CN104034669B - A kind of photon isofrequency map of optical microcavity and the Polaroid device of band structure - Google Patents
A kind of photon isofrequency map of optical microcavity and the Polaroid device of band structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104034669B CN104034669B CN201410258822.XA CN201410258822A CN104034669B CN 104034669 B CN104034669 B CN 104034669B CN 201410258822 A CN201410258822 A CN 201410258822A CN 104034669 B CN104034669 B CN 104034669B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of photon isofrequency map and the Polaroid device of band structure of optical microcavity, at least comprise a unlimited tube length microcobjective, be a set ofly furnished with the grating spectrograph of two-dimensional CCD, a set of microscope illumination system, an optical fiber, a monochromator, a wideband light source and a set of imaging system; Photon isofrequency map and band structure are measured by realizing using lower component: according to Abbe sine relation by unlimited tube length microcobjective as a kind of transformation device that the reciprocal space is directly transformed into the real space, form the linear corresponding relation of vertical direction of principal axis coordinate position on tangential wave resultant back focal plane, survey two-dimensional CCD that light path glazing spectrometer is equipped with by imaging system and objective lens ' conjugation, by monochromator and spectrometer be used in conjunction with the photon isofrequency map and the band structure that obtain institute's test sample product. The present invention has realized the convenience of photon isofrequency map and band structure, Polaroid measurement, can be applied to the optical property measurement in micronano optical field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectrum detection technique, especially the photon isofrequency map of optical microcavity and band structure are onceImaging device, it can be used for the spectrum in the fields such as micro-nano structure optics, photonic crystal, surface plasma and examinesSurvey.
Background technology
As everyone knows, how to regulate and control artificially photonic nature become optical field in recent years study hotspot itOne. Up to the present, artificial micro-cavity structure is the most effective mode of regulation and control photon behavior by Gongwei, comprises eachPlant periodically nano material, photon crystal micro cavity, surface plasma microcavity, semiconductor nano microcavity, optical fiberMicrocavity etc. These micro-cavity structures are in light sensing, all-optical switch, photonic integrated circuits, microfabrication, superThe aspect such as resolution imaging, stealthy cape has boundless application prospect. For these micro-cavity structures, outstandingIt is as photonic crystal or periodically nano material, photonic band structures and photon isofrequency map energy of surface plasmaEnough optical characteristics that reflects the most intuitively material structure. Can distinguish crystalline material by photonic band structures isThe no forbidden band that exists, and isofrequency map can clearly clearly reflect that electromagnetic wave enters the equivalent refractive index of crystal etc.Problem. Along with the development of computer technology, nowadays form a series of as finite time-domain difference, flatMore perfect, reliable theoretical calculating and analogue technique such as ground roll expansion. Under the support of these technology, peopleCan on purpose design the periodicity material system with various new functions. But, be mathematicallyThe optical characteristics that how to obtain experimentally new material is only optimum theory and guiding material design betterThe only way which must be passed.
