CN104026050A - Variable water layer raft shellfish farming method - Google Patents
Variable water layer raft shellfish farming method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104026050A CN104026050A CN201410243449.0A CN201410243449A CN104026050A CN 104026050 A CN104026050 A CN 104026050A CN 201410243449 A CN201410243449 A CN 201410243449A CN 104026050 A CN104026050 A CN 104026050A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention relates to a shellfish farming method, and particularly discloses a variable water layer raft shellfish farming method. Profile temperature chain buoys are used for the long-term, fixed-point, continuous, multi-level and real-time monitoring of changes in the temperature of seawater in a farming area, and data is transmitted to a shore monitoring computer terminal, so that the temperature is accurately measured, seasonal thermoclines are effectively monitored, shellfish farming water layers are timely regulated, the influence of temperature changes and particularly the thermoclines on shellfish farming is avoided, sea area resources are fully and effectively utilized, a relatively stable and suitable living environment is provided for shellfishes, and the survival rate and growth speed of patinopecten yesoensis are increased; in addition, the farming water layers are 10 to 30 meters, so that the attachment of stains is avoided, the frequency of adjusting the shellfish at different water layers in cages is reduced, and the labor intensity is reduced; the method is significant for the upgrading of the shellfish industry.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shellfish culture method, especially a kind of water layer platform raft shellfish culture method that becomes.
Background technology
At present, in China's Coastal Areas, the cultivation development of shellfish rapidly, has become the sea area such as Liaodong Peninsula, the chang-dao emphasis aquaculture industry of northern China, and breeding way mainly adopts the end to broadcast propagation (propagation of releasing) and two kinds of modes of suspended longline farming.Broadcast Reproduction methods and has ensured and biological in natural environment, grow at the end, as a kind of healthy aquaculture pattern, make full use of the natural, ecological ability of seawater, safety and the quality of aquaculture organism are ensured, and having the Environmental variations such as stormy waves affects the advantages such as less, broadcasts propagation but not all marine site is all applicable to the end.The end broadcasts that region must be that water temperature is suitable, seabed is gravel, sand and silt particle substrate, the suitable marine site of soft or hard degree, and the marine sites such as ooze substrate cannot be carried out the end and be broadcast propagation.Therefore be suitable for Patinopecten yessoensis the release sea area of propagation substrate condition of water temperature condition and not being suitable for of growing for possessing, carrying out floating raft type facility cultivation is the another kind of mode that Patinopecten yessoensis is produced.And suspended longline farming is in Nearshore Shallow Sea district, put water layer in a suitable place to breed limited by the depth of water, cannot evade water temperature and change frequently, the fouling organisms such as assorted algae and mussel adhere to, and the disaster factors impact such as typhoon, when serious, can cause and put kind Serious Mortality in a suitable place to breed.
The north Huanghai Sea one of the most noticeable hydrological characteristics is northern Huanghai Cold Water Mass, affected by it, and territory, north Yellow Sea forms seasonal thermocline, and seasonal thermocline, refers to that ocean temperature is with the most significant water layer of change in depth.At this thermocline in middle latitude sea area significantly with becoming season, therefore be called " seasonal thermocline ".Its result in the comprehensive function of the marine site of certain depth that is the heat exchange of sea-gas, wind in reasons such as the stress on sea, stormy waves, trend, ocean currents.Taking the Huanghai Sea as example, thermocline in 3, form April gradually, 5, June, the thermocline degree of depth was 5-10 rice, thermocline intensity is 1.0-2.0 DEG C/meter, and August is the most prosperous and the most powerful, and 9-10 month is along with top layer cooling and increase salt, convection current mixes to be strengthened, thermocline starts to profundal zone decline, and the degree of depth is deepened month by month, until disappear.
In sum, how effectively to evade seasonal thermocline impact, guarantee shellfish healthy aquaculture, become the problem that scallop culture industry is urgently answered.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of healthy ecology scale shellfish culture method of fully effectively utilizing marine site resource.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: become water layer platform raft shellfish culture method, specific as follows:
(1) in northern Huanghai Sea seasonal thermocline mariculture area, lay section temperature chain buoy, the ocean temperature of monitoring in real time the each water layer in culture zone changes;
(2) section temperature chain buoy is monitored the temperature data of same asynchronism(-nization) water layer, by temperature detection monitoring program, adopt satellite time transfer, fixed interval carries out one-time detection, by wireless-transmission network, testing result is sent to bank station server, generate visual chart, download and show associated temperature chart by network terminal computer;
(3) in shellfish culture process, determine thermocline place water layer and intensity thereof according to the monitoring temperature record of section temperature chain buoy, when being about to exceed in the tolerance of putting kind in a suitable place to breed, thermocline intensity prescribes a time limit, according to section temperature chain monitoring record and thermocline position, adjust breed variety by the lifting rope length of adjustment aquiculture mesh cage or hanger shellfish rope and put water layer in a suitable place to breed, evading thermocline affects to meet its life habit demand.
