CN104034669A - Primary imaging device of photon equi-frequency map and energy-band structure of optical microcavity - Google Patents
Primary imaging device of photon equi-frequency map and energy-band structure of optical microcavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN104034669A CN104034669A CN201410258822.XA CN201410258822A CN104034669A CN 104034669 A CN104034669 A CN 104034669A CN 201410258822 A CN201410258822 A CN 201410258822A CN 104034669 A CN104034669 A CN 104034669A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a primary imaging device of a photon equi-frequency map and an energy-band structure of an optical microcavity. The primary imaging device at least comprises a microscope objective with unlimited tube length, a set of grating spectrometer equipped with a two-dimensional CCD (Charge Coupled Device), a set of microscope illumination system, an optical fiber, a monochrometer, a wide-band light source and a set of imaging system. The measurement of the photon equi-frequency map and the energy-band structure is realized by the following steps: taking the microscope objective with the unlimited tube length as a conversion device for directly converting a wave-vector space into a real space according to the Abbe sine relation, forming a linear correspondence relation of the tangential wave vector and the coordinate position of the vertical-axis direction on a rear focal plane, detecting conjugation of the two-dimensional CCD equipped by the spectrometer on an optical path by the imaging system and the rear focal plane of the objective, and by matching use of the monochrometer and the spectrometer, obtaining the photon equi-frequency map and the energy-band structure of a detected sample. The primary imaging device disclosed by the invention has the advantages that convenient and primary imaging measurement of the photon equi-frequency map and the energy-band structure is realized and the application to the measurement of the optical property in the micronano optical field can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spectrum detection technique, the especially photon isofrequency map of optical microcavity and the Polaroid device of band structure, it can be used for the spectral detection in the fields such as micro-nano structure optics, photonic crystal, surface plasma.
Background technology
As everyone knows, how to regulate and control artificially photonic nature and become one of study hotspot of optical field in recent years.Up to the present, artificial micro-cavity structure is the most effective mode of regulation and control photon behavior by Gongwei, comprises various periodicity nano materials, photon crystal micro cavity, surface plasma microcavity, semiconductor nano microcavity, optical fiber microcavity etc.These micro-cavity structures have boundless application prospect at aspects such as light sensing, all-optical switch, photonic integrated circuits, microfabrication, super-resolution imaging, stealthy capes.For these micro-cavity structures, especially, as photonic crystal or periodically nano material of surface plasma, photonic band structures and photon isofrequency map can reflect the optical characteristics of material structure the most intuitively.Can distinguish crystalline material by photonic band structures and whether have forbidden band, and isofrequency map can clearly clearly reflect that electromagnetic wave enters the problems such as the equivalent refractive index of crystal.Along with the development of computer technology, a series of theoretical calculating and analogue technique as more perfect, reliable in finite time-domain difference, plane wave expansion etc. are nowadays formed.Under the support of these technology, people can on purpose design the periodicity material system with various new functions.But mathematical is that the optical characteristics that how to obtain experimentally new material is only the only way which must be passed of optimum theory and guiding material design better.
It is reported, periodically the optical characteristics of nano material is obtained in detection technique and is but greatly limited.Nowadays domestic main flow detection technique is mainly to realize approximate this method of testing of single angle incident by the numerical aperture of restriction optical system.Owing to wanting multi-angle scanning, not only waste time and energy, and require the physical dimension of detected sample must reach a millimeter magnitude, these defects have seriously been run counter to nano material microminiaturization, integrated development trend, and make people lack enough understanding to the photonics character of new designing material, thereby be difficult to its application prospect make objectively, reasonable foreseeability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of optic testing system based on Abbe sine relation, has solved single, the complicated problem of existing micro-nano resonator cavity optical characteristics material optical detection means.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides a kind of photon isofrequency map and photonic band structures test macro.This system can be transformed into the real space the reciprocal space, its transformation device at least comprises a set of the be furnished with microcobjective of the grating spectrograph of two-dimensional CCD, a unlimited tube length, a set of microscope illumination system, optical fiber, monochromator, broadband light source, a set of imaging optical system, irradiated sample reflected light enters detection light path through wireless tube length microcobjective, wherein:
Photon isofrequency map is measured by realizing with lower component: described unlimited tube length microcobjective is regarded to a kind of transformation device that directly reciprocal space is transformed into the real space, the light that is placed on the different angles that the sample on microcobjective front focal plane sends converges to microcobjective back focal plane diverse location, form the corresponding relation of tangential wave resultant back focal length plane space position, by imaging optical system by back focal length planar imaging to spectrometer entrance slit place; The complex light that in illumination path, white light source sends accesses microscope Kohler illumination system by optical fiber after monochromator splitting, close and collect the light splitting function of spectrometer in light path and slit is opened completely, now two-dimensional CCD can directly carry out Polaroid to photon isofrequency map in objective lens '.
