CN104016758A - Method for preparing special-purpose eucalyptus organic compound fertilizer by utilizing fermenting waste - Google Patents
Method for preparing special-purpose eucalyptus organic compound fertilizer by utilizing fermenting waste Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a special-purpose eucalyptus organic compound fertilizer by utilizing fermenting waste. The method comprises the following steps of: (1), concentrating, namely concentrating molasses fermenting waste liquor, wherein one part of the wastewater is used for alkaline hydrolysis and dehydration, and the other part of the wastewater is used for acid hydrolysis and dehydration; (2), carrying out alkaline hydrolysis and dehydration, namely adding an alkaline hydrolysis agent in the concentrated liquor, and stirring at a low speed to obtain alkaline hydrolysis seasoning; (3), carrying out acid hydrolysis and dehydration, namely adding an acid hydrolysis agent in the concentrated liquor, and stirring at a low speed to obtain acid hydrolysis seasoning; and (4), preparing neutralization seasoning, namely mixing the acid hydrolysis seasoning and alkaline hydrolysis seasoning to generate acid-alkali neutralization, drying, carrying out multi-stage biological fermenting retting, and regulating pH to obtain the active compound organic fertilizer. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a method of combining an acidification process and an alkalization process is adopted, a modern fermentation biological technology is combined, and fermenting waste after non-noxious treatment is used for preparing the special-purpose eucalyptus fertilizer, and therefore, technical problems such as multi-element deficiency of eucalyptus, soil hardening and poor disease resistance in the prior art are solved, and character and quality of the eucalyptus are improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to trade waste and recycle field, relate to a kind of method of utilizing fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer.
Background technology
Eucalyptus is the general name that Myrtaceae eucalyptus belongs to seeds, and Latin is called Eucalyptus, originates in Australia, Indonesia and Philippines.China's Transplanting Eucalyptus has the history of more than 110 year, has now become the strategic seeds of south China fast-growing, high-yield woods.Relevant department's statistics in 2002, whole world eucalyptus plantation area is 1,800 ten thousand hm
2, account for 25% left and right of Tropical Artificial Forests area, provide every year timber 18,000 ten thousand m
3, the eucalyptus plantation of China accounts for global 12%, is 1,500,000 hm
2, be mainly distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, the provinces such as Yunnan, Hainan, Fujian, Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangxi.Claim according to relevant expert, to the end of the year 2005, the existing eucalyptus plantation area in Guangxi has surpassed 500,000 hm
2, tempo position ranks first in the country, and existing current Guangxi has basically formed the general layout of diversification investments, also becomes mainstay industry and the forestry economic growth point in Guangxi simultaneously.
In the situation that soil climate condition is suitable, planting fast Feng An of paramount importance is exactly nursery stock and two key technical problems of fertilizer.Aspect nursery stock, due to group training and quite maturation of cuttage technique, to cultivate nursery stock and also compare unified standard, seedling quality is also easily guaranteed; And aspect fertilizer, due to many-sided differences such as various places soil, the each growth phase regulation of fertilizer requirement of eucalyptus, fertilizer variety, raw material sources, fertiliser production producers, cause eucalyptus to apply fertilizer at fertilizer nutrient, in the fertilizer practice problem of fertilizer formula, rate of fertilizer application, fertilization time, fertilization mode etc., also do not formed unified standard.Such as the red soil region in Guangxi accounts for very large proportion, Nitrogen In Soils, phosphorus, potassium nutrition relatively lack, content of calcium and magnesium is also not enough, and trace element especially copper, zinc, boron contents level are low, the land occupation condition of various places also varies, thereby caused more chaotic by tree fertilizing management at present: have bulk application, also have bulk application not: useful phosphate fertilizer, fertilizer when bulk application, Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, also useful urea, potash fertilizer when spraying fertilizer, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer; Fertilizer nutrient content also has difference, and useful 15%, 20%, 25% etc. fertilizer also usefully contains 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% and the inorganic fertilizer of above nutrient, and some has added trace element, and some does not but add.Due to incomplete, the individual equilibrium of nutrient content, can not meet the required nutrient of Eucalyptus with apply fertilizer, general yield-increasing efficiency is low comprehensively, and relevant data shows, Guangxi current eucalyptus annual growth accumulation only has 18m
3/ hm
2left and right.
Molasses are syrup remaining in sugar refining technology process, and molasses fermented processing reality is also the further biochemical degradation of organism, conversion process.Domestic during taking molasses as raw material production alcohol, about every production 1t alcohol consumption 4t molasses, approximately discharge the waste liquid of 14t, and the pH value of waste liquid is generally 3.0-3.5, mainly contains carbohydrate (polyose) and alcohols.The pH value of molasses yeast wastewater is generally 4.0-5.0, mainly containing biodegradable larger molecular organicses such as remaining sugar, nutritive salt, part yeast cell and pectin substances.In molasses msg mother liquor, except containing a small amount of L-glutamic acid, also there is thalline, residual sugar, high ammonium state nitrogen, pigment, colloidalmaterial and other fermentation byproduct.Current molasses fermented liquid organic waste water adopts agricultural resource technology route, solves waste water pollution problem, and promotes the Sustainable development of waste ecological circulation and industrial or agricultural.Papermaking and molasses fermented industrial effluent contain a large amount of organic matters and various nutrient elements, evaluate from Plant Nutrition angle, and these two kinds of waste liquids all belong to Organic Fertilizer Resources, but can not directly use in a large number as organic fertilizer.If amount of application is too much, may cause plant-growth be suppressed, injure, even dead.Its major cause is that molasses fermented waste liquid is high concentrated organic wastewater, and water-soluble C content is high, and biological activity is strong, contain more low molecule organic matter, as residual sugar, organic acid etc., the particularly sugar crop of easily fermenting in soil, generate heat, burn, and make the further acidifying of soil.Therefore molasses fermented industrial effluent agricultural before, generally all need to carry out desugar and further humify, stabilization, the i.e. harmless treatment of molasses fermented waste liquid.
