CN103992096B - 一种能循环使用的多通道陶瓷地板砖 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及建筑材料领域,具体涉及的是一种能循环使用的多通道陶瓷地板砖,它由脊性土岩、粘土、矿石、废渣或废砖原料加工而成,所述脊性土岩主要为叶腊石、伊利石和绢云母混合研磨后的矿物,所述矿石主要为钾长石、钠长石、滑石和硅灰石的混合物,原料的重量百分配比为:脊性土岩:20~25%,粘土:30~45%矿石:15~20%,废渣或废砖:5~10%,本发明采用脊性土岩,降低含水量,提高成品的韧性和强度,矿石起到降低烧结温度和吸水率的作用,废渣中有热值,达到利废节能的效果,制砖过程中结合模具挤压成型为多通道空腔地板砖,可干铺或用地板胶处理湿铺,实现管线自由布设安装,施工效率高,可循环使用,具有很好的节能环保效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料及其制备技术领域,尤其是涉及的是一种能够循环使用的多通道陶瓷地板砖。
背景技术
陶瓷地砖是高能耗、高排放、高耗资源的产业,包括现有的其他建材如木地板和石材等,资源有限,其开采对环境破坏极大,因此提高陶瓷地砖的使用寿命或循环使用是生态保护的必由之路。现有的陶瓷地砖功能单一,厚度薄,只适合于湿法铺设,防潮、隔音、防滑功能差,且大多使用釉面、印花、喷墨工艺,花色易老化不耐磨,使用寿命也比较短,施工后的地面因热胀冷缩的自然力作用,极易破坏地面下的暗埋管线,如常见到的冷热水管渗漏,极易破坏地面装饰材料,如地面开裂、起鼓。而且施工后的地面与其下面的地暖管距离超过50mm,此种施工方法会导致传热慢,热效率低,增加能耗和碳排放。北方地区冬季易发生严重空气污染与供暖热效率低有很大关系。尤其在中国人口密集的中南部地区,冬季异常湿冷,由于历史原因中南部地区未规划集中供暖,每到冬季家家户户采用各种方式取暖,不安全且能耗高。较好的方法是在地板下安装发热电缆,安全、舒适、能耗低,但发热电缆必须是活动安装,而目前的地面施工时无法满足其要求的。采用常见的作业方式施工后的地面,各种管线深埋在水泥中,任何一条管线老化或漏水或者需要增加一条新的管线都必须大面积破坏现有的地面和其他无需维修的管线,由此会带来巨大的经济损失和资源浪费。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述不足,提供一种可循环使用、多通道、热能利用效率高的陶瓷地板砖。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术解决方案是:一种能循环使用的多通道陶瓷地板砖,它由脊性土岩、粘土、矿石、废渣或废砖原料加工而成,所述脊性土岩主要为叶腊石、伊利石和绢云母混合研磨后的矿物,所述矿石主要为钾长石、钠长石、滑石和硅灰石的混合物,所述原料的重量百分配比为:脊性土岩:20~25%,粘土:30~45%矿石:15~20%,废渣或废砖:5~10%。
一种能循环使用的多通道陶瓷地板砖的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
1)原料加工,将粘土经过夏季5天或冬季13天时间晒干后,再放置在室内料仓陈腐10天后,得到含水量为8%的粘土,按脊性土岩:20~25%,粘土:30~45%矿石:15~20%,废渣或废砖:5~10%的重量比例,进行充分搅拌、混匀;
2)混合粉制备,将步骤(1)中混合均匀的原料进行雷蒙磨,加工为20目~60目的粉粒,其中低于60目的含量大于5%,保障生坯成型不开裂;
3)泥粒制备,将步骤(2)的粉粒加入搅拌造粒设备,进行加水搅拌并挤出成泥粒,其中泥粒的含水量为14~18%,泥粒的粒度为10~25mm;
4)将步骤(3)的泥粒放置在陈腐仓,经24小时以上的闷料,保证泥粒的水分均匀;
5)将步骤(4)的泥粒经真空挤压成型为多通道砖坯,其中真空度为0.09MPa,挤出压力大于20Bar;
6)装窑,成型后的多通道砖坯,经8~10小时干燥,其中干燥温度不大于150℃,干燥后的多通道砖坯水分小于1.5%时输送入窑烧结;
