CN103967644B

CN103967644B - Cylinder head for internal combustion engine

Info

Publication number: CN103967644B
Application number: CN201410040475.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 多田和司
Original assignee: Honda Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Honda Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-01-28
Filing date: 2014-01-27
Publication date: 2018-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 2034-01-27
Also published as: JP6096518B2; CN103967644A; DE102014201336A1; JP2014145280A

Abstract

The present invention relates to one kind being used for internal combustion engine（1）Cylinder head（4）.The cylinder head（4）It is provided with from cylinder head（4）Side surface（4a）Protrusion part outstanding（41）, converge part to limit exhaust in inside（17）At least part.The downstream of protrusion part is formed as air exit tubulose portion（42）, the inside in the air exit tubulose portion limits air exit（18）.The lower surface in air exit tubulose portion is provided with a pair of ribs（47）, this pair of ribs extends toward and away from the side surface of cylinder head, to advantageously prevent the thermal deformation in air exit tubulose portion.

Description

Cylinder head for internal combustion engine

Technical field

Exhaust, which is defined, the present invention relates to a kind of cylinder head for internal combustion engine, in the cylinder head converges part.

Background technology

In traditional multicylinder engine, multiple air inlet ports and exhaust port are limited in cylinder head so that they It is open in the air inlet side surface of cylinder head and exhaust side surface respectively, and for distributing the inlet manifold of air inlet and for converging The exhaust manifold of exhaust is respectively attached to air inlet side surface and the exhaust side surface of cylinder head.Recently, for converging exhaust Exhaust converges part and is limited in cylinder head sometimes, so that individually exhaust pipe is connected to the exhaust side table of cylinder head Face.

In converging the multicylinder engine of part with the exhaust being limited in cylinder head, since there is no external row Gas manifold so the overall dimensions of engine can be reduced, and can obtain additional advantage：That is, reducing due to release Heat loss caused by the exhaust of heat；And heating of the acceleration to emission control system, to activate catalyst therein.In addition, Since the distance between the outlet end that each combustion chamber and exhaust converge part is reduced, so when engine is equipped with by exhaust stream When booster (turbocharger) of power is provided, the response characteristic of booster can be improved.On the other hand, in order to avoid possible It is answered by the excessive thermal degradation for promoting caused catalyst and/or the heat acted on engine and exhaust pipe of the temperature of exhaust Power, it may be necessary to suitably cool exhaust, so as to need exhaust being cooled to degree appropriate.

As the structure for the cooling part for converging part around the exhaust being limited in cylinder head, once suggested Water jacket is formed in cylinder head, to which covering exhaust converges part from above and below.For example, see JP2008-309158A.

However, according to the suggestion, the wall that exhaust converges part is limited, more specifically, limiting the outside of water jacket and cylinder head Wall, protruded from the part that cylinder head is had a common boundary with cylinder block to side, so that wall outstanding is born from just connecting Converge the heat of the booster and emission-control equipment of the downstream of part to exhaust.Therefore, wall outstanding may bear hot lotus It is loaded onto degree so, that is, so that wall outstanding deforms, and cylinder head and the sealing that is connected between device downstream can It can be damaged.

Invention content

It is made the present invention be directed to the above problem of the prior art, and its main purpose is, provides a kind of use In the cylinder head of internal combustion engine, which is provided with protrusion part, and the inside of the protrusion part limits exhaust and converges part At least part so that the protrusion is point comparatively without thermal deformation.

Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cylinder head for internal combustion engine, which is provided with convex Go out part, the inside of the protrusion part limits at least part that exhaust converges part so that part can be converged in exhaust Advantageous sealing effect is kept between air exit and the device for being connected to it.

According to the present invention, which can realize by the way that offer is a kind of for the cylinder head 4 of internal combustion engine 1, the gas Cylinder cap be arranged limit one exhaust cylinder holes 2 cylinder block 3 top surface on, and the cylinder head with slidably connect The top surface cooperation for the piston 5 being contained in each cylinder-bore and limit combustion chamber 6, the inside of the cylinder head limits cylinder head water Set 50, it is characterised in that：The exhaust that is internally provided with of the cylinder head converges part 17 and multiple exhaust ports 16, each to be vented Port all has the upstream end towards corresponding combustion chamber opening, and the exhaust converges part and converges the multiple exhaust port It closes, and the air exit for being vented the longitudinally central portion opening for converging the side surface 4d for being partly comprised in the cylinder head 18, the part including at least the air exit for converging part that is vented from the side surface of the cylinder head by protruding Protrusion part 41 limit；And the lower surface of the protrusion part is provided with the side table toward and away from the cylinder head The flank 47 that face extends.

According to the structure, the wall for limiting protrusion part is protruded in depending portion from cylinder head, and flank prevents the depending portion Undesirable deformation.

According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the downstream of the protrusion part 41 is formed as air exit tubulose portion 42, and the free end in air exit tubulose portion is provided with for exhaust apparatus 19,31 to be fixed to the air exit At least one fastening protrusion of the free end of tube, and the flank from neighbouring cylinder head of the cylinder head with The interface of the cylinder block extends partially into the fastening protrusion.

In general, the exhaust apparatus of such as booster and catalyst converter directly or via connecting tube is connected to air exit The free end of tube, and fastening protrusion is usually provided with the hole for receiving bolt in centre, and the bolt will be for that will arrange Device of air is fixed to the free end in air exit tubulose portion, to ensure the Gao Gang in air exit tubulose portion together with flank Degree.Therefore, even if when the heat from engine and/or exhaust apparatus is born in the free end in air exit tubulose portion, flank Also prevent the undesirable deformation in air exit tubulose portion jointly with fastening protrusion.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the downstream of the protrusion part 41 is formed as air exit tubulose portion 42, and The free end in air exit tubulose portion is provided with for exhaust apparatus 19,31 to be fixed to air exit tubulose portion A pair of of fastening protrusion of the free end, the pair of fastening protrusion is distanced from one another cross to be opened and from the air exit tubulose The lower surface of the free end in portion is protruded, and a pair of ribs 47 extends to the neighbouring of the cylinder head from corresponding fastening protrusion should The part of cylinder head and the interface 4a of the cylinder block.

