CN103997014B - Transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connects lightening arresting method - Google Patents
Transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connects lightening arresting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103997014B CN103997014B CN201410088492.4A CN201410088492A CN103997014B CN 103997014 B CN103997014 B CN 103997014B CN 201410088492 A CN201410088492 A CN 201410088492A CN 103997014 B CN103997014 B CN 103997014B
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Abstract
Transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connect lightening arresting method, be a kind of transmitting station avoid launch steel tower draw thunder and lightning to computer room harm the person, endanger machine safety ground wire connection lightening arresting method.Technological invention is by being placed to the technology of feedback pipe position, it is connected by being set to computer room grounded screen with the technology of steel tower grounded screen with technology, by to equipment, computer room grounded screen with feedback pipe be connected conductor technology connection, by to power supply unit outside computer room, signalling arrangement and communication equipment ground technology connect etc. aggregate measures, scientifically realize under the relatively large grounded resistance condition of lightning protection grounding network, ensure computer room personal safety, ensure that calculator room equipment, computer room outer power supply unit, computer room external signal and communication equipment avoid the lightning protection function damaged by thunder and lightning.Lightning protection investment can be significantly saved using the high mountain transmitting station of the present invention, ensures the lightning protection of science, prevents damage to crops caused by thunder.
Description
Technical field
It is personal to computer room harm that the present invention is a kind of TV, frequency modulation, communication wireless transmitting station avoids transmitting steel tower from drawing thunder and lightning
The ground wire connection method of safety, damage machine.
TV, frequency modulation, communication wireless transmitting station with transmitting steel tower are equipment direct with presenting due to the needs of radio-frequency transmissions
What pipe connected, transmitting steel tower is also lightning-arrest arrester, stands in the thunder and lightning that eminence is easy to attract neighbouring space, thunder and lightning can be from iron
Tower directly damages with reaching equipment through presenting pipe to equipment and the person.This technology ensures machine normal work and the people that works
Member, transmitter room machine do not drawn by steel tower under effects of lightning.
Background technology
It is that will launch steel tower to be connected to grounded screen of the grounding resistance less than 4 ohm, equipment to avoid thunder disaster in general way
Ground is with regard to proximity grounded screen.So in general ground connection lightning protection, the simply personal safety of protection, equipment can be often by broken by lightning.Cause
This often presses National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB50343-2012 again<<Building electronic information system shocking preventing technology specification>>
（Afterwards referred to as<<Specification>>）" equipotential link " lightning protection is carried out to calculator room equipment.Equipotential link is pacified in the foreign protection person first
Application is mentioned in full shocking preventing technology, there is good lightning protection effect in general lightning Protection Design, and develops into the lightning protection of industry
Specification.Equipotential link has good lightning protection effect when the grounding resistance of grounded screen is less than 4 ohm, does not in addition find more
Good method.Therefore typically also used in the design of the anti-steel tower thunder and lightning of transmitting station<<Specification>>In Equipotential connection method, it is actual
Statistics<<Specification>>In Equipotential connection method lightning protection effect, have good lightning protection effect in the mountain region transmitting station having, but have
Many high mountain transmitting stations still have the accident of thunder and lightning damage equipment.Thunder and lightning mainly causes the interior high-tech for having crystal element
Equipment is damaged, and causes to break and economic loss.In recent years TV, frequency modulation, telecommunications high speed development, various high technology equipments
More and more to apply in transmitting station, quite a few transmitting station is improper because of lightning protection measures, it is difficult to avoids damage to crops caused by thunder completely.Before also
Phase lightning Protection Design does not have scientific basis, causes irrational lightning protection to invest, and also corresponds to increase and is lost caused by thunder and lightning.Such as
Guangxi radio data system is broken just more than 150 hours for 2013 caused by thunder and lightning, direct economic loss more than 500,000 yuan of and
The input of lightning protection grounding network is built early stage just more than 10,000,000 yuan.
The lightening arresting method for document the propositions one point earth also having in shocking preventing technology, this is to independence and need not connect steel tower and sets
Standby lightning protection is effective, and to must be connected to feedback pipe steel tower equipment, also need to equipment the transmitter room that is connected with each other
Equipment, it is inapplicable.
In high mountain transmitting station real work, it has been found that press<<Specification>>Equipotential link lightning protection have it is following not
Foot：
(1) grounded screen is required below 4 ohm of grounding resistance, and larger investment is generally required in mountain region.Economic cause, construction
The requirement below 4 ohm of grounding resistance can not often be met.
（2）Grounding resistance is ageing shorter, and grounding resistance is big with the change of season, time, it is difficult to meets ground connection electricity when long
The grounding resistance requirement of less than 4 ohm of resistance.
（3）The short circuit metallic material needed in computer room is more, and difficulty of construction is larger, accordingly invests larger.It is difficult to ensure that each
The short circuit connection of equipment.