Described platform raft of cultivation both sides adopt respectively two short wooden stake cables to fix, and strengthen the stability of platform raft.
The described water layer of putting in a suitable place to breed is generally profundal zone, is 10-30 meters.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: utilize section temperature chain buoy to fix a point for a long time, continuous multilayer time monitoring culture zone ocean temperature variation in real time, beam back in real time bank station monitoring computer terminal, temperature is surveyed accurately, effectively monitoring seasonal thermocline, adjust in time shellfish and put water layer in a suitable place to breed, evade the impact of variations in temperature on shellfish culture, fully effectively utilize marine site resource, for shellfish provides relatively stable suitable living environment, improve Patinopecten yessoensis survival rate and growth rate, put water layer in a suitable place to breed for 10-30 meters simultaneously, avoid stained thing to adhere to, reduce the number of times of falling cage, reduce labour intensity.The present invention is significant to shellfish industrial upgrading.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be in embodiment 1 on July 21st, 2013 19:00 monitoring record culturing raft district water temperature section distribution map;
Fig. 2 is that in embodiment 16 meters of layer water temperatures change statistical charts July in 2013;
Fig. 3 is that in embodiment 1 6-9 rice water layer is thermocline intensity statistics figure in July, 2013;
Fig. 4 is that in embodiment 1 18 meters of layer water temperatures change statistical charts July in 2013;
Fig. 5 be in embodiment 1 in July, 2013 15-18 rice water layer vertical gradient water temperature change intensity statistical chart.
Embodiment
With specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail below.
Embodiment 1
In the middle of the Patinopecten yessoensis of From Zhangzi Islands China marine site, Changhai County, Dalian, be bred as to forming as example.
Become water layer platform raft shellfish culture method, specific as follows:
(1) late June, 6 meters of mariculture area layer water temperature is in 18 DEG C, and Patinopecten yessoensis carries out two fraction seedlings, packs cylinder mould into and hang on platform raft of cultivation and be bred as after point seedling, and Patinopecten yessoensis is put 6 meters of water layers in a suitable place to breed, and platform raft of cultivation both sides are fixed with two short wooden stake cables respectively, the stability of enhancing platform raft; Lay section temperature chain buoy in Patinopecten yessoensis platform raft mariculture area, monitor in real time culture zone ocean temperature;
(2) section temperature chain buoy is monitored 9 water layer ocean temperatures of same time, 9 water layers are respectively 3 meters, 6 meters, 9 meters, 12 meters, 15 meters, 18 meters, 21 meters, 23 meters, 27 meters, by temperature detection monitoring program, adopt satellite time transfer, every the water temperature of 9 water layers of 10 minutes Simultaneous Monitoring records, pass bank station server simultaneously back, generate visual chart, download and show associated temperature chart by network terminal computer;
(3) enter July, 6 meters of layer water temperatures raise gradually, and table 1 and Fig. 1 are that section temperature chain buoy is in the culturing raft district water temperature section distribution graph of 19:00 monitoring record on July 21st, 2013;
table 1 culturing raft district water temperature section distribution table
Can be found out by table 1 and Fig. 1,9 meters of following water temperatures are relatively stable, the suitable Patinopecten yessoensis of putting in a suitable place to breed, and water temperature condition meets Patinopecten yessoensis growth.
July, 6 meters of water layer water temperatures changed as shown in Figure 2, late July, water temperature was greater than 23 DEG C, and as shown in Figure 3, the temperature jump of 6-9 rice water layer ocean temperature vertical gradient is thermocline, and thermocline intensity is 1.0～2.0 DEG C/meter, temperature and thermocline intensity exceed the tolerance upper limit (being limited to 1.0-1.5 DEG C/meter in Patinopecten yessoensis typical temperature variation tolerance) of putting Patinopecten yessoensis in a suitable place to breed, prepare to put Patinopecten yessoensis in a suitable place to breed water layer and are adjusted to below 9 meters.
As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5,18 meters of water layer water temperatures are at 9～19 DEG C, and vertical gradient water temperature change intensity is less than 1.5 DEG C/meter, meet Patinopecten yessoensis life habit demand, therefore adjust aquiculture mesh cage lifting rope length after Patinopecten yessoensis three fraction seedlings, make Patinopecten yessoensis seedling put water layer in a suitable place to breed and drop to 18 meters and carry out three grades of incubations.
