Steel-sheet type buffering friction gear meshing clutch
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel-sheet type buffering friction gear meshing clutch, be applicable to the various mechanism needing clutch speed-changing and clutch speed governing, as the clutch speed variator of various vehicle, the gearbox etc. of lathe, belong to clutch and gear transmission technology field.
Background technique
Present automobile clutch has friction clutcch, fluid coupling, magnetic clutch etc. several, and they utilize soft contact namely to rub or the transmission such as fluid power or electromagnetic force engine revolution power, and the power transmission efficiency of these soft contacts is all lower; The soft contact clutch method why modern flourishing automotive industry still utilizes power transmission efficiency low, because the transmission of gears meshing is when high speed rotating, meshed gears is difficult to be separated, also do not find that there is now and both easily made the hard driving gear of engagement be separated, can have again the meshed transmission gear method of higher transmission efficiency, this is the difficult problem that vehicle transmission efficiency improves; The patent of invention " 201410151795.6 screw thread socket clutch " of Wei Baiqing is although can realize the high efficiency transmission of gears to engage and disengage engagement, but it is because there being a middle follower, structure comparison is wide, volume ratio is larger, and the clutch process in another invention " 201410162087.2 spring pressures friction gear meshing clutch " of Wei Baiqing also has certain friction percussion, the present invention is to provide a kind ofly has the clutch of steel disc distortion buffer function to impact smaller gears to engage and disengage engagement efficient driving structure.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of can friction by twice and the steel-sheet type buffering friction gear meshing clutch engaged with safe, mild, the efficient side gear realized between driving wheel with driven wheel by steel disc distortion buffer function.
Steel-sheet type buffering friction gear meshing clutch, comprises a driving shaft and is enclosed within a driving wheel on driving shaft, a driven wheel and one group of follower between driving wheel and driven wheel; It is characterized in that:
1, the cross section of driving wheel is U-shape, right section of driving wheel namely cross section be that U-shaped bottom section center has a hole, the inner ring in hole has driving wheel inner spline gear, driving wheel inner spline gear is enclosed within driving shaft, there is driving shaft spline tooth in the driving shaft region that contacts with driving wheel inner spline gear, driving shaft spline tooth matches with driving wheel inner spline gear and is meshed, make driving wheel and driving shaft do same angular velocity all the time to rotate, driving shaft spline tooth tooth section length is greater than driving wheel inner spline gear tooth section length, and driving wheel can be axially moved along driving shaft; Driving wheel cross section is U-shaped port area is barrel-shaped, and form driving wheel drum, the shaft axis of drum is overlapping with driving shaft, and there is side, driving wheel drum left side tooth the left side of driving wheel drum; Driving wheel cross section is have an inner conical surface with driving wheel drum connection area at the bottom of U-shaped, and this inner conical surface is the left friction inner conical surface of driving wheel.
2, driven wheel is arranged on the most left section of driving shaft, and driven wheel is connected by driven wheel inner bearing with driving shaft, driven wheel can be rotated around driving shaft, and can not axially move along driving shaft, driven wheel excircle has driven wheel external tooth, driven wheel external tooth is power output gear, be meshed with the load gear teeth, driven wheel right flank has tooth on the right side of a circle driven wheel near driven wheel external tooth region, on the right side of driven wheel, tooth and side, driving wheel drum left side tooth match and can be meshed completely, its radius of circle of the tooth central point composition of tooth on the right side of driven wheel, equal with its radius of circle that the tooth central point of side, driving wheel drum left side tooth forms, on the right side of driven wheel, its centre point of circle of the tooth central point composition of tooth is overlapping with driving shaft shaft axis, its centre point of circle of the tooth central point composition of side, driving wheel drum left side tooth is overlapping with driving shaft shaft axis, on the right side of driven wheel, tooth has ring friction on the right side of a driven wheel near the annular region of driven wheel inner bearing, and on the right side of driven wheel, the ring central axis of ring friction is overlapping with the shaft axis of driving shaft.
