CN103952601B - A kind of high conductivity heat-resisting aluminium alloy of alkaline including earth metal - Google Patents

A kind of high conductivity heat-resisting aluminium alloy of alkaline including earth metal Download PDF

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CN103952601B
CN103952601B CN201410178710.3A CN201410178710A CN103952601B CN 103952601 B CN103952601 B CN 103952601B CN 201410178710 A CN201410178710 A CN 201410178710A CN 103952601 B CN103952601 B CN 103952601B
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earth metal
aluminium alloy
heat
alloy
aluminum
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CN103952601A (en
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韩钰
陈新
杨富尧
马光
祝志祥
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
North China Electric Power University
State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
Smart Grid Research Institute of SGCC
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
North China Electric Power University
State Grid Henan Electric Power Co Ltd
Smart Grid Research Institute of SGCC
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Abstract

The invention provides the heat-resisting aluminum alloy materials of a kind of alkaline including earth metal, belong to power industry transmission line of electricity aerial condutor technical field.The aluminum alloy materials that the present invention provides is by 0.01~the zirconium of 0.16%, 0.01~the silicon of 0.2%, 0.01~the boron of 0.2%, the ferrum of 0.05 0.15%, 0.01~the alkali earth metal of 4.0%, surplus is aluminum and inevitable impurity composition, and the aluminium alloy conductivity prepared is not less than 61.5%IACS, heat resisting temperature >=120 DEG C, can be used for manufacturing transmission line of electricity aerial condutor.

