CN103927987B - 像素电路和显示装置 - Google Patents

像素电路和显示装置 Download PDF

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CN103927987B
CN103927987B CN201410132073.6A CN201410132073A CN103927987B CN 103927987 B CN103927987 B CN 103927987B CN 201410132073 A CN201410132073 A CN 201410132073A CN 103927987 B CN103927987 B CN 103927987B
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CN103927987A (zh
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王颖
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
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Priority to US14/434,663 priority patent/US9984629B2/en
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    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
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    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
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    • G09G2300/0861—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor with additional control of the display period without amending the charge stored in a pixel memory, e.g. by means of additional select electrodes
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种像素电路和显示装置。所述像素电路包括像素驱动电路和用于为该像素驱动电路提供显示数据的显示数据输入电路，该显示数据输入电路包括选通输入单元；选通输入单元用于当行扫描信号有效时，通过数据线向像素驱动电路分时提供红色显示数据、绿色显示数据和蓝色显示数据；所述数据线与阻容单元并联；该显示数据输入电路还包括：数据线置位单元在选通输入单元通过数据线向像素驱动电路提供红色显示数据、绿色显示数据或蓝色显示数据后，通过将数据线上的电压置为参考电压，通过阻容单元释放该数据线中残留的显示数据，该参考电压的电压值小于预定值。本发明可以避免数据线上的残留电压造成的R、G、B三原色显示数据的相互串扰。

Description

像素电路和显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种像素电路和显示装置。
背景技术
在采用红色子像素R、绿色子像素G和蓝色子像素B构成全彩显示AMOLED(ActiveMatrix/OrganicLightEmittingDiode，有源矩阵有机发光二极管)面板中，需要在背板电路内部采用相应的选通输入电路，即在数据线上实现1:3的开关选通。如图1所示，所述选通输入电路包括第一选通晶体管TR、第二选通晶体管TG和第三选通晶体管TB；TR，栅极接入红色选通信号SR、第一极通过数据线Data接入像素驱动电路，第二极接入红色显示数据Data_R；TG，栅极接入绿色选通信号SG，第一极通过数据线Data接入像素驱动电路，第二极接入绿色显示数据Data_G；TB，栅极接入蓝色选通信号SB，第一极通过数据线Data接入像素驱动电路，第二极接入蓝色显示数据Data_B；所述数据线Data并联有阻容单元RC,在图1中，TR、TG和TB采用p型晶体管（在具体实施时也可以替换为n型晶体管）。
