CN104106355A - Water-fertilizer efficient management method of tea-oil tree during cultivation - Google Patents
Water-fertilizer efficient management method of tea-oil tree during cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN104106355A CN104106355A CN201410282813.4A CN201410282813A CN104106355A CN 104106355 A CN104106355 A CN 104106355A CN 201410282813 A CN201410282813 A CN 201410282813A CN 104106355 A CN104106355 A CN 104106355A
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Abstract
A water-fertilizer efficient management method of a tea-oil tree during cultivation comprises the steps that fertilizer is diluted into a liquid nutrient solution, and then super absorbent resin absorbs the liquid nutrient solution to form a solid nutrient solution; a plurality of moisture and nutrient storage holes (pits) are formed in the periphery of a tea-oil tree stock plant, then the storage holes (pits) are filled with the solid nutrient solution, and the solid nutrient solution slowly releases the absorbed nutrient solution to be absorbed by the tea-oil tree stock plant; and after the super absorbent resin completely releases the solid nutrient solution, the storage holes (pits) can be continuously filled with water or the nutrient solutions, the super absorbent resin absorbs and solidifies moisture or the nutrient solution again, and during a drought, the moisture or the nutrient solution is slowly released to be absorbed by the tea-oil tree stock plant. When the water-fertilizer efficient management method is carried out, a corresponding device and equipment do not need to be matched, the functional performance of the super absorbent resin is mainly used for fixing water and fertilizer, releasing is slow, a fruit tree can carry out complete absorbing for a long time in a balanced mode, the water and the fertilizer cannot be lost and wasted, and the method is one of the most effective water-fertilizer balanced-applying measures.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant cultivation new technical field, its liquid manure efficient management while being specifically related to a kind of tea oil tree cultivation.
Background technology
The Cultural distribution point of the tea oil tree of China production is at present on hillside mostly or at hillslope, these places generally do not possess moisture irrigation conditions, and what have moisture irrigation conditions is mostly to build by huge investment.Described in " fruit tree growth environment and ecology condition " in < < pomology > >: water is very important to the whole growth effect of fruit tree, first, water is the Survival Factor of fruit tree; Secondly, water affects growing of fruit tree; Moreover water is medium or the carrier of fruit tree material absorbing, transportation and distribution; Meanwhile, water affects output and the quality of fruit tree.In addition, fruit tree grows into and achieves great success from stalwartness, in production management, with scientific and reasonable fertilising, is also undivided.
So people, when starting to manage fruit tree industry, have just recognized the importance of liquid manure.Orchard water and fertilizer management is filled with from sprinkling irrigation, drip irrigation, infiltrating irrigation and film, and fertilising adopts and to spread manuer in holes, spread fertilizer over the fields with the technological means such as row replacement and execute liquid manure technology to balance now.Along with people are to executing the further investigation of liquid manure technology, it is the most reasonable, the effective a kind of technology of production of fruit trees management that the ecological balance is executed liquid manure, and it has not only improved orchard output, but also favourable assurance fruit quality.The ecological balance is executed theoretical foundation, the technical system of liquid manure and the means that realize can effectively be eliminated balance and execute the universal key constraints of liquid manure Technique Popularizing, becomes one of important key technology of agricultural and environment sustainable development.
Application number is 92106627.9 " applying fruit trees with fertilizer-water in mountain area method and device ", this disclosure of the invention a kind of method and apparatus of applying fruit trees with fertilizer-water in mountain area.Principal character is: at the space crossed point of the second side shoot of one, two, three major branches of fruit tree or the underground upright position at main result position, bury the irrigation tank that inwall has the interior Sheng rich water of micro-water seepage hole underground, 15～20 centimetres apart from ground, tank mouth sealing, blinding.Its major advantage is in arid area, can make full use of liquid manure, fruit tree uniform absorption, saving liquid manure.Irrigation tank adopts the crock of unique design, has the advantages that to ooze and do not leak.
Application number is 200810025844.6 " method of fruit tree perforating deep layer fertilizing ", this invention is to provide a kind of method of fruit tree perforating deep layer fertilizing, by required fertilizer in fruit growing process in the middle of a year, according to the size of every strain top fruit sprayer diameter, outside the hat width drip of tree body, on the circumference at 20-30cm place, to make a call to a diameter be 20cm 1 meter, interval, and the degree of depth is 40-50cm hole body opening, by required fertilizer according to the growth needs of fruit tree Various Seasonal, put into hole, then water.The method induction fruit tree root system of this invention perforating deep layer fertilizing stretches into depth of soils and absorbs nutrient and moisture, has guaranteed effective absorption of institute's fertilise, has increased the drought-resistance ability of fruit tree, and growing way is prosperous by force, has increased output.