Seed is formed in process, cultivates water layer adjustment according to temperature monitoring situation.
General 10 meters of following water layers seldom have adhering to of the biology such as mussel, oyster, reduce the cylinder mould number of times of falling cage.The environment of Patinopecten yessoensis seed growth is more stable, fast growth, and survival rate improves.Experimental data is as follows:
August, carry out three grades of seeds of Patinopecten yessoensis and form, wherein keeping hanging every layer of average marine rainbow young of 5 meters of water layer breeding cages, to adhere to quantity be 60-70 piece, adheres to 5-6 piece and 10 meters of water layers keep hanging every layer of average marine rainbow of cylinder mould, quantity variance is larger;
In September, three grades of seeds of Patinopecten yessoensis are formed, and wherein 5 meters of average specifications of water layer cultivation seed are 2.34cm, and 10 meters of water layers are 3.16cm; 5 meters of water layer lethality are that 3.5%, 10 meter of water layer lethality is 1.6%;
10 meters of following water layer Patinopecten yessoensis are formed, and can not fall cage October, and that 3-5 rice water layer is formed Patinopecten yessoensis is many because the algae of mixing adheres to quantity, must fall cage October.
In sum, become water layer platform raft shellfish culture method, by effective monitoring seasonal thermocline, adjust in time shellfish and put water layer in a suitable place to breed, evade the impact of variations in temperature on shellfish culture, and fully effectively utilized marine site resource, for shellfish provides relatively stable suitable living environment, improve Patinopecten yessoensis survival rate and growth rate, put water layer in a suitable place to breed for 10-30 meters simultaneously, avoid stained thing to adhere to, reduce the number of times of falling cage, reduce labour intensity, significant to shellfish industrial upgrading.
Claims (3)
1. become water layer platform raft shellfish culture method, it is characterized in that, method is as follows:
(1) in northern Huanghai Sea seasonal thermocline mariculture area, lay section temperature chain buoy, the ocean temperature of monitoring in real time the each water layer in culture zone changes;
(2) section temperature chain buoy is monitored the temperature data of same asynchronism(-nization) water layer, by temperature detection monitoring program, adopt satellite time transfer, fixed interval carries out one-time detection, by wireless-transmission network, testing result is sent to bank station server, generate visual chart, download and show associated temperature chart by network terminal computer;
(3) in shellfish culture process, determine thermocline place water layer and intensity thereof according to the monitoring temperature record of section temperature chain buoy, when being about to exceed in the tolerance of putting kind in a suitable place to breed, thermocline intensity prescribes a time limit, according to section temperature chain monitoring record and thermocline position, adjust breed variety by the lifting rope length of adjustment aquiculture mesh cage or hanger shellfish rope and put water layer in a suitable place to breed, evading thermocline affects to meet its life habit demand.
2. change water layer platform raft shellfish culture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, shellfish culture platform raft both sides respectively two short wooden stake cables are fixed.
3. change water layer platform raft shellfish culture method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described water layer of putting in a suitable place to breed is generally profundal zone, is 10-30 meters.
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| CN201410243449.0A CN104026050B (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2014-06-04 | Arranging platform raft in different water shellfish culture method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107047402A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-08-18 | 苑春亭 | A kind of shallow sea raft culture method of suitable shellfish efficient and healthful growth |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2400792Y (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2000-10-11 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Telethermometer chain |
| CN102578015A (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2012-07-18 | 大连獐子岛渔业集团股份有限公司 | Shellfish cultivation method using deep-water stand raft |
| CN102613115A (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2012-08-01 | 大连獐子岛渔业集团股份有限公司 | Shellfish breeding method by arranging platform raft in different water layers |
| CN102986567A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-27 | 上海海洋大学 | Actual measurement method of ecological regulation and control range of artificial fish reef area |
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2014
- 2014-06-04 CN CN201410243449.0A patent/CN104026050B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2400792Y (en) * | 1999-12-29 | 2000-10-11 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Telethermometer chain |
| CN102578015A (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2012-07-18 | 大连獐子岛渔业集团股份有限公司 | Shellfish cultivation method using deep-water stand raft |
| CN102613115A (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2012-08-01 | 大连獐子岛渔业集团股份有限公司 | Shellfish breeding method by arranging platform raft in different water layers |
| CN102986567A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-27 | 上海海洋大学 | Actual measurement method of ecological regulation and control range of artificial fish reef area |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107047402A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-08-18 | 苑春亭 | A kind of shallow sea raft culture method of suitable shellfish efficient and healthful growth |
| CN107047402B (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2020-05-29 | 苑春亭 | Shallow sea raft culture method suitable for healthy and efficient growth of shellfish |
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