Therefore, the rigidity in air exit tubulose portion can be further improved.As flank should towards the neighbouring of cylinder head The part of the interface of cylinder head and cylinder block extends, and flank can be offset with one another or intersected with each other.In both cases, Air exit tubulose portion can advantageously be reinforced, to resist flexural deformation and torsional deflection.

According to cylinder head provided by the present invention, although in the internal at least part of protrusion for limiting exhaust and converging part Part is protruded in the form of depending portion or cantilever from the side surface of cylinder head, but the lower surface of protrusion part is formed in by providing On at least one flank, effectively prevent protrusion part deformation.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the engine provided as the first embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the engine of the cutting line II-II interceptions along Fig. 1；

Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of a part of Fig. 2；

Fig. 4 is the stereogram of cylinder head shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 5 is the front view of cylinder head shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 6 is the upward view of cylinder head shown in Fig. 1；

Fig. 7 is the sectional view of the amplification of the engine of the cutting line VII-VII interceptions along Fig. 5；

Fig. 8 is the sectional view of the amplification of the engine of the cutting line VIII-VIII interceptions along Fig. 5；

Fig. 9 is the stereogram of the first and second water jacket casting cores for first embodiment；

Figure 10 is the face upwarding stereogram of the dismantling of casting core shown in Fig. 9；

Figure 11 is the front view of casting core shown in Fig. 9；

Figure 12 is that the figure illustrated to the flowing of the cooling water in engine shown in Fig. 1 regards；

Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B are the figures illustrated to the flowing of the cooling water in lower exhaust water jacket shown in Fig. 9 Depending on；

Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B are the figures illustrated to the flowing of the cooling water in exhaust water jacket in top shown in Fig. 9 Depending on；

Figure 15 be by the different piece of the water jacket in cylinder head shown in Figure 12 the pressure loss with for compared with The chart that example is compared；

Figure 16 be by the different piece of the water jacket in cylinder head shown in Figure 12 flow rate with for compared with The chart that example is compared；

Figure 17 is the upward view of the cylinder head provided as the embodiment of modification；

Figure 18 is the upward view of the cylinder head provided as second embodiment；

Figure 19 is that the figure illustrated to the flowing of the cooling water in second embodiment regards；

Figure 20 is the front view for the engine being presented as the example for comparing；

Figure 21 is the section that the engine being presented as the example for comparing is intercepted along the cutting line XXI-XXI of Figure 20 Figure；And

Figure 22 is the front view of the casting core of the cylinder head provided as the example for comparing shown in Figure 20.

Specific implementation mode

Below with reference to accompanying drawings, the automobile internal engine (engine 1) for implementing the present invention is illustrated.

First embodiment

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, engine 1 is mainly made of tetra- valve inline four-cylinder engines of DOHC, and includes limiting The cylinder block 3 of four arrangement cylinder-bores 2 in a row, and it is attached to the box-like cylinder head 4 of the upper surface of cylinder block 3, it should Cylinder head extends perpendicular to cylinder-bore 2.Cylinder block 3 and cylinder head 4 are made of pack alloy.

In the following description, it is assumed that engine is oriented such that the axis (cylinder-bore axis) of each cylinder-bore 2 along vertical Vertical direction extends, and the exhaust side face forward of laterally disposed engine 1.However, when being installed on vehicle, hair The actual orientation of motivation 1 is not limited by the example.In the following description, for ease of description, vertical direction and front-rear direction by Arrow in Fig. 2 of this orientation based on engine 1 limits.For example, cylinder block 3 is located at 4 lower section of cylinder head.By in Fig. 1 Travel direction of the horizontal direction based on the vehicle for being equipped with engine 1 of arrow instruction.

Each cylinder-bore 2 slidably receives piston 5, and combustion chamber 6 be limited at piston 5 top surface and Between the bottom surface (surface downwards) limited relative to the mating surface 4a of cylinder block 3 by cylinder head 4.In the embodiment party shown In formula, the interface horizontal extension between cylinder head 4 and cylinder block 3, and although being not shown, for the boundary surface construction Washer be inserted between cylinder head 4 and cylinder block 3.

The lower surface of cylinder block 3 is attached with food tray (not shown), which receives the lubricating oil dripped from top.Gas Cylinder body 3 and food tray are collectively defined as receiving the crankcase for the bent axle being not shown.The upper end of cylinder head 4 is attached with cylinder Housing (not shown) so that for receiving the valve actuation chamber 9 of valve actuation mechanism 8 to be total to by cylinder head 4 and valve mechanism cover With restriction.That is, the upper surface of the bottom wall of cylinder head 4 limits the bottom surface 9a of valve actuation chamber 9.

A pair of of intake valve 10 and a pair of of air bleeding valve 11 are slidably kept by the cylinder head 4 of each cylinder.Valve Actuation chamber 9 receives admission cam shaft (not shown), intake rocker 12, exhaust cam shaft 13 and exhaust rocker arm 14.By by The valve actuation mechanism 8 that these components are formed, intake valve 10 and air bleeding valve 11 are activated or opened and closed by bent axle by bent axles.

Cylinder head 4 is internally provided with a pair of of air inlet port 15 and a pair of of exhaust port 16, and air inlet port is by each cylinder Corresponding air intake valve 10 open and close, exhaust port opens and closes by the corresponding drain tap 11 of each cylinder. Each air inlet port 15 has upstream end and downstream, and upstream end is in the air inlet side surface 4c for being limited at the rear side of cylinder head 4 Place is open, and corresponding combustion chamber 6 is led in downstream.Each exhaust port 16 has upstream end and downstream, and phase is led in upstream end The combustion chamber 6 answered, downstream are converged with other exhaust ports 16.More specifically, the exhaust for converging exhaust port 16 converges Part 17 is closed to be limited at (with reference to Fig. 6) in cylinder head 4.As shown in Figures 4 and 5, exhaust converges part 17 and has positioned at it The air exit 18 of downstream, the air exit 18 is in the longitudinal direction of exhaust side surface 4d for being limited at the front side of cylinder head 4 Between part it is open.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, booster (turbocharger) 19 of the downstream of air exit 18 is connected to by making It is directly installed on the exhaust side surface 4d of cylinder head 4 with bolt 20.Booster 19 is provided with turbine 23 and compressor 24, the two is by being used to receive the middle casing 22 of the laterally armature spindle 21 of (level) extension to connect.