Application number is 02113879.6 " dispersed type underground uniform speed drip irrigation device for fruit tree ", this invention is a kind of dispersed type underground uniform speed drip irrigation device for fruit tree for water-saving dried area fruit tree irrigating, bucket, floating block, bung, indicating arm pillar, indicating arm, water-supply-pipe pillar, water-supply-pipe, water dropper, consists of.This drip irrigation emitter is imbedded near the root of fruit tree, and the water in bucket at the uniform velocity oozes from water dropper under the synergy of floating block, water-supply-pipe and water dropper.An impact that speed is not changed by inner bucket water position of this invention, also can be used continuously, and have feature simple in structure, cost is low.Therefore it is specially adapted to northern China arid area and hills, mountain region water-saving irrigation to the fruit tree that grows up when spring drought.
Application number is 200310115875.8 " fruit tree anti drought cultivation method ", and this is the cultivation method of a planting fruit-trees drought resisting.Mainly comprise and select drought resisting seeds and stock, fruit growing, manages between garden.Fruit growing comprises dense planting, pruning, fertilising, diligent deep ploughing, and builds terraced fields and fish scale pit; Between garden, supervisory packet contains orchard covering, orchard ground cover, and the plastic mulching of cave storage rich water, water-saving irrigation, uses hygroscopic agent and uses anti-steaming agent, and wherein orchard covers and comprises film covering and cover grass, and that orchard ground cover is selected is Bai Sanye; Water-saving irrigation comprises drip irrigation and sprinkling irrigation.
Application number is 200710013892.9 " method of fruit tree in mountainous dry land water accumulating and supplying underground container ", this disclosure of the invention a kind of method of fruit tree in mountainous dry land water accumulating and supplying underground container, the method comprises the following steps: (1), at fruit tree 1-5 groove of certain distance excavation around; (2), in each ground lower groove, place outside water storage container, in outer water storage container, be provided with a plurality of compact arranged interior water storage containers, on interior water storage container, have a plurality of through holes, in interior water storage container, be provided with water-absorption fiber bundle, the top of outer water storage container is provided with a water inlet pipe communicating with its inside; (3), the upper surface of water storage container arranges one deck separation layer outside, this separation layer and water-absorption fiber bundle close contact; (4), above separation layer, fill up soil to the top open part of water inlet pipe; (5), at the top open part of ditch notch, spread plastic foil, on plastic foil, have permeable hole; (6), the upper surface of plastic foil is covered with layer protective layer.
Application number is 200810013361.4 " fruit-tree tubule outflow irrigation system and irrigation method ", this invention is described a kind of fruit-tree tubule outflow irrigation system, comprises water supply well, water pump, microcomputer feedwater space, valve, Zhi Ganguan, arm, constant-current stabilizer and isocon.Arm is connected with Zhi Ganguan, constant-current stabilizer is connected with arm, isocon is connected with constant-current stabilizer, water pump is arranged on below the dynamic water level of water supply well, and water supply well borehole wall outside is around filled with filtrate, and water pump is connected with microcomputer feedwater space, between microcomputer feedwater space, be connected with valve, the other end of valve connects a plurality of arms, perpendicular to arm direction, has several isocons, between isocon and arm, has constant-current stabilizer.When water proposes from water supply well, through microcomputer feedwater space, according to after duct length constant pressure, through valve, flow to supervisor, then flow to Zhi Ganguan respectively, in arm, by constant-current stabilizer, stablize flow velocity and flow, finally by isocon, flow out, directly irrigate the root to trees, realize and irrigate overall process.
Application number is 200910114666.9 " method of fruit tree and forest siphoning and drip ", a planting fruit-trees of stating described in this invention and the method for forest siphoning and drip, be in a side or the ground between two strains tree for tree, be placed with the container of water storage, in water, can contain fertilizer or the medicine of preparation as required; In tree dish soil, make a call to the hole of a certain depth; Flexible pipe one end of a controllable flow rate is placed in water container, and the other end is inserted the hole in tree dish soil, and the liquid inventory of controlling in flexible pipe drips in hole, and hole covers.Utilize the method for siphoning and drip to irrigate fruit tree, forest, water-fertilizer-pesticide can be splashed into root district together.