（4）Equipment after " equipotential " connection is not that the current potential of equipment is equal, when steel tower draws thunder and lightning, if grounded screen lightning protection
Grounding resistance is larger, can also there is the potential difference compared with conference damage equipment between calculator room equipment.The equipment of damage is interior to have mostly
The high technology equipment of crystal PN junction.
（5）The definition of equipotential link does not provide potential difference ability protection equipment and personal safety that will be how small, only
It is the connection for wanting potential difference to tend to 0, the numerical computations in lightning Protection Design are without according to can follow, it is impossible to according to equipment safety voltage and the person
The difference of safe voltage imposes different lightning Protection Designs, and certain blindness is brought to actual lightning protection construction.
Figure 13 is pressed<<Specification>>Equipotential link lightning protection, when the steel tower Grounding for the lightning-arrest steel tower for serving as arrester
Resistance is excessive, and the electric current for flowing directly into the earth when being struck by lightning through steel tower grounded screen will be small, and the thunder of calculator room equipment is flowed to through presenting pipe
Electric current is with regard to big, if the lightning current for hitting to lightning-arrest steel tower is 60KA, the lightning current through presenting pipe lightning current 30KA, is accorded with terms of half
Close<<Specification>>Bonding wire specification available cross-section be 16 square millimeters of copper cash, such wire may in computer room
Have it is 16 meters long, if such bonding wire has an electric current for having shunted 10KA, in this case, 16 meters long section 16
The copper conductor resistance of square millimeter is 16 × 0.0172/16=0.0172 ohm, and when flowing through 10KA lightning current, pressure drop just has
172 volts.This voltage is superimposed with the part decompression of equipotential link plate, bonding wire, electrical grounding line, is added in equipment
Between ground, with being also added in equipment component between the earth, at least 172 volts.
In modern transmitter room equipment, the substantial amounts of crystal element for having PN junction is applied, PN junction is usually equipment safety
Pressure-resistant minimum structure.PN junction operating voltage is 0.7 volt (silicon) or 0.3 volt (germanium), and forward voltage added by PN junction exceedes work electricity
Pressing through will damage more.Voltage less than 0.3 volt will not damage PN junction.It is believed that 0.3 volt be equipment safe voltage, be less than
0.3 volt of voltage is referred to as the light current potential difference of equipment.
PN knots generally with equipment have an electrical connection, equipment wantonly 2 points of potential difference may be added on PN junction, Figure 10
With showing PN junction and equipment, 20 meters of long coaxial cables outer metal, a kind of connected mode of equipment metal screen layer.R1 is
The equivalent resistance of the outer metal of CATV-5 coaxial cables.When test power supply makes R1 flow through the electric currents of 100 peaces, the decompression on R1 is 10
Lie prostrate, the decompression meeting forward direction on R1 is added on PN junction, so as to damage PN junction.Figure 11 is that with equipment connection flow is excessive for another PN junction
The diagram of electric current.
The minimal-contact voltage safe and reliable to people is 36 volts, is referred to as the light current potential difference to people's safety less than this voltage.
When lightning current flows to computer room, between the equipment ground in computer room, computer room between the earth, electricity of the computer room ground between working environment
Potential difference is safe to the person no more than 36 volts.Press<<Specification>>172 volts of electricity of equipment room that the above-mentioned theory of connection is calculated
Potential difference, the PN junction forward direction operating voltage of remote superconducting transistor, also 36 volts of the safe voltage of remote superman's body, this is possible to cause personnel
Or equipment is compromised.Illustrate to press in high mountain transmitting station《Specification》The deficiency of lightning protection.
The high speed development of information, radio and television services, the deficiency of existing shocking preventing technology, there is an urgent need to ensure transmitter room
Equipment avoids the science shocking preventing technology of damage to crops caused by thunder.Transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connection lightening arresting method, which scientifically solves mountain region, to be prevented
Thunder grounding resistance also can guarantee that the theory and technology problem of computer room person equipment safety in 4-----50 ohms scope.Can be in computer room
Damage to crops caused by thunder is avoided under the conditions of larger ground network ground resistance.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve existing shocking preventing technology to need larger investment in mountain environment lightning protection, and it is difficult to prevent
The only deficiency of thunder and lightning damage equipment, propose a kind of《Transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connects lightening arresting method》Solve transmitting station compared with
Also the person, the Lightning Protection of equipment safety are can guarantee that under the conditions of big grounding resistance.Used by the present invention solves technical problem
Technical scheme is：
1. transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connection lightening arresting method is with having equipment, present pipe, lightning-arrest steel tower order is electrically connected
Binding structure launches the lightening arresting method of the station, is included in around computer room or embedded underground computer room grounded screen, buries steel tower grounded screen,
Steel tower grounded screen and computer room grounded screen are linked together, computer room grounded screen is terminated in computer room with feedback pipe to equipment, is characterized in:
Present pipe to be connected with light current potential difference connection conductor at computer room end, light current potential difference connection conductor is connected to computer room with protective grounding conductor and connect
Earth mat, all devices are connected to light current potential difference connection conductor；Remove protective grounding conductor with feedback manage, armamentarium and machine
Nothing is conductively connected and insulated between room grounded screen；Remove protective grounding conductor to manage with feedback, insulated with the earth armamentarium；Estimation
Or the feedback pipe of maximum lightning current is flowed through in test, by the feedback pipe in the choosing a little of one end of computer room centered on contact, other feedback pipes are close
Central contact, central contact is arrived with the other feedback pipes of light current potential difference connection conductor connection;Central contact is connected with protective grounding conductor
To computer room grounded screen.
The transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connects lightening arresting method, including working metal environment insulate with computer room grounded screen
Isolation, working metal environment is connected to central contact, is wired to working metal environment to each equipment, by steel tower grounded screen
A part surround computer room grounded screen and bury, computer room grounded screen is connected to steel tower grounded screen through resistive regulation metal, designs computer room
The grounding resistance of grounded screen is more than 1.5 to 4 times of the grounding resistance of steel tower grounded screen, the resistance of adjustment resistive regulation metal：Electricity
Resistance test pencil 2 connects steel tower pin, and it is RT1 that resistance test pencil 1, which is connected to the resistance that resistive regulation metal temporary joint measures,；In resistance test pencil
2 connect steel tower pin, and it is RT2 that resistance test pencil 1, which is connected to the resistance measured during steel tower grounded screen temporary joint, take RT1 bigger than RT2 2-5 times.
The transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connects lightening arresting method, including with more than the 50 meters optical cables far attracted
First pair of optical fiber is communicated, and sets optical cable steel wire with equipment and working metal environment has more than 20CM insulation distance, light
Cable steel wire takes 1K---3K with regard to proximity geodetic point, optical cable steel wire grounding resistance, and what grounded screen optical cable steel wire can not take over.
The transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connects lightening arresting method, and its feature includes being supplied with the isolation of low pressure isolating transformer
The connection method of electric lightning protection, insert low pressure isolating transformer between computer room low-tension supply power transformer is secondary, low pressure every
Power transformer neutral conductor contact is connected to from the primary neutral conductor, the low pressure isolating transformer primary and secondary neutral conductor is not connected to,
Low pressure isolating transformer secondary neutral conductor contact is connected to central contact with the second wire, sets low pressure isolating transformer primary source
Line, the low pressure isolating transformer primary neutral conductor separate more than 20 centimetres of insulation distance cabling with computer room low-tension supply, from power supply
Transformer neutral conductor contact connects first wire to central contact.
The transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connects lightening arresting method, and its feature includes using coaxial cable, outdoor tuner
The lightening arresting method of satellite-signal is received, the outer metal of outdoor tuner is supported with insulation stent, outer metal and the height of tuner
Point insulating is grounded at frequency head, is taken shelter from the thunder in the tuner lightning rod or lightning conduction, tuner of outdoor 3 meters of additional direct striking thunder preventions of tuner
Pin or lightning conduction are connected to steel tower grounded screen, the super 20CM of insulation distance of coaxial cable and earth point at tuner.
The transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connects lightening arresting method, including the lightning protection to be communicated with distant place diesel-driven generator connects
Connect, pass through master control netting twine, master control fiber optical transceiver, second pair of optical fiber, generating end fiber optical transceiver, electricity generating controller in computer room
The combination that is linked in sequence is monitored to the diesel generating set on distant place ground, master control fiber optical transceiver, second pair of optical fiber, generating end
Fiber optical transceiver, generating end is positioned over, second pair of fiber lengths, which is set, surpasses more than 1.5 meters, and master control netting twine is received with generating end optical fiber
The insulation distance of hair device surpasses 1 meter, and the insulation distance of master control netting twine and electricity generating controller surpasses 1 meter, master control netting twine and diesel-driven generator
Insulation distance between group surpasses 1 meter, and the insulation distance of master control fiber optical transceiver and generating end fiber optical transceiver surpasses 1 meter, master control optical fiber
The insulation distance of transceiver and electricity generating controller surpasses 1 meter, and the insulation distance between master control fiber optical transceiver and diesel generating set surpasses 1
Rice, master control netting twine and diesel generating set nearby bigly between insulation distance surpass 1 meter, master control fiber optical transceiver power supply is derived from monitoring
Computer room, the power supply of generating end fiber optical transceiver are derived from the power supply of generating set nearby.
The material of light current potential difference connection conductor selects with section formula 1, and the material of protective grounding conductor and section are public
Formula 2 selects, and material and the section formula 3 of the first wire design.
Described transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connection lightening arresting method, is replaced it is characterized in that presenting effective coaxial cable, or
Person's light current potential difference connection conductor is replaced with wire or protective grounding conductor is replaced with conductor.
Beneficial effect：
Present invention contrast prior art has following innovative point：
1. by estimate or test flow through maximum current feedback pipe computer room-end centered on contact, it is other feedback pipes in computer room
End is connected close proximity to central contact with light current potential difference connection conductor.Central contact is connected to computer room with protective grounding conductor
Grounded screen.