Turbine 23 includes turbine cylinder 25, exhaust inlet pipe 26 and Outlet flange 27, and turbine cylinder is received attached Be connected to the turbine rotor (not shown) of the right end of armature spindle 21, exhaust inlet pipe from the rear surface of turbine cylinder 25 to Extend afterwards and there is the inlet flange 26a for limiting exhaust entrance, Outlet flange to be formed in turbine cylinder in its free end To limit air exit 27a in 25 right lateral surface.

Compressor 24 includes compressor housing 28, inlet flange 29 and gas entry outlet pipe 30, and compressor housing is received attached It is connected to the compressor drum (not shown) of the left end of armature spindle 21, the left side table in compressor housing 28 is arranged in inlet flange To limit entrance on face, gas entry outlet pipe, which extends downwardly and had from the bottom surface of compressor housing 28, is formed in its free end To limit the Outlet flange 30a of gas entry outlet.

The middle position that turbine 23 is located in cylinder head 4 relative to the direction of cylinder array (or is located in four The intermediate point of cylinder-bore 2).Compressor 24 is located at the left-hand side of cylinder head 4.The center of the air exit 27a of turbine 23 is located at The top of armature spindle 21, the interface of the axis of the armature spindle substantially between cylinder head 4 and cylinder block 3 are located at sustained height On.Therefore, the center of the air exit 27a of turbine 23 is located at the top of the mating surface 4a of cylinder head 4.As a result, in engine Front, the lower section of the air exit 27a of turbine 23 limits relatively large space.

The space exhaust cleaning devices 31, the exhaust cleaning devices are connected to the downstream of turbine 23.Exhaust gas cleaning Device 31 includes：Triple-effect catalytic unit 32, the triple-effect catalytic unit have be parallel to the flowing of exhaust in a manner of inclined to the left to The axis of lower extension；Exhaust inlet pipe 33, the exhaust inlet pipe is before entrance horizontal direction bending to the left from triple-effect catalytic unit 32 upper surface (upper surface is tilted down towards right side) is extended along the diagonally upward direction in a manner of being tilted to the right, and should Exhaust inlet pipe is provided with inlet flange 33a (limiting exhaust entrance) in its free end；Exhaust exit pipe 34, the air exit Pipe is extended downwardly from the lower end of triple-effect catalytic unit 32.Exhaust cleaning devices 31 along the orientation positions in the front of cylinder block 3, and Inlet flange 33a is secured to the Outlet flange 27 of turbine 23.

As shown in Figure 1, upper right quarter (that side of the exhaust side surface 4d of cylinder head 4) setting of the front surface of cylinder block 3 It is useful for the cooling water inlet 70a of block jacket 70 (Fig. 2).

As shown in fig. 6, exhaust converges part 17 and includes：Four first are converged part 17a, and each first converges portion confluence Two exhaust ports 16 of corresponding combustion chamber 6；Part 17b is converged in a pair of of upstream second, and part point is converged in these upstreams second Do not converge part 17a by the first of two right sides to merge together, and converges part 17a by the first of two left sides and merge in one It rises；And part 17c is converged in downstream second, the downstream second, which converges part part 17b is converged in two upstreams second, to be merged in Together, and in its exit region there is the cross section of constant.Exhaust converge part 17 be provided with it is tapered from combustion chamber 6 Plan view outer profile, to prevent the exhaust being discharged from each combustion chamber 6 from flowing into the exhaust port of adjacent combustion chamber 6, and And therefore reduce exhaust resistance.

However, the first major part for converging part 17a is formed in the region corresponding to the mating surface 4a of cylinder head 4, such as Seen in upward view (Fig. 4)；Part 17b is converged in upstream second and the cooperation that part 17c is located at cylinder head 4 is converged in downstream second The front of face 4a.That is, the antetheca of cylinder head 4 protrudes forward from cylinder block 3, therefore form depending portion.

The restriction first of the antetheca of cylinder head 4 converges part 17a and the part restriction ellipse of part 17b is converged in upstream second Shape profile, wherein middle section protrude more than end.The part that part 17c is converged in the restriction downstream second of cylinder head 4 is formed For tube, the part which converges part 17b from restriction upstream second is prominent forward (at exhaust side surface 4d).From Cylinder block 3 protrude with limit first converge part 17a, part 17b is converged in upstream second and the outstanding of part 17c is converged in downstream second Lappet will be referred to as protruding part 41 in the following description.According to this construction, protrusion part 41 can only limit exhaust and converge A part for part 17.For example, first converges part 17a or this first converges a part of of part and can be limited by suitably internal Being scheduled in cylinder head 4 or even upstream second and converging a part of part 17b can also be appropriately defined in cylinder head 4.Convex Go out in part 41, the part that part 17c is converged in restriction downstream second will be referred to as air exit tubulose portion 42.

At the mating surface 4a of cylinder head 4, for receiving the bolt that cylinder head 4 is fastened to cylinder block 3 (not show in figure Go out) bolt-through hole 4e between each pair of adjacent combustion chamber 6 and on the outside in each end combustion chamber 6 Ten position openings.In addition, at the mating surface 4a of cylinder head 4, multiple cooling water inlet 50a (Fig. 2) of cylinder head jacket 50 The entire side for substantially surrounding four cylinder-bores 2 (combustion chamber 6) at regular intervals is formed (so that cooling water inlet 50a Combination region it is basically the same for each cylinder-bore 2).

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, air exit tubulose portion 42 tilts upwards far from combustion chamber 6, and place has at its end Mounting surface 42a for connecting booster 19.Mounting surface 42a tilts (the vertical table towards front relative to cylinder-bore axis upwards Face).

Because air exit tubulose portion 42 constructs in the manner shown in Figure 2, it is connected to the supercharging of air exit 18 It device 19 and is connected to the emission-control equipment 31 held downstream and can be spaced apart with cylinder head 4 and cylinder block 3, fired without increasing Burn the distance between room 6 and booster 19 or without extending air exit tubulose portion 42 and the therefore size of increase cylinder head 4. It is therefore prevented that the temperature of the excess calories lifting cylinder lid 4 of booster 19 and emission-control equipment 31.

