CN106195192B - Electric automobile and two-gear gearbox thereof - Google Patents
Electric automobile and two-gear gearbox thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106195192B CN106195192B CN201610864034.4A CN201610864034A CN106195192B CN 106195192 B CN106195192 B CN 106195192B CN 201610864034 A CN201610864034 A CN 201610864034A CN 106195192 B CN106195192 B CN 106195192B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric automobile and a two-gear transmission thereof.A high-grade gear and a low-grade gear are rotatably mounted on a gear shift shaft of the two-gear transmission side by side, conical surface wheel structures are arranged on the opposite inner sides of the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear, a clutch drum is also fixed, a synchronous ring component, a clutch slider and a clutch sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the periphery of the clutch drum, the synchronous ring component is provided with a reverse conical surface used for being matched with a cone of the conical surface wheel structures, the clutch slider is axially positioned and matched with the synchronous ring component, the inner periphery of the clutch sleeve is in friction fit with the outer periphery of the clutch slider, the outer periphery of the clutch sleeve is provided with an annular shifting fork groove. Under the extrusion friction of the clutch sleeve and the clutch slide block, the synchronizing ring can stably and effectively drive the clutch drum and the gear corresponding to the pushing direction of the shifting fork to synchronously rotate so as to finish the speed change, the speed change process is stable and effective, and the static restriction that the gear can not be shifted does not exist.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, in particular to a two-gear transmission and an electric automobile.
Background
The transmission is one of the main components of an automotive transmission system. The practical use of automobiles is very complicated, such as: starting, idling stop, low-speed or high-speed running, acceleration, deceleration, climbing, backing and the like, which require that the driving force and the vehicle speed of the automobile can be changed in a considerable range, while the output torque and the rotating speed of the piston engine which are widely adopted at present have a small change range. In order to adapt to the constantly changing driving conditions and at the same time to enable the engine to work under favorable working conditions (high power and low oil consumption), a gearbox is arranged in the transmission system.
The transmission ratio of the gearbox can be changed, the change range of the torque and the rotating speed of the driving wheel is expanded so as to adapt to the frequently changed running condition, and meanwhile, the engine can work under the favorable working condition; under the condition that the rotation direction of the engine is unchanged, the automobile can run backwards; with neutral, power transfer is interrupted so that the engine can start, idle, and facilitate transmission shifting or power take off.
The two-gear gearbox is one of the common gearboxes of the electric automobile, and can realize the switching of two different gears, so that the output shaft can carry out the rotation output of high rotating speed, low torque or low rotating speed and high torque.
However, there are some problems with the two-speed transmissions commonly used in the market, mainly represented by:
the gear shifting can only be carried out at the low speed of the electric automobile or in the micro-motion state of the gear, and the gear shifting can not be carried out in the static state, otherwise, the gearbox is damaged due to gear striking, violent impact sound is generated during gear shifting, and the gear shifting reliability is poor. And different gears have large energy consumption during speed change and no load, and the effective utilization rate of energy is low.
In summary, how to effectively solve the technical problems that the existing two-gear transmission case is unreasonable in structure, and the transmission case is difficult to shift gears in a static state is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a first objective of the present invention is to provide a two-speed transmission, which can effectively solve the technical problems that the conventional two-speed transmission is not reasonable in structure, and the transmission is difficult to shift in a static state, and a second objective of the present invention is to provide an electric vehicle including the two-speed transmission.
In order to achieve the first object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a two-gear transmission comprises a transmission shell, and a differential shaft, a shift shaft and an input shaft which are arranged in the shell, wherein the differential shaft, the shift shaft and the input shaft are sequentially connected through gear engagement, a high-grade gear and a low-grade gear are rotatably arranged on the shift shaft side by side, conical surface wheel structures with gradually reduced outer diameters towards the middle areas of the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear are fixedly arranged on the opposite inner sides of the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear, a clutch drum is fixedly arranged in an area between the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear of the shift shaft, a synchronous ring assembly, a clutch slider and a clutch sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the periphery of the clutch drum, the synchronous ring assembly is provided with a reverse conical surface which is matched with the conical surface of the conical surface wheel structures in an attaching manner, the clutch slider is matched with the synchronous ring assembly in an axial positioning, and a shifting fork for shifting the clutch sleeve is further arranged in the gearbox shell, and the end part of the shifting fork extends into the shifting fork groove.