It is reported, periodically the optical characteristics of nano material is obtained in detection technique and is but greatly limited.Nowadays domestic main flow detection technique is mainly to realize approximate by the numerical aperture of restriction optical systemThis method of testing of single angle incident. Owing to wanting multi-angle scanning, not only waste time and energy, and require quiltDetect the physical dimension of sample and must reach a millimeter magnitude, these defects seriously run counter to nano material microminiaturization,Integrated development trend, and make people lack enough understanding to the photonic propulsion character of new designing material,Thereby be difficult to its application prospect make objectively, reasonable foreseeability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of optic testing system based on Abbe sine relation, has solved existing micro-nano humorousSingle, the complicated problem of chamber optical characteristics material optical detection means of shaking.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of photon isofrequency map and photonic band structures test systemSystem. This system can be transformed into the real space the reciprocal space, and its transformation device at least comprises a set of two Vcs of being furnished withThe grating spectrograph of CD, the microcobjective of a unlimited tube length, a set of microscope illumination system, a lightFine, monochromator, broadband light source, a set of imaging optical system, irradiated sample reflectionLight enters detection light path through wireless tube length microcobjective, wherein:
Photon isofrequency map is measured by realizing with lower component: described unlimited tube length microcobjective is regarded a kind ofThe transformation device that directly reciprocal space is transformed into the real space, is placed on the sample on microcobjective front focal planeThe light of the different angles that product send converges to microcobjective back focal plane diverse location, forms tangential wave resultantThe corresponding relation of back focal length plane space position, by imaging optical system by back focal length planar imaging to lightSpectrometer entrance slit place; The complex light that in illumination path, white light source sends is passed through light after monochromator splittingFine access microscope Kohler illumination system, closes and collects the light splitting function of spectrometer in light path slit is completeEntirely open, now two-dimensional CCD can directly carry out Polaroid to photon isofrequency map in objective lens '。
Photonic band structures is measured by realizing with lower component: monochromator splitting function in input path is closedMaking incident light is complex light, and now microcobjective back focal plane has presented the stack of different wave length isofrequency map, open light splitting function, the constriction entrance slit width of spectrometer in collection light path and can be with direction in order to selectionThereby, making the spectrum orientation detection wavelength information of two-dimensional CCD, slit direction is surveyed tangential wave vector information,Realize the test to sample photonic band structures.
It is to utilize Abbe sine relation that photon isofrequency map and photonic band structures detect principle, by wireless cylinderThe focal plane, front and back of long microcobjective is directly transformed into the real space by the reciprocal space, then by input pathBeing used in conjunction with of the spectrometer of monochromator and collection light path, can pass through two-dimensional CCD Polaroid directTake photon isofrequency map and the photonic band gap figure of sample. The present invention utilizes wireless tube length microcobjective focusingThis carries out strict aberration correction to conjugate planes plane and infinity, thereby meets the spy of Abbe sine relationProperty, the photoimaging of the different angles that it can send the sample surfaces that is placed in front focal plane is to burnt after object lensThe diverse location place of plane, the linear corresponding relation of angulation sine value and locus. In theory,Only need record the photon isofrequency map that the distribution of back focal plane epigraph just can be recorded a certain specific wavelength completely,Thereby extract photonic band structures. Because back focal plane is close to microcobjective, system need to be by a set ofImaging optical system by back focal plane imaging to away from the grating spectrograph entrance slit position of object lens, more logicalCross being used in conjunction with of the monochromator of input path and the spectrometer of collection light path, two-dimensional CCD can be passed throughThe photon isofrequency map of Polaroid direct shooting sample and photonic band gap figure.
Superiority of the present invention is: can utilize the disposable shooting of two-dimensional CCD to be placed in unlimited tube length micro-Photon isofrequency map and the band structure of sample on object lens front focal plane, really accomplished easily and fast, nothingDamage and survey; For the research of micro-nano structure optics, photonic crystal provides a kind of spectrum detection device of practicality。
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of photon isofrequency map and photonic band structures based on Abbe's sine condition provided by the inventionThe schematic diagram of Polaroid measurement mechanism;
Fig. 2 is the photon isofrequency map (a) of a two-dimensional and periodic nanometer bead taken of native system and rightThe calculated results (b) of answering.
Fig. 3 is the photonic band gap figure (a) of a two-dimensional and periodic nanometer bead that takes of native system and rightThe calculated results (b) of answering.
Description of symbols in Fig. 1
1---wireless tube length microcobjective;
2---two-dimensional CCD;
3---grating spectrograph;
4---microscope illumination system:
5---optical fiber;
6---monochromator;
7---broadband white light source:
8---symmetrical expression achromatism imaging system;
9---front focal plane;
10---back focal plane;
11---spectrometer entrance slit face;
12---beam splitter.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides the schematic diagram of a kind of photon isofrequency map and the Polaroid measurement mechanism of photonic band structuresAs shown in Figure 1.