采用选通输入电路虽然可以减少驱动芯片上的引脚的数目和背板电路上fanout（扇出）区域的数据线的面积，如图2所示，但是R、G、B三原色的显示数据的写入时间也减少为一行扫描信号Gate的有效时间的1/3，对于像素电路的充电效率有更高的要求。同时由于采用选通输入电路会存在数据线复用的情况，而数据线的寄生电阻电容会造成显示信号的延迟，特别是数据线上的残留电压会造成R、G、B三原色显示数据的相互串扰，影响显示的灰度。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种像素电路和显示装置，以避免数据线上的残留电压造成的R、G、B三原色显示数据的相互串扰。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种像素电路，包括像素驱动电路和用于为该像素驱动电路提供显示数据的显示数据输入电路，该显示数据输入电路包括选通输入单元；
所述选通输入单元，用于当行扫描信号有效时，通过数据线向所述像素驱动电路分时提供红色显示数据、绿色显示数据和蓝色显示数据；所述数据线与阻容单元并联；
该显示数据输入电路还包括：
数据线置位单元，用于在所述选通输入单元通过数据线向所述像素驱动电路提供红色显示数据、绿色显示数据或蓝色显示数据后，通过将所述数据线上的电压置为参考电压，从而通过所述阻容单元释放该数据线中残留的显示数据，该参考电压的电压值小于预定值。
实施时，所述选通输入单元包括：
第一选通晶体管，栅极接入红色选通信号，第一极接入红色显示数据，第二极与所述数据线连接；
第二选通晶体管，栅极接入绿色选通信号，第一极接入绿色显示数据，第二极与所述数据线连接；
以及，第三选通晶体管，栅极接入蓝色选通信号，第一极接入蓝色显示数据，第二极与所述数据线连接；
当所述行扫描信号有效时，所述红色选通信号、所述绿色选通信号和所述蓝色选通信号分时有效，并所述红色选通信号有效的时间段、所述绿色选通信号有效的时间段和所述蓝色选通信号有效的时间段之间互相有间隔。
实施时，所述数据线置位单元包括：
参考电压输入晶体管，栅极接入控制信号，第一极接入参考电压，第二极与所述数据线连接；
所述控制信号与所述红色选通信号、所述绿色选通信号和所述蓝色选通信号叠加而成的选通信号反相。
实施时，所述像素驱动电路包括：
驱动晶体管，第一极接入驱动电压；
存储电容，第一端接入所述驱动电压，第二端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接；
电位维持电容；
输入晶体管，栅极接入所述行扫描信号，第一极通过所述电位维持电容与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接，第二极与所述数据线连接；
以及，发光控制晶体管，第一极接入发光控制信号，第一极与所述驱动晶体管的第二极连接，第二极与发光元件连接。
实施时，所述像素驱动电路还包括：补偿晶体管，栅极接入所述行扫描信号，第一极与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接，第二极与所述驱动晶体管的第二极连接。
实施时，所述像素驱动电路还包括：复位晶体管，栅极接入复位信号，第一极与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接，第二极接入初始电压。
本发明还提供了一种显示装置，包括上述的像素电路。
实施时，所述显示装置为有源矩阵有机发光二极管AMOLED显示装置。
与现有技术相比，本发明采用数据线置位单元在输入红色显示数据、绿色显示数据或蓝色显示数据后将数据线上的电压重新置为参考电压，从而通过阻容单元释放该数据线中残留的显示数据，以避免数据线上的残留电压会造成R、G、B三原色显示数据的相互串扰。
附图说明
图1是现有的像素电路的结构示意图；
图2是现有的像素电路的信号时序图；
图3是本发明实施例所述的像素电路的结构框图；
图4是本发明又一实施例所述的像素电路的结框图；
图5是本发明该实施例所述的像素电路的工作时序图；
图6是本发明再一实施例所述的像素电路的电路图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明所有实施例中采用的晶体管均可以为薄膜晶体管或场效应管或其他特性相同的器件。在本发明实施例中，为区分晶体管除栅极之外的两极，将其中一极称为源极，另一极称为漏极。此外，按照晶体管的特性区分可以将晶体管分为N型晶体管或P型晶体管。在本发明实施例提供的驱动电路中，所有晶体管均是以N型晶体管为例进行的说明，可以想到的是在采用P型晶体管实现时是本领域技术人员可在没有做出创造性劳动前提下轻易想到的，因此也是在本发明的实施例保护范围内的。
如图3所示，本发明实施例所述的像素电路，包括像素驱动电路31和用于为该像素驱动电路31提供显示数据的显示数据输入电路32，该显示数据输入电路32包括选通输入单元321；
所述像素驱动电路31接入行扫描信号Gate；
所述选通输入单元321，用于当行扫描信号Gate有效时，通过数据线Data向所述像素驱动电路31分时提供红色显示数据Data_R、绿色显示数据Data_G和蓝色显示数据Data_B；所述数据线Data与阻容单元RC并联；
该显示数据输入电路32还包括：
数据线置位单元322，用于在所述选通输入单元321通过数据线Data向所述像素驱动电路31提供红色显示数据Data_R、绿色显示数据Data_G或蓝色显示数据Data_B后，通过将所述数据线Data上的电压置为参考电压Vref，从而通过所述阻容单元RC释放该数据线Data中残留的显示数据，该参考电压Vref的电压值小于预定值。