2. being insulated with ground with setting equipment, it is connected to light current potential difference connection conductor all devices entirely, passes through light current potential difference
It is indirect earthed to connect conductor, protective grounding conductor, can not be directly grounded net to equipment, can not directly connect the earth, ensures and big
Ground insulate, blocking equipment except protective grounding conductor, feedback pipe in addition to any path for connecing the earth.
3. according to equipment safety voltage and the difference of human safety voltage, light current potential difference connection conductor is provided, safety connects
The design formula of ground wire.
4. the insulation of working metal environment and the earth is set and working metal environment is connected to light current potential difference connection conductor.
5. surround computer room grounded screen with a part for steel tower grounded screen to bury, steel tower grounded screen and computer room grounded screen resistance
Property regulation metal be connected together, computer room grounded screen is also connect through steel tower grounded screen to zero-potential point, computer room grounded screen and connect with steel tower
Earth mat forms total grounded screen, and the grounding resistance of computer room grounded screen is more than the grounding resistance of steel tower grounded screen, and selection is suitable
The resistive regulation metal of resistance, can exponentially reduce the lightning current for flowing through feedback pipe.Provide regulation resistance regulation metal electricity
The debugging principle figure of resistance.
6. offer uses satellite-signal, a kind of shocking preventing technology scheme of satellite-signal is received in computer room external application tuner.
7. provide a kind of shocking preventing technology scheme of fiber-optic signal using remote ground optical cable.
8. provide a kind of shocking preventing technology scheme of diesel generating set for monitoring in computer room and being grounded nearby outside 30-200 rice.
Present invention contrast prior art has following remarkable advantage：
1. under the conditions of feedback pipe flows through same lightning current, than other methods, the maximum potential difference between calculator room equipment ground is small
1000---10000 times.
For the potential difference equipment ground, the electric current of feedback pipe does not produce the current potential between equipment ground where flowing through central contact
Difference, produce the electric current of pressure drop between equipment ground only with to flow through the fraction of feedback pipe current related, produce the conductor of pressure drop between equipment ground
Resistance is also only relevant with the partial ohmic of light current potential difference connection conductor, and presenting pipe is connected close proximity to connection, light current potential difference
Connect the section of conductor can get again it is very big.Merge these measures, than<Specification>With equipotential link plate, bonding wire, etc.
Current potential connecting line, the lightning protection of electrical grounding line connect, and the potential difference between equipment ground wants small 1000---10000 times.Rationally design
The section of light current potential difference connection conductor and position and the order of Reasonable Arrangement feedback pipe, are not difficult to accomplish to allow maximum potential between equipment ground
Difference is below 0.3 volt.
A part for 2, steel tower grounded screens is surrounded computer room grounded screen and buried, and can reduce the lightning diverter of feedback pipe, selects computer room
The conductor of the resistive regulation metal of shunting is served as in the grounding resistance of grounded screen and the grounding resistance ratio of steel tower grounded screen, selection
Resistance value, the diverting coefficient of steel tower ground grid design needs can be obtained, to reduce the maximum lightning current for flowing through feedback pipe;
3. personal safety is more guaranteed, equipment voltage between the earth, between working environment and the earth set by formula
For meter under human safety voltage, design is evidence-based, realizes more scientific reliable personal safety lightning protection.
4. according to the difference of equipment safety voltage and personal safety voltage, lightning Protection Design is carried out respectively, each provides and sets
The standby lightning protection design formula related to human body lightning protection, can avoid blind investment, be greatly lowered cost of investment.
5. the design also has good lightning protection to act in larger grounding resistance 10---50 ohms.The equipment of this technology
Epd design and grounding resistance relation is little, and the personal security voltage design between calculator room equipment and grounded screen is also electric with ground connection
Resistance relation is little, and ground connection is other factor needs.Therefore this can reduce substantial amounts of lightning protection grounding network in high mountain platform construction and throw
Money.
6. on the premise of computer room grounded screen security setting, the resistance value of increase resistive regulation metal, increase computer room connects
The grounding resistance ratio of earth mat and steel tower grounded screen, the maximum lightning current that can make to flow through feedback pipe reduces, so as to reduce equipment
Light current potential difference connects the section of metal and human body light current potential difference connecting line, saves material.
7. the attached technology of this technology, solves transmitter room in the lump in external power source power supply, satellite signal receiving, light
Cableless communication, digital microwave telecommunication, computer room closely/the shocking preventing technology problem of remote monitor diesel-driven generator.
8. and protect these equipment to be operated with calculator room equipment when being connected and do not damaged by thunder and lightning.
