CN104059335A - Continuous basalt fiber composite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Continuous basalt fiber composite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104059335A CN104059335A CN201410288650.0A CN201410288650A CN104059335A CN 104059335 A CN104059335 A CN 104059335A CN 201410288650 A CN201410288650 A CN 201410288650A CN 104059335 A CN104059335 A CN 104059335A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous basalt fiber composite and a preparation method thereof. The continuous basalt fiber composite is a fiber material prepared through the steps of impregnating matrix resin and curing after treating unidirectional basalt fiber cloth by using a surface treating agent, wherein the unidirectional basalt fiber cloth is prepared from rough yarn or composite twisted rough yarn for textile processing. The preparation method comprises the steps of: fiber surface treatment; matrix resin impregnation; formation by curing. By using the preparation method, various defects existing in the traditional glass fiber preparation process are overcome; in addition, operation steps such as painting, impregnating, vacuum pressurizing, drying and the like are adopted, so that not only are the preparation steps simple and rapid, but also the large-scale industrial production can be realized, and the preparation cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of continuous basalt fiber matrix material and preparation method thereof, is specifically related to matrix material utilizing the making of basalt fibre strongthener and preparation method thereof, belongs to the preparation field of matrix material.
Background technology
In existing field of compound material, fiber as composite material reinforcement body mainly contains glass fibre, carbon fiber, boron fibre, sapphire whisker, silicon carbide fiber, polyethylene fibre etc., but the restriction due to price factor, most of fiber is all only for military field, only have glass fibre to be widely used in civil area, but in actual application, also there is certain defect as composite material reinforcement body in glass fibre, as:
(1) the production process energy consumption of glass fibre is larger, is unfavorable for energy-conserving and environment-protective;
(2) preparation technology of glass fibre is to harmful, and especially glass fibre hair can produce hormesis to human body skin, after suction human body, can not be decomposed or absorb, and probably causes that pulmonary disorder even produces canceration;
(3) environmental pollution is large, after glass fiber compound material is discarded, can not recycle or natural degradation, is unfavorable for the protection of environment, etc.
Certainly, for overcoming the familiar lacunas of above-mentioned composite material reinforcement body, people have proposed to adopt continuous basalt fiber as the use of composite material reinforcement body, for continuous basalt fiber, we know, it is that to take natural volcano extrusive rock be raw material, under the high temperature of 1450～1500 ℃ after melting, the continuous fibre forming by platinum germanium alloy bushing wire drawing manufacture, there is high strength, high-modulus, high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant, acid and alkali-resistance, radioprotective, electrical isolation, adiabatic sound insulation, filterableness is good, ultimate compression strength is high, many premium propertiess such as damping and shearing resistance height, simultaneously, also be a kind of novel tRecycled Fibers.
An existing patent documentation CN101531806(polyphenyl dioctyl phthalate ethylene glycol fat/basalt fiber composite material and preparation method thereof 2009.9.16) and mono-kind of CN103044877A(containing the matrix material of treated basalt fiber and polymkeric substance and preparation method thereof 2013.04.17) all disclosed a kind of utilize basalt fibre as reinforcement for making the preparation method of matrix material, but we to above-mentioned preparation method obtain composite products and occur on the market by continuous basalt fiber matrix material, carry out performance test, test result shows, different technology conditions has a great impact the mechanical property of matrix material, be mainly manifested in the composition of basalt fiber material system, the selection that fiber surface is processed and the aspects such as structure of matrix material, and existing matrix material need to strengthen in mechanical property, for this reason, the present invention has proposed a kind of continuous basalt fiber matrix material and preparation method thereof specially.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of continuous basalt fiber matrix material, select the basalt fibre of specific component content successively after surface treatment and impregnation matrix resin, can not only obtain the filamentary material that mechanical property is more excellent compared with prior art, can also improve the cost performance that filamentary material is made, simultaneously, more overcome the current use familiar lacunas of glass fibre comparatively widely, had more use value.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of continuous basalt fiber matrix material, overcome the many defects that exist in existing fibreglass maker skill, there is the advantages such as making step is simple, quick, suitablely extensively promote the use of.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of continuous basalt fiber matrix material and preparation method thereof, described basalt fiber composite material be by basalt fibre unidirectional cloth after surface treatment agent is processed, by matrix resin, flooded again and solidify the filamentary material forming, described basalt fibre unidirectional cloth is that the composite twist rove of being used by rove or textile process is made, and its density is 300～400g/m
2, to count by weight ratio, described basalt fibre unidirectional cloth comprises following component:
SO
2：45～60%；
Al
2O
3：14.6～18.3%；
CaO：5.9～9.4%；
Fe
2O
3·FeO：8～11%；
Other alkali metal: 2～3%, the basalt fiber composite material the present invention relates to is that the basalt fibre by specific component content is made, this basalt fibre is different from metal, glass and other carbide raw materials, it is the stable ore of component selected by volcanics, that heavily refining was smelted, exploit also very convenient, the performance of this basalt fibre is very superior, wherein, and SO
2be the main component of basalt fibre, maintained chemical stability and the physical strength of fiber; And Al
2o
3decapacitation improves outside the chemical stability of basalt fibre, same, can also improve its thermostability and physical strength.