Due to not fully degraded of most of organism in high concentrated organic waste liquid, be spray dried to after dry powder easily the moisture absorption, rotten and viscosity is large, limited recycling.For the stabilization treatment of sugary organic liquid, except conventional anaerobe digestion degraded, over the past two years, sugar and yeast separation recovery technology, carrier adsorption solid aerobic compost new technology, basic material (lime) dehydration stabilization technology etc. have also been developed and have been particularly suitable for quick humify and the batch production utilization of organic liquid waste.
Utilize sulfuric acid stabilization waste liquid, its principle is that sulfuric acid and gas chromatography react, and comprises that degraded and Transglycosylation occur starch, generate oligose; The hydrolysis of Hemicellulose Polysaccharide class; Proteolysis becomes polypeptide, amino acid; The dehydration of two pools and monose generates aldehyde material, and under concentrated acid and heating condition, polysaccharide stabilizes processing is the dynamic process that organism is progressively degraded, transformed, and degree of humification and acid concentration, temperature, pressure, time are relevant., mainly there is organic alkaline hydrolysis, dehydration and part condensation reaction in basic material stabilization treatment organic liquid waste, though cost is low, denitrogenation phenomenon easily occurs, and causes nutrient loss and stink large, and the acid treatment of liquid phase charing strength ratio want a little less than.
Although at present acidity or alkalescence all can play humification, all there is meta-acid or meta-alkali after humify in the two, all will separately add alkali or another acid adding neutralizes, and just can make the product that conforms with composite fertilizer's quality standard.So the present invention proposes to adopt the method for the two combination, molasses fermented waste liquid concentrated solution is carried out respectively to acid, alkali humify, then the two relaxes neutralization and makes fermented waste fluid after humify can be used for preparing multiple organic/inorganic to mix composite fertilizer, this organic/inorganic mixes composite fertilizer and utilizes modern microbial technique, inoculation biological bacteria, through macerating heap fermentation culture, just can produce efficient compound microbial culture starter; Add the lime-ash, the filter mud etc. that in alcohol slops production, produce as matrix, develop and be applicable to the fixing high-performance bio bacterial manure that eucalyptus grows vigorously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for molasses fermented waste liquid in prior art innoxious not exclusively for fertiliser production, humify acidifying or alkalization process are single, cause humify poor effect, humify is incomplete, contain in molasses fermented waste liquid Fertilizer application process soil is caused to secondary pollution, fertilizer for growth of crop etc. without effect, eucalyptus salt fertilizer pollutes soil, a kind of method of utilizing fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer is provided, the method proposes to adopt the method for acidifying or the two treating processes combination of alkalizing, molasses fermented waste liquid concentrated solution is carried out respectively to acid, alkali humify, then the two relaxes neutralization and makes fermented waste fluid after humify can be used for preparing multiple organic/inorganic to mix composite fertilizer, this organic/inorganic mixes composite fertilizer and utilizes modern microbial technique, inoculation biological bacteria, through multistage fermentation culture, rule according to eucalyptus to trace element picked-up, just can produce efficient compound microbial culture starter, add the lime-ash, the filter mud etc. that in alcohol slops production, produce as matrix, develop and be applicable to the fixing high-performance bio bacterial manure that eucalyptus grows vigorously.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
Utilize fermentation wastes to prepare a method for eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer, the method comprises the following steps:
1) concentrated: utilize heating evaporation that molasses fermented waste liquid is concentrated into organic content for 40-75%, obtain concentrated solution and carry out coolingly, cooling rear concentrated solution is divided into two portions and uses, and a part is for alkaline hydrolysis dehydration, and a part is for acidolysis dehydration;
2) alkaline hydrolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add the alkaline hydrolysis medicament of 10%-35%, under stirring at low speed condition, alkaline hydrolysis dehydration 20-40min, obtains alkaline hydrolysis condiment;
3) acidolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add the acidolysis medicament of 10%-35%, under stirring at low speed condition, acidolysis dehydration 20-40min, obtains acidolysis condiment;
4) preparation in and condiment: by step 3) acidolysis condiment join step 2) alkaline hydrolysis condiment in mix, make the two occur acid-base neutralisation, in obtaining after mixing and condiment pH between 5～7;
5) dry: by step 4) obtain in and condiment dry under 35-50 DEG C, ventilation condition, obtain water content and be≤10% dry condiment;
6) one-level biological fermentation: get 15～30 parts of sugarcane lime-ash, 50～70 parts of filter muds, 10～30 parts of steps 5) the dry condiment preparing, 2～5 parts of basic mediums, mix and blend is placed in one-level biological fermentation pond aerated fermentation 10～15 days, between yeast phase, stir 1～2 time, obtain one grade fermemtation fertilizer;
7) two stage biological fermentation: get step 6) the one grade fermemtation fertilizer that obtains, add 2～5 parts of trace elements, 5～15 parts of probiotic bacterium seed liquor, aerated fermentation 7～10 days after stirring, add again 5-15% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 10-15% potash fertilizer, 5-15% humic acid, 5-15% paulownia bran solution to stir, obtain active organic fertilizer;
8) pH adjust: in step 3) active organic fertilizer in add alkaline hydrolysis agent or acidolysis agent, after stirring, sampling is dissolved and is measured pH and stop adding alkaline hydrolysis agent or acidolysis agent between 5.5～7 time, dry under 40～60 DEG C of ventilation conditions, obtain water content and be≤10% eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described alkaline hydrolysis medicament is any or their composition in lime, liquefied ammonia, volatile salt, and lime is pulvis, and CaCO in lime
3content>=92%; Described acidolysis medicament is any or their composition in 60-85% sulfuric acid, 60～95% hydrochloric acid, 70～95% phosphoric acid.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described heating evaporation is 50-85 DEG C of heating.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described stirring at low speed is 100～200r/min.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described basic medium composition comprises 0.5-1% peptone, 0.5-2% sodium-chlor, 0.5-2% sodium phosphate.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described probiotic bacterium comprises any or their arbitrary combination in root nodule bacterium, vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterium; Described probiotic bacterium seed liquor is the probiotic bacterium fermented liquid obtaining after 16～24h that ferments in basic medium.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described trace element comprises any or their composition in iron, boron, arsenic, manganese, zinc, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, selenium, magnesium.