This technology has to being in city or suburbs application feedback pipe or coaxial cable, the super 40MHZ of tranmitting frequency transmitter room
Same effect.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the lightning protection circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the lightning protection schematic diagram for increasing working metal environment on the basis of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the ground wire connection lightning protection schematic diagram that the present invention is powered using power transformer;
Fig. 4 is the ground wire connection lightning protection schematic diagram that the present invention is powered using power transformer and isolating transformer;
Fig. 5 is the lightning protection schematic diagram that the present invention is attached with satellite signal receiving tuner;
Fig. 6 is the lightning protection schematic diagram that the present invention is attached with optical cable;
Fig. 7 is that the present invention is connected lightning protection schematic diagram with digital microwave machine;
Fig. 8 is that the present invention is connected lightning protection schematic diagram with monitoring distant place diesel-driven generator supply line;
Fig. 9 is that the present invention is connected lightning protection schematic diagram with the circuit of monitoring near-earth diesel-driven generator generating;
Figure 10 is the high current damage device interior PN junction schematic diagram for flowing through cable outer layer between equipment ground;
Figure 11 is the high current damage device interior PN junction schematic diagram for flowing through equipment ground;
Figure 12 is steel tower earth mat, feedback pipe shunting thunder and lightning ratio test Principles of Regulation figure;
Figure 13 is pressed《Specification》The lightning protection schematic diagram of connection;
Figure 14 powers using the present invention with isolating transformer, with fiber optic cable communications, the reality with the transmitting station lightning protection of satellite-signal
Example;
Figure 15 is using the present invention, primary dispatch from foreign news agency, emergency diesel generator power supply, uses microwave communication, satellite-signal
Transmitting station lightning protection example;
Figure 16 is the formula that the present invention applies.
In figure：1 lightning-arrest steel tower, 2 feedback pipes, 3 light current potential differences connection conductor, 4 central contacts, 5 protective grounding conductors, 6 equipment
Ground, 7 equipment ground lines, 8 computer room grounded screens, 9 resistives regulation metal, 10 steel tower grounded screens, the ground connection electricity of 11 computer room grounded screens
Resistance, the grounding resistance of 12 steel tower grounded screens, 13 zero-potential points, 14 working metal environment, 15 wires, 16 high-voltage power-lines, 17 electricity
Source transformer, 18 computer room low-tension supplies, 19 high-voltage arrester groups, 20 power transformer neutral conductor contacts, 21 power transformers
Level arrester, 22 computer room interior power arresters, 23 power supplys and computer room or the insulating materials between power supply and environment, 24 power supplys become
Depressor grounded screen, 25 first wires, 26 computer room interior power arrester ground ends, 27 low pressure isolating transformers, the isolation of 28 low pressure become
Depressor primary source line, the 29 low pressure isolating transformer primary neutral conductors, 30 low pressure isolating transformer secondary neutral conductor contacts, 31
Two wires, 32 coaxial cables, the outer metal of tuner outside Room 33,34 insulation stents, 35 service switch, it is grounded at 36 tuners
Point, 37 tuner lightning rods or lightning conduction, 38 first pairs of optical fiber, 39 insulation distances, 40 optical cable steel wires, 41 optical cable steel wires ground connection electricity
Resistance, 42 geodetic points, 43 optical cables, the input/output optical fiber of 44 digital microwave machines, 45 insulants, 46 digital microwave machines, 47 numerals are micro-
The feedback pipe of ripple, 48 digital microwaves receive head, 49 privates, 50 master control netting twines, 51 master control fiber optical transceivers, 52 second pairs of light
Fibre, 53 generating end fiber optical transceivers, 54 electricity generating controllers, 55 diesel generating sets, 56 diesel generating sets nearby bigly, 57
One equipment metal screen layer, the outer metal of 58CATV-5 coaxial cables, 59 second equipment metal screen layers, 60PN knots, 61 test electricity
Source, 62 equipotential link plates, the computer room of 63 bonding wire, 1,64 bonding wire, 2,65 electrical grounding line 3,66 ground connection
Net and the connection conductor of steel tower grounded screen, 67 steel tower grounded screen temporary joints, 68 resistives regulation metal temporary joint, 69 resistance
The ohmmeter of test pencil 1,70,71 resistance test pencils 2.
Embodiment：
Figure 14, transmitter room send radio frequency with three feedback pipes to the transmitting antenna on lightning-arrest steel tower, with power transformer, low pressure
Isolating transformer is powered.
Computer room grounded screen disposes：Buried after surrounding computer room using 2 meters away from computer room of 40 millimeters × 40 millimeters of angle bar, and between waiting
The earth is connected to every protruding more than 4 band irons.Interface is left in band iron leading point, is poured below computer room with cement and buries half through 4
The bar-mat reinforcement of millimeter, mesh are welded to band iron no more than 300 square centimeters, bar-mat reinforcement and draw point interface nearby.
Present pipe processing：Metal joint of the pipe at computer room end will be presented and try one's best close in computer room somewhere, the joint that will be close to is with pure
Copper lock ring surrounds, and draws interface, and to present pipe centered on the feedback pipe for connecting steel tower highest point, center feedback pipe connects what computer room end was drawn
Contact centered on mouthful, after remaining feedback pipe is close proximity to central contact, connected with copper or copper plating silver conductor.Copper or copper plate silver conductor
Cross section Design：If away from central contact half through being 20CM, maximum instantaneous lightning current 200KA, the shunting of steel tower earth mat maximum instantaneous
140KA, flow through instantaneous maximum shunt I=60KA of feedback pipe（The value can also have been reduced because of the presence of steel tower earth mat distribution capacity）,
Center feedback main shunting I0=40KA of pipe, copper resistance rate ρ=0.0172, most long connection half are flowed through through D=0.2 meter, secondary porthole bridge N=2,
Equipment safety voltage V takes 0.3 volt, based on formula 1 S>115 square millimeters, be light current position with 200 square millimeters of the fine copper in section
Each feedback pipe of difference connection conductor connection arrives central contact.