In actual mechanical process, basalt fibre, after surface treatment, can improve the composite performance of matrix resin and basalt fibre, and at this, described surface treatment agent comprises: by general formula R
nsiX
4-nthe organosilicon alkanes coupling agent representing, wherein, R comprises methoxy or ethoxy, n is 1,2 or 3.
For better realizing aforesaid operations, described surface treatment agent is fertile blue treatment agent or KH560 treatment agent.
In the present invention, described matrix resin is selected from one or more in vinyl ester resins, epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester resin.
Further, described matrix resin is vinyl ester resins, such as: urethane-modified vinyl ester resins, bisphenol A modified epoxy vinyl fat resin etc.
To better implement the present invention, described other alkali metal comprises Na
2o, K
2o, MgO, TiO
2in one or more combination.
In the present invention, the preparation technology of described continuous basalt fiber matrix material, comprises the steps:
(1) fiber surface is processed: it is 1～5% the aqueous solution that surface treatment agent is configured to concentration, basalt fibre unidirectional cloth is put into this aqueous solution and soak 0.5～3h, after taking-up, put it into again vacuum drying oven at 75～95 ℃, vacuumize heating 20～40min remove moisture, then, regulating vacuum drying oven temperature is 100～120 ℃, and react after 80～100min, complete the surface treatment of basalt fibre unidirectional cloth;
(2) impregnation matrix resin: add successively promotor and solidifying agent in matrix resin, after stirring, make glue, matrix resin: promotor: the weight proportion of solidifying agent is 400:(0.5～1.5): (0.5～1.5), use painting tool that this glue is coated with and is covered with on the basalt fibre unidirectional cloth after surface treatment, brushing number of times is 1～11 time;
(3) curing molding: the basalt fibre unidirectional cloth that step (2) is made is according to 0 ° or 90 ° of direction perpendicular array, put into the solidifying and molding device 0.5～1.5MPa that pressurizes, be warming up to 110～130 ℃, after curing reaction 0.5～1.5h, make basalt fiber composite material.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) basalt fiber composite material the present invention relates to is that the basalt fibre by specific component content makes successively after surface treatment and impregnation matrix resin, the good chemical stability, thermostability and the physical strength that based on basalt fibre, have, the basalt fiber composite material being composited also has stronger mechanical property, can be widely used in industry, the fields such as building trade, petroleum industry and aircraft industry such as civilian.
(2) the present invention has overcome the many defects that exist in existing fibreglass maker skill, adopts the operation stepss such as brushing, dipping, vacuum pressed, oven dry, and not only making step is simple, quick, also can realize industrialized scale operation, and cost of manufacture is cheap.
(3) the present invention is reasonable in design, in actual mechanical process, can adopt fertile blue treatment agent or KH560 treatment agent as surface treatment agent, for the surface treatment of basalt fibre, thereby reach the object that improves matrix resin and basalt fibre composite performance, result of use is good.
(4) matrix resin the present invention relates to can be selected from one or more in vinyl ester resins, epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester resin, especially vinyl ester resins, such as: urethane-modified vinyl ester resins, bisphenol A modified epoxy vinyl fat resin etc., through evidence, when the basalt fiber material that uses vinyl ester resins dipping carries out density measurement, test result surface, its flame retardant resistance, degree of drawing and bending property test effect are better.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment 1:
The present invention proposes a kind of continuous basalt fiber matrix material and preparation method thereof, this basalt fiber composite material be by basalt fibre unidirectional cloth after surface treatment agent is processed, then flood and solidify the filamentary material forming by matrix resin.