On the other hand, as can be found out from the example for comparing shown in Figure 20 and Figure 21, if air exit tubulose Portion 42 extends forward perpendicular to cylinder-bore axis, in order to which booster 19 is spaced apart with cylinder head 4 and cylinder block 3, exhaust exit pipe Shape portion 42 must be extended, to the size for increasing cylinder head 4 of having to, and the exhaust between combustion chamber 6 and booster 19 The increased length in channel hampers the response performance of booster 19.

With the example for compared on the contrary, according to the present invention, due to the acclivitous construction in air exit tubulose portion 42, Booster 19 can be spaced apart in the case where not increasing the size of cylinder head 4 with cylinder head 4.Moreover, by making air exit Tube 42 tilts upwards, and booster 19 can be placed on opposite for the example for comparing shown in Figure 21 At higher position, to improve the downstream for being connected to booster 19 emission-control equipment 31 (Fig. 1) performance.

More specifically, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the emission-control equipment 31 for being connected to the exhaust entrance 27a of turbine 23 is logical It crosses exhaust inlet pipe 33 to be bent downwardly, and is tilted by triple-effect catalytic unit 32, ensure that the appropriate of triple-effect catalytic unit 32 Performance.If the example for comparing of booster 19 as shown in figs. 20 and 21 is equally arranged, as the row of turbine 23 When gas entrance 27a is located at lower position, in order to make to have the triple-effect catalytic unit 32 of same performance to be placed on identical space It is interior, it has to which that the inclination angle for increasing triple-effect catalytic unit 32 to reduce the layout freedom of other ancillary equipments, and is had to The curvature of exhaust inlet pipe 33 is improved to the degree for making the smooth outflow of exhaust hindered.That is, in order to true Improve the smooth outflow of exhaust while protecting the layout freedom appropriate of ancillary equipment, it has to reduce triple-effect catalytic unit 32 Performance.However, by the way that air exit tubulose portion 42 is tilted upwards so that exhaust flowing Uniform Flow in catalyst converter, to The localized degradation of catalyst is avoided by reducing the bending angle of exhaust inlet pipe 33, and exhaust gas purification dress can be increased Set 31 performance.

Referring again to Fig. 3 to Fig. 5, be provided with around air exit 18 four of the free end in air exit tubulose portion 42 are tight Gu boss 43, for booster 19 to be fastened thereon.Two in fastening protrusion 43 are located at 18 top of air exit, and from row Gas exports lateral shift, and the other two in fastening protrusion is located at below air exit 18, and from air exit lateral shift.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the cylinder head jacket 50 of cylinder head 4 being internally provided with for cooling down cylinder head 4.Cylinder Lid water jacket 50 includes being arranged to converge the lower exhaust water jacket 53 below part 17 in exhaust and be arranged to converge on part 17 in exhaust The top of side is vented water jacket 54.

The mounting structure of booster 19 is explained below.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, fastening protrusion 43 integrally joins with wall 46 It connects, wall 46 separates valve actuation chamber 9 and top exhaust water jacket 54.For lightweight and the purpose of compact design, the wall It is less than fastening protrusion 43 on thickness, so that top fastening protrusion 43 is protruding to top exhaust water jacket 54 and valve actuation chamber In 9.

Since top fastening protrusion 43 is protruding in top exhaust water jacket 54 and valve actuation chamber 9, and especially protrude It is vented in water jacket 54 to top, therefore top fastening protrusion 43 is cooled in an efficient way, so as to avoid to the row of surrounding The damage of the sealing performance of the part of gas outlet 18.Since top fastening protrusion 43 is protruding in valve actuation chamber 9, it is therefore prevented that on Interference of the portion's fastening protrusion 43 to valve actuation chamber 9, while allowing booster in the case where not increasing the size of cylinder head 4 19 are placed on higher position.

As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, lower part fastening protrusion 43 is formed in the free end of the lower wall 42b in air exit tubulose portion 42 In.Due to the purpose for lightweight and compact design, lower wall 42b on thickness again smaller than fastening protrusion 43, so lower part is tight Gu boss 43 is protruded from the lower surface in air exit tubulose portion 42.Installation surface of the lower part fastening protrusion 43 relative to booster 19 42a is extended vertically.Therefore, as seen from following (Fig. 6), lower part fastening protrusion 43 extends along direction forwardly and rearwardly, and And its rear end is located at the middle position of the lower wall 42b in air exit tubulose portion 42 relative to direction forwardly and rearwardly.Also It is to say, fastening protrusion 43 extends only to the free end of protrusion part 41, and is not extend to base portion end side (portion of protrusion point 41 Point limiting upstream second converges part 17b) to be in protrude past cylinder block 3 in the form of depending portion.

As shown in Figure 6, the lower surface of protrusion part 41 is formed with a pair of ribs 47, this pair of ribs is from cylinder head 4 Corresponding fastening protrusion 43 is extended to the peripheral part of the mating surface 4a of the boundary of cylinder block 3.These flanks 47 along forward and to Direction afterwards extends or extends in a manner of toward and away from cylinder array, and when they extend to gas from fastening protrusion 43 It is offset with one another when the mating surface 4a of cylinder cap 4 having a common boundary with cylinder block 3.

As described above, booster 19 and emission-control equipment 31 are arranged in the front of cylinder block 3 and cylinder head 4, to make It obtains these devices and is heated to higher temperature after starting the engine 1.The protrusion part 41 of cylinder block 3 is protruded past, specifically Ground is the lower surface for protruding part, is born come automatic pressure intensifier 19 and emission-control equipment 31 by conduction, radiation and convection current Heat.When the lower surface for protruding part 41 is heated excessively, the thermal deformation of caused protrusion part 41 may be to cylinder Sealing between lid 4 and booster 19 adversely affects.However, in the embodiment as shown, being formed in protrusion part 41 Lower surface on flank 47 far from cylinder array extend, to prevent protrusion part 41 deformation.

Because booster 19 and emission-control equipment 31 are attached to the protrusion part 41 of cylinder head 4, protrusion part is acted on Load on 41 can cause the deformation for protruding part 41 at high temperature.However, since flank 47 is from the gas supported by cylinder block 3 The peripheral part of the mating surface 4a of cylinder cap 4 extends to lower part fastening protrusion 43, and the flank 47 and fastening protrusion 43 for being used as beam are cooperated, It is effectively improved the rigidity of protrusion part 41, to prevent the deformation of protrusion part 41 on the whole.