Photonic band structures is measured by realizing taking lower component: monochromator splitting function in input path is closed and made incident light as complex light, now microcobjective back focal plane has presented the stack of different wave length isofrequency map, open light splitting function, the constriction entrance slit width of spectrometer in collection light path and can be with direction in order to selection, thereby make the spectrum orientation detection wavelength information of two-dimensional CCD, slit direction is surveyed tangential wave vector information, realizes the test to sample photonic band structures.
It is to utilize Abbe sine relation that photon isofrequency map and photonic band structures detect principle, focal plane, front and back by wireless tube length microcobjective is directly transformed into the real space by the reciprocal space, monochromator by input path and collect being used in conjunction with of spectrometer of light path again, makes the two-dimensional CCD can be by the photon isofrequency map of Polaroid direct shooting sample and photonic band gap figure.The present invention utilizes wireless tube length microcobjective this carries out strict aberration correction to conjugate plane to focal plane and infinity, thereby meet the characteristic of Abbe sine relation, the photoimaging of the different angles that it can send the sample surfaces that is placed in front focal plane is to the diverse location place of objective lens ', the linear corresponding relation of angulation sine value and locus.In theory, only need record the distribution of back focal plane epigraph and just can record the photon isofrequency map of a certain specific wavelength completely, thereby extract photonic band structures.Because back focal plane is close to microcobjective, system need to be by a set of imaging optical system by back focal plane imaging to away from the grating spectrograph entrance slit position of object lens, monochromator by input path and collect being used in conjunction with of spectrometer of light path again, makes the two-dimensional CCD can be by the photon isofrequency map of Polaroid direct shooting sample and photonic band gap figure.
Superiority of the present invention is: can utilize the disposable shooting of two-dimensional CCD to be placed in photon isofrequency map and the band structure of sample on unlimited tube length microcobjective front focal plane, really accomplish easily and fast, lossless detection; For the research of micro-nano structure optics, photonic crystal provides a kind of spectrum detection device of practicality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of photon isofrequency map based on Abbe sine condition provided by the invention and the schematic diagram of the Polaroid measurement mechanism of photonic band structures;
Fig. 2 is the photon isofrequency map (a) of a two-dimensional and periodic nanometer bead and the calculated results (b) of correspondence that native system is taken.
Fig. 3 is the photonic band gap figure (a) of a two-dimensional and periodic nanometer bead and the calculated results (b) of correspondence that native system is taken.
Description of symbols in Fig. 1
1---wireless tube length microcobjective;
2---two-dimensional CCD;
3---grating spectrograph;
4---microscope illumination system:
5---optical fiber;
6---monochromator;
7---broadband white light source:
8---symmetrical expression achromatism imaging system;
9---front focal plane;
10---back focal plane;
11---spectrometer entrance slit face;
12---beam splitter.
Embodiment
The invention provides the schematic diagram of a kind of photon isofrequency map and the Polaroid measurement mechanism of photonic band structures as shown in Figure 1.