3, driven wheels comprise a long bearing and are arranged on a left follower on long bearing, a symmetrical steel disc be arranged on outside right follower excircle of right follower, a left follower left spring and multi-disc, long bearing is arranged on driving shaft, and long bearing can rotate around the shaft axis of driving shaft but can not move along the shaft axis of driving shaft, the right section of close driving wheel cross section that right follower is arranged on long bearing is territory, U-shaped base area, right follower can move, can rotate around the shaft axis of long bearing again along the shaft axis of long bearing, right follower right flank be cone shape and become coarse attrition surface, be the right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus) of right follower, the conical surface gradient of right follower right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the conical surface gradient of the left friction inner conical surface of driving wheel match, the cone center axis of right follower right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus), overlapping with the cone center axis of driving wheel left friction inner conical surface, and overlapping with the shaft axis of driving shaft, left follower is arranged in left section of driving wheel drum region of long bearing, near the region, left side of driving wheel drum, left follower does not contact with driving wheel drum, left follower can move along the shaft axis of long bearing, can rotate around the shaft axis of long bearing again, the left surface of left follower is provided with ring friction on the left of left follower, the ring central axis of ring friction on the left of left follower, the shaft axis of long bearing, shaft axis three line overlap of driving shaft, the ring exradius of ring friction on the left of left follower, equal with the ring exradius of ring friction on the right side of driven wheel, the ring inner circle radius of ring friction on the left of left follower, equal with the ring inner circle radius of ring friction on the right side of driven wheel, on the left of left follower, ring friction mates friction with ring friction on the right side of driven wheel mutually when contacting, a left follower left spring is had near long bearing region on the left of left follower, right-hand member and the left follower of left follower left spring are fixedly linked, the left end of left follower left spring is fixedly linked with the left follower left spring long bearing fixed end being fixed on long bearing left end, can extrude left follower left spring when left follower is moved to the left and the left follower left spring of energy distortion, thus extruding force when left follower is moved to the left is cushioned, the excircle of right follower is symmetrically installed with multiple right follower steel disc fixed support, each right follower steel disc fixed support is provided with one piece of steel disc, the other end of steel disc is arranged on the right flank of left follower, the center line of steel disc and the axis parallel of driving shaft, the center line of polylith steel disc forms a drum, and the central axis of this drum is overlapping with the shaft axis of driving shaft.
4, when applying external force make driving wheel to the right follower move near time, the extruding that the right follower right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus) of right follower is subject to the driving wheel left friction inner conical surface of driving wheel rubs and after driving right follower and the equidirectional rotation of driving wheel, right follower drives steel disc distortion, rotation, thus slows down the percussion of driving wheel to left follower, then steel disc drives left follower to rotate, while right follower is subject to pushing and being moved to the left of the left friction inner conical surface of driving wheel, right follower is also pushed left follower and is moved to the left, and extrude left follower left spring, thus the contact of ring friction on the right side of ring friction and driven wheel on the left of the left follower slowing down left follower, friction is impacted, the contact of ring friction on the right side of ring friction and driven wheel on the left of left follower, in friction process, progressively make the rotational speed of the rotational speed of driven wheel and left follower close, the rotational speed of the rotational speed of driven wheel and left follower be about to close to time, side, driving wheel drum left side tooth starts near with toe joint on the right side of driven wheel and starts to be engaged, increase along with side, driving wheel drum left side tooth is engaged the degree of depth with tooth on the right side of driven wheel, the rotational speed of driven wheel and the rotational speed of left follower close further, finally, side, driving wheel drum left side tooth engages completely with tooth on the right side of driven wheel, now, the rotational speed of driven wheel and the rotational speed of left follower and driving wheel completely the same, driving wheel engages transmitting rotary power with driven wheel formative gear, after applying makes the driving wheel external force that follower is close disappear to the right, by the effect of left follower left spring and driving wheel release spring, side, driving wheel drum left side tooth is separated with tooth on the right side of driven wheel, polylith steel disc is also returned to the center line of steel disc and the axis parallel state of driving shaft simultaneously, driving wheel left friction inner conical surface is separated with the right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus) of right follower, and the rotation of driving wheel no longer drives the rotation of driven wheel.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, existing automobile clutch has friction clutcch, fluid coupling, magnetic clutch etc. several, and they utilize soft contact namely to rub or the transmission such as fluid power or electromagnetic force engine revolution power, and the power transmission efficiency of these soft contacts is all lower; And clutch of the present invention is rubbed by twice and the steel-sheet type buffering friction gear meshing clutch engaged with safe, mild, the efficient side gear realized between driving wheel with driven wheel by steel disc distortion buffer function.
