter of other 8 kinds of essential amino acids, while causing designing feed formula, difficulty has guaranteed the particularly balance of 10 kinds of essential amino acids of all amino acid, thereby affects the nutritive value of feed protein; In addition, in actual breeding production, Macrobrachium rosenbergii Feedstuff Enterprises is often prepared high protein level feed, uses in a large number imported fish meal, causes Macrobrachium rosenbergii feed price high, and raiser's aquaculture cost increases, and income reduces.Meanwhile, too high feed protein also can increase the excretion of shrimp body nitrogen, causes breeding water body eutrophication, affects growth and the ecology of water of shrimp.Obviously, be necessary to consider the nutritional need of 10 kinds of essential amino acids of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, be key and the developing direction addressing this problem according to Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern preparation low-protein amino acid balanced feed comprehensively.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is just to overcome above-mentioned defect, studies a kind of foundation of Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The foundation of Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern, its technical characteristics is:
The adequate requirement of setting up every kind of EAA in feed calculates as follows:
The requirement of each EAA (g16g-1N)=EAA contrast * (2-DEL-(NR test/NR contrast))
Wherein,
EAA contrast: the content of corresponding EAA in control feed;
DEL: the deduction rate of corresponding EAA in experimental group feed;
NR test: the nitrogen retention of experimental group shrimp (mg gMBW-1day-1);
NR contrast: the nitrogen retention of control group shrimp (mg gMBW-1day-1).
Advantage of the present invention and effect are:
1. the present invention has filled up relevant this blank of ideal protein pattern in Macrobrachium rosenbergii nutrient requirement parameter.
2. in existing compound feed for Macrobrachium rosenbergii standard (the marine industry standard SC/T1066-2003 of the People's Republic of China (PRC)), only list lysine and sulfur amino acid index, other 8 kinds of essential amino acids do not relate to.The invention provides Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern, mainly comprised the proportionate relationship between 10 kinds of essential amino acids, because lysine requirement quantity research is more and substantially definite, by this pattern, the requirement of other 9 seed amino acids also just can be known, has greatly enriched particularly essential amino acid requirement index of relevant Macrobrachium rosenbergii amino acid.
3. the invention provides Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern, can instruct targetedly Macrobrachium rosenbergii Feeding Prescription Design, make that amino acid balance, bioavailability are high, the obvious low-protein efficient and environment-friendly type of price advantage compound feed for Macrobrachium rosenbergii, overcome conventional formulation when design ideal protein mode standard for want of, a few limiting amino acid (as lysine, methionine) index can only be considered, the deficiency of the balance of all essential amino acids can not be considered comprehensively.
Other concrete advantages of the present invention and effect will go on to say below.
Embodiment
Technical thought of the present invention is:
The present invention is Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern, and its achievement in research form is the relative scale relation between 10 kinds of essential amino acids of constitutive protein matter.Ideal protein refer between each seed amino acid, comprise between essential amino acid and essential amino acid and dispensable amino acid between there is the protein of optimum balance, in ideal protein, the required ratio of various amino acid ratios and animal fits like a glove.Animal should be 100% to the availability of ideal protein in theory.The key of preparation Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein feed is to grasp its ideal protein pattern.Adopt amino acid deduction method in conjunction with nitrogen balance test, research Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern, has obtained expected results, and its achievement in research is core content of the present invention.
Just illustrate the present invention below.
The present invention adopts amino acid deduction method, claims again depletion method.
Its basic principle is:
Body nitrogen retention depends on the intake of the first restricted AA, remove non-limiting AA on nitrogen retention without impact, nitrogen retention is directly proportional to the first restricted AA intake within the specific limits, when other EAA part excessive with respect to the first restricted AA deducted, do not affect nitrogen retention, and various AA are all when equal restricted unit, every kind of AA and nitrogen retention equate with the regression line slope between intake.According to deduction method principle, experimental group has been deducted respectively a certain proportion of certain EAA with respect to control group, and the possibility of result after deduction exists three kinds of patterns: if 1. certain AA of deduction is the first restricted AA, N deposition will farthest reduce; If 2. deduct certain AA to the impact of N deposition nothing, this kind of AA of part of deduction is excessive for the first restricted AA so; If 3. deducted after certain AA, the reduction degree of N deposition is between 1. and 2., can suitably adjust so deduction ratio and make to deduct it and do not affect N deposition.According to above hypothesis, in the situation that not affecting nitrogen retention, the adequate requirement of every kind of EAA in feed calculates as follows:
The requirement of each EAA (g16g-1N) in ideal protein pattern=EAA contrast * (2-DEL-(NR test/NR contrast))
Wherein,
EAA contrast: the content of corresponding EAA in control feed;
DEL: the deduction rate of corresponding EAA in experimental group feed;
NR test: the nitrogen retention of experimental group shrimp (mg gMBW-1day-1);
NR contrast: the nitrogen retention of control group shrimp (mg gMBW-1day-1).
Test is with reference to Macrobrachium rosenbergii muscle protein EAA pattern, prepare 11 kinds wait nitrogen (5.76%N), etc. fat (9.99%) feed, half nitrogen of control group feed is provided by fish meal, second half nitrogen is provided by coating crystal amino acid.10 kinds of experimental group feeds are on the basis of control group feed, to have deducted respectively a certain amount of a certain specific essential amino acid.The body length of throwing something and feeding is the Macrobrachium rosenbergii 40d that 2.16 ± 0.02cm, body weight are 0.76 ± 0.02g, measure and respectively organize feed and shrimp body amino acid content and nitrogen deposition respectively, apply above-mentioned formula and calculate every kind of EAA requirement and ratio, set up Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern.The results are shown in Table shown in 1.