As a further improvement on the present invention, described humic acid is any or their composition in ulmic acid, Ulmic acids, xanthohumic acid.
As a further improvement on the present invention, paulownia bran 30-50 part that described paulownia bran solution its preparation method is water content≤5%, is placed in plastic tank or pond, adds 50-70 part water, and 40-60 days is soaked in sealing, obtains paulownia bran solution.
Know-why of the present invention is: can not directly be absorbed by farm crop owing to making it contain large amount of organic (composition such as sugar, crude protein, colloid) in molasses fermented waste liquid, need to make by chemistry or biological respinse the reactions such as the degraded of organism generation soda acid, charing, condensation, dehydration, owing to adopting acid or alkali can play humification, but all there is meta-acid or meta-alkali after humify in the two, after alkaline hydrolysis or acidolysis, need to neutralize with acid or alkali again, just can make the quality standard product that conforms with composite fertilizer.The present invention adopts acidifying or alkalizes the method for the two treating processes combination, and chemical treating process produces the bad smells such as SO2, foul smell, environment is caused to secondary pollution, there are many weak points, molasses fermented waste liquid concentrated solution is carried out respectively acid, alkali humify by the present invention, and then the two relaxes neutralization and makes fermented waste fluid after humify can be used for preparing multiple organic/inorganic to mix composite fertilizer.Combine with modern biological high-technology, inoculation biological bacteria, through multistage fermentation culture, just can produce efficient compound microbial culture starter, there is no secondary pollution in treating processes again, and fertilizer after treatment approaches natural organic fertilizer, and fertility is by force and to soil close friend; Add the lime-ash, the filter mud etc. that in sugaring, produce as matrix, just can go out to fix high-performance bio bacterial manure by production development.The neutralizing agent that the technology of the present invention has separately added while having saved independent use acid or alkali humify, play the double effects of dual-use material, utilize organic matter abundant in molasses fermented liquid, amino acid, humic acid and middle trace element are improved soil and supplementary nutrient, meet required trace element and the organic supply of Eucalyptus, meet soil characteristic and the regulation of fertilizer requirement of eucalyptus, solve the multielement deficiency disease of eucalyptus in prior art, the technical problem that soil compaction and disease resistance are poor, quality and the quality of eucalyptus are improved, for the Sustainable development of eucalyptus industry provides solid basis.
For making the present invention openly abundant, the fixing efficient eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer that the method that the present invention utilizes fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer obtains, uses with fertilizer of the present invention in Eucalyptus Planting (the especially fertilising first after eucalyptus Nursery stock transplanting).Application process when fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus of the present invention is made base manure: first about 7～10 days of transplanted seedling tree, in the planting pit having dug (preferably digging above for 1～2 month in advance), backfill soil is to 1/3 of cave～1/2 o'clock, special fertilizer is applied in cave equably by 0.25～0.50kg/ cave, and mix (while avoiding planting, seedling root directly contacts fertilizer group and burning seedling) thoroughly with soil in cave, return soil and tamp.
Application process when fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus of the present invention topdresses: First Year is after seedling planting about 1～2 month, in the upward slope position of tree, be about 30cm～50cm apart from butt 25cm～40cm place excavation, wide is respectively the arc ditch of 15cm～25cm deeply, backfill consolidation in time after 0.40～0.75kg/ strain evenly applies in ditch per year by special fertilizer; Topdressing of second, third year carried out in annual 3～May, in principle in the upward slope position of tree along tree crown drip place excavation be about 50cm～l00cm, wide dark be respectively the arc ditch of 20cm～30cm, will topdress evenly apply in ditch after timely backfill consolidation.
Through Guangxi, the unit such as forest farm, state-run peak, Bobai forest farm, forest culture and management center, Guangxi District, Binyang County, Guangxi Zhen Yang forestry limited liability company is on probation as stated above, more than First Year mean stand height reaches 6.5m, estimates that average annual accumulation rents at 30～45m
3/ hm
2above, compared with similar products, volume increase is more than 32.5%.