7)烧成,保证烧成温度大于1100℃,经过4~5小时烧制成品。
本发明的优点是:采用包括叶腊石,伊石、绢云母等磨细后具有弱粘性矿物的脊性土岩,起到了降低含水量,保障铝含量,提高成品的韧性和强度。粘土在配方中起到了提高坯体的可塑性和成品率,钾、钠长石等熔剂和助熔剂矿物,可以起到降低烧结温度和成品吸水率的作用,而且废渣中有热值,达到利废节能的效果,在制砖过程中结合模具挤压成型为多通道空腔地板砖,厚度超过35mm,弯曲强度超过60MPa,达到欧盟干法铺贴的标准,既可以干铺也可以用地板胶简单处理湿铺,多通道可实现地面各种管线和将来需要增加的各种管线自由布设安装,施工效率高,且更换简单无需破坏现有结构,完全可以循环使用,是一种耗材少、节能隔音的环保型产品。
具体实施方式
下面以实施例具体地描述本发明,本发明的范围不受实施例的限制。
一种能循环使用的多通道陶瓷地板砖,它由脊性土岩、粘土、矿石、废渣或废砖原料加工而成,所述脊性土岩主要为叶腊石、伊利石和绢云母混合研磨后的矿物,所述矿石主要为钾长石、钠长石、滑石和硅灰石的混合物,所述原料的重量百分配比为:脊性土岩:20~25%,粘土:30~45%矿石:15~20%,废渣或废砖:5~10%。其中脊性土岩,起到了降低含水量,保障铝含量,提高成品的韧性和强度,粘土在配方中起到了提高坯体的可塑性和成品率,钾、钠长石等熔剂和助熔剂矿物,可以起到降低烧结温度和成品吸水率的作用,而且废渣中有热值,达到利废节能的效果。
一种能循环使用的多通道陶瓷地板砖的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
1)原料加工,将粘土经过夏季5天或冬季13天时间晒干后,再放置在室内料仓陈腐10天后,得到含水量为8%的粘土,按脊性土岩:20~25%,粘土:30~45%矿石:15~20%,废渣或废砖:5~10%的重量比例,进行充分搅拌、混匀;
2)混合粉制备,将步骤(1)中混合均匀的原料进行雷蒙磨,加工为20目~60目的粉粒,其中低于60目的含量大于5%,保障生坯成型不开裂;
3)泥粒制备,将步骤(2)的粉粒加入搅拌造粒设备,进行加水搅拌并挤出成泥粒,其中泥粒的含水量为14~18%,泥粒的粒度为10~25mm;
4)将步骤(3)的泥粒放置在陈腐仓,经24小时以上的闷料,保证泥粒的水分均匀;
5)将步骤(4)的泥粒经真空挤压成型为多通道砖坯,其中真空度为0.09MPa,挤出压力大于20Bar;
6)装窑,成型后的多通道砖坯,经8~10小时干燥,其中干燥温度不大于150℃,干燥后的多通道砖坯水分小于1.5%时输送入窑烧结;
7)烧成,保证烧成温度大于1100℃,经过4~5小时烧制成品。
最后,将烧制好的成品经过切割、严格评检、包装入成品库。
Claims (1)
1.一种能循环使用的多通道陶瓷地板砖的生产方法,包括以下步骤:
1)原料加工,将粘土经过夏季5天或冬季13天时间晒干后,再放置在室内料仓陈腐10天后,得到含水量为8%的粘土,按脊性土岩:20~25%,粘土:30~45%矿石:15~20%,废渣:5~10%的重量比例,上述各组分之和为100%,进行充分搅拌、混匀;所述脊性土岩主要为叶腊石、伊利石和绢云母混合研磨后的矿物,所述矿石主要为钾长石、钠长石、滑石和硅灰石的混合物;
2)混合粉制备,将步骤(1)中混合均匀的原料进行雷蒙磨,加工为20目~60目的粉粒,其中低于60目的含量大于5%,保障生坯成型不开裂;
3)泥粒制备,将步骤(2)的粉粒加入搅拌造粒设备,进行加水搅拌并挤出成泥粒,其中泥粒的含水量为14~18%,泥粒的粒度为10~25mm;
4)将步骤(3)的泥粒放置在陈腐仓,经24小时以上的闷料,保证泥粒的水分均匀;
5)将步骤(4)的泥粒经真空挤压成型为多通道砖坯,其中真空度为0.09MPa,挤出压力大于20Bar;
6)装窑,成型后的多通道砖坯,经8~10小时干燥,其中干燥温度不大于150℃,干燥后的多通道砖坯水分小于1.5%时输送入窑烧结;
7)烧成,保证烧成温度大于1100℃,经过4~5小时烧制成品。
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