CN104106462A - Method for applying and popularizing porphyra yezoensis fine seeds - Google Patents
Method for applying and popularizing porphyra yezoensis fine seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104106462A CN104106462A CN201410318452.4A CN201410318452A CN104106462A CN 104106462 A CN104106462 A CN 104106462A CN 201410318452 A CN201410318452 A CN 201410318452A CN 104106462 A CN104106462 A CN 104106462A
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- 241000206613 Pyropia yezoensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical compound O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004155 Chlorine dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019398 chlorine dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000206607 Porphyra umbilicalis Species 0.000 description 16
- 241000206609 Porphyra Species 0.000 description 5
- 241001147461 Bangiales Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000206572 Rhodophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001442197 Bangiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004418 Durio kutejensis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002669 Durio kutejensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001480978 Pyropia haitanensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009025 developmental regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006253 efflorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028564 filamentous growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for applying and popularizing porphyra yezoensis fine seeds. The method includes the steps of (1) pure fine seed protonema germplasm, wherein shell protonema cultivation is conducted in a nursery pond isolated from a seed source, and conchospore seedling picking is conducted when the protonema is mature, (2) pure fine seed seedling net sea area cultivation, wherein breeding trait recovery is conducted, (3) picking mature fine seed F1 generation algal bodies which serve as the seed algae, (4) cleaning the seed algae with clean sea water, conducting dehydration on the seed algae, drying the seed algae in shade for later use or storing the seed algae at -20 DEG C for later use, wherein the obtained seed algae can be used for fine seed productive carpospores collection, and seedling picking and seedling cultivation can be conducted. The method for applying and popularizing the porphyra yezoensis fine seeds solves the production problems that when the fine seed free protonema is inoculated to shell seedling, later-period maturity promotion measures are not easy to control, conchospore seedling picking efficiency is low, the fine seeds are not easy to cultivate and popularize, and large-scale fine seed seedling and seed supply are achieved. Through the technology, fine seed application has more operability and higher popularization, and the mass production progress of the porphyra yezoensis fine seed is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laver breeding application, particularly the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding application.
Background technology
Laver is that a kind of marine alga that is grown in coastal intertidal zone belongs to Rhodophyta (Rhodophyta), Rhodophyceae (Rhodophyceae), Bangiales subclass (Bangiophycidae), Bangiales (Bangiales), Bangiales section (Bangiaceae), Porphyra (Porphyra).Laver delicious flavour is always that the coastal common people pluck edible marine alga.At present, southern Porphyra haitanensis and northern porphyra yezoensis laver are the important Economical cultivation marine algas of China.
China's porphyra yezoensis main producing region is positioned at Jiangsu Coastal Areas, and cultivation laver provenance comes from the wild stocks in area, Qingdao.Traditional porphyra breeding method, grower chooses kind of an algae annual spring from the thallus colony of cultivation laver, or from the wild population of natural distribution, gather original seed frond, by obtaining carpospore on these ripe fronds, laver carpospore is the product of fertilization, and inoculation shell is cultivated filamentous, enters autumn and by these, cultivate ripe filamentous again to obtain conchospore germination and become thallus of porphyra, such operation cannot avoid cultivating the proterties Quality Down of germplasm, and the disaster type disease of generating period is rotten.Although traditional seedling-cultivating method has solved source and the quantity problem of " seed ", and the quality problems of unresolved laver " seed ".Algologist studies discovery both at home and abroad, it is very suitable that Porphyra Lines is used as germplasm preservation, and can form the pure lines breeding germplasm that proterties is comparatively stable by seed selection, with it, substituting carpospore, to carry out the superiority of seedling fostering be apparent.But in laver fine-variety breeding purification process; tend to occur that breeding seedling maturation is more difficult; thereby in laver improved variety popularization application, occur that filamentous seedling fostering is subject to the conchospore low 'bottleneck' restrictions of benefit etc. of collecting seedling, the existence of these problems make applying of current laver breeding be difficult to meet scale for kind cultivation production requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding application; the method has solved that breeding filamentous is ripe difficult, conchospore is collected seedling inefficient problem; improve breeding scale for kind of an ability, promoted laver improved variety production process.