Advantage of the present invention:
1. the present invention adopts acidifying or the method for the two treating processes combination of alkalizing, molasses fermented waste liquid concentrated solution is carried out respectively to acid, alkali humify, then the two relaxes and neutralizes the harmless treatment that realizes molasses fermented liquid making after humify, the neutralizing agent that this technological method has separately added while having saved independent use acid or alkali humify, plays the double effects of dual-use material.
2. the present invention is by treated dense useless mash, combine with modern biological high-technology, inoculation biological bacteria, through multistage fermentation culture, just can produce efficient compound microbial culture starter, in treating processes, there is no secondary pollution, fertilizer after treatment approaches natural organic fertilizer, and fertility is strong and to soil close friend; Add the lime-ash, the filter mud etc. that in sugaring, produce as matrix, just can go out to fix high-performance bio bacterial manure by production development.
3. the sugar in the technology of the present invention molasses concentrated solution after treatment, crude protein, colloid etc. can not be reduced to below 5% for the organic content that plant directly absorbs, after acidolysis and alkaline hydrolysis, the charing of organic process, degraded, condensation change into small molecules fertilizer, can be farm crop and directly absorb.
4. the eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer obtaining after the molasses fermented waste liquid harmless treatment of the present invention, fermentation retting, can utilize existing spray granulation to granulate, be applied to the cultivation of the eucalyptus hilltop, can meet more all sidedly the each growth period of eucalyptus and grow the demand to nutrient, the average annual mill run of eucalyptus can reach 30m
3/ hm
2above, with respect to; Increased eucalyptus resistance simultaneously; effectively control or avoid eucalyptus disease; reduce substantially the destructive loss that can not save bringing because of nutritional deficiency disease: the ability also with improvement soil, raising soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping; soil protection ecotope; reduce the eutrophication pollution to water body in forest zone, belong to environmental friendly fertilizer.Facts have proved, economic benefit, social benefit and Ecological Effect Yidu of its generation are very remarkable, are subject to society and extensively comment.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The molasses fermented waste liquid of the present embodiment is from Guangxi large-scale Cassava alcohol fermentation manufacturing enterprise.The basic medium formula of using in embodiment is: 0.5% peptone, 1.5% sodium-chlor, 1.0% sodium phosphate; Described probiotic bacterium seed liquor is the probiotic bacterium fermented liquid obtaining after 18h that ferments in basic medium; Probiotic bacterium comprises that root nodule bacterium, the two concentration of vinelandii approximate 1:1 combination.Trace element comprises that four kinds of quality in boron, arsenic, zinc, molybdenum, selenium is than the composition that approximates 1:1:1:1, before trace element adds, is dissolved in the 1L aqueous solution, and the content of each trace element is probably between 0.5～1g/L.Humic acid is the composition that ulmic acid, Ulmic acids weight ratio are 1:1.40 parts of the paulownia brans that paulownia bran solution its preparation method is water content≤5%, are placed in plastic tank, add 60 parts of water, and sealing is soaked 50 days, obtains paulownia bran solution.Active fertilizer treating and preparing process step is as follows:
1) concentrated: at 65 DEG C, molasses fermented waste liquid is concentrated into organic content is 55% to heating evaporation, obtain concentrated solution and carry out coolingly, cooling rear concentrated solution is divided into two portions and uses, and a part is for alkaline hydrolysis dehydration, and a part is for acidolysis dehydration.
2) alkaline hydrolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 30% alkaline hydrolysis medicament (lime, content >=92% of CaCO3 in lime), under 150r/min stirring at low speed condition, alkaline hydrolysis dehydration 30min, obtains alkaline hydrolysis condiment.
3) acidolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 15% acidolysis medicament (75% sulfuric acid), under 150r/min stirring at low speed condition, acidolysis dehydration 30min, obtains acidolysis condiment.
4) preparation in and condiment: by step 3) acidolysis condiment join step 2) alkaline hydrolysis condiment in mix, make the two occur acid-base neutralisation, in obtaining after mixing and condiment pH between 6.PH, between 6, runs into alkali and can decompose to prevent from adding urea, lowers the nutritive value of fertilizer.
5) dry: by step 4) obtain in and condiment dry under 40 DEG C, ventilation condition, obtaining water content is 7-8%, obtains dry condiment.
6) one-level biological fermentation: get 25 parts of sugarcane lime-ash, 60 parts of filter muds, 10 parts of steps 5) the dry condiment preparing, 5 parts of basic mediums, mix and blend is placed in one-level biological fermentation pond aerated fermentation 15 days, between yeast phase, stir 2 times, obtain one grade fermemtation fertilizer.
7) two stage biological fermentation: get step 6) the one grade fermemtation fertilizer that obtains, add 3 parts of trace elements, 15 parts of probiotic bacterium seed liquor, aerated fermentation 7 days after stirring, add again 10% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 10% potash fertilizer stirring, 8% humic acid, 10% paulownia bran solution to stir, obtain active organic fertilizer.
8) pH adjust and inorganic fertilizer condiment: in step 7) active organic fertilizer in add alkaline hydrolysis agent or acidolysis agent, after stirring, sampling is dissolved and is measured pH and stop adding sulfuric acid between 5.5 time, dry under 40 DEG C of ventilation conditions, obtaining water content is the eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer of 8-9%.
