CN104076046A - Method for collecting and quantitatively characterizing microcosmic distribution images of remaining oil in porous media - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for collecting and quantitatively characterizing microcosmic distribution images of remaining oil in porous media. The method comprises the steps that the distribution images of the remaining oil are collected; the distribution images of the remaining oil are preprocessed and divided; the divided distribution images of the remaining oil are reconstructed in a three-dimensional mode; statistics is made on information of the remaining oil; the feature parameters of the remaining oil are calculated. According to the method for collecting and quantitatively characterizing the microcosmic distribution images of the remaining oil in the porous media, the microcosmic distribution images of the remaining oil in the porous media during different displacement moments can be collected and characterized quantitatively, the microcosmic distribution state of the remaining oil in a core can be described quantitatively on the basis, and an effectively tool is provided for the study of increasing oil recovery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of image processing, particularly relate to remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in a kind of porous medium.
Background technology
Due to the difference of the conditions such as pore texture, rock wettability, injection mode, in oilfield development process, there is quite a few crude oil to be trapped in the hole of reservoir and particle surface and form remaining oil.The research of the micro Distribution state of remaining oil to further Remaining Oil, improve recovery ratio significant.
In at present conventional porous medium, the research method of remaining oil micro Distribution rule comprises glass etching model (GMM), rock core microvisual model (SMM) and nmr imaging technique (NMR) etc.
Glass etching model can comparatively truly reflect the micropore structure of rock, and can directly the micro Distribution state of remaining oil be entered to observe and be described by microscope, but being equal to true core, the rock surface character of this model and hole geometric properties still have larger gap; Rock core microvisual model utilizes actual core wafer to make sincere microcosmic Visualization Model, and the imaging definition of this model is poor; Above two kinds of methods are all based on two-dimentional microvisual model, the remaining oil of a certain seepage section to be studied, and can not reflect that remaining oil is in three-dimensional true distribution.Magnetic resonance imaging, as a kind of Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement of maturation, can be quantitatively described the fluid space distribution situation in reservoir of oil and gas on three dimensions.Its key is that the image to observing gathers, and determines remaining oil form by image recognition technology, carries out quantitatively characterizing.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in a kind of porous medium based on computed tomography scanning technology, the micro Distribution rule of inscribing when the different displacement for being familiar with remaining oil.
Object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical measures: remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium, and the method comprises: step 1, gathers remaining oil distribution image; Step 2, carries out this remaining oil distribution image pre-service and cuts apart; Step 3, the remaining oil distribution image after this is cut apart carries out three-dimensional reconstruction; Step 4, statistics remaining oil information; And step 5, calculate characteristic of remaining oil parameter.
Object of the present invention also can be achieved by the following technical measures:
In step 1, obtain remaining oil distribution image in different displacement moment porous medium based on computed tomography scanning technology.
Step 1 comprises:
(1) rock core model vacuumized to saturation water and use simulated oil driven water-replacing, scanning and record aquifer yield to rock core when the irreducible water state;
(2) inject Simulated Water with constant injection flow velocity to this rock core model of saturated oil, in water drive to the different Injection volume moment, this rock core model is scanned and record oil pump capacity respectively;
(3) each displacement moment is chosen equally spacedly several positions rock core is scanned; And
(4) utilize X-ray detector to obtain X ray deamplification, this signal is converted to image information, image is compressed to storage, obtain the computed tomography scanning image of this remaining oil micro Distribution.
In step 2, Treatment Analysis is carried out in the middle rectangular area of computed tomography scanning image that intercepts this remaining oil micro Distribution, and this cut-away view is looked like to carry out brightness, contrast adjustment and sharpening processing, makes scan image more clear; Selected suitable threshold value, utilizes the computed tomography scanning Image Segmentation Using of indicator Kriging method to pretreated this remaining oil micro Distribution, obtains the distributed image of remaining oil in pore space.
In step 3, the distributed image of the remaining oil after this of two dimension cut apart in hole obtains storing the 3-D data volume of remaining oil information along the stack of displacement direction, utilize on this basis marching cubes algorithm to realize the three-dimensional visualization of pore texture and remaining oil.