Below further describing technical solution of the present invention:
In the present invention, basalt fibre unidirectional cloth is that the composite twist rove of being used by rove or textile process is made, and its density is 300g/m
2, to count by weight ratio, described basalt fibre unidirectional cloth comprises following component:
SO
2：52.43%；
Al
2O
3：18%；
CaO：7.68%；
Fe
2O
3·FeO：10.53%；
Other alkali metal (comprises Na
2o, K
2o, MgO, TiO
2in one or more combination): 11.36%, the basalt fiber composite material the present invention relates to is that the basalt fibre by specific component content is made, this basalt fibre is different from metal, glass and other carbide raw materials, it is the stable ore of component selected by volcanics, that heavily refining was smelted, exploit also very convenient, the performance of this basalt fibre is very superior, wherein, and SO
2be the main component of basalt fibre, maintained chemical stability and the physical strength of fiber; And Al
2o
3decapacitation improves outside the chemical stability of basalt fibre, same, can also improve its thermostability and physical strength.
Surface treatment agent comprises: by general formula R
nsiX
4-nthe organosilicon alkanes coupling agent representing, wherein, R comprises methoxy or ethoxy, n is 1,2 or 3, be mainly used in the surface treatment of basalt fibre, basalt fibre after surface treatment agent is processed with the compound process of matrix resin in, it can be conducive to form between basalt fibre and matrix resin a good bonding interface, thereby reach the object that improves its composite performance, on this basis, the intensity of basalt fibre muscle, wear resisting property etc. are all had to good improvement effect, and in the present embodiment, surface treatment agent is selected fertile blue treatment agent.
Matrix resin can be selected from one or more in vinyl ester resins, epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester resin, be mainly used in the dipping of basalt fibre, on the basis fully infiltrating, matrix resin is filled in the surface of basalt fibre, after resin solidification, can realize cast setting with basalt fibre depression in the surface and place, gap at matrix resin connects, reach the object that improves basalt fibre mechanical characteristic, in the present embodiment, matrix resin is selected urethane-modified vinyl ester resins.
The preparation method of the basalt fiber composite material that the present embodiment relates to comprises the steps:
(1) fiber surface is processed: it is 1% the aqueous solution that fertile blue treatment agent is configured to concentration, basalt fibre unidirectional cloth is put into this aqueous solution and soak 0.5h, after taking-up, put it into again vacuum drying oven at 75 ℃, vacuumize heating 20min remove moisture, then, regulating vacuum drying oven temperature is 100 ℃, and react after 80min, complete the surface treatment of basalt fibre unidirectional cloth;
(2) impregnation matrix resin: add successively promotor and solidifying agent in urethane-modified vinyl ester resins, after stirring, make glue, matrix resin: promotor: the weight proportion of solidifying agent is 400:0.5:0.5, use painting tool that this glue is coated with and is covered with on the basalt fibre unidirectional cloth after surface treatment, brushing number of times is 11 times;
(3) curing molding: the basalt fibre unidirectional cloth that step (2) is made is according to 0 ° or 90 ° of direction perpendicular array, put into the solidifying and molding device 0.5MPa that pressurizes, be warming up to 110 ℃, after curing reaction 0.5, make basalt fiber composite material, its fiber volume fraction is 37.5%.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, the density of basalt fibre unidirectional cloth is 350g/m
2, to count by weight ratio, basalt fibre comprises following component:
SO
2：52.43%；
Al
2O
3：18%；
CaO：7.68%；
Fe
2O
3·FeO：10.53%；
Other alkali metal (comprises Na
2o, K
2o, MgO, TiO
2in one or more combination): 11.36%;
Surface treatment agent is selected KH560 treatment agent;
Matrix resin is selected bisphenol A modified epoxy vinyl fat resin.