Grounding：Aluminum steel ρ=0.028, L=16 meter are taken, electric current I=60KA, safe voltage V take 36 volts, porthole bridge N=2, pressed
Formula 2 counts to obtain S>=360 square millimeters, make protective grounding conductor company with the aluminum steel 2 of section 360 square millimeters (half through about 1CM)
Connect each interface of central contact and computer room grounded screen (8).Equipment is set and working metal environment and computer room grounded screen insulation,
Equipment ground line is connected to central contact, working metal environment is connected to central contact, connect with wire by whole calculator room equipments
To working metal environment.Choose economic 20 ohm of the ground network ground resistance allowed：The grounding resistance of computer room grounded screen takes 90 ohm,
Steel tower Resistance of Grounding Grids takes 30 ohm of the two about 20 ohm of parallel connections after resistive regulation metal connection, in 0.01---
The resistance value of resistive regulation metal is chosen in 0.5 Ohmic resistance, resistive regulation metal simply can be grounded with one section from computer room
The ground connection band iron that net stretches out replaces, and is welded between computer room grounded screen and steel tower grounded screen, and resistive regulation metal also can use big
The electric furnace heating wire of power is in parallel to be replaced.Installed in 30 meters away from computer room of power transformer, select primary and secondary it is pressure-resistant surpass 7000 volts every
From transformer, the cross-sectional sizes formula 3 of aluminum conductor is estimated, insulation is pressure-resistant to take V=3000 volt, L=30, aluminium ρ=0.027, uses
The neutral conductor contact and central contact of 120MM squares of aluminum conductor connection power transformer, the breakdown of such high-voltage arrester group
Electric current will not cause the primary and secondary of low pressure isolating transformer to puncture in below 400KA, ensure the mains isolation of calculator room equipment also not
It can puncture, ensure the light current potential difference state of equipment.
Optical cable processing：With double optical fiber in optical cable to equipment receiving and transmitting signal, optical cable steel wire is set away from computer room, ensured exhausted
Edge distance, optical cable steel wire ground plane, optical cable steel wire grounding resistance about 1K ohms.
The processing of satellite signal receiving tuner：Tuner high-strength insulating plastic support high 20CM, fully with the earth
Insulation, the signal of tuner output are sent to calculator room equipment with CATV coaxial wires.The super 10CM of service switch selection contact distance
Switch.Disconnected when service switch does not repair usually, 3 meters away from tuner of tuner lightning rod or lightning conduction, be connected to steel tower ground connection
Net.
In Figure 15, transmitter room send radio frequency, primary power cource transformer with three feedback pipes to the transmitting antenna on lightning-arrest steel tower
Power supply, emergency diesel generator power supply.
Computer room grounded screen is set：After computer room grounded screen surrounds computer room using 40 millimeters × 40 millimeters of 2 meters away from computer room of angle bar
It is embedded, and protruding more than 4 band irons are connected to the earth at equal intervals.Interface is left in band iron leading point, water is used below computer room
Mud, which pours, buries half bar-mat reinforcement through 4 millimeters, and mesh is welded to band iron leading point nearby no more than 300 square centimeters, bar-mat reinforcement
Interface.
Present pipe processing:Metal joint of the pipe at computer room end will be presented and try one's best close in computer room somewhere, the joint that will be close to is with pure
Copper lock ring surrounds, and draws interface, and to present pipe centered on the feedback pipe for connecting steel tower highest point, center feedback pipe connects what computer room end was drawn
Contact centered on mouthful, after remaining feedback pipe is close proximity to central contact.Connected with copper or copper plating silver conductor, copper or copper plate silver conductor
Section：If away from central contact half through being 20CM, maximum instantaneous lightning current 200KA, steel tower earth mat maximum instantaneous shunting 140KA,
Flow through instantaneous maximum shunt I=60KA of feedback pipe（The value can also have been reduced because of the presence of steel tower earth mat distribution capacity）, in flowing through
Main shunting I0=40KA of heart feedback pipe, copper resistance rate ρ=0.0172, most long connection half are pacified through D=0.2 meter, secondary porthole bridge N=2, equipment
Full voltage V takes 0.3 volt, based on formula 1 S>=115 square millimeters, be that light current potential difference connects with 200 square millimeters of the fine copper in section
Connect each feedback pipe of conductor connection and arrive central contact.