Description

A kind of high conductivity heat-resisting aluminium alloy of alkaline including earth metal
[technical field]
The present invention relates to a kind of transmission line of electricity aerial condutor material, in particular relate to the high-conductive heat-resistant aluminum of a kind of alkaline including earth metal Alloy.
[background technology]
Existing steel-cored aluminium strand duralumin conductor material is made, hard aluminum wire used by China's national standard and IEC standard regulation Conductivity answers >=61%IACS, tensile strength >=158MPa, elongation percentage >=1.7%.Due to the restriction of thermostability, general provision steel The longtime running temperature of core aluminum stranded wire is 70 DEG C.For expanding transmission system, city net, the improvement project of rural power grids must increase existing steel The conductor cross-section of core aluminum stranded wire, reconstructs shaft tower, and the transformation of the power network line of resident compact district is difficult to realize.Therefore, make Replace the capacity-improving conducting wires of same cross-sectional area with the aluminium alloy conductor of heat resistance to strengthen transmission capacity and become existing power network line and change Make one of technological means conventional in engineering.
Heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire is the extraordinary capacity expansion conducting wire of a kind of function admirable, uses Large Copacity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire to carry out existing Circuit extending capacity reformation, reduces as far as possible and does not even change shaft tower, can not only improve the conveying capacity of power network line, moreover it is possible to reduce engineering Overall cost.Using alumite wire running temperature can be promoted to more than 120 DEG C, current-carrying capacity improves more than 40%.Existing skill Art used already heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire to improve the transmission capacity of transmission line of electricity, it is thus achieved that good economic benefit.Both at home and abroad Applied research all show, newly-built circuit use heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire replace same specification common steel-core-aluminium hinge line can save line Road investment 5%~8%, can increase the transmission capacity of circuit simultaneously.
Along with the increase day by day of electricity needs, it is shared in transmission line construction especially urban network restructuring for heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire Share will be stepped up.The heat-resisting aluminium alloy that heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire uses, its conductivity is generally 60%IACS (20 DEG C), Compared with the low 1%IACS of conductivity of steel-cored aluminium strand duralumin conductor material (conductivity 61%IACS (20 DEG C)), cause circuit Loss increase by 1.5%, this is that current heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire fails the key factor of large-area applications.Therefore, higher load is being ensured While flow, how to improve the conductivity of heat-resisting aluminium alloy, reduce transmission of electricity line loss, be that current heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire is the most urgent The technical need cut.
Based on above research and application background, need a kind of aluminium alloy that can be used in manufacturing high-conductive heat-resistant aluminium alloy conductor of research and development badly Raw material, to solve to improve the temperature resistance problem of aluminium alloy conductor.
[summary of the invention]
For solving the technical barrier because causing conductivity to reduce while improving transmission line of electricity aluminium alloy conductor thermostability and intensity, The invention provides a kind of high conductivity of transmission line of electricity aerial condutor, high-fire resistance aluminum alloy materials in power industry, logical Cross control multicomponent alloy content so that the conductivity of prepared wire monofilament is higher than 61.5%IACS (20 DEG C), heat resisting temperature >=120 DEG C, intensity reaches more than 160MPa, and after 210 DEG C of heating 1 hour, intensity remnants leads more than 90%.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
The invention provides a kind of conductivity >=61.5%IACS, the aluminium alloy of heat resisting temperature >=120 DEG C alkaline including earth metal, by quality Percentages, aluminium alloy includes:
Zirconium: 0.01~0.16%, silicon: 0.01~0.2%, boron: 0.01~0.2%, ferrum: 0.05-0.15%, alkaline-earth metal: 0.01~4.0%, Surplus is aluminum and inevitable impurity.The high conductivity heat-resistant aluminium alloy material of a kind of alkaline including earth metal that the present invention provides, its Middle alkali earth metal is calcium, barium or strontium.
The high conductivity heat-resisting aluminium alloy of a kind of alkaline including earth metal that the present invention provides, wherein alkali earth metal is calcium, barium or strontium In the combination in any of one or more elements.
In the high conductivity heat-resisting aluminium alloy of a kind of alkaline including earth metal that the present invention provides, alkali earth metal is calcium, and its content is 0.1~1.0%;Alkali earth metal is barium, and its content is 0.1~1.5%;Alkali earth metal is strontium, and its content is 0.01~3.5%.
The invention provides the manufacture method of a kind of aluminum alloy materials, the high conductivity of the alkaline including earth metal present invention provided is heat-resisting Aluminum alloy materials joins in the fine aluminium ingot of fusing by each element of proportioning, stirs, at 700~760 DEG C after dehydrogenation, slagging-off Keep 50~60 minutes.
The invention provides a kind of aluminium alloy and prepare the method for monofilament and be: after mould being heated to 200 DEG C~250 DEG C insulations 20 minutes Carry out aluminum liquid casting, extruded.
Each alloys producing and mechanism that the present invention uses are as follows:
Zr: the heat resistance of cond aluminium to be improved must try to prevent the minimizing of alloy distortional strain energy, thus prevents aluminium alloy strong Degree is unlikely to decline because temperature raises.The addition of appropriate zirconium can be obviously improved the heat resistance of aluminium alloy, mainly due to zirconium atom Radius ratio aluminum atomic radius is bigger, and zirconium is diffused with substitute mode in aluminum, and its diffusion activation energy is high, to sub-crystal grain limit Boundary separates out trickle Al3Zr phase, and it is difficult to agglomeration, and stability is high, the generation of suppression recrystallization, at a higher temperature Still can effectively pinning dislocation and crystal boundary, hinder deformation and intracrystalline and Grain Boundary Sliding, make creep resistance be improved, so that aluminum The heat resistance of alloy is improved.Meanwhile, the addition of zirconium can improve the creep-resistant property of aluminium alloy, enables aluminum alloy at height Also only have the least creep elongation under temperature, therefore, it is possible to make overhead transmission line spacing between power transmission tower bar increase, and protect Hold the pendency degree that aluminium alloy conductor is less.
Si: silicon essentially from the silicon dioxide in bauxite or silicate, is one of the most common alloying element of aluminium alloy, silicon Casting character and the welding mobility of aluminium alloy can be improved, moreover it is possible to enable aluminum alloy to higher mechanical property, due to it in the alloy Some compounds can be formed, make alloy become heat-treatable strengthened.