The preparation method of the basalt fiber composite material that the present embodiment relates to comprises the steps:
(1) fiber surface is processed: it is 2% the aqueous solution that KH560 treatment agent is configured to concentration, basalt fibre unidirectional cloth is put into this aqueous solution and soak 1.5h, after taking-up, put it into again vacuum drying oven at 80 ℃, vacuumize heating 30min remove moisture, then, regulating vacuum drying oven temperature is 110 ℃, and react after 90min, complete the surface treatment of basalt fibre unidirectional cloth;
(2) impregnation matrix resin: add successively promotor and solidifying agent in bisphenol A modified epoxy vinyl fat resin, after stirring, make glue, matrix resin: promotor: the weight proportion of solidifying agent is 400:1:1, use painting tool that this glue is coated with and is covered with on the basalt fibre unidirectional cloth after surface treatment, brushing number of times is 11 times;
(3) curing molding: the basalt fibre unidirectional cloth that step (2) is made is according to 0 ° or 90 ° of direction perpendicular array, put into the solidifying and molding device 1MPa that pressurizes, be warming up to 120 ℃, after curing reaction 1h, make basalt fiber composite material, its fiber volume fraction is 37.5%.
Embodiment 3:
In the present embodiment, the density of basalt fibre unidirectional cloth is 400g/m
2, to count by weight ratio, basalt fibre comprises following component:
SO
2：52.43%；
Al
2O
3：18%；
CaO：7.68%；
Fe
2O
3·FeO：10.53%；
Other alkali metal (comprises Na
2o, K
2o, MgO, TiO
2in one or more combination): 11.36%;
Surface treatment agent is selected KH560 treatment agent;
Matrix resin is selected bisphenol A modified epoxy vinyl fat resin.
(1) fiber surface is processed: it is 5% the aqueous solution that KH560 treatment agent is configured to concentration, basalt fibre unidirectional cloth is put into this aqueous solution and soak 3h, after taking-up, put it into again vacuum drying oven at 95 ℃, vacuumize heating 40min remove moisture, then, regulating vacuum drying oven temperature is 120 ℃, and react after 100min, complete the surface treatment of basalt fibre unidirectional cloth;
(2) impregnation matrix resin: add successively promotor and solidifying agent in bisphenol A modified epoxy vinyl fat resin, after stirring, make glue, matrix resin: promotor: the weight proportion of solidifying agent is 400:1.5:1.5, use painting tool that this glue is coated with and is covered with on the basalt fibre unidirectional cloth after surface treatment, brushing number of times is 11 times;
(3) curing molding: the basalt fibre unidirectional cloth that step (2) is made is according to 0 ° or 90 ° of direction perpendicular array, put into the solidifying and molding device 1.5MPa that pressurizes, be warming up to 130 ℃, after curing reaction 1.5h, make basalt fiber composite material, its fiber volume fraction is 37.5%.
The basalt fiber composite material making in above-described embodiment 1～3 is carried out to Mechanics Performance Testing, and test result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
| Numbering | Fibre density | Fiber volume fraction | Tensile strength | Young's modulus | Flexural strength | Modulus in flexure |
| 1 | 300g/m 2 | 37.5% | 275.6 | 15.7 | 495.0 | 16.5 |
| 2 | 350g/m 2 | 37.5% | 264.9 | 14.7 | 489.3 | 16.2 |
| 3 | 400g/m 2 | 37.5% | 255.6 | 14.0 | 492.0 | 15.8 |
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention done to any pro forma restriction, and any simple modification, equivalent variations that every foundation technical spirit of the present invention is done above embodiment, within all falling into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a continuous basalt fiber matrix material, it is characterized in that: described basalt fiber composite material be by basalt fibre unidirectional cloth after surface treatment agent is processed, by matrix resin, flooded again and solidify the filamentary material forming, described basalt fibre unidirectional cloth is that the composite twist rove of being used by rove or textile process is made, and its density is 300～400g/m
2, to count by weight ratio, described basalt fibre unidirectional cloth comprises following component:
SO
2：45～60%；
Al
2O
3：14.6～18.3%；
CaO：5.9～9.4%；
Fe
2O
3·FeO：8～11%；
Other alkali metal: 2～3%.
2. a kind of continuous basalt fiber matrix material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described surface treatment agent comprises: by general formula R
nsiX
4-nthe organosilicon alkanes coupling agent representing, wherein, R comprises methoxy or ethoxy, n is 1,2 or 3.
3. a kind of continuous basalt fiber matrix material according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described surface treatment agent is fertile blue treatment agent or KH560 treatment agent.
4. a kind of continuous basalt fiber matrix material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described matrix resin is selected from one or more in vinyl ester resins, epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester resin.
5. a kind of continuous basalt fiber matrix material according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described matrix resin is vinyl ester resins.
6. a kind of continuous basalt fiber matrix material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described other alkali metal comprises Na
2o, K
2o, MgO, TiO
2in one or more combination.