A kind of photon isofrequency map and the Polaroid measurement mechanism of photonic band structures, utilize in optical imageryAbbe sine relation, comprise a unlimited tube length microcobjective 1, be a set ofly furnished with two-dimensional CCD2 grating spectrograph 3, a set of microscope illumination system 4, optical fiber 5, monochromator 6, one wideWavestrip light source 7, a set of imaging optical system 8, wherein main devices design parameter is as follows:
Unlimited tube length microcobjective 1 multiplication factor 50X, numerical aperture 0.5;
Imaging system 8 adopts achromatic lens group imaging system, and microcobjective back focal plane 10 and spectrometer enterPenetrating slit jaw 11 is respectively two conjugate planes of imaging system and the large imaging such as completes;
The burnt length of grating spectrograph 3 is 400mm, and grating is that 600 grooves, blaze wavelength are 400nm;
Two-dimensional CCD2 is the silicon face array detector of 1024 (spectrum direction) × 256 (slit direction), and single Pixel size is 15um, detectable wavelength is 400 to 1100nm;
Microscope illumination system 4 adopts traditional Kohler illumination mode, realizes visual field and aperture is controlled;
The burnt length of monochromator 6 is 300mm, and grating is that 600 grooves, blaze wavelength are 400nm;
Described photon isofrequency map and the Polaroid measurement mechanism of photonic band structures are by micro-unlimited tube length thingMirror 1 is as a kind of transformation device that the reciprocal space is transformed into the real space, microcobjective front focal plane 9 place's samplesThe reverberation of the different angles that send on product surface converges to microcobjective back focal plane 10 diverse locations, according toAbbe sine relation, the vertical direction of principal axis coordinate of the sine value of angle and back focal plane is linear, afterLocus on focal plane can and tangential wave vector form corresponding relation, by imaging optical system 8 by rear JiaoPlanar imaging is to spectrometer entrance slit 11 places of collecting light path,Close spectrometer 3 light splitting functions and slit is opened completely, thereby two-dimensional CCD 2 is completed burnt after object lensThe imaging of photon isofrequency map in plane; In order to obtain photonic band structures, close in input path single simultaneouslyThe light splitting function of look instrument 6 realizes complex light incident, and now microcobjective 1 back focal plane has presented different ripplesThe superposed signal of long isofrequency map is opened spectrometer 3 light splitting functions, the constriction entrance slit of collecting light path simultaneouslyWidth can be with direction in order to selection, thereby makes two-dimensional CCD 2 spectrum orientation detection wavelength information, slit directionSurvey tangential wave vector information, complete paired samples photonic band structures test.
Claims (2)
1. the photon isofrequency map of optical resonator and the Polaroid measurement mechanism of photonic band structures, compriseThe microcobjective (1) of a unlimited tube length, a set of grating spectrograph (3) of being furnished with two-dimensional CCD (2),A set of microscope illumination system (4), an optical fiber (5), a monochromator (6), a wide wavestrip light source(7), a set of imaging optical system (8), it is characterized in that:
Described Polaroid measurement mechanism regards unlimited tube length microcobjective (1) as one directly wave vector skyBetween be transformed into the transformation device of the real space, be placed on that sample on microcobjective front focal plane (9) sendsThe light of different angles converges to microcobjective back focal plane (10) diverse location, burnt after formation tangential wave resultantThe corresponding relation of plane space position, by imaging optical system (8) by back focal plane (10) imaging to lightGrating spectrograph (3) entrance slit (11) is located; The complex light that in illumination path, wide wavestrip light source (7) sendsAfter monochromator (6), access microscope illumination system (4) by optical fiber (5); Test photon equifrequencyWhen figure, monochromator (6) light splitting output monochromatic light, closes and collects grating spectrograph (3) light splitting merit in light pathCan make two-dimensional CCD (2) directly back focal length plane be taken pictures; When test photonic band structures,Close monochromator (6) light splitting fuction output complex light, grating spectrograph (3) carries out grating beam splitting, nowTwo-dimensional CCD (2) obtains the tangential wave vector information of spectral information and a certain specific direction simultaneously.
2. the photon isofrequency map of a kind of optical resonator according to claim 1 and photonic band structures oneInferior image measuring device, is characterized in that: described microscope illumination system (4) adopts convenient control to showMicro-objective lens ' (10) is located the Kohler illumination mode of the tangential wave vector scope of isofrequency map.
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