The solid solubility of silicon is bigger than ferrum, and when eutectic temperature, (577 DEG C) its solid solubility is 1.650%, also is able to reach 0.05% during room temperature. It is generally acknowledged that the impurity existed with solid solution state is bigger than the impact separating out state on the impact of conductor resistance rate, pretend as basic impurity element Silicon big more on the impact of aluminium conductor resistivity than ferrum, become the topmost impurity element affecting aluminium conductor electric conductivity.With Time, due to the aluminum ore natural conditions of China, the aluminium ingot silicon content produced the most all more than 0.08%, this The aluminium wire resistivity that Ye Shi China produces always one of cause of fluctuation near IEC standard, therefore we want strictly control The content of silicon in electrician's aluminium ingot processed.
Fe: containing a certain amount of ferrum in aluminum, be a kind of major impurity in rafifinal.Because the instrument that melting and casting use is all Being steel or cast iron, ferrum will be brought in aluminum by these instruments, and when remelting waste material, then can be mixed into ferrum and iron filings.Ferrum Mechanical property to casting aluminum is harmful, because it generally occurs with a thick crystal, or with aluminum-ferrum-silicon compound shape Formula exists, and they the most all improve the hardness of aluminum, but make the plasticity of aluminum reduce.Current research shows, ferrum can carry High aluminium conductor intensity, does not significantly reduce its electric conductivity.But also there is data to show in actual production, the Fe/Si in aluminium conductor Than should be 1.3~1.5, too high, its resistivity can be made significantly to raise, so it should also be noted that controlling the content of ferrum.
Ca, Ba, Sr: the interpolation of alkali earth metal Ca, Ba, Sr can generate small and dispersed with Fe, Si element reaction Compound, on the one hand replaced out due to Fe, the Si in Al, make Fe, Si form with precipitated phase rather than the shape of solid solution Formula exists, and will significantly improve the electric conductivity of aluminium alloy, reduces resistivity;On the other hand due to the distribution of precipitated phase fine uniform, The effect of crystal grain thinning can be played, it is ensured that while aluminum bar elongation percentage is higher, improve the intensity of aluminium alloy.
B: the addition at aluminium conductor zirconium can be obviously improved the heat resistance of alloy, but the addition of zirconium also can be to the electric conductivity of alloy Have a negative impact, there are some researches show in the aluminium alloy containing zirconium, add appropriate boron, can be on the premise of ensureing alloy thermostability Improve its electric conductivity.Boron forms ZrB2 compound with the zirconium in aluminium alloy, owing to compound disperses distribution and granule are less, therefore ZrB2 cannot function as the nucleating center of Al atom, alloy will not be produced Grain Refinement Effect, not increase crystal boundary, thus reduce The negative effect that the electric conductivity of alloy is produced by zr element.But the aluminium alloy containing zirconium is had certain crystal grain thin by the addition of excess boron Change effect, but it can make alloy high-temp intensity reduce, and makes alloy thermostability be deteriorated.
Compared with the existing technology, the method have the advantages that
1) due to the fact that and with the addition of alkali earth metal, improve conductivity and the intensity of aluminium alloy;
2) aluminum alloy materials that the present invention provides uses alkali earth metal, instead of the most conventional expensive rare earth element added, Save cost;
3) use the mode of conventionally fabricated aluminium alloy conductor and prepared wire up to more than 160MPa, 210 DEG C are heated 1 hour Rear intensity remnants leads more than 90%.
The present invention uses microalloying, controls multiple alloying element content, and uses alkali-earth metal modified, manufactures and has conductivity The heat-resisting aluminium alloy monofilament of >=61.5%IACS, by replacing rare earth to reduce cost, for preparing high-conductive heat-resistant with alkaline-earth metal Aluminium alloy conductor provides raw material basis, makes heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire reach to improve transmission capacity, the purpose of reduction transmission line loss, Thus meet large capacity transmission circuit and the construction demand of city extending capacity reformation.The present invention provide technical scheme without heat treatment, Save cost;The present invention is by the dispersion-strengtherning between alloy, and prepared wire conductivity is high, it is possible to reduce the damage of transmission line of electricity Consumption.
[detailed description of the invention]
All embodiments are all to use existing smelting and extrusion equipment, carry out according to the step above described:
Embodiment 1
Aluminum alloy materials, component proportion is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 constituent content proportioning
Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 Sample 6 Sample 7
Zr 0.08% 0.07% 0.15% 0.04% 0.53% 0.6% 0.07%
Si 0.03% 0.1% 0.05% 0.04% 0.07% 0.09% 0.06%
B 0.05% 0.15% 0.08% 0.03% 0.02% 0.01% 0.06%
Fe 0.05% 0.12% 0.07% 0.06% 0.09% 0.13% 0.08%
Ca 0.45% 0.45% 0.85% -- 1.0% -- --
Sr 1.3% 3% -- 1.5% -- 1.2% --
Ba -- -- 0.3% 0.4% -- -- 2.4%
Al Surplus Surplus Surplus Surplus Surplus Surplus Surplus
Embodiment 2 prepares aluminium alloy monofilament
Purity is the fine aluminium ingot fusing of 99.7%, adds each alloying element, makes their final content as it appears from the above, alloying element It is to add with the form of intermediate alloy.Use aluminum anodizing agent that aluminum liquid carries out dehydrogenation, slagging-off carries out refine, and uses blender Being stirred aluminum liquid, make alloying element full and uniformization, alloying temperature is 700 DEG C~760 DEG C, keeps 50~60 minutes; Cylindrical mild steel mould is heated, prevents mold temperature and temperature of aluminum liquid from having big difference to cause in aluminum liquid casting cycle and cause Shrinkage cavity, mould is heated to 200 DEG C~250 DEG C and is incubated 20 minutes, then carries out aluminum liquid casting, be cast into the post of Ф 80~200mm Ingot, is finally squeezed into the round aluminum bar of Ф 9.5mm.Use conventional aluminium monofilament preparation technology, by extruder, aluminium alloy rod is entered Row extruding, the pole stock that will be extruded into, join mould successively, high speed wiredrawing bench carries out cold-drawn wire.Survey after heating 1 hour at 210 DEG C Examination intensity remnants leads.The aluminium alloy single filament test preparing each sample the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 each sample test result
Sample 1 Sample 2 Sample 3 Sample 4 Sample 5 Sample 6 Sample 7
Conductivity (IACS) 61.54% 61.51% 61.60% 61.20% 61.22% 61.35% 61.40%
Hot strength (MPa) 161 165 162 164 163 167 162
Heat resisting temperature (DEG C) 120 120 120 120 120 120 120
Elongation percentage (%) 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0
Intensity remnants leads > 90% > 90% > 90% > 90% > 90% > 90% > 90%
Embodiment 3-purity is the fine aluminium ingot of 99.7%, adds each alloying element, makes their final content as it appears from the above, alloy Element is to add with the form of intermediate alloy.The Aluminum alloy round bar of a diameter of 9.5mm is formed through casting.Use conventional aluminium monofilament Preparation technology, is extruded aluminium alloy rod by extruder, the pole stock that will be extruded into, and joins mould successively, enterprising at high speed wiredrawing bench Row cold-drawn wire, conductivity is 61.60%IACS, and test intensity is 162MPa, at 210 DEG C be incubated 1 hour, more than former by force The 90% of degree.