Embodiment 2:
The molasses fermented waste liquid of the present embodiment is from Guangxi large-scale Cassava alcohol fermentation manufacturing enterprise.The basic medium formula of using in embodiment is: 1% peptone, 0.5% sodium-chlor, 2% sodium phosphate; Probiotic bacterium comprises that root nodule bacterium, vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria, four kinds of bacterial concentrations of potassium bacterium approximate 1:1:1:1 combination; Described probiotic bacterium seed liquor is the probiotic bacterium fermented liquid obtaining after 16h that ferments in basic medium; Trace element comprises that six kinds of mass ratioes in iron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum, selenium, magnesium approximate 1:1:1:1:1 composition, before trace element adds, is dissolved in the 1L aqueous solution, and the content of each trace element is probably between 2～3g/L.Humic acid is Ulmic acids.50 parts of the paulownia brans that paulownia bran solution its preparation method is water content≤5%, are placed in plastic tank or pond, add 70 parts of water, and sealing is soaked 60 days, obtains paulownia bran solution.Processing preparation process is as follows:
1) concentrated: at 85 DEG C, molasses fermented waste liquid is concentrated into organic content is 75% to heating evaporation, obtain concentrated solution and carry out coolingly, cooling rear concentrated solution is divided into two portions and uses, and a part is for alkaline hydrolysis dehydration, and a part is for acidolysis dehydration.
2) alkaline hydrolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 35% alkaline hydrolysis medicament (liquefied ammonia), under 200r/min stirring at low speed condition, alkaline hydrolysis dehydration 25min, obtains alkaline hydrolysis condiment.
3) acidolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 20% acidolysis medicament (70% hydrochloric acid), under 200r/min stirring at low speed condition, acidolysis dehydration 35min, obtains acidolysis condiment.
4) preparation in and condiment: by step 3) acidolysis condiment join step 2) alkaline hydrolysis condiment in mix, make the two occur acid-base neutralisation, in obtaining after mixing and condiment pH between 7.PH, between 7, runs into alkali and can decompose to prevent from adding urea, lowers the nutritive value of fertilizer.
5) dry: by step 4) obtain in and condiment dry under 35 DEG C, ventilation condition, obtaining water content is 5-6%, obtains dry condiment.
6) one-level biological fermentation: get 20 parts of sugarcane lime-ash, 50 parts of filter muds, 25 parts of steps 5) the dry condiment preparing, 5 parts of basic mediums, mix and blend is placed in one-level biological fermentation pond aerated fermentation 10 days, between yeast phase, stir 1～2 time, obtain one grade fermemtation fertilizer.
7) two stage biological fermentation: get step 5) the one grade fermemtation fertilizer that obtains, add 5 parts of trace elements, 10 parts of probiotic bacterium seed liquor, aerated fermentation 9 days after stirring, add again 13% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 15% potash fertilizer, 5% humic acid, 15% paulownia bran solution to stir, obtain active organic fertilizer.
8) pH adjust and inorganic fertilizer condiment: in step 7) active organic fertilizer in add alkaline hydrolysis agent or acidolysis agent, after stirring, sampling is dissolved and is measured pH and stop adding hydrochloric acid between 6 time, dry under 50 DEG C of ventilation conditions, obtaining water content is the eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer of 7-8%.
Embodiment 3:
The molasses fermented waste liquid of the present embodiment is from Guangxi large-scale Cassava alcohol fermentation manufacturing enterprise.The basic medium formula of using in embodiment is: 1% peptone, 2% sodium-chlor, 0.5% sodium phosphate; Probiotic bacterium comprises vinelandii; Described probiotic bacterium seed liquor is the probiotic bacterium fermented liquid obtaining after 24h that ferments in basic medium; Trace element comprises that ten kinds, iron, boron, arsenic, manganese, zinc, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, selenium, magnesium etc. are according to 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 composition, before trace element adds, is dissolved in the 1L aqueous solution, and the content of each trace element is probably between 0.5～1g/L.Humic acid is the composition that Ulmic acids, xanthohumic acid weight ratio are 1:1.30 parts of the paulownia brans that paulownia bran solution its preparation method is water content≤5%, are placed in pond, add 50 parts of water, and sealing is soaked 40 days, obtains paulownia bran solution.Treatment step is as follows:
1) concentrated: at 50 DEG C, molasses fermented waste liquid is concentrated into organic content is 60% to heating evaporation, obtain concentrated solution and carry out coolingly, cooling rear concentrated solution is divided into two portions and uses, and a part is for alkaline hydrolysis dehydration, and a part is for acidolysis dehydration.
2) alkaline hydrolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 25% alkaline hydrolysis medicament (volatile salt pulvis), under 150r/min stirring at low speed condition, alkaline hydrolysis dehydration 40min, obtains alkaline hydrolysis condiment.
3) acidolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 30% acidolysis medicament (90% phosphoric acid), under 150r/min stirring at low speed condition, acidolysis dehydration 25min, obtains acidolysis condiment.
4) preparation in and condiment: by step 3) acidolysis condiment join step 2) alkaline hydrolysis condiment in mix, make the two occur acid-base neutralisation, in obtaining after mixing and condiment pH between 5.PH, between 5, runs into alkali and can decompose to prevent from adding urea, lowers the nutritive value of fertilizer.