Due to being formed in two flanks 47 on the lower surface of protrusion part 41 from being formed in air exit tubulose portion 42 The lower part fastening protrusion 43 of both sides extends relative to the mating surface 4a of cylinder block 3 to offset with one another towards cylinder head 4, the two Flank 47 not only effectively prevents the flexural deformation in air exit tubulose portion 42, but also effectively prevents its torsion and become Shape.

As modification, flank 47 can be configured to form shown in Figure 17.In the embodiment of the modification, with from The mating surface 4a of two flanks 47 that two lower part fastening protrusions 43 extend towards cylinder head 4 having a common boundary with cylinder block 3 extends, this Two flanks are intersected with each other.Specifically, when the two flanks 47 are attached to the mating surface 4a of cylinder head 4 having a common boundary with cylinder block 3 When, distance that the two flanks are separated is big when being attached to each fastening protrusion 43 than them.The flank 47 of this construction Also effectively prevent protrusion part 41 toward and away from cylinder array direction and horizontal direction on deformation.

Cylinder head jacket 50 is described below with reference to Fig. 9 to Figure 11, those figures show for exhaust passage With the casting core 60 of cylinder head jacket 50.In these show the attached drawing of casting core 60, for the purpose for facilitating description, The number in the space for such as exhaust passage and water jacket has been used in identical attached drawing and is used for component or casting core 60 number.

As shown in Figures 9 to 11, cylinder head jacket 50 includes covering from above the main water sleeve 51 (Fig. 2) of combustion chamber 6 and enclosing Converge the exhaust side water jacket 52 (Fig. 6) of part 17 around exhaust.Exhaust side water jacket 52 includes that covering exhaust from below converges part 17 Lower exhaust water jacket 53 and cover from above exhaust converge part 17 top exhaust water jacket 54.

Exhaust port 16 (Fig. 5) and exhaust converge part 17 by being placed in the casting mould for casting cylinder cover 4 The formation of exhaust pipe casting core 61.Analogously, main water sleeve 51 and lower exhaust water jacket 53 are by 62 shape of the first water jacket casting core At.That is, main water sleeve 51 and lower exhaust water jacket 53 between each pair of adjacent combustion chamber 6 in addition to needing to avoid It communicates with each other (Fig. 6) in whole region except the part of three bolt through hole 4e.More specifically, lower exhaust water jacket 53 exists It is connected to main water sleeve 51 corresponding at the part of combustion chamber 6.Analogously, top is vented water jacket 54 by the second water jacket casting core 63 form.These cores 60 are mainly made of the sand grains hardened by adhesive, so that these cores 60 are by using type Core print seat 64 and be fixed in the position in casting mould, and be disassembled and remove after casting aerobic cylinder cap 4.

As the replacement of 18 arrangement of neighbouring air exit, the setting of core print 64 deviates to the right simultaneously from air exit 18 And it is relatively distant from three positions of air exit 18.Referring also to Fig. 6, near right core print 64 from corresponding to the first fluidic junction It is divided to the part (downstream for converging the exhaust passage of two exhaust ports 16) of the upstream end of 17a to extend to the right.Remaining two Core print 64 converges the extension (as seen in the forward and backward directions) forward of the laterally aligned parts part 17a from first, the One, which converges part 17a, converges two exhaust ports 17 being connected to the combustion chamber of right end 6.

The shape of each core print 64 is the bar with circular cross section, and is provided integrally at the second water jacket by utilizing Core print top 64b coverings on casting core 63 are provided integrally at the core print lower part on the first water jacket casting core 62 64a is formed.Core print lower part 64a is connected to the upper end for extending channel 53d, and the extension channel is from the front of lower exhaust water jacket 53 Edge is upright.Core print top 64b is connected to the leading edge 54f of top exhaust water jacket 54.Due to there are core print 64, passing through die casting The wall of the cylinder head 4 of formation shows through-hole 4f (with reference to Fig. 8), these through-holes are closed by plug 44, to ensure lower exhaust Connection between water jacket 53 and top exhaust water jacket 54.

That is, lower exhaust water jacket 53 and top exhaust water jacket 54 communicate with each other via vertical communicating passage 55, it should Vertical communicating passage includes the space limited by core print 64, and these vertical communicating passages 55 are used as lower exhaust water jacket 53 Cooling water outlet and top exhaust water jacket 54 cooling water inlet.

By utilizing the gap created by core print 64 to form vertical communicating passage 55 in this way, processing gas is eliminated Cylinder cap 5 and after having cast cylinder head closed-wall work step, to the quantity to work needed for reducing.

As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, from the part for being used to form main water sleeve 51 of the lower surface of the first water jacket casting core 62 It is downwardly projected cylinder body-cylinder cap communicating passage 56, cylinder body-cylinder cap communicating passage and the cooling water inlet 50a of cylinder head jacket 50 connect It passes to and cooling water drainage is gone out into block jacket 70 (Fig. 2).

Therefore, cooling water mainly flows as illustrated in fig. 12 in engine 1.More specifically, from cooling water inlet 70a quilts The cooling water being introduced into block jacket 70, in the main water sleeve for flowing into cylinder head jacket 50 via cylinder body-cylinder cap communicating passage 56 Before 51, the array of cylinder-bore 2 is first passed around.Then, cooling water flows through main water sleeve 51, with along perpendicular to the direction of cylinder array Combustion chamber 6 is flowed through, and flows into lower exhaust water jacket 53.Hereafter, cooling water is flowed via the vertical communicating passage 55 deviated to the right Enter top exhaust water jacket 54, and by before cooling water outlet 50b discharge cylinder head 4, flows through top exhaust from left to right Water jacket 54.

Referring again to Fig. 9 to Figure 11, main water sleeve 51 extends along the cylinder array direction for the profile for following combustion chamber 6, and There is smaller protrusion towards the upper end, while avoiding air inlet port 15 (Fig. 2), exhaust port 16 (Fig. 2) and for receiving fire The hole of Hua Sai.The bottom end of main water sleeve 51 is connected to cylinder body-cylinder cap communicating passage 56 of the entrance 50a as cylinder head jacket 50.