Application note of the present invention:
The present invention is a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern, this pattern has been listed 10 kinds of essential amino acids and corresponding ratio data thereof, and these 10 kinds of essential amino acids are respectively lysine, arginine, threonine, methionine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, phenyl alanine, valine, tryptophan.One group of data represents in the needed essential amino acid of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, take lysine as 100, other amino acid are compared the relative scale relation of formation with lysine, wherein, arginine, isoleucine, leucic value are all greater than 100, show that Macrobrachium rosenbergii is higher than lysine to the requirement of this 3 seed amino acid.Other amino acid whose requirements are lower than lysine, and tryptophan requirement is minimum.
Table 1:
Be depicted as one group of data, represent a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern.
In table 1, listed the proportionate relationship between 10 kinds of essential amino acids of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, take lysine as 100, other amino acid are compared with lysine respectively and are formed 1 group of relative scale data.These group data not only contribute to grasp 10 kinds of essential amino acid requirements of Macrobrachium rosenbergii, and can the Macrobrachium rosenbergii feed formula of design based on ideal protein pattern.During practical application, as long as know wherein certain 1 seed amino acid requirement (conventionally selecting lysine), other 9 seed amino acid requirements just can obtain easily according to aforementioned proportion relation; During design feed formula, can be according to the size of data in pattern, select targetedly the feedstuff that amino acid content characteristic is strong to carry out formula Design, 10 kinds of essential amino acid requirements of joined feed are converted into and take the relative scale that lysine is 100, and with above-mentioned mode standard comparison, through repeatedly adjusting, can design Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein feed formula.Because ideal protein availability is high, in the situation that not affecting Macrobrachium rosenbergii growth performance and efficiency of feed utilization, dietary protein level can be turned down to 2%-4% than routine.
During practical application, can implement following work:
1. determine essential amino acid requirement.For example, determined that after deliberation Macrobrachium Rosenbergii Juvenile lysine requirement amount is 1.59%, according to pattern, can calculate the requirement (in Table 2) of other 9 kinds of essential amino acids.
Arginine requirement=1.59*167.77/100=2.67
The rest may be inferred by analogy
Table 2:
2. as shown in table 3, compare feed or feedstuff amino acid balance.For example, existing two kinds of fish meal (fish meal A, fish meal B), the height that need to compare these two kinds of fish meal protein matter nutritive values, first measure fish meal amino acid content, then take lysine content as 100, calculate other amino acid with respect to the ratio (in Table 3) of lysine, again with the comparison of Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern, numerical value is more approaching, and expression amino acid is got over balance, and its protein more approaches ideal protein.
Table 3:
3. instruct preparation based on ideal protein pattern Macrobrachium rosenbergii feed.For example, when design compound feed for Macrobrachium rosenbergii formula, a certain formula feed amino acid content and ratio are analyzed, and compare with mode data provided by the invention that (past is not because there is no pattern, cannot compare), discovery except arginine and isoleucine ratio on the low side, other amino acid ratios are substantially approaching.Now, we can suitably adjust formula, select higher cottonseed flour and higher corn protein powder, the hydrolyzed feather meal of isoleucine content of arginine content to design as feedstuff, just can reach very soon satisfied result.
Claims (1)
1. the foundation of Macrobrachium rosenbergii ideal protein pattern, is characterized in that:
The adequate requirement of setting up every kind of EAA in feed calculates as follows:
The requirement of each EAA (g16g-1N)=EAA contrast * (2-DEL-(NR test/NR contrast))
Wherein,
EAA contrast: the content of corresponding EAA in control feed;
DEL: the deduction rate of corresponding EAA in experimental group feed;
NR test: the nitrogen retention of experimental group shrimp (mg gMBW-1day-1);
NR contrast: the nitrogen retention of control group shrimp (mg gMBW-1day-1).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104543506A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-29 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业发展有限公司 | Low-pollution feed for fishes and shrimps |
| CN115444078A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-09 | 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院(山东省海洋环境监测中心、山东省水产品质量检验中心) | Amino acid balance method of non-grain plant protein based on enzymolysis hydration reaction |
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| CN103283652A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-11 | 东台市旺通农业发展有限公司 | Efficient ecological breeding method of giant freshwater prawns |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103283652A (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-09-11 | 东台市旺通农业发展有限公司 | Efficient ecological breeding method of giant freshwater prawns |
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| H PERES等: "The optimum dietary amino acid profile for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles", 《AQUACULTURE》 * |
| 孙龙生等: "水产动物理想蛋白质模式研究进展", 《动物营养学报》 * |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104543506A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-04-29 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业发展有限公司 | Low-pollution feed for fishes and shrimps |
| CN115444078A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-12-09 | 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院(山东省海洋环境监测中心、山东省水产品质量检验中心) | Amino acid balance method of non-grain plant protein based on enzymolysis hydration reaction |
| CN115444078B (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2024-05-31 | 山东省海洋资源与环境研究院(山东省海洋环境监测中心、山东省水产品质量检验中心) | Amino acid balance method of non-grain vegetable protein based on enzymolysis hydration reaction |
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