2, having added two followers and two springs between the driving wheel of clutch engagement driving of the present invention and driven wheel, having made driving wheel and driven wheel separating without being easy to during External Force Acting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the axial cross-sectional views of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is middle A-A schematic diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is middle B-B schematic diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is middle C-C schematic diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is middle P enlarged diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is middle Q enlarged diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 4;
Fig. 7 is middle R enlarged diagram embodiment illustrated in fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is middle both sides embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 gears meshing schematic diagram.
In Fig. 1-8: 1, driving shaft 2, driven wheel inner bearing 3, driven wheel external tooth 4, tooth 5 on the right side of driven wheel, side, driving wheel drum left side tooth 6, driven wheel 7, left follower left spring long bearing fixed end 8, left follower left spring 9, ring friction 10 on the right side of driven wheel, ring friction 11 on the left of left follower, right follower 12, driving wheel 13, left follower 14, long bearing 15, driving shaft spline tooth 16, the right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus) 17 of right follower, the left friction inner conical surface 18 of driving wheel, right follower steel disc fixed support 19, steel disc 20, driving wheel release spring 21, driving wheel drum 22, driving wheel inner spline gear.
Embodiment
In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1-8: steel-sheet type buffering friction gear meshing clutch, comprise a driving shaft 1 and a driving wheel 12, driven wheel 6 of being enclosed within driving shaft 1 and one group of follower between driving wheel 12 and driven wheel 6, it is characterized in that: the cross section of driving wheel 12 is U-shape, right section of driving wheel 12 namely cross section be that U-shaped bottom section center has a hole, the inner ring in hole has driving wheel inner spline gear 22, driving wheel inner spline gear 22 is enclosed within driving shaft 1, there is driving shaft spline tooth 15 in driving shaft 1 region that contacts with driving wheel inner spline gear 22, driving shaft spline tooth 15 matches with driving wheel inner spline gear 22 and is meshed, make driving wheel 12 and driving shaft 1 do same angular velocity all the time to rotate, driving shaft spline tooth 15 tooth section length is greater than driving wheel inner spline gear 22 tooth section length, driving wheel 12 can be axially moved along driving shaft 1, driving wheel 12 cross section is U-shaped port area is barrel-shaped, and form driving wheel drum 21, the shaft axis of driving wheel drum is overlapping with driving shaft 1, and there is side, driving wheel drum left side tooth 5 left side of driving wheel drum 21, driving wheel 12 cross section is have an inner conical surface with driving wheel drum 21 connection area at the bottom of U-shaped, and this inner conical surface is the left friction inner conical surface 17 of driving wheel.
Driven wheel 6 is arranged on the most left section of driving shaft 1, and driven wheel 6 is connected by driven wheel inner bearing 2 with driving shaft 1, driven wheel 6 can be rotated around driving shaft 1, and can not axially move along driving shaft 1, driven wheel 6 excircle has driven wheel external tooth 3, driven wheel external tooth 3 is power output gear, be meshed with the load gear teeth, driven wheel 6 right flank has tooth 4 on the right side of a circle driven wheel near driven wheel external tooth 3 region, on the right side of driven wheel, tooth 4 and side, driving wheel drum left side tooth 5 match and can be meshed completely, its radius of circle of the tooth central point composition of tooth 4 on the right side of driven wheel, equal with its radius of circle that the tooth central point of side, driving wheel drum left side tooth 5 forms, on the right side of driven wheel, its centre point of circle of the tooth central point composition of tooth 4 is overlapping with driving shaft 1 shaft axis, its centre point of circle of the tooth central point composition of side, driving wheel drum left side tooth 5 is overlapping with driving shaft 1 shaft axis, on the right side of driven wheel, tooth 4 has ring friction 9 on the right side of a driven wheel near the annular region of driven wheel inner bearing 2, and on the right side of driven wheel, the ring central axis of ring friction 9 is overlapping with the shaft axis of driving shaft 1.