Other than covering exhaust from below and converging the planar portions 53c of part 17, lower exhaust water jacket 53 includes from planar portions The extension channel that the discharge side edge (extending along the exhaust side surface 4d of cylinder head 4) of 53c extends towards top exhaust water jacket 54 53d.As shown in Figures 2 and 3, extend channel 53d to converge from front (that side of the exhaust side surface 4d of cylinder head 4) covering exhaust Part 17 is closed, Fig. 3 is the enlarged view of the relevant portion of Fig. 2.

In general, in order to make the quantity of required casting core minimize, main water sleeve 51 and the lower part to communicate with each other are arranged Air water set 53 and top exhaust water jacket 54 are together, the same shown in the example for comparing as shown in Figure 22, are formed with Individually common water jacket casting core 65.Therefore, in order to make lower exhaust water jacket 53 and top be vented water jacket 54 be formed as from Above and below cover main water sleeve 51, need to make the side towards air exit 18 of water jacket casting core 65 all to open wide, with Allow exhaust pipe casting core 61 being inserted into from end.Therefore, exhaust can be covered from front and converges part 17.

On the other hand, according to the embodiment shown, as shown in Figures 9 to 11, it is used to form the casting of cylinder head jacket 50 Moulding core includes two parts, that is, is used to form the first water jacket casting core 62 of lower exhaust water jacket 53 and is used to form top It is vented the second water jacket casting core 63 of water jacket 54.Therefore, water can be vented by being formed to lower exhaust water jacket 53 and top The extension channel 53d of set 54 converges part 17 from front covering exhaust.

Due to being set in the discharge side edge (leading edge) of the lower exhaust water jacket 53 extended towards top exhaust water jacket 54 It is equipped with and extends channel 53d, the exhaust side surface 4d of cylinder head 4 is advantageously cooled, to prevent air exit tubulose portion 42 It overheats, the exhaust side surface of aforementioned cylinder head bears to carry out automatic pressure intensifier 19 and is connected to air exit tubulose subordinate You Duan's The heat of emission-control equipment 31 (Fig. 1).

With reference to Fig. 9 to Figure 11, lower exhaust water jacket 53 is additionally provided with pecker 53e, row of the pecker from planar portions 53c It is arranged along forward direction direction the part (or its laterally middle portion) corresponding to air exit 18 at gas side edge (leading edge) Gas outlet 18 extends.As shown in fig. 7, pecker 53e reaches the lower wall 42b in air exit tubulose portion 42, to cover from below Converge the outlet portion of part 17c in the downstream second of cross section with constant.In the figure 7, for the ease of being compared with Fig. 3 Compared with extension channel 53d is represented by the dotted line.

As described above, because the protrusion part 41 including air exit tubulose portion 42 extends beyond cylinder block 3, it is outstanding to be formed Lappet, therefore may draw even if from the heat of booster 19 and the emission-control equipment 31 for being connected to protrusion part downstream The lower wall 42b overheats for playing air exit tubulose portion 42, because lower exhaust water jacket 53, which is provided with, reaches air exit tubulose portion 42 Lower wall 42b at pecker 53e, therefore the lower wall 42b in air exit tubulose portion 42 can be advantageously cooled, to avoid The deformation in air exit tubulose portion 42.

As shown in Figures 9 to 11, the shape of top exhaust water jacket 54 is generally planar.Top is vented the leading edge of water jacket 54 54f (discharge side edge of cylinder head 4) is formed with the right-hand side of vertical communicating passage 55 (upstream side) along it and is provided with and upstream Second converges the outer profile (with reference to Fig. 6) for the ellipse that part 17b is consistent, and its surround the part of vertical communicating passage 55 into One step surrounds forward vertical communicating passage 55 and extends beyond cartouche.Meanwhile the leading edge 54f of top exhaust water jacket 54 Left-hand side (downstream side) is along the direction of cylinder array from corresponding to the cylinder array center line near preceding air exit 18 outstanding Property extend.

That is, as shown in plan view, the leading edge 54f of top exhaust water jacket 54 converges part in upstream second The outer profile (with reference to Fig. 6) that part 17b is converged in upstream second, and leading edge 54f are extended beyond in the whole length of 17b forward The distance for extending beyond the outer profile that part 17b is converged in upstream second increases from the midpoint of cylinder array towards left-hand side or downstream side Add.That is, top exhaust water jacket 54 positioned at the part of air exit 18 located immediately downstream, as shown in plan view, if It is equipped with from exhaust and converges the part that the outer profile of part 17 significantly extends.

Therefore, central point of the cross-sectional area of top exhaust water jacket 54 from upstream end (right end) to cylinder array gradually increases Add, and kept constant from the central point of cylinder array to region downstream, with corresponding to air exit 18 utmostly by The cross-sectional area (width) of the part of amplification is kept substantially unanimously, to which substantially rectangular wheel viewed from above be presented It is wide.That is, roughly planar top exhaust water jacket 54 cross-sectional area from the part corresponding to air exit 18 to Cooling water outlet 50b constants.The restriction of cylinder head converges the outer profile part 54c's significantly outstanding of part 17 from exhaust Wall 45 (Fig. 4 and Fig. 5) is more onwards protruded than aforementioned protrusion part 41, and the size of cylinder head 4 is then to minimize.

Flowing of the above-mentioned cooling water in cylinder head jacket 50 will below in reference to Figure 13 A and Figure 13 B and Figure 14 A and Figure 14 B are more specifically described.

3A referring to Fig.1, the cooling water inlet of cylinder head jacket 50 related to cylinder head jacket 51 and lower exhaust water jacket 53 50a is formed in main water sleeve 51, and the vertical communicating passage 55 of the cooling water outlet as lower exhaust water jacket 53 is formed in The right-hand sections of the leading edge 53f of lower exhaust water jacket 53.Therefore, as shown in the white arrow in Figure 13 A, cooling water tilts Ground flows through main water sleeve 51 and lower exhaust water jacket 53.