5) dry: by step 4) obtain in and condiment dry under 45 DEG C, ventilation condition, obtaining water content is 8-9%, obtains dry condiment.
6) one-level biological fermentation: get 30 parts of sugarcane lime-ash, 58 parts of filter muds, 10 parts of steps 5) the dry condiment preparing, 2 parts of basic mediums, mix and blend is placed in one-level biological fermentation pond aerated fermentation 12 days, between yeast phase, stir 1～2 time, obtain one grade fermemtation fertilizer.
7) two stage biological fermentation: get step 6) the one grade fermemtation fertilizer that obtains, add 2 parts of trace elements, 15 parts of probiotic bacterium seed liquor, aerated fermentation 10 days after stirring, add again 8% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 15% potash fertilizer, 15% humic acid, 10% paulownia bran solution to stir, obtain active organic fertilizer.
8) pH adjust and inorganic fertilizer condiment: in step 7) active organic fertilizer in add alkaline hydrolysis agent or acidolysis agent, after stirring, sampling is dissolved and is measured pH and stop adding phosphoric acid between 5.5 time, after dry under 60 DEG C of ventilation conditions, obtaining water content is the eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer of 8-10%.
Embodiment 4:
The molasses fermented waste liquid of the present embodiment is from Guangxi large-scale Cassava alcohol fermentation manufacturing enterprise.The basic medium formula of using in embodiment is: 0.5% peptone, 1% sodium-chlor, 1% sodium phosphate; Probiotic bacterium comprises root nodule bacterium; Described probiotic bacterium seed liquor is the probiotic bacterium fermented liquid obtaining after 20h that ferments in basic medium; Trace element comprises that ten kinds, arsenic, manganese, zinc, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, selenium, magnesium etc. are according to 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 composition, before trace element adds, is dissolved in the 1L aqueous solution, and the content of each trace element is probably between 1.5～2g/L.Humic acid is the composition that ulmic acid, xanthohumic acid weight ratio are 1:1.50 parts of the paulownia brans that paulownia bran solution its preparation method is water content≤5%, are placed in plastic tank or pond, add 70 parts of water, and sealing is soaked 50 days, obtains paulownia bran solution.Prepare treatment step as follows:
1) concentrated: at 75 DEG C, molasses fermented waste liquid is concentrated into organic content is 50% to heating evaporation, obtain concentrated solution and carry out coolingly, cooling rear concentrated solution is divided into two portions and uses, and a part is for alkaline hydrolysis dehydration, and a part is for acidolysis dehydration.
2) alkaline hydrolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 10% alkaline hydrolysis medicament (liquefied ammonia and volatile salt are according to the mixture of mass ratio 1:1), under 200r/min stirring at low speed condition, the alkaline hydrolysis 35min that dewaters, obtains alkaline hydrolysis condiment.
3) acidolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 25% acidolysis medicament (60% sulfuric acid mixes according to the ratio of volume ratio 1:1 with 75% hydrochloric acid), under 200r/min stirring at low speed condition, acidolysis dehydration 40min, obtains acidolysis condiment.
4) preparation in and condiment: by step 3) acidolysis condiment join step 2) alkaline hydrolysis condiment in mix, make the two occur acid-base neutralisation, in obtaining after mixing and condiment pH between 7.PH, between 7, runs into alkali and can decompose to prevent from adding urea, lowers the nutritive value of fertilizer.
5) dry: by step 4) obtain in and condiment dry under 50 DEG C, ventilation condition, obtaining water content is 10%, obtains dry condiment.
6) one-level biological fermentation: get 20 parts of sugarcane lime-ash, 65 parts of filter muds, 13 parts of steps 5) the dry condiment preparing, 2 parts of basic mediums, mix and blend is placed in one-level biological fermentation pond aerated fermentation 15 days, between yeast phase, stir 2 times, obtain one grade fermemtation fertilizer.
7) two stage biological fermentation: get step 6) the one grade fermemtation fertilizer that obtains, add 4 parts of trace elements, 10 parts of probiotic bacterium seed liquor, aerated fermentation 8 days after stirring, add again 5% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 12% potash fertilizer, 10% humic acid, 5% paulownia bran solution to stir, obtain active organic fertilizer.
8) pH adjust and inorganic fertilizer condiment: in step 7) active organic fertilizer in add alkaline hydrolysis agent or acidolysis agent, after stirring, sampling is dissolved and is measured pH and stop adding phosphoric acid between 7 time, dry under 45 DEG C of ventilation conditions, obtaining water content is the eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer of 9-10%.
Embodiment 5:
The molasses fermented waste liquid of the present embodiment is from Guangxi large-scale Cassava alcohol fermentation manufacturing enterprise.The basic medium formula of using in embodiment is: 1% peptone, 2% sodium-chlor, 0.5% sodium phosphate; Probiotic bacterium comprises that phosphorus bacteria, two kinds of concentration ratio of potassium bacterium approximate 1:1 combination; Described probiotic bacterium seed liquor is the probiotic bacterium fermented liquid obtaining after 18h that ferments in basic medium; Trace element comprises that six kinds, iron, zinc, copper, molybdenum, selenium, magnesium etc. are according to 1:1:1:1:1:1 composition, before trace element adds, is dissolved in the 1L aqueous solution, and the content of each trace element is probably between 2.0～2.5g/L.Humic acid is ulmic acid.45 parts of the paulownia brans that paulownia bran solution its preparation method is water content≤5%, are placed in plastic tank or pond, add 60 parts of water, and sealing is soaked 60 days, obtains paulownia bran solution.Prepare treatment step as follows:
1) concentrated: at 75 DEG C, molasses fermented waste liquid is concentrated into organic content is 40% to heating evaporation, obtain concentrated solution and carry out coolingly, cooling rear concentrated solution is divided into two portions and uses, and a part is for alkaline hydrolysis dehydration, and a part is for acidolysis dehydration.