Claims (6)

1. conductivity >=61.5%IACS, the aluminium alloy of heat resisting temperature >=120 DEG C alkaline including earth metal, it is characterised in that: press Mass percent, described aluminium alloy includes:
Zirconium: 0.01~0.16%, silicon: 0.01~0.2%, boron: 0.01~0.2%, ferrum: 0.05-0.15%, alkaline-earth metal: 0.3~4.0%, Surplus is aluminum and inevitable impurity;
Described alkali earth metal is the combination in any of one or more elements in calcium, barium or strontium.
The high conductivity heat-resisting aluminium alloy of a kind of alkaline including earth metal the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described alkaline earth Metallic element is calcium;The content of described calcium is 0.45~1.0%.
The high conductivity heat-resisting aluminium alloy of a kind of alkaline including earth metal the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described alkaline earth Metallic element is barium;The content of described barium is 0.3~1.5%.
The high conductivity heat-resisting aluminium alloy of a kind of alkaline including earth metal the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described alkaline earth Metallic element is strontium;The content of described strontium is 1.2~3.5%.
5. the manufacture method of an aluminium alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described method is: by described each unit Element joins in the fine aluminium ingot of fusing, stirs, keep 50~60 minutes at 700~760 DEG C after dehydrogenation, slagging-off.
6. one kind utilizes the method that monofilament prepared by alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described method is: Aluminum liquid casting is carried out after mould being heated to 200 DEG C~250 DEG C insulations 20 minutes, extruded.
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CN107557618B (en) * 2017-08-30 2020-03-31 中南大学 Low-resistance temperature-sensitive high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy and preparation process and application thereof
CN107447135B (en) * 2017-08-30 2020-07-17 中南大学 Al-Yb-B conductive aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof
CN110726679A (en) * 2019-09-26 2020-01-24 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Method for rapidly judging linear performance of hard aluminum overhead transmission line
CN113957301B (en) * 2021-10-28 2022-11-08 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 Aluminum alloy monofilament and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007302988A (en) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd High purity aluminum wire and its production method
CN102363849A (en) * 2011-10-26 2012-02-29 华北电力大学 Large-capacity non-heat treated high-conductivity aluminum alloy conductive material
CN103045915A (en) * 2012-12-14 2013-04-17 国网智能电网研究院 High conductivity moderately strong heat-resistant aluminum alloy monofilament and preparation method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007302988A (en) * 2006-05-15 2007-11-22 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd High purity aluminum wire and its production method
CN102363849A (en) * 2011-10-26 2012-02-29 华北电力大学 Large-capacity non-heat treated high-conductivity aluminum alloy conductive material
CN103045915A (en) * 2012-12-14 2013-04-17 国网智能电网研究院 High conductivity moderately strong heat-resistant aluminum alloy monofilament and preparation method thereof

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