On the other hand, in the example shown in Figure 13 B for comparing, the cooling water as lower exhaust water jacket 53 goes out The either side that the vertical communicating passage 55 of mouth is adjacent to air exit 18 is arranged on the leading edge 53f of lower exhaust water jacket 53, So that from the cooling water that the cooling water inlet 50a of cylinder head jacket 50 is introduced towards the vertical communicating passage of left-hand side 55 flowings, and the cooling waters introduced from the cooling water inlet 50a corresponding to two right-hand side cylinder-bores 2 are towards right-hand side Vertical communicating passage 55 flows.Therefore, in the part of the air exit 18 of the midpoint positioned at cylinder array, although There are higher heat concentration, cooling water to be intended to stagnate in the region.Therefore, poor cooling effect may be implemented in the region Fruit.In addition, the cooling effect of difference leads to the activity boiling in the region, it is known that activity boiling there is corrosion to make adjacent material With.

On the contrary, in Figure 13 A for showing present embodiment, from the cooling water of the cylinder-bore 2 corresponding to left end The cooling water that entrance 50a is introduced flows through combustion chamber 6, into lower exhaust water jacket 53, then along lower exhaust water jacket 53 Leading edge 53f flowings.It is therefore prevented that cooling water stops neighbouring in the region of the air exit 18 of the midpoint of cylinder array Stagnant, which may bear high temperature, to avoid the risk corroded caused by the boiling of cooling water.

It, can be with moreover, because vertical communicating passage 55 is arranged at the position of relative shift on the right side of air exit 18 The stagnation of the cooling water in the part between vertical communicating passage 55 and air exit 18 is avoided, so that around row The region of gas outlet 18 can be advantageously cooled.

It is described referring to Figure 14 A and Figure 14 the B flowings being vented in water jacket 54 on top to cooling water.Institute as above It states, left-hand side of the cooling water residing for from the right-hand side residing for vertical communicating passage 55 to cooling water outlet 50b flows through top exhaust Water jacket 54.As shown in the arrow in Figure 14 A, until cylinder array midpoint right side region in, planar top The width of water jacket 54 is vented with the raising of the flow rate for the cooling water supplied by vertical communicating passage 55 and towards downstream It gradually increases, and becomes constant forward since corresponding to the part of air exit 18.Therefore, such as the arrow institute in attached drawing Show, the flowing velocity of cooling water is vented constant in water jacket 54 on entire top.

On the other hand, if the width of planar top exhaust water jacket 54 along downstream direction from corresponding to air exit The outer profile that 18 part starts to converge with exhaust part 17 gradually decreases with being consistent, as shown in Figure 14 B, then due to channel Narrow, speed of the cooling water in the region of leading edge 54f reduces, and goes out so that surrounding the exhaust being especially exposed under high temperature The region of mouth 18 is poorly cooled down.

On the contrary, according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 14 A, (the figure other than being configured to avoid the rear end of bolt-through hole 4e 6), cooling water is flowed with even speed in the front that planar top is vented water jacket 54, without there is significant stagnate.Cause This, the part of air exit 18 that the encirclement of the leading edge 54f of top exhaust water jacket 54 is especially exposed under high temperature can be had Effect ground is cooling.

Vertical communicating passage 55 will be described more particularly below now.As shown in figure 9, vertical communicating passage The leading edge 54f of 55 ellipses for being vented water jacket 54 from top extends forward.As shown in Fig. 8, Figure 10 and Figure 11, in lower exhaust In water jacket 53, cartouche direction exhaust side surface 4d of the vertical communicating passage 55 from the extension channel of lower exhaust water jacket 53 Prominent, the outer profile that the cartouche in the extension channel of lower exhaust water jacket 53 converges part 17 with exhaust is formed with being consistent. Vertical communicating passage 55 is less than the height for extending channel 53d along cylinder-bore axis from channel 53d height outstanding is extended.

When vertical communicating passage 55 protrudes on being vented side surface 4d from extension channel 53d, it is therefore prevented that lower exhaust water The cross-sectional area of cooling-water duct between set 53 and vertical communicating passage 55 is reduced suddenly, to make in cylinder head jacket 50 The pressure loss minimize.When vertical communicating passage 55 is by using channel 53 is extended as part of it formation, vertically connect The passage length of circulation passage 55 can be minimized, and can ensure the flow rate from the cooling water for extending channel 53d It is enough the exhaust side surface 4d of cooling cylinder head 4.

Figure 15 is in arrangement according to the invention and according between the exemplary arrangement for comparing, in cylinder head jacket 50 In, pressure is damaged at lower exhaust water jacket 53, vertical communicating passage 55, top exhaust water jacket 54 and cooling water outlet 50b Mistake is compared, and in the example for comparing, vertical communicating passage 55 is not from extension channel 53d protrusions.It can be with such as from figure Understand, in cylinder head jacket 50 according to the present invention, although at lower exhaust water jacket 53 and top exhaust water jacket 54 The pressure loss than slightly larger in the example for comparing, but whole pressure losses in vertical communicating passage 55 be much smaller than for than Compared with example in the pressure loss so that the pressure loss of entire water jacket is significantly less than the pressure in the example for comparing Loss.

Figure 16 is shown according to the present invention and according to the example for comparing, the flow rate of cooling water and required use Relationship between the pump output pressure of cylinder head jacket 50, in the example for comparing, vertical communicating passage 55 is not from prolonging Stretch channel 53d protrusions.In the chart, block curve indicates that cylinder head jacket 50 according to the present invention, dashed curve instruction are used In the example compared.The output characteristics of chain-dotted line curve instruction pump.Pump is operated with constant speed 7800rpm.It such as can be from figure 16 understandings, the exemplary flow of cooling water rate for comparing is only 120L/min, and the flow of cooling water rate of the present invention For 170L/min.

Therefore, by minimizing whole pressure losses in cylinder head jacket 50, the cooling water of cylinder head jacket 50 is flowed through Flow rate can be maximized, and can effectively cool down cylinder head 4.

Second embodiment

Second embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to Figure 18 and Figure 19.It is right in Figure 18 and Figure 19 It should be indicated with similar reference numeral the part of part those of in first embodiment, without being retouched written accordingly Repeated description is carried out to these parts in stating.