The method of a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding of the present invention application, comprising:
(1) pure lines breeding filament germplasm carries out shell conchocelis cultivation at the nursery pond of provenance isolation, carries out conchospore and collect seedling after filamentous seedling maturation;
(2) pure lines breeding seedling net carries out reproductive habit recovery in the cultivation of isolation sea area, cultivates to the ripe gamogenesis cell that forms of frond.
(3) at the ripe frond of the online collection of pure lines breeding cultivation, be this breeding F
1in generation, is planted algae;
(4) with clean sea water ,-20 ℃ are cleaned, dewater, dry in the shade or stored to kind of an algae, can be used for breeding seedling fostering.
(5) for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering, be the F that promotes the use of fine strains
1in generation, is planted algae.
Water is changed in the cultivation later stage increase of the middle pure lines of described step (1) breeding filament germplasm and flowing water impels maturation.
In described step (1), training seedling matrix selects fresh clam shell, oyster shell or freshwater mussel shell for training seedling matrix, washes and use chlorine dioxide liquid soaking disinfection; Employing is through the seawater of more than 7 days dark precipitation, salinity 22~26, pH value 8.0~8.3; It is 100~150 sections, every square centimeter of shell that filamentous is thrown in density.
In described step (1), nurturing period water temperature is 14~27 ℃; Filamentous Germination Temperature is 15~20 ℃; Thread algal filament growth temperature is 20~25 ℃; It is 20~25 ℃ that sporangial branchlets forms with growth temperature; Conchospore forms and diffuses temperature is 18~23 ℃.
Select in described step (2) seawater velocity in the sea area of 10~30 centimetres per second as cultivation sea area, nutritive salt selects nitrogenous total amount per ton more than 200 milligrams.
In described step (3), in the frond the most vigorous time period of growth, gather ripe frond.
Described step (5) is the F that promotes the use of fine strains for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering
1in generation, is planted algae.
The present invention's application laver breeding F
1in generation, plants algae and carries out that carpospore is collected seedling and seedling fostering, can manage according to traditional seedling fostering mode, has reduced later stage developmental regulation and has been difficult to the production problem of grasping, and is obtaining yielding ability nursery effect (1 mu of net/m
2shell), time, guaranteed that again sea area cultivation laver breeding frond is best in quality, the production advantage of high yield.
beneficial effect
The present invention, with respect to cultivating seedling with free conchocelis inoculation shell, has solved the problem that breeding seedling difficulty is educated, and reaches scale for the ability of planting, and has promoted laver improved variety production process, makes breeding application have more operability and generalization; Frond healthy growth is good, and cultivation output and quality reach the level of high and stable yields and high-quality.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read the content of the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiment 1
(1) pure lines breeding filament germplasm carries out shell conchocelis cultivation at the nursery pond of provenance isolation, carries out conchospore and collect seedling after filamentous seedling maturation;
(2) pure lines breeding seedling net carries out reproductive habit recovery in the cultivation of isolation sea area, cultivates to the ripe gamogenesis cell that forms of frond.
(3) at the ripe frond of the online collection of pure lines breeding cultivation, be this breeding F
1in generation, is planted algae;
(4) with clean sea water ,-20 ℃ are cleaned, dewater, dry in the shade or stored to kind of an algae, can be used for breeding seedling fostering.
(5) for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering, be the F that promotes the use of fine strains
1in generation, is planted algae.
In step (1), breeding filamentous seedling fostering need carry out at the nursery pond of provenance isolation, and water is changed in later stage increase and flowing water impels maturation.
Breeding method is specific as follows:
1. the seedling fostering time started is the first tenday period of a month in mid-April to May, and 15 ℃~20 ℃ of water temperatures are advisable.Training seedling matrix selects fresh clam shell, oyster shell or freshwater mussel shell for training seedling matrix, washes and use 1~2 gram of/ton of chlorine dioxide liquid soaking disinfection.Use is through the seawater of more than 7 days dark precipitation, salinity 22~26, pH value 8.0~8.3.It is 100~150 sections, every square centimeter of shell that filamentous is thrown in density.Filamentous is cut to 200~300 microns through food masher, by definite input density calculation, goes out usage amount.The latter 3 days planted agents that collect seedling close the doors and windows and pull on all curtain, reduce seedling rearing room illumination, are beneficial to algal filament boring and sprout.