In step 4, according to the relation that is interconnected of voxel in three dimensions, remaining oils all in survey region is divided into remaining oil the numbering that monolithic is communicated with, add up piece number, the monolithic remaining oil of each displacement moment remaining oil volume, remaining oil surface area and with the contact area information of rock.
In step 5, calculate remaining oil average external volume, the distribution of remaining oil size frequency, remaining oil contact area rate and remaining oil form factor, output statistical graph.
This remaining oil average external volume is
In formula, V is remaining oil volume, μ m
3; N is the piece number of remaining oil in survey region; Subscript i represents i piece remaining oil.
This remaining oil contact area is
In formula, S
corfor the contact area of remaining oil and rock, μ m
2; S is the surface area of remaining oil, μ m
2.
This remaining oil form factor is
In formula, V is remaining oil volume, μ m
3; S is the surface area of remaining oil, μ m
2.
Remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium in the present invention, utilize computed tomography scanning technology to scan the rock core model in profit displacement process, obtain the image of profit distributed intelligence in different displacement moment porous mediums, image is carried out to brightness, after contrast adjustment and sharpening are processed, application indicator Kriging method obtains remaining oil distribution information to Image Segmentation Using, the image of cutting apart of two dimension is superposeed and obtains storing the 3-D data volume of remaining oil information along displacement direction, according to connected relation identification remaining oil individuality, calculate the characteristic parameter of remaining oil distribution form.The present invention has realized collection and the quantitatively characterizing of remaining oil micro Distribution image in different displacement moment porous mediums, can carry out quantitative description to the micro Distribution state of remaining oil in rock core on this basis, provide effective instrument for further improving recovery ratio research.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a specific embodiment of remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of remaining oil micro Distribution computed tomography scanning image in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram in the computed tomography scanning image studies region chosen in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of pretreated computed tomography scanning image in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that in a specific embodiment of the present invention, image is cut apart rear rock core model pore texture;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that in a specific embodiment of the present invention, image is cut apart rear remaining oil distribution situation;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of rock core model pore texture three-dimensional reconstruction result in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of remaining oil micro Distribution three-dimensional reconstruction result in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is remaining oil grid numbering schematic diagram in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 is that in a specific embodiment of the present invention, different displacement moment residue oil clots are counted statistical graph;
Figure 11 is different displacement moment remaining oil average external volume statistical graphs in a specific embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is different displacement moment remaining oil contact area rate statistical graphs in a specific embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For above and other object of the present invention, feature and advantage can be become apparent, cited below particularly go out preferred embodiment, and coordinate appended graphicly, be described in detail below.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of a specific embodiment of remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium of the present invention.In step 101, gather remaining oil distribution image.In one embodiment, obtain profit distributed intelligence image in different displacement moment porous medium based on computed tomography scanning technology, this step specifically comprises:
(1) rock core model vacuumized to saturation water and use simulated oil driven water-replacing, scanning and record aquifer yield to rock core when the irreducible water state;
(2) inject Simulated Water with constant injection flow velocity to the rock core model of saturated oil, in water drive to the different Injection volume moment, rock core model is scanned and record oil pump capacity respectively;
(3) each displacement moment is chosen equally spacedly several positions rock core is scanned;
(4) utilize X-ray detector to obtain X ray deamplification, this signal is converted to image information, image is compressed to storage, obtain the computed tomography scanning image of this remaining oil micro Distribution.
Flow process enters into step 102.
In step 102, remaining oil distribution image is carried out to pre-service and cuts apart.Particularly, intercept the middle rectangular area of computed tomography scanning image and carry out Treatment Analysis, image is carried out to brightness, contrast adjustment and sharpening processing, make scan image more clear; Selected suitable threshold value, utilizes indicator Kriging method to Image Segmentation Using, obtains the distributed image of remaining oil in pore space.Flow process enters into step 103.