本发明实施例所述的像素电路采用数据线置位单元在输入红色显示数据、绿色显示数据或蓝色显示数据后将数据线上的电压重新置为参考电压，从而通过阻容单元释放该数据线中残留的显示数据，以避免数据线上的残留电压会造成R、G、B三原色显示数据的相互串扰。该参考电压的电压值小于残留于数据线上的显示数据的电压值，在实际操作时，该参考电压可以为零电压或负电压。
具体的，如图4所示，所述选通输入单元321包括：
第一选通晶体管TR，栅极接入红色选通信号SR，第一极接入红色显示数据Data_R，第二极与所述数据线Data连接；
第二选通晶体管TG，栅极接入绿色选通信号SG，第一极接入绿色显示数据Data_G，第二极与所述数据线Data连接；
以及，第三选通晶体管TB，栅极接入蓝色选通信号SB，第一极接入蓝色显示数据Data_B，第二极与所述数据线Data连接；
当所述行扫描信号Gate有效时，所述红色选通信号Data_R、所述绿色选通信号Data_G和所述蓝色选通信号Data_B分时有效，并所述红色选通信号Data_R有效的时间段、所述绿色选通信号Data_G有效的时间段和所述蓝色选通信号Data_B有效的时间段之间互相有间隔；
所述数据线置位单元322包括：
参考电压输入晶体管TV，栅极接入控制信号SW，第一极接入参考电压Vref，第二极与所述数据线Data连接；
所述控制信号SW与所述红色选通信号SR、所述绿色选通信号SG和所述蓝色选通信号SB叠加而成的选通信号反相;
图5是Data中的显示数据、SW和Gate的时序图。
具体的，如图6所示，在本发明实施例所述的像素电路中，所述像素驱动电路包括：
驱动晶体管DTFT，第一极接入第一驱动电压VGH；
电位维持电容C1；
存储电容C2，第一端接入所述第一驱动电压VGH，第二端与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极连接；
输入晶体管TI，栅极接入所述行扫描信号Gate，第一极通过所述电位维持电容C1与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极连接，第二极与所述数据线Data连接；
发光控制晶体管T1，第一极接入发光控制信号EM，第一极与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的第二极连接，第二极与发光元件连接；所述发光元件为有机发光二极管OLED；T1的第二极与OLED的阳极连接，OLED的阴极与第二驱动电压VGL连接；
补偿晶体管T2，栅极接入所述行扫描信号Gate，第一极与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极连接，第二极与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的第二极连接；
以及，复位晶体管T3，栅极接入复位信号RESET，第一极与所述驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极连接，第二极接入初始电压Vint。
在如图6所示的像素电路的实施例中，所有的晶体管为p型TFT，在实际操作时也可以全部或部分替换为n型TFT。
在如图6所示的像素电路的实施例中，DTFT与T2形成二极管连接，从而实现对于DTFT的阈值电压Vth的采样和保持，从而实现补偿效果。
如图6所述的像素电路的实施例的工作状态分为初始化阶段t1，数据写入阶段t2和OLED点亮阶段t3：
在初始化阶段t1，RESET有效，T3打开，将初始电压Vint写入A点（与DTFT的栅极连接的节点），此时电容C1和C2右侧的电压亦为Vint，完成像素状态的初始化。
在数据写入阶段t2，RESET跳变为高电位，T3关闭，Vint由电容C2保持，同时行扫描信号Gate信号有效，行扫描信号Gate的电位为Vgate，则TI打开，电位为Vdata的显示数据通过数据线Data写入该像素电路，则此时A点电位为（Vdata+Vint+Vgate）；而同时由于Gate有效，T2导通，则此时驱动晶体管DTFT栅极和漏极相连，形成二极管连接，此时DTFT的阈值电压Vth被记录下来且由C2保持；此时A点电位，即驱动晶体管DTFT栅极的电位为（Vdata+Vint+Vgate-Vth），且该电位由C2存储；此阶段EM为高电位，确保T1关闭，则数据的写入像素这一动作，并不会对有机发光二极管OLED的发光状态产生影响，避免了显示的闪烁。同时EM为高电位保证了T1关闭，确保了此时DTFT的源极和VGH断开，从而避免了由于DTFT的漏电从而间接影响DTFT栅极电压的不良影响，原因在于此时二极管连接的存在，DTFT源漏之间的漏电会直接引入到栅极端，从而对于DTFT的漏极电流，即OLED的驱动电流造成影响；另一方面，为了避免DTFT的源极浮空，在Gate的控制下，TI打开，将A点的电压引至DTFT的源极，即使存在DTFT的漏电现象，也不会对DTFT的栅极电压造成影响，从而影响DTFT的漏电流。