2. cultivating and managing.During conchocelis breeding every day should record in detail weather, water temperature, scrub, change water, the situation such as filamentous growth, growth and disease generation.14~27 ℃ of nurturing period water temperatures are advisable.The preference temperature that filamentous is sprouted is 15~20 ℃; Thread algal filament growth preference temperature is 20~25 ℃; It is 20~25 ℃ that sporangial branchlets forms with growth preference temperature; The preference temperature that conchospore forms and diffuses is 18~23 ℃.Between culture period, to avoid high light and direct light.The suitable illumination of growing of thread algal filament is 3000 meter candles, and sporangial branchlets forms growth and conchospore, and to form suitable illumination be 1500 meter candles.Every 15~20 days, regularly scrub shell and change water.Scrub front need and use freshwater soaking shell 24 hours, while scrubbing, should avoid the dry dew of shell and damage, change the variation that water should be noted seawater salinity.When shell face occurs that algae falls, by Shi Banfei (seawater N:7 per ton gram, P:1.5 gram); Algal filament is covered with shell face and changes Shi Quanfei (seawater N:14 per ton gram, P:3 gram).Late August do not occur yet sporangial branchlets or formation volume on the low side, should take to promote sporangial branchlets to form and growth measure, the suitable phase is before conchospore is collected seedling 10~25 days.Control manipulation, for change the conditions such as power flow time of the water frequency and every day in conjunction with illumination, water temperature, increase, impels a large amount of formation of sporangial branchlets with ripe.
3. conchospore is collected seedling.The suitable time of collecting seedling is to early October in 9 months.When larval rearing water is down to 23 ℃, the conchospore day amount of diffusing of every piece of shell reaches 100,000 when above, can arrange to collect seedling.Collect seedling and adopt pump bath mode.50~80m
2nursery pond, is equipped with the water pump of 1 0.75~2.2 kilowatt.180 square metres of lace curtainings of 5~6 square metres of seedlings growing area laies.Often stir during this time lace curtaining, keep lace curtaining in pond to be uniformly distributed.Spatfall density for adhering to standard, adopts the loose vinylon monofilament of lace curtaining to check as spatfall with conchospore germination, and monofilament spatfall amount reaches 50~100 every centimetre and is advisable; With netting twine, check spatfall, with 10~15/visual field (microscope 10 * 10), be advisable.Spatfall checks that reaching requirement should go out pond in time, and arranges next group lace curtaining to enter pond to continue to collect seedling.The same day, the lace curtaining of spatfall quantity not sufficient can continue to collect seedling on the 2nd day.Going out Chi Miao net should plunge into the commercial sea and hang up in time, and the seedling net that can not hang up in time should be supported temporarily.Seedling net can be placed on to ventilating and cooling place, keep seedling net moistening.
Cultivation sea area need be chosen in the region of isolation relative to other cultivation areas, should be away from river mouth and pollution source, and substrate is advisable with sandy, argillo arenaceous, and beach face is smooth, less than falling.It is more suitable tidal level of seedling net seeding stage that tidal level should select large flood tide to do 4~5 hours, and becoming dish cultivation sea area is the dry sea area of revealing 3~5 hours of large flood tide.Nutritive salt should select nitrogenous total amount per ton more than 200 milligrams, seawater velocity in the sea area of 10~30 centimetres per second as cultivation sea area.Manage identical with other laver cultivation managements.
In step (2), in the frond the most vigorous time period (the 2-3 month) of growth, gather this breeding F
1for frond, it is kind of an algae.
The frond gathering in step (3) need be cleaned kind of algae, dewater, dry in the shade with clean sea water to frond surface that one deck salt efflorescence is standby or to carry out temperature be that the stored frozen of-18~-20 ℃ is standby again
Step (5) is the F that promotes the use of fine strains for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering
1in generation, is planted algae.
1000m
2laver seedling fostering chamber, adopt the method to carry out seedling fostering effect and reach 1.73 mu/m
2, every square of shell is collected seedling efficiency over 1 mu/m of porphyra yezoensis
2the level of production.Porphyra yezoensis sea area is cultivated annual output and is reached 4.023 casees/mu, than Jiangsu Province's average yield then, has increased by 23.245%, and fabricated product quality improves, and than average, has improved 8.31%.