Driven wheels comprise a long bearing 14 and a left follower 13, right follower, 11, left follower left spring 8 of being arranged on long bearing 14 and multi-disc symmetry are arranged on steel disc 19 outside right follower 11 excircle, long bearing 14 is arranged on driving shaft 1, and long bearing 14 can rotate around the shaft axis of driving shaft 1 but can not move along the shaft axis of driving shaft 1, right section of close driving wheel 12 cross section that right follower 11 is arranged on long bearing 14 is territory, U-shaped base area, right follower 11 can move along the shaft axis of long bearing 14, can rotate around the shaft axis of long bearing 14 again, right follower 11 right flank is cone shape, and become coarse attrition surface, form the right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus) 16 of right follower, the conical surface gradient of right follower right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus) 16 and the conical surface gradient of the left friction inner conical surface 17 of driving wheel match, the cone center axis of the right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus) 16 of right follower, overlapping with the cone center axis of driving wheel left friction inner conical surface 17, and it is overlapping with the shaft axis of driving shaft 1, left follower 13 is arranged in left section of driving wheel drum 21 region of long bearing 14, near the region, left side of driving wheel drum 21, left follower 13 does not contact with driving wheel drum 21, left follower 13 can move along the shaft axis of long bearing 14, can rotate around the shaft axis of long bearing 14 again, the left surface of left follower 13 is provided with ring friction 10 on the left of left follower, the ring central axis of ring friction 10 on the left of left follower, the shaft axis of long bearing 1, shaft axis three line overlap of driving shaft 1, the ring exradius of ring friction 10 on the left of left follower, equal with the ring exradius of ring friction on the right side of driven wheel 9, the ring inner circle radius of ring friction 10 on the left of left follower, equal with the ring inner circle radius of ring friction on the right side of driven wheel 9, on the left of left follower, ring friction 10 mates friction with ring friction on the right side of driven wheel 9 mutually when contacting, a left follower left spring 8 is had near long bearing 14 region on the left of left follower 13, right-hand member and the left follower 13 of left follower left spring 8 are fixedly linked, the left end of left follower left spring 8 is fixedly linked with the left follower left spring long bearing fixed end 7 being fixed on long bearing 14 left end, can extrude left follower left spring 8 when left follower 13 is moved to the left and the left follower left spring 8 of energy distortion, thus extruding force when left follower 13 is moved to the left is cushioned, the excircle of right follower 11 is symmetrically installed with multiple right follower steel disc fixed support 18, each right follower steel disc fixed support 18 is provided with one piece of steel disc 19, the other end of steel disc 19 is arranged on the right flank of left follower 13, the center line of steel disc 19 and the axis parallel of driving shaft 1, the center line of polylith steel disc 19 forms a drum, and the central axis of this drum is overlapping with the shaft axis of driving shaft 1.
When applying external force make driving wheel 12 to the right follower 11 move near time, the extruding that the right follower right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus) 16 of right follower 11 is subject to the driving wheel left friction inner conical surface 17 of driving wheel 12 rubs and after driving right follower 11 and the equidirectional rotation of driving wheel 12, right follower 11 drives steel disc 19 distortion, rotation, thus slows down the percussion of driving wheel 12 to left follower 13, then steel disc 19 drives left follower 13 to rotate, while right follower 11 is subject to pushing and being moved to the left of the left friction inner conical surface 17 of driving wheel, right follower 11 is also pushed left follower 13 and is moved to the left, and extrude left follower left spring 8, thus the contact of ring friction 9 on the right side of ring friction 10 and driven wheel on the left of the left follower slowing down left follower 13, friction is impacted, the contact of ring friction 9 on the right side of ring friction 10 and driven wheel on the left of left follower, in friction process, progressively make the rotational speed of the rotational speed of driven wheel 6 and left follower 13 close, the rotational speed of the rotational speed of driven wheel 6 and left follower 13 be about to close to time, side, driving wheel drum left side tooth 5 starts close with tooth on the right side of driven wheel 4 and starts to be engaged, increase along with side, driving wheel drum left side tooth 5 is engaged the degree of depth with tooth on the right side of driven wheel 4, the rotational speed of driven wheel 6 and the rotational speed of left follower 13 close further, finally, side, driving wheel drum left side tooth 5 engages completely with tooth on the right side of driven wheel 4, now, the rotational speed of driven wheel 6 and the rotational speed of left follower 13 and driving wheel 12 completely the same, driving wheel 12 engages transmitting rotary power with driven wheel 6 formative gear, after applying makes driving wheel 12 external force that follower 11 is close disappear to the right, by the effect of left follower left spring 8 and driving wheel release spring 20, side, driving wheel drum left side tooth 5 is separated with tooth on the right side of driven wheel 4, polylith steel disc 19 is also returned to the center line of steel disc 19 and the axis parallel state of driving shaft 1 simultaneously, driving wheel left friction inner conical surface 17 is separated with the right friction male cone (strobilus masculinus) 16 of right follower, now, the rotation of driving wheel 12 no longer drives the rotation of driven wheel 6.