Although above patent of invention technology has significant advantage, these technology are implemented all to need during the course supporting related device and equipment, all very complicated in operation sequence.Some technology only limits to some strong fruit fields, specialist's application, is difficult to penetration and promotion application in orchard worker group.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned technology and its liquid manure efficient management when the cultivation of a kind of tea oil tree is provided, specifically: utilize high hydroscopic resin can repeatedly absorb the function of hundreds of times water, first fertilizer is diluted to aqueous nutrient solution, then is absorbed solid nutrient solution by high hydroscopic resin; In tea oil tree maternal plant surrounding, make a call to 5～6 moisture, nutrient storage hole (hole), then solid nutrient solution is filled and stored hole (hole), solid nutrient solution discharges absorbed nutrient solution slowly for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorbs, after the inner high hydroscopic resin in storage hole (hole) has discharged solid nutrient solution, can fill water toward storing hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and again moisture absorption is solidified, during arid, discharge slowly again for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorb; In the time of need to appending fertilizer, again fertilizer is diluted to the nutrient liquid fertilizer of required concentration, then nutrient liquid fertilizer is extremely full toward storing the inner filling in hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and nutrient solution can be absorbed and solidify and store again, and then the confession tea oil tree maternal plant that discharges slowly absorbs.The present invention does not need supporting related device and equipment in implementation process, mainly to utilize the functional characteristic of high hydroscopic resin that liquid manure is fixed up, during release, be slowly, fruit tree can be for a long time, balanced and completely for absorbing, and rich water does not run off, do not waste; That balance is executed one of effective measures of liquid manure.
High hydroscopic resin is a kind of artificial synthetic high molecular polymer, has superelevation water suction and water retention property.It can absorb the more than hundred times moisture of own wt at the utmost point in the short time, after water suction, expand to form hydrogel, restores to the original state again after releasing water, can repeatedly absorb water, release water.High hydroscopic resin application in the present invention, make technical matters of the present invention embody small investment, simple, the easy operation of technique, instant effect in production of fruit trees, and the fertile new technology system of the drought resisting, water saving, joint that can bring distinct economic, can penetration and promotion application in orchard worker group widely.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Its liquid manure efficient management during tea oil tree cultivation, is in technical scheme: utilize high hydroscopic resin can repeatedly absorb the function of hundreds of times water, first fertilizer is diluted to aqueous nutrient solution, then is absorbed solid nutrient solution by high hydroscopic resin; In tea oil tree maternal plant surrounding, make a call to 5～6 moisture, nutrient storage hole (hole), then solid nutrient solution is filled and stored hole (hole), solid nutrient solution discharges absorbed nutrient solution slowly for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorbs, after the inner high hydroscopic resin in storage hole (hole) has discharged solid nutrient solution, can fill water toward storing hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and again moisture absorption is solidified, during arid, discharge slowly again for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorb; In the time of need to appending fertilizer, again fertilizer is diluted to the nutrient liquid fertilizer of required concentration, then nutrient liquid fertilizer is extremely full toward storing the inner filling in hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and nutrient solution can be absorbed and solidify and store again, and then the confession tea oil tree maternal plant that discharges slowly absorbs.
Described high hydroscopic resin is that selection water suction multiple is 200～300 times.
Described moisture, its specification of nutrient storage hole (hole) and distribution are as follows:
(1) storing hole (hole) specification is: diameter is 30～40cm, is 40～60cm deeply;
(2) store hole (hole) and be distributed in top fruit sprayer vertically along lower ground.
Described solid nutrient solution preparation method is as follows:
(1) nutrient liquid fertilizer preparation: the essential fertilizer variety of nutrient needing according to each growth cycle of oil tea fruit tree, the concentration that then should dilute by this photograph fertilizer is diluted with water to aqueous nutrient liquid fertilizer;
(2) nutrient liquid fertilizer solidifies: press the part by weight 1: 200～300 of high hydroscopic resin and nutrient liquid fertilizer, high hydroscopic resin is rendered in nutrient liquid fertilizer, after 20～30 minutes, high hydroscopic resin all absorbs nutrient liquid fertilizer to get up into solid shape;
(3) discharge solid nutrient solution: solid nutrient solution is filled respectively to around 6～8 and store hole (hole), then with leaf or plastic foil, hole (hole) mouthful covered.
Described storage hole (hole) water and fertilizer management method is as follows:
(1) water and fertilizer management: after the inner high hydroscopic resin in storage hole (hole) has discharged solid nutrient solution, can fill water toward storing hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and again moisture absorption is solidified, during arid, discharge slowly again for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorb; In the time of need to appending fertilizer, again fertilizer is diluted to the nutrient liquid fertilizer of required concentration, then nutrient liquid fertilizer is extremely full toward storing the inner filling in hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and nutrient solution can be absorbed and solidify and store again, and then the confession tea oil tree maternal plant that discharges slowly absorbs;
(2) store hole (hole) final-period management: when pouring water toward storage hole (hole) or during nutrient solution, not finding that high hydroscopic resin solidifies its absorption, illustrate that high hydroscopic resin is degraded, need to again apply new high hydroscopic resin.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the rational rational application of fertilizers of nutritional need that the present invention can need according to each growth cycle of various tea oil trees, is prepared into solid-state fertilizer the nutrient liquid fertilizer that more easily allows fruit tree absorb, and preparation technology is simple, random large.