2) alkaline hydrolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 35% alkaline hydrolysis medicament (lime powder and volatile salt are according to the ratio mixture of mass ratio 1:2), under 200r/min stirring at low speed condition, alkaline hydrolysis dehydration 25min, obtains alkaline hydrolysis condiment.
3) acidolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 20% acidolysis medicament (80% phosphoric acid), under 200r/min stirring at low speed condition, acidolysis dehydration 20min, obtains acidolysis condiment.
4) preparation in and condiment: by step 3) acidolysis condiment join step 2) alkaline hydrolysis condiment in mix, make the two occur acid-base neutralisation, in obtaining after mixing and condiment pH between 6.PH, between 6, runs into alkali and can decompose to prevent from adding urea, lowers the nutritive value of fertilizer.
5) dry: by step 4) obtain in and condiment dry under 40 DEG C, ventilation condition, obtaining water content is 5-6%, obtains dry condiment.
6) one-level biological fermentation: get 15 parts of sugarcane lime-ash, 70 parts of filter muds, 13 parts of steps 5) the dry condiment preparing, 2 parts of basic mediums, mix and blend is placed in one-level biological fermentation pond aerated fermentation 10～15 days, between yeast phase, stir 1～2 time, obtain one grade fermemtation fertilizer.
7) two stage biological fermentation: get step 6) the one grade fermemtation fertilizer that obtains, add 3 parts of trace elements, 12 parts of probiotic bacterium seed liquor, aerated fermentation 7 days after stirring, add again 15% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 13% potash fertilizer, 12% humic acid, 12% paulownia bran solution to stir, obtain active organic fertilizer.
8) pH adjust and inorganic fertilizer condiment: in step 7) active organic fertilizer in add alkaline hydrolysis agent or acidolysis agent, after stirring, sampling is dissolved and is measured pH and stop adding hydrochloric acid between 6.5 time, dry under 55 DEG C of ventilation conditions, obtaining water content is the eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer of 9-10%.
Embodiment 6:
The molasses fermented waste liquid of the present embodiment is from Guangxi large-scale Cassava alcohol fermentation manufacturing enterprise.The basic medium formula of using in embodiment is: 0.5% peptone, 2% sodium-chlor, 0.5% sodium phosphate; Probiotic bacterium comprises that root nodule bacterium, phosphorus bacteria, three kinds of concentration ratio of potassium bacterium approximate 1:1:1 combination; Described probiotic bacterium seed liquor is the probiotic bacterium fermented liquid obtaining after 20h that ferments in basic medium; Trace element comprises that two kinds of boron, cobalts etc. are according to 1:1 composition, before trace element adds, is dissolved in the 1L aqueous solution, and the content of each trace element is probably between 0.5～1.0g/L.Humic acid is the composition that ulmic acid, Ulmic acids, xanthohumic acid weight ratio are 1:1:1.45 parts of the paulownia brans that paulownia bran solution its preparation method is water content≤5%, are placed in plastic tank or pond, add 60 parts of water, and sealing is soaked 60 days, obtains paulownia bran solution.Preparation method's treatment step is as follows:
1) concentrated: at 80 DEG C, molasses fermented waste liquid is concentrated into organic content is 65% to heating evaporation, obtain concentrated solution and carry out coolingly, cooling rear concentrated solution is divided into two portions and uses, and a part is for alkaline hydrolysis dehydration, and a part is for acidolysis dehydration.
2) alkaline hydrolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 20% alkaline hydrolysis medicament (liquefied ammonia), under 200r/min stirring at low speed condition, alkaline hydrolysis dehydration 20min, obtains alkaline hydrolysis condiment.
3) acidolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add 35% acidolysis medicament (80% hydrochloric acid), under 200r/min stirring at low speed condition, acidolysis dehydration 35min, obtains acidolysis condiment.
4) preparation in and condiment: by step 3) acidolysis condiment join step 2) alkaline hydrolysis condiment in mix, make the two occur acid-base neutralisation, in obtaining after mixing and condiment pH between 5.PH, between 5, runs into alkali and can decompose to prevent from adding urea, lowers the nutritive value of fertilizer.
5) dry: by step 4) obtain in and condiment dry under 35 DEG C, ventilation condition, obtaining water content is 5-6%, obtains dry condiment.
6) one-level biological fermentation: get 15 parts of sugarcane lime-ash, 50 parts of filter muds, 30 parts of steps 5) the dry condiment preparing, 5 parts of basic mediums, mix and blend is placed in one-level biological fermentation pond aerated fermentation 12 days, between yeast phase, stir 2 times, obtain one grade fermemtation fertilizer.
7) two stage biological fermentation: get step 6) the one grade fermemtation fertilizer that obtains, add 5 parts of trace elements, 15 parts of probiotic bacterium seed liquor, aerated fermentation 9 days after stirring, add again 12% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 10% potash fertilizer, 10% humic acid, 15% paulownia bran solution to stir, obtain active organic fertilizer.