In this embodiment, as shown in figure 18, the cooling water inlet 50a of cylinder head jacket 50 is more preferably disposed in often Air inlet side in main water sleeve 51 is arranged in the air inlet side of a combustion chamber 6, reaches degree more more obvious than first embodiment.More Body, being arranged will be less than in the cooling water inlet 50a of exhaust side and/or less than being arranged in the cooling water inlet of air inlet side.Also It is to say, the air inlet side of cooling water inlet 50a towards main water sleeve 51 deviates.Cooling water inlet 50a used herein " is preferably set Set in air inlet side " or the statement of " being deviated towards air inlet side " indicate that the area of cooling water inlet 50a for being formed in air inlet side is more than It is formed in the area of the cooling water inlet of exhaust side.

By forming cooling water inlet 50a in this way, as shown in figure 19, substantially from being formed in block jacket 70 Before the array of the 70a whole cooling waters that introduce in cooling water inlet towards air inlet side around cylinder-bore 2 of (exhaust) side flow, And the main water sleeve 51 of cylinder head jacket 50 is flowed into via cylinder body-cylinder cap communicating passage 56 (cooling water inlet 50a).Then, when cold But water is when combustion chamber 6 is flowed through in the forward position for flowing into lower exhaust water jacket 53 perpendicular to the direction of cylinder array, cooling water cooling combustion Burn room 6.The subsequent flowing of cooling water is identical with first embodiment.

Therefore, by deviating cylinder body-cylinder cap communicating passage 56 towards the air inlet side of main water sleeve 51, it is introduced into cylinder head jacket Most cooling water in 50 flows through main water sleeve 51 towards lower exhaust water jacket 53, so that surrounding the part of combustion chamber 6 (cylinder block encirclement combustion chamber 6 part and cylinder head 4 the part immediately above positioned at combustion chamber 6) can most effectively by It is cooling.When choosing this construction, preferably increase the area of cooling water inlet 70a, to compared with first embodiment, subtract Few pressure loss.

Since the cooling water inlet 70a of block jacket 70 is arranged in exhaust side, and cylinder body -56 court of cylinder cap communicating passage It is deviated to the air inlet side of main water sleeve 51, therefore the most of cooling water being introduced into block jacket 70 from cooling water inlet 70a exists Array before flowing into cylinder body-cylinder cap communicating passage 56 around cylinder-bore 2 flows, so that the part for surrounding cylinder-bore 2 can To be cooled efficiently.Although cylinder body-cylinder cap communicating passage 56 towards air inlet side deviate, when cylinder body-cylinder cap communicating passage 56 with When the interval of rule is formed along cylinder array, cooling water can equably cool down entire combustion chamber 6 from main water sleeve 51.

The modification of embodiment

The present invention is illustrated by specific embodiment, but the embodiment that is not shown of the present invention Limitation, and can be changed in the case of without departing from the spirit of the present invention in different parts.For example, aforementioned embodiments For four valve in-line four cylinder petrol engine of automobile, but be applied equally to for other purposes other kinds of starts Machine.In the foregoing embodiment, it is provided only with an air exit 18, however two air exits, Mei Gepai can also be set Gas outlet is used for corresponding two adjacent cylinders.Specific structure, arrangement, quantity and the angle of different components can be not inclined It is arbitrarily changed in the case of from spirit of that invention.Moreover, all different components of engine in the embodiment shown for It is not necessary for the present invention, it may be necessary to be removed.

Reference numerals list

1 engine

2 cylinder-bores

3 cylinder block

4 cylinder head

4a mating surfaces

4d is vented side surface

5 pistons

6 combustion chambers

16 exhaust ports

17 exhausts converge part

18 air exits

19 boosters

41 protrusion parts

42 air exit tubulose portions

43 fastening flanks

47 flanks

50 cylinder head jackets

Claims

1. a kind of cylinder head for internal combustion engine, which is arranged the top surface in the cylinder block for limiting an exhaust cylinder holes On, and the cylinder head and the top surface cooperation of piston that is slidably received in each cylinder-bore and limit combustion Room is burnt, the inside of the cylinder head limits cylinder head jacket, it is characterised in that：

The exhaust that is internally provided with of the cylinder head converges part and multiple exhaust ports, and each exhaust port all has towards phase The upstream end for the combustion chamber opening answered, the exhaust converges part and converges the multiple exhaust port, and the exhaust converges The air exit of the longitudinally central portion opening for the side surface for being partly comprised in the cylinder head is closed, the exhaust converges part Including at least the air exit part by being limited from the side surface of cylinder head protrusion outstanding part；And

The lower surface of the protrusion part is provided with the flank extended toward and away from the exhaust cylinder holes,

Wherein, the downstream of the protrusion part is formed as air exit tubulose portion, and air exit tubulose portion from At least one fastening that the free end for exhaust apparatus to be fixed to air exit tubulose portion is provided with by end is convex Platform,

Wherein, air exit tubulose portion tilts upwards far from the combustion chamber, and has for connecting in its free end The mounting surface of the exhaust apparatus is connect, the mounting surface tilts upwards relative to cylinder-bore axis,

Wherein, at least one fastening protrusion includes a pair of of fastening protrusion, and the pair of fastening protrusion is distanced from one another cross to be opened And it is protruded from the lower surface of the free end in air exit tubulose portion, and the flank includes from corresponding fastening Boss extends to a pair of ribs of neighbouring cylinder head and the part of the interface of the cylinder block of the cylinder head, and

Wherein, as the pair of flank is towards the institute of the neighbouring cylinder head and the interface of the cylinder block of the cylinder head Part extension is stated, the pair of flank is offset with one another.

2. a kind of cylinder head for internal combustion engine, which is arranged the top surface in the cylinder block for limiting an exhaust cylinder holes On, and the cylinder head and the top surface cooperation of piston that is slidably received in each cylinder-bore and limit combustion Room is burnt, the inside of the cylinder head limits cylinder head jacket, it is characterised in that：

Wherein, as the pair of flank is towards the institute of the neighbouring cylinder head and the interface of the cylinder block of the cylinder head Part extension is stated, the pair of flank is intersected with each other.

3. the cylinder head according to claim 1 or 2 for internal combustion engine, wherein the center of the fastening protrusion is It is provided with the hole for receiving bolt, the bolt is used to the exhaust apparatus being fixed to the institute in air exit tubulose portion State free end.