2, the invention process, liquid manure is fixed up, during release, be slowly, fruit tree can be for a long time, balanced and completely for absorbing, rich water does not run off, does not waste, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, means that fertilizing amount reduces, thereby saves fertilizer, reducing production cost, is one of effective measures of balance fertilizing.
3, the invention process, water use efficiency obviously improves, and water consumption only has 1/3rd of drip irrigation.
4, in the present invention, applied high hydroscopic resin can absorb, store rich water repeatedly, slowly discharges the function of rich water during arid again.
5, the invention process, can accomplish Tree Precise Fertilization, and fruit tree growing way is even, and concentrate harvest time.
6, the invention process, because water and fertilizer management is reasonable, science, moisture, nutrient supply are stablized, and fruit tree plant strain growth is healthy and strong, shows as high yield and high quality.
7, the invention process, fruit can be gathered in the crops in advance, relatively improves the market advantage.
8, enforcement of the present invention, does not need supporting related device and equipment, and small investment, technique are simple, easily operation, effect are remarkable, can penetration and promotion application in orchard worker group widely.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, method of the present invention is further illustrated.
Its liquid manure efficient management during tea oil tree cultivation, is in technical scheme: utilize high hydroscopic resin can repeatedly absorb the function of hundreds of times water, first fertilizer is diluted to aqueous nutrient solution, then is absorbed solid nutrient solution by high hydroscopic resin; In tea oil tree maternal plant surrounding, make a call to 5～6 moisture, nutrient storage hole (hole), then solid nutrient solution is filled and stored hole (hole), solid nutrient solution discharges absorbed nutrient solution slowly for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorbs, after the inner high hydroscopic resin in storage hole (hole) has discharged solid nutrient solution, can fill water toward storing hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and again moisture absorption is solidified, during arid, discharge slowly again for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorb; In the time of need to appending fertilizer, again fertilizer is diluted to the nutrient liquid fertilizer of required concentration, then nutrient liquid fertilizer is extremely full toward storing the inner filling in hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and nutrient solution can be absorbed and solidify and store again, and then the confession tea oil tree maternal plant that discharges slowly absorbs.
Embodiment is as follows:
1, selection water suction multiple is that the high hydroscopic resin of 200～300 times is carrier.
2, moisture, its specification of nutrient storage hole (hole) and distribution are as follows:
(1) storing hole (hole) specification is: diameter is 30～40cm, is 40～60cm deeply;
(2) store hole (hole) and be distributed in top fruit sprayer vertically along lower ground.
3, solid nutrient solution preparation method is as follows:
(1) nutrient liquid fertilizer preparation: the essential fertilizer variety of nutrient needing according to each growth cycle of oil tea fruit tree, the concentration that then should dilute by this photograph fertilizer is diluted with water to aqueous nutrient liquid fertilizer;
(2) nutrient liquid fertilizer solidifies: press the part by weight 1: 200～300 of high hydroscopic resin and nutrient liquid fertilizer, high hydroscopic resin is rendered in nutrient liquid fertilizer, after 20～30 minutes, high hydroscopic resin all absorbs nutrient liquid fertilizer to get up into solid shape;
(3) discharge solid nutrient solution: solid nutrient solution is filled respectively to around 6～8 and store hole (hole), then with leaf or plastic foil, hole (hole) mouthful covered.
4, store hole (hole) water and fertilizer management: after the inner high hydroscopic resin in storage hole (hole) has discharged solid nutrient solution, can fill water toward storing hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and again moisture absorption is solidified, during arid, discharge slowly again for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorb; In the time of need to appending fertilizer, again fertilizer is diluted to the nutrient liquid fertilizer of required concentration, then nutrient liquid fertilizer is extremely full toward storing the inner filling in hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and nutrient solution can be absorbed and solidify and store again, and then the confession tea oil tree maternal plant that discharges slowly absorbs;
5, store hole (hole) final-period management: when pouring water toward storage hole (hole) or during nutrient solution, not finding that high hydroscopic resin solidifies its absorption, illustrate that high hydroscopic resin is degraded, need to again apply new high hydroscopic resin.