Grounding：Aluminum steel ρ=0.028 is taken, I=60KA is always flowed in L=16 meter, and safe voltage V takes 36 volts, porthole bridge N=2, pressed
Formula 2 counts to obtain S>The aluminum steel 2 of=360 square millimeters of 360 square millimeters of sections (half through about 1CM) makees protective grounding conductor company
Connect each interface of central contact and computer room grounded screen.Equipment is set and working metal environment and computer room grounded screen insulation, will
Equipment ground line is connected to central contact, and working metal environment is connected into central contact, is connected to wire by whole calculator room equipments
Working metal environment.Economic 20 ohm of the ground network ground resistance allowed is chosen, the grounding resistance of computer room grounded screen takes 90 ohm, iron
Tower Resistance of Grounding Grids takes 30 ohm of the two about 20 ohm of parallel connections after resistive regulation metal connection, in 0.01---O.5
Choose the resistance value of resistive regulation metal in Ohmic resistance, resistive regulation metal can be simply with one section from computer room grounded screen
(8) the ground connection band iron stretched out replaces, and is welded between computer room grounded screen and steel tower grounded screen, and resistive regulation metal also can use big
The electric furnace heating wire of power is in parallel to be replaced.Installed in 15 meters away from computer room of power transformer, the breakdown voltage of computer room interior power arrester is
700 volts, 260 volts of maximum mains voltage is subtracted, it is 440 volts to fill the lightning voltage for being permitted to be superimposed with, and cutting for wire is estimated with formula 2
Face S, thunder and lightning fill voltage perhaps and take V=440 volt.L=15, aluminium ρ=0.027, S>=322 square millimeters, with 350 square millimeters of aluminum conductor
Power transformer neutral conductor contact is connected to central contact, high-voltage arrester breakdown current is in below 350KA after so connecting
The breakdown of low voltage surge arrester group will not be caused, ensureing the mains isolation of calculator room equipment will not puncture.
The processing of digital microwave machine：Digital microwave machine is supported in frame with the fiberboard of high withstand voltage, with computer room, frame
The super 10CM of insulation distance on ground, powered with double optical fiber to the equipment number of delivering letters, digital microwave machine with insulating power supply, in one end of computer room
The feedback pipe and central contact of digital microwave are connected with wire, to reduce the potential difference of digital microwave machine and equipment ground.
Monitor the processing of near-earth diesel-driven generator：Diesel-driven generator is close proximity to computer room, in being connected to diesel-driven generator
Heart contact, with nearby big insulate, working metal environment is connected with central contact at diesel-driven generator, bavin diesel-driven generator
Oily generator-near grounded screen is also connected with central contact.
Figure 16 formula explanations：The material of light current potential difference connection conductor selects with section formula 1, the material of protective grounding conductor
Material selects with section formula 2, and material and the section formula 3 of the first wire design；S is cross-sectional area of conductor in formula 1, and ρ is electricity
Resistance rate, I are the instantaneous maximum shunts for flowing through feedback pipe, and I0 is the main shunting for flowing through center feedback pipe, and N is that feedback pipe number subtracts 1, and D is feedback pipe
With the ultimate range of central contact.S is cross-sectional area of conductor in formula 2, and ρ is resistivity, and I is to flow through the instantaneous maximum shunt for presenting pipe, N
It is the quantity of wire, L is the length of wire.S is cross-sectional area of conductor in formula 3, and ρ is resistivity, and I is flow through feedback pipe instantaneous maximum point
Stream, V is breakdown voltage, and L is the length of wire.
Claims (6)
- It is with having equipment 1. transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connects lightening arresting method（6）, feedback pipe（2）, lightning-arrest steel tower（1）Sequentially Electric connection structure launches the lightening arresting method of the station, is included in around computer room or embedded underground computer room grounded screen（8）, embedded steel tower connects Earth mat (10), by steel tower grounded screen (10) and computer room grounded screen（8）Link together, equipment (6) with feedback manage（2）At computer room end The room grounded screen that picks (8), it is characterized in feedback pipe (2) in computer room end light current potential difference connection conductor (3) connection, the connection of light current potential difference Conductor (3) is connected to computer room grounded screen (8), all devices ground wire with protective grounding conductor (5)（7）The connection of light current potential difference is connected to lead Body (3)；Remove protective grounding conductor（5）Managed with feedback（2）, armamentarium ground (6) and computer room grounded screen（8）Between without being conductively connected And insulate；Remove protective grounding conductor（5）Managed with feedback（2）, armamentarium (6) with the earth insulate；Estimation or test are flowed through most The feedback pipe of large lightning current, by the feedback pipe in the choosing a little of one end of computer room centered on contact (4), other feedback pipes are close to central contacts （4）, connect the other feedback pipes of conductor (3) connection with light current potential difference and arrive central contact (4);Central contact (4) uses protective grounding conductor （5）It is connected to computer room grounded screen (8).