Claims (7)
1. a method for porphyra yezoensis breeding application, comprising:
(1) pure lines breeding filament germplasm carries out shell conchocelis cultivation at the nursery pond of provenance isolation, carries out conchospore and collect seedling after filamentous seedling maturation;
(2) pure lines breeding seedling net carries out reproductive habit recovery in the cultivation of isolation sea area, cultivates to the ripe gamogenesis cell that forms of frond;
(3) at the ripe frond of the online collection of pure lines breeding cultivation, be this breeding F
1in generation, is planted algae;
(4) with clean sea water by kind of an algae clean, dewater, dry in the shade standby or store-20 ℃ standby;
(5) for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering, be the F that promotes the use of fine strains
1in generation, is planted algae.
2. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, is characterized in that: water is changed in the cultivation later stage increase of the middle pure lines of described step (1) breeding filament germplasm and flowing water impels maturation.
3. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), training seedling matrix selects fresh clam shell, oyster shell or freshwater mussel shell for training seedling matrix, washes and use chlorine dioxide liquid soaking disinfection; Employing is through the seawater of more than 7 days dark precipitation, salinity 22~26, pH value 8.0~8.3; It is 100~150 sections, every square centimeter of shell that filamentous is thrown in density.
4. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, is characterized in that: in described step (1), nurturing period water temperature is 14~27 ℃; Filamentous Germination Temperature is 15~20 ℃; Thread algal filament growth temperature is 20~25 ℃; It is 20~25 ℃ that sporangial branchlets forms with growth temperature; Conchospore forms and diffuses temperature is 18~23 ℃.
5. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, it is characterized in that: select in described step (2) seawater velocity in the sea area of 10~30 centimetres per second as cultivation sea area, nutritive salt selects nitrogenous total amount per ton more than 200 milligrams.
6. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, is characterized in that: in described step (3), in the frond the most vigorous time period of growth, gather ripe frond.
7. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, is characterized in that: described step (5) is the F that promotes the use of fine strains for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering
1in generation, is planted algae.
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104365468A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-25 | 江苏省海洋水产研究所 | Stereoscopic culturing system and method of porphyra yezoensis shell protonema |
CN104782472A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-07-22 | 海安县兰波实业有限公司 | Large-scale seedling breeding method for porphyra yezoensis |
CN105145329A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-16 | 宁波太空红水产养殖有限公司 | Method for promoting concentrated maturity of conchospores of porphyra haitanensis |
CN105557499A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 宁波大学 | Conchospore seedling collection method for Porphyra haitanensis |
CN109906934A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-21 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A method of promoting the formation of Porphyra yezoensis filamentous conchosporangia |
CN110249996A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-09-20 | 集美大学 | It is a kind of reuse shell substrate method and seaweed shell conchocelis breeding method |
CN111084092A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 集美大学 | Shell growth base and method for observing filament without damage |
CN114731943A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-12 | 常熟理工学院 | Method for preparing porphyra yezoensis fruit spores |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN104365468A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-25 | 江苏省海洋水产研究所 | Stereoscopic culturing system and method of porphyra yezoensis shell protonema |
CN104782472A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-07-22 | 海安县兰波实业有限公司 | Large-scale seedling breeding method for porphyra yezoensis |
CN105145329A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-16 | 宁波太空红水产养殖有限公司 | Method for promoting concentrated maturity of conchospores of porphyra haitanensis |
CN105557499A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 宁波大学 | Conchospore seedling collection method for Porphyra haitanensis |
CN105557499B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-07-17 | 宁波大学 | A kind of Conchospores of Porphyra Hait Anensis is collected seedling method |
CN109906934A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-21 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A method of promoting the formation of Porphyra yezoensis filamentous conchosporangia |
CN110249996A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-09-20 | 集美大学 | It is a kind of reuse shell substrate method and seaweed shell conchocelis breeding method |
CN111084092A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 集美大学 | Shell growth base and method for observing filament without damage |
CN111084092B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 集美大学 | Shell growth base and method for observing filament without damage |
CN114731943A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-12 | 常熟理工学院 | Method for preparing porphyra yezoensis fruit spores |
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