8) pH adjust and inorganic fertilizer condiment: in step 7) active organic fertilizer in add alkaline hydrolysis agent or acidolysis agent, after stirring, sampling is dissolved and is measured pH and stop adding sulfuric acid between 6.0 time, dry under 60 DEG C of ventilation conditions, obtaining water content is the eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer of 5-6%.
Embodiment 7 application examples:
Embodiment 1-6 is processed to the solid material obtaining after pulverizing 40～50 mesh sieves, then add bonding chaste tree by the granulation of disc granulation method, particle sub-sieve, metering packing, obtains fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus grain after the assay was approved.Obtain fertilizer dedicated to eucalyptus particle according to conventional eucalyptus fertilizing method and topdressing method, be applied in the cultivation of the eucalyptus hilltop, can meet more all sidedly the each growth period of eucalyptus and grow the demand to nutrient, the average annual mill run of eucalyptus can reach 30m
3/ hm
2above, with respect to; Increased eucalyptus resistance simultaneously; effectively control or avoid eucalyptus disease; reduce substantially the destructive loss that can not save bringing because of nutritional deficiency disease: the ability also with improvement soil, raising soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping; soil protection ecotope; reduce the eutrophication pollution to water body in forest zone, belong to environmental friendly fertilizer.Facts have proved, economic benefit, social benefit and Ecological Effect Yidu of its generation are very remarkable, are subject to society and extensively comment.Especially for the Eucalyptus Seedlings of just transferring to hilltop plantation, use this patent fertilizer, plant percent is up to more than 99%, relatively traditional organic and inorganic fertilizer, and surviving rate has improved 3～5%.
Claims (9)
1. utilize fermentation wastes to prepare a method for eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps:
1) concentrated: utilize heating evaporation that molasses fermented waste liquid is concentrated into organic content for 40-75%, obtain concentrated solution and carry out coolingly, cooling rear concentrated solution is divided into two portions and uses, and a part is for alkaline hydrolysis dehydration, and a part is for acidolysis dehydration;
2) alkaline hydrolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add the alkaline hydrolysis medicament of 10%-35%, under stirring at low speed condition, alkaline hydrolysis dehydration 20-40min, obtains alkaline hydrolysis condiment;
3) acidolysis dehydration: get step 1) the partial concentration liquid that obtains, add the acidolysis medicament of 10%-35%, under stirring at low speed condition, acidolysis dehydration 20-40min, obtains acidolysis condiment;
4) preparation in and condiment: by step 3) acidolysis condiment join step 2) alkaline hydrolysis condiment in mix, make the two occur acid-base neutralisation, in obtaining after mixing and condiment pH between 5～7;
5) dry: by step 4) obtain in and condiment dry under 35-50 DEG C, ventilation condition, obtain water content and be≤10% dry condiment;
6) one-level biological fermentation: get 15～30 parts of sugarcane lime-ash, 50～70 parts of filter muds, 10～30 parts of steps 5) the dry condiment preparing, 2～5 parts of basic mediums, mix and blend is placed in one-level biological fermentation pond aerated fermentation 10～15 days, between yeast phase, stir 1～2 time, obtain one grade fermemtation fertilizer;
7) two stage biological fermentation: get step 6) the one grade fermemtation fertilizer that obtains, add 2～5 parts of trace elements, 5～15 parts of probiotic bacterium seed liquor, aerated fermentation 7～10 days after stirring, add again 5-15% fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 10-15% potash fertilizer, 5-15% humic acid, 5-15% paulownia bran solution to stir, obtain active organic fertilizer;
8) pH adjust: in step 3) active organic fertilizer in add alkaline hydrolysis agent or acidolysis agent, after stirring, sampling is dissolved and is measured pH and stop adding alkaline hydrolysis agent or acidolysis agent between 5.5～7 time, dry under 40～60 DEG C of ventilation conditions, obtain water content and be≤10% eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer.
2. the method for utilizing fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described alkaline hydrolysis medicament is any or their composition in lime, liquefied ammonia, volatile salt, lime is pulvis, and CaCO in lime
3content>=92%; Described acidolysis medicament is any or their composition in 60-85% sulfuric acid, 60～95% hydrochloric acid, 70～95% phosphoric acid.
3. the method for utilizing fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heating evaporation is 50-85 DEG C of heating.
4. the method for utilizing fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stirring at low speed is 100～200r/min.
5. the method for utilizing fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described basic medium composition comprises 0.5-1% peptone, 0.5-2% sodium-chlor, 0.5-2% sodium phosphate.
6. the method for utilizing fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described probiotic bacterium comprises any or their arbitrary combination in root nodule bacterium, vinelandii, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterium; Described probiotic bacterium seed liquor is the probiotic bacterium fermented liquid obtaining after 16～24h that ferments in basic medium.
7. the method for utilizing fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described trace element comprises any or their composition in iron, boron, arsenic, manganese, zinc, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, selenium, magnesium.
8. the method for utilizing fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described humic acid is any or their composition in ulmic acid, Ulmic acids, xanthohumic acid.
9. the method for utilizing fermentation wastes to prepare eucalyptus special organic composite fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, paulownia bran 30-50 part that described paulownia bran solution its preparation method is water content≤5%, be placed in plastic tank or pond, add 50-70 part water, 40-60 days is soaked in sealing, obtains paulownia bran solution.
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