A kind of photon isofrequency map and the Polaroid measurement mechanism of photonic band structures, utilize the Abbe sine relation in optical imagery, comprise a unlimited tube length microcobjective 1, be a set ofly furnished with the grating spectrograph 3 of two-dimensional CCD 2, a set of microscope illumination system 4, optical fiber 5, monochromator 6, wide wavestrip light source 7, a set of imaging optical system 8, wherein main devices design parameter is as follows:
Unlimited tube length microcobjective 1 enlargement factor 50X, numerical aperture 0.5;
Imaging system 8 adopts achromat group imaging system, and microcobjective back focal plane 10 and spectrometer entrance slit face 11 are respectively two conjugate plane of imaging system and the large imaging such as complete;
The burnt length of grating spectrograph 3 is 400mm, and grating is that 600 grooves, blaze wavelength are 400nm;
Two-dimensional CCD 2 is the silicon face array detector of 1024 (spectrum direction) × 256 (slit direction), and single Pixel size is 15um, and detectable wavelength is 400 to 1100nm;
Microscope illumination system 4 adopts traditional Kohler illumination mode, realizes visual field and aperture is controlled;
The burnt length of monochromator 6 is 300mm, and grating is that 600 grooves, blaze wavelength are 400nm;
Described photon isofrequency map and the Polaroid measurement mechanism of photonic band structures are using unlimited tube length microcobjective 1 as a kind of transformation device that the reciprocal space is transformed into the real space, the reflected light of the different angles that microcobjective front focal plane 9 place's sample surfaces send converges to microcobjective back focal plane 10 diverse locations, according to Abbe sine relation, the vertical direction of principal axis coordinate of the sine value of angle and back focal plane is linear, be locus meeting and the tangential wave vector formation corresponding relation on back focal plane, by imaging optical system 8 by back focal plane imaging to spectrometer entrance slit 11 places of collecting light path, close spectrometer 3 light splitting functions and slit is opened completely, thereby make two-dimensional CCD 2 complete the imaging to photon isofrequency map in objective lens ', simultaneously in order to obtain photonic band structures, the light splitting function of closing monochromator 6 in input path realizes complex light incident, now microcobjective 1 back focal plane has presented the superposed signal of different wave length isofrequency map, open spectrometer 3 light splitting functions, the constriction entrance slit width of collection light path simultaneously and can be with direction in order to selection, thereby make two-dimensional CCD 2 spectrum orientation detection wavelength information, slit direction is surveyed tangential wave vector information, complete paired samples photonic band structures test.
Claims (2)
1. the photon isofrequency map of an optical resonator and the Polaroid measurement mechanism of photonic band structures, comprise a unlimited tube length microcobjective (1), be a set ofly furnished with the grating spectrograph (3) of two-dimensional CCD (2), a set of microscope illumination system (4), an optical fiber (5), a monochromator (6), a wide wavestrip light source (7), a set of imaging optical system (8), it is characterized in that:
A kind of transformation device that directly reciprocal space is transformed into the real space regarded by unlimited tube length microcobjective (1) by described Polaroid measurement mechanism, the light that is placed on the different angles that the sample on microcobjective front focal plane (9) sends converges to microcobjective back focal plane (10) diverse location, form the corresponding relation of tangential wave resultant back focal plane locus, by imaging optical system (8), back focal plane (10) imaging to spectrometer (3) entrance slit (11) is located; The complex light that white light source in illumination path (7) sends accesses microscope illumination system (4) by optical fiber (5) after monochromator (6); When test photon isofrequency map, monochromator (6) light splitting output monochromatic light, closes collection light path glazing spectrometer (3) light splitting function CCD (2) is directly taken pictures to back focal length plane; When test photonic band structures, close monochromator (6) light splitting fuction output complex light, spectrometer (3) carries out grating beam splitting, and now CCD (2) obtains the tangential wave vector information of spectral information and a certain specific direction simultaneously.
2. the photon isofrequency map of a kind of optical resonator according to claim 1 and the Polaroid measurement mechanism of photonic band structures, is characterized in that: described microscope illumination system (4) adopts convenient control microcobjective back focal plane (10) to locate the Kohler illumination mode of the tangential wave vector scope of isofrequency map.
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