Claims (1)
1. its liquid manure efficient management when tea oil tree is cultivated, is characterized in that: utilize high hydroscopic resin can repeatedly absorb the function of hundreds of times water, first fertilizer is diluted to aqueous nutrient solution, then is absorbed solid nutrient solution by high hydroscopic resin; In tea oil tree maternal plant surrounding, make a call to 5～6 moisture, nutrient storage hole (hole), then solid nutrient solution is filled and stored hole (hole), solid nutrient solution discharges absorbed nutrient solution slowly for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorbs, after the inner high hydroscopic resin in storage hole (hole) has discharged solid nutrient solution, can fill water toward storing hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and again moisture absorption is solidified, during arid, discharge slowly again for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorb; In the time of need to appending fertilizer, again fertilizer is diluted to the nutrient liquid fertilizer of required concentration, then nutrient liquid fertilizer is extremely full toward storing the inner filling in hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and nutrient solution can be absorbed and solidify and store again, and then the confession tea oil tree maternal plant that discharges slowly absorbs;
Described high hydroscopic resin is that selection water suction multiple is 200～300 times;
Described moisture, its specification of nutrient storage hole (hole) and distribution are as follows:
(1) storing hole (hole) specification is: diameter is 30～40cm, is 40～60cm deeply;
(2) store hole (hole) and be distributed in top fruit sprayer vertically along lower ground;
Described solid nutrient solution preparation method is as follows:
(1) nutrient liquid fertilizer preparation: the essential fertilizer variety of nutrient needing according to each growth cycle of oil tea fruit tree, the concentration that then should dilute by this photograph fertilizer is diluted with water to aqueous nutrient liquid fertilizer;
(2) nutrient liquid fertilizer solidifies: press the part by weight 1: 200～300 of high hydroscopic resin and nutrient liquid fertilizer, high hydroscopic resin is rendered in nutrient liquid fertilizer, after 20～30 minutes, high hydroscopic resin all absorbs nutrient liquid fertilizer to get up into solid shape;
(3) discharge solid nutrient solution: solid nutrient solution is filled respectively to around 6～8 and store hole (hole), then with leaf or plastic foil, hole (hole) mouthful covered;
Described storage hole (hole) water and fertilizer management method is as follows:
(1) water and fertilizer management: after the inner high hydroscopic resin in storage hole (hole) has discharged solid nutrient solution, can fill water toward storing hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and again moisture absorption is solidified, during arid, discharge slowly again for tea oil tree maternal plant and absorb; In the time of need to appending fertilizer, again fertilizer is diluted to the nutrient liquid fertilizer of required concentration, then nutrient liquid fertilizer is extremely full toward storing the inner filling in hole (hole), store the inner high hydroscopic resin in hole (hole) and nutrient solution can be absorbed and solidify and store again, and then the confession tea oil tree maternal plant that discharges slowly absorbs;
(2) store hole (hole) final-period management: when pouring water toward storage hole (hole) or during nutrient solution, not finding that high hydroscopic resin solidifies its absorption, illustrate that high hydroscopic resin is degraded, need to again apply new high hydroscopic resin.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104686157A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-10 | 胡齐放 | Selenium-rich camellia oleifera tree interplanting method |
| CN105684624A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-06-22 | 江西源森油茶科技股份有限公司 | Method for carrying out hole fertilization on trees |
| CN106665266A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-17 | 新宁县辉腾生态农业发展有限公司 | Short growth cycle planting method for tea-oil tree |
| CN107820879A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-03-23 | 罗佳佳 | A kind of leaf of the beautiful dew of ice lantern inserts propagation method |
| CN107912250A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-04-17 | 四川岭上云农林科技有限责任公司 | A kind of efficient implantation methods of purple sweet potato |
| CN108174737A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-19 | 福建丰盛农林科技集团有限公司 | A kind of oil tea culturing and trimming method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104686157A (en) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-10 | 胡齐放 | Selenium-rich camellia oleifera tree interplanting method |
| CN107820879A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2018-03-23 | 罗佳佳 | A kind of leaf of the beautiful dew of ice lantern inserts propagation method |
| CN105684624A (en) * | 2016-04-09 | 2016-06-22 | 江西源森油茶科技股份有限公司 | Method for carrying out hole fertilization on trees |
| CN106665266A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-05-17 | 新宁县辉腾生态农业发展有限公司 | Short growth cycle planting method for tea-oil tree |
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| CN108174737A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-19 | 福建丰盛农林科技集团有限公司 | A kind of oil tea culturing and trimming method |
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Application publication date: 20141022 |