In step 103, the image after cutting apart is carried out to three-dimensional reconstruction.The image of cutting apart of two dimension is superposeed and obtains storing the 3-D data volume of remaining oil information along displacement direction, utilize on this basis marching cubes algorithm to realize the three-dimensional visualization of pore texture and remaining oil.Flow process enters into step 104.
In step 104, statistics remaining oil information.According to the relation that is interconnected of voxel in three dimensions, remaining oils all in survey region is divided into remaining oil the numbering that monolithic is communicated with, adds up the volume, surface area of piece number, the monolithic remaining oil of each displacement moment remaining oil and the contact area information with rock.Flow process enters into step 105.
In step 105, calculate characteristic of remaining oil parameter.Calculate remaining oil average external volume, the distribution of remaining oil size frequency, contact area rate and form factor features relevant parameter, output statistical graph:
1. remaining oil average external volume
Remaining oil average external volume is
In formula, V is remaining oil volume, μ m
3; N is the piece number of remaining oil in survey region; Subscript i represents i piece remaining oil.
2. remaining oil contact area
Remaining oil contact area is the ratio that the contact area of a certain block of remaining oil and Rock Matrix accounts for its surface area, and this parameter has reflected the relative position relation of remaining oil and pore surface,
In formula, S
corfor the contact area of remaining oil and rock, μ m
2; S is the surface area of remaining oil, μ m
2.
3. remaining oil form factor
Remaining oil form factor has reflected the complexity of remaining oil structure, is the ratio of remaining oil volume and surface area 1.5 powers,
In formula, V is remaining oil volume, μ m
3; S is the surface area of remaining oil, μ m
2.Flow process finishes.
In a word, the present invention is based on computed tomography scanning technology and obtain profit distributed intelligence image in different displacement moment porous mediums, image is processed, application indicator Kriging method is cut apart image and is obtained remaining oil micro Distribution information, two dimension is cut apart to image carries out three-dimensional reconstruction and obtains remaining oil information three-dimensional data volume, according to connected relation, the whole remaining oils in survey region are divided into monolithic remaining oil, calculate the characteristic parameter of remaining oil distribution form.
In an application specific embodiment of the present invention, comprise the steps:
1. remaining oil distribution image acquisition will scan and record aquifer yield to it after rock core model saturated oil, set that to inject flow velocity be that 0.01mL/min carries out displacement to rock core model, respectively at water filling 0.5PV(Injection volume) moment, 1.0PV moment, 2.0PV moment, 5.0PV moment, 10.0PV moment and displacement to irreducible oil moment scan and record oil pump capacity to rock core model.Wherein, be engraved in rock core model equal intervals and choose 400 positions rock core is scanned when each displacement, sweep spacing is 11 μ m, and sweep length is 4.4mm.The scan image of generation is compressed to storage, the schematic diagram of remaining oil micro Distribution computed tomography scanning image as shown in Figure 2.
2. image pre-service and cutting apart
Choose the rectangular area of middle 256 × 256 pixels of computed tomography scanning image and carry out Treatment Analysis, the schematic diagram in the computed tomography scanning image studies region of choosing as shown in Figure 3.Image is carried out to brightness, contrast adjustment and sharpening processing, make scan image more clear, as shown in Figure 4 the schematic diagram of pretreated computed tomography scanning image.Utilize indicator Kriging method to Image Segmentation Using, obtain image as shown in Figure 5 and cut apart the schematic diagram that the image shown in schematic diagram and Fig. 6 of rear rock core model pore texture is cut apart rear remaining oil distribution situation.
3. cut apart the three-dimensional reconstruction of image
Choose 256 along displacement direction and cut apart image and superpose and obtain storing the 3-D data volume (256 × 256 × 256 pixel) of rock core model information, utilize marching cubes algorithm to realize the three-dimensional visualization of the remaining oil micro Distribution three-dimensional reconstruction result shown in the rock core model pore texture three-dimensional reconstruction result shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8.
4. statistics remaining oil information
According to 26 neighborhood connected relations, remaining oils all in survey region is divided into remaining oil the numbering that monolithic is communicated with, as shown in Figure 9.Add up the volume, surface area of different displacement moment remaining oils and the contact area information with rock.