在OLED点亮阶段t3，Gate跳变为高电平，晶体管TI和T2关闭，A点的电压（Vdata+Vint+Vgate-Vth）由C2保持，即驱动晶体管DTFT的栅极电压确保DTFT工作在饱和区，且此时DTFT的漏极电流的电流值与DTFT的阈值电压Vth无关，则驱动晶体管DTFT的阈值电压Vth的漂移，不会对DTFT的漏极电流，即像素电路的驱动电流产生影响。同时此时EM有效，T1导通，该像素电路的驱动电流经T1流入OLED，点亮显示。
另外，Vint可以选择接地，起到对A点电位的复位的作用，同时如果在产生第一驱动电压VGH的驱动电源线中有导线电阻或寄生电阻引起的电压降，则通过对Vint的数值进行调整，使其能与该电压降互相抵消，则此时，该像素电路结构还可以补偿驱动电源的电压降引起的像素电流波动的问题。
本发明还提供了一种显示装置，包括上述的像素电路。
优选的，所述显示装置为AMOLED（有源矩阵有机发光二极管）显示装置。
以上说明对本发明而言只是说明性的，而非限制性的，本领域普通技术人员理解，在不脱离所附权利要求所限定的精神和范围的情况下，可做出许多修改、变化或等效，但都将落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种像素电路，包括像素驱动电路和用于为该像素驱动电路提供显示数据的显示数据输入电路，该显示数据输入电路包括选通输入单元；
所述选通输入单元，用于当行扫描信号有效时，通过数据线向所述像素驱动电路分时提供红色显示数据、绿色显示数据和蓝色显示数据；所述数据线与阻容单元并联；
其特征在于，该显示数据输入电路还包括：
数据线置位单元，用于在所述选通输入单元通过数据线向所述像素驱动电路提供红色显示数据、绿色显示数据或蓝色显示数据后，通过将所述数据线上的电压置为参考电压，从而通过所述阻容单元释放该数据线中残留的显示数据，该参考电压的电压值小于预定值。
2.如权利要求1所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述选通输入单元包括：
第一选通晶体管，栅极接入红色选通信号，第一极接入红色显示数据，第二极与所述数据线连接；
第二选通晶体管，栅极接入绿色选通信号，第一极接入绿色显示数据，第二极与所述数据线连接；
以及，第三选通晶体管，栅极接入蓝色选通信号，第一极接入蓝色显示数据，第二极与所述数据线连接；
当所述行扫描信号有效时，所述红色选通信号、所述绿色选通信号和所述蓝色选通信号分时有效，并所述红色选通信号有效的时间段、所述绿色选通信号有效的时间段和所述蓝色选通信号有效的时间段之间互相有间隔。
3.如权利要求2所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述数据线置位单元包括：
参考电压输入晶体管，栅极接入控制信号，第一极接入参考电压，第二极与所述数据线连接；
所述控制信号与所述红色选通信号、所述绿色选通信号和所述蓝色选通信号叠加而成的选通信号反相。
4.如权利要求1至3中任一权利要求所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述像素驱动电路包括：
驱动晶体管，第一极接入驱动电压；
存储电容，第一端接入所述驱动电压，第二端与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接；
电位维持电容；
输入晶体管，栅极接入所述行扫描信号，第一极通过所述电位维持电容与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接，第二极与所述数据线连接；
以及，发光控制晶体管，第一极接入发光控制信号，第一极与所述驱动晶体管的第二极连接，第二极与发光元件连接。
5.如权利要求4所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述像素驱动电路还包括：补偿晶体管，栅极接入所述行扫描信号，第一极与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接，第二极与所述驱动晶体管的第二极连接。
6.如权利要求5所述的像素电路，其特征在于，所述像素驱动电路还包括：复位晶体管，栅极接入复位信号，第一极与所述驱动晶体管的栅极连接，第二极接入初始电压。
7.一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至6中任一权利要求所述的像素电路。
8.如权利要求7所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述显示装置为有源矩阵有机发光二极管AMOLED显示装置。
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