- 2. transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connection lightening arresting method according to claim 1, including working metal environment and machine Room grounded screen（8）Insulation, working metal environment (14) and computer room grounded screen（8) it is dielectrically separated from, working metal environment (14) is even Be connected to central contact (4), each equipment (6) be connected to working metal environment (14) with wire (15), by steel tower grounded screen (10) A part surround computer room grounded screen（8）It is embedded, computer room grounded screen（8）Steel tower ground connection is connected to through resistive regulation metal (9) Net (10), design the grounding resistance of computer room grounded screen（11）More than the grounding resistance of steel tower grounded screen（12）1.5 to 4 times, adjustment The resistance of resistive regulation metal (9)：Resistance test pencil 2（71）Connect steel tower pin, resistance test pencil 1（69）It is connected to resistive regulation metal The resistance that temporary joint (68) measures is RT1；In resistance test pencil 2（71）Connect steel tower pin, resistance test pencil 1（69）Steel tower is connected to connect The resistance measured during earth mat temporary joint (67) is RT2, takes RT1 bigger than RT2 2-5 times.
- 3. transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connection lightening arresting method according to claim 1, including far draw with more than 50 meters The optical cable come（43）In first pair of optical fiber（38）Communicated, optical cable steel wire is set（40）With equipment（6）And working metal Environment（14）There is 20 more than CM insulation distance（39）, optical cable steel wire（40）With regard to proximity geodetic point (42), optical cable steel wire ground connection Resistance（41）Take 1K---3K, optical cable steel wire（40）What grounded screen can not be taken over.
- 4. transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connection lightening arresting method according to claim 1, its feature includes being isolated with low pressure Transformer（27）The connection method of isolation power supply lightning protection, in power transformer（17）Secondary and computer room low-tension supply（18）Interleave Enter low pressure isolating transformer（27）, the low pressure isolating transformer primary neutral conductor（29）It is connected to power transformer neutral conductor contact （20）, the low pressure isolating transformer primary and secondary neutral conductor is not connected to, low pressure isolating transformer secondary neutral conductor contact（30）With second Wire（31）It is connected to central contact（4）, low pressure isolating transformer primary source line is set（28）, low pressure isolating transformer it is primary The neutral conductor（29）With computer room low-tension supply（18）More than 20 centimetres of insulation distance cabling is separated, is connect from the power transformer neutral conductor Point (20) connects first wire (25) to central contact (4).
- 5. transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connection lightening arresting method according to claim 1, its feature includes using coaxial cable, Outdoor tuner receives the lightening arresting method of satellite-signal, the outer metal of outdoor tuner（33）Use insulation stent（34）Support, The outer metal of tuner and earth point at tuner（36）Insulation, keeps away in the tuner of outdoor 3 meters of additional direct striking thunder preventions of tuner Thunder pin or lightning conduction（37）, tuner lightning rod or lightning conduction（37）It is connected to steel tower grounded screen, coaxial cable（32）With tuner Locate earth point（36）The super 20CM of insulation distance.
- 6. according to claim 1 transmitter room equipment light current potential difference connection lightening arresting method, including with distant place diesel-driven generator The lightning protection connection of communication, passes through master control netting twine in computer room（50）, master control fiber optical transceiver（51）, second pair of optical fiber（52）, generate electricity Hold fiber optical transceiver（53）, electricity generating controller（54）The combination that is linked in sequence to the diesel generating set on distant place ground（55）Carry out Monitoring, master control fiber optical transceiver（51）, second pair of optical fiber（52）, generating end fiber optical transceiver（53）, be positioned over generating end, Two pairs of optical fiber（52）Length, which is set, surpasses more than 1.5 meters, master control netting twine（50）With generating end fiber optical transceiver（53）Insulation distance Surpass 1 meter, master control netting twine（50）With electricity generating controller（54）Insulation distance surpass 1 meter, master control netting twine（50）With diesel generating set （55 ）Between insulation distance surpass 1 meter, master control fiber optical transceiver（51）With generating end fiber optical transceiver（53）Insulation distance surpass 1 Rice, master control fiber optical transceiver（51）With electricity generating controller（54）Insulation distance surpass 1 meter, master control fiber optical transceiver（51）With diesel oil Generating set（55 ）Between insulation distance surpass 1 meter, master control netting twine（50）It is nearby big with diesel generating set（56）Between insulation Distance surpasses 1 meter, master control fiber optical transceiver（51）Power supply is derived from monitoring room, generating end fiber optical transceiver（53）Power supply be derived from hair The power supply of group of motors nearby.
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| CN107895850A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-10 | 苏宇宁 | Electricity consumption calculator room equipment conductor connects thunder and lightning equipotential lightening arresting method |
| CN108205076A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-06-26 | 苏宇宁 | Lightning protection potential difference test method |
| CN112563770A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-03-26 | 国网陕西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Grounding device for independent lightning rod of transformer substation and optimization method |
| CN113884789B (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2023-11-10 | 湖州电力设计院有限公司 | Lightning protection grounding performance evaluation method for steel structure transformer substation |
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Effective date of registration: 20191224 Address after: 300000 No. 357, free trade road, Airport Economic Zone, Dongli District, Tianjin Patentee after: TIANJIN JINHANG INSTITUTE OF COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY Address before: 537000 No. 115-1 education road, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yulin 244, Yulin Patentee before: Su Yuning |