5. calculate characteristic of remaining oil parameter
Calculate the parameters such as different displacement moment residue oil clot numbers (Figure 10), average external volume (Figure 11) and contact area rate (Figure 12), Figure 10 shows that the different displacement moment remain oil clots and count statistical graph; Figure 11 shows that different displacement moment remaining oil average external volume statistical graphs; Figure 12 shows that different displacement moment remaining oil contact area rate statistical graphs.
The present invention has realized the collection of different displacement moment remaining oil micro Distribution images, utilize image processing techniques, remaining oil is split from computed tomography scanning image, two dimension is cut apart to image carries out three-dimensional reconstruction and obtains remaining oil information three-dimensional data volume, according to connected relation identification remaining oil individuality, quantitatively calculate the characteristic parameter of remaining oil distribution form, contribute to be familiar with the microscopic distribution of different displacement moment remaining oils.
Claims (10)
1. remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium, is characterized in that, the method comprises:
Step 1, gathers remaining oil distribution image;
Step 2, carries out this remaining oil distribution image pre-service and cuts apart;
Step 3, the remaining oil distribution image after this is cut apart carries out three-dimensional reconstruction;
Step 4, statistics remaining oil information; And
Step 5, calculates characteristic of remaining oil parameter.
2. remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 1, obtain the computed tomography scanning image of remaining oil micro Distribution in different displacement moment porous medium based on computed tomography scanning technology.
3. remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium according to claim 2, is characterized in that, step 1 comprises:
(1) rock core model vacuumized to saturation water and use simulated oil driven water-replacing, scanning and record aquifer yield to rock core when the irreducible water state;
(2) inject Simulated Water with constant injection flow velocity to this rock core model of saturated oil, in water drive to the different Injection volume moment, this rock core model is scanned and record oil pump capacity respectively;
(3) each displacement moment is chosen equally spacedly several positions rock core is scanned; And
(4) utilize X-ray detector to obtain X ray deamplification, this signal is converted to image information, image is compressed to storage, obtain the computed tomography scanning image of this remaining oil micro Distribution.
4. remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in step 2, Treatment Analysis is carried out in the middle rectangular area of computed tomography scanning image that intercepts this remaining oil micro Distribution, this cut-away view is looked like to carry out brightness, contrast adjustment and sharpening processing, make scan image more clear; Selected suitable threshold value, utilizes the computed tomography scanning Image Segmentation Using of indicator Kriging method to pretreated this remaining oil micro Distribution, obtains the distributed image of remaining oil in pore space.
5. remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, in step 3, the distributed image of remaining oil after this of two dimension cut apart in hole obtains storing the 3-D data volume of remaining oil information along the stack of displacement direction, utilize on this basis marching cubes algorithm to realize the three-dimensional visualization of pore texture and remaining oil.
6. remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 4, according to the relation that is interconnected of voxel in three dimensions, remaining oils all in survey region is divided into remaining oil the numbering that monolithic is communicated with, add up piece number, the monolithic remaining oil of each displacement moment remaining oil volume, remaining oil surface area and with the contact area information of rock.
7. remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in step 5, calculate remaining oil average external volume, the distribution of remaining oil volume size frequency, remaining oil contact area rate and remaining oil form factor, output statistical graph.
8. remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium according to claim 7, is characterized in that, this remaining oil average external volume is
In formula, be remaining oil volume, unit is μ m
3; N is the piece number of remaining oil in survey region; Subscript i represents i piece remaining oil.
9. remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium according to claim 7, is characterized in that, this remaining oil contact area is
In formula, be the contact area of remaining oil and rock, unit is μ m
2; For the surface area of remaining oil, unit is μ m
2.
10. remaining oil micro Distribution image acquisition and quantitatively characterizing method in porous medium according to claim 7, is characterized in that, this remaining oil form factor is
In formula, be remaining oil volume, unit is μ m
3; For the surface area of remaining oil, unit is μ m
2.
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CN115184218A (en) * | 2022-07-11 | 2022-10-14 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Viscosity fingering rapid prediction method based on microscopic seepage simulation and machine learning |
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