7. the preparation technology of continuous basalt fiber matrix material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
(1) fiber surface is processed: it is 1～5% the aqueous solution that surface treatment agent is configured to concentration, basalt fibre unidirectional cloth is put into this aqueous solution and soak 0.5～3h, after taking-up, put it into again vacuum drying oven at 75～95 ℃, vacuumize heating 20～40min remove moisture, then, regulating vacuum drying oven temperature is 100～120 ℃, and react after 80～100min, complete the surface treatment of basalt fibre unidirectional cloth;
(2) impregnation matrix resin: add successively promotor and solidifying agent in matrix resin, after stirring, make glue, matrix resin: promotor: the weight proportion of solidifying agent is 400:(0.5～1.5): (0.5～1.5), use painting tool that this glue is coated with and is covered with on the basalt fibre unidirectional cloth after surface treatment, brushing number of times is 1～11 time;
(3) curing molding: the basalt fibre unidirectional cloth that step (2) is made is according to 0 ° or 90 ° of direction perpendicular array, put into the solidifying and molding device 0.5～1.5MPa that pressurizes, be warming up to 110～130 ℃, after curing reaction 0.5～1.5h, make basalt fiber composite material.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105167353A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-23 | 安徽冠宜箱包有限公司 | Manufacturing process of magnetic fabric of backpack coin bag |
| CN105885464A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-08-24 | 曹剑 | Anticorrosive basalt fiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105885341A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-24 | 四川航天五源复合材料有限公司 | Continuous basalt fiber composite material door and window sectional material |
| CN106195610A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-12-07 | 山西晋投玄武岩开发有限公司 | A kind of basalt fibre grille section peculiar to vessel and the grid peculiar to vessel made of it |
| CN106589795A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-04-26 | 四川自胜机电设备有限责任公司 | Preparation method for basalt fiber engine hood |
| CN107499495A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-12-22 | 中北大学 | A kind of composite wing skins front edges of interior pad sandwich core material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109294268A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-01 | 吉林省华阳新材料研发有限公司 | A kind of basalt composite material and its preparation method and application |
| CN109383086A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of low temperature wear-resisting high-strength degree short carbon fiber-basalt unidirectional cloth fiber hybrid composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN109486117A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-19 | 吉林省华阳新材料研发有限公司 | A kind of auto parts and components and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101235152A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-08-06 | 北京林业大学 | Basalt continuous fibre enhancement resin composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
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2014
- 2014-06-25 CN CN201410288650.0A patent/CN104059335A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101235152A (en) * | 2007-06-13 | 2008-08-06 | 北京林业大学 | Basalt continuous fibre enhancement resin composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
Cited By (12)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105885464A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-08-24 | 曹剑 | Anticorrosive basalt fiber composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN105167353A (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2015-12-23 | 安徽冠宜箱包有限公司 | Manufacturing process of magnetic fabric of backpack coin bag |
| CN105885341A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-24 | 四川航天五源复合材料有限公司 | Continuous basalt fiber composite material door and window sectional material |
| CN106195610A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2016-12-07 | 山西晋投玄武岩开发有限公司 | A kind of basalt fibre grille section peculiar to vessel and the grid peculiar to vessel made of it |
| CN106195610B (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2018-09-04 | 山西晋投玄武岩开发有限公司 | A kind of basalt fibre grille section peculiar to vessel and grid peculiar to vessel with its making |
| CN106589795A (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2017-04-26 | 四川自胜机电设备有限责任公司 | Preparation method for basalt fiber engine hood |
| CN106589795B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-11-27 | 四川自胜机电设备有限责任公司 | A kind of preparation method of basalt fibre hood |
| CN107499495A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2017-12-22 | 中北大学 | A kind of composite wing skins front edges of interior pad sandwich core material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109294268A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-02-01 | 吉林省华阳新材料研发有限公司 | A kind of basalt composite material and its preparation method and application |
| CN109383086A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-26 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of low temperature wear-resisting high-strength degree short carbon fiber-basalt unidirectional cloth fiber hybrid composite and preparation method thereof |
| CN109486117A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-19 | 吉林省华阳新材料研发有限公司 | A kind of auto parts and components and preparation method thereof |
| CN109486117B (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2021-08-31 | 吉林省华阳新材料研发有限公司 | Automobile part and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140924 |