Preferably, in the two-gear transmission, the clutch sleeve is provided with circumferential locking structures facing to two sides of the high-gear and the low-gear respectively, and the circumferential locking structures are used for completely circumferentially locking the clutch sleeve and the high-gear or the low-gear.
Preferably, in the two-gear transmission, the circumferential locking mechanism includes a positioning pin protruding out of a side surface of the clutch sleeve, and pin holes matched with the positioning pin are formed in inner side surfaces of the high-gear and the low-gear.
Preferably, in the two-gear transmission, the positioning pin is a ball pin, an assembly hole is formed in the side surface of the clutch sleeve, the tail of the ball pin is installed in the assembly hole in a limiting mode, and a compression spring ejecting the ball pin is arranged in the assembly hole.
Preferably, in the two-gear transmission, trapezoidal convex tooth structures which are in fit with each other are arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the clutch sleeve and the outer circumferential surface of the clutch slider.
Preferably, in the two-speed transmission, a knock pin is installed on the outer periphery of the clutch drum, and a compression spring for pushing the knock pin against the inner periphery of the clutch slider is arranged at the bottom of the knock pin.
Preferably, in the two-gear transmission, the synchronizer ring assembly includes a first half ring and a second half ring respectively matched with the conical wheel structures of the low-gear and the high-gear, the adjacent ends of the first half ring and the second half ring are provided with uniform annular opening structures, the clutch slider is sleeved in an annular groove formed by the annular opening structures, and the ejector pin extends out of a gap between the first half ring and the second half ring to tightly push the clutch slider.
Preferably, in the two-gear transmission, a control shaft parallel to the shift shaft is arranged in the transmission housing, the tail end of the shifting fork is fixedly mounted on the control shaft, a boss structure matched with the shift position is arranged at one end of the control shaft, and a shift limit switch matched with the boss structure is arranged at the adjacent position of the end part of the control shaft.
Preferably, in the two-speed transmission, a differential gear box is sleeved on the differential shaft, peripheral gears of the differential gear box are meshed with output gears of the shift shafts, a pair of differential discs which are arranged oppositely is arranged in the differential gear box, and wedge-shaped differential blocks which can be respectively matched with the two differential discs are arranged between the pair of differential discs.
The invention provides a two-gear transmission, which comprises a transmission shell, and a differential shaft, a shift shaft and an input shaft which are arranged in the shell, wherein the differential shaft, the shift shaft and the input shaft are sequentially connected through gear engagement, a high-grade gear and a low-grade gear are rotatably arranged on the shift shaft side by side, conical surface wheel structures with gradually reduced outer diameters towards middle areas of the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear are fixedly arranged on opposite inner sides of the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear, a clutch drum is fixedly arranged on the shift shaft in an area between the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear, a synchronous ring assembly, a clutch slider and a clutch sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the periphery of the clutch drum, the synchronous ring assembly is provided with a reverse conical surface which is matched with the conical surface of the conical surface wheel structures in an attaching mode, the clutch slider is axially positioned and matched with the synchronous ring assembly, and a shifting fork for shifting the clutch sleeve is further arranged in the gearbox shell, and the end part of the shifting fork extends into the shifting fork groove. When the gear box provided by the invention is used for shifting gears, the clutch sleeve is shifted by the shifting fork to translate along the axial direction of the shifting shaft, the clutch sleeve drives the clutch sliding block to move concomitantly through friction, the clutch sliding block drives the synchronous ring assembly positioned axially to translate along the axial direction in a preset direction, and the synchronous ring assembly is provided with the reverse conical surface matched with the conical surface wheel structure, so that the corresponding high-gear and low-gear gears can be tightly jacked by the synchronous ring to synchronously rotate with the synchronous ring assembly, and under the extrusion friction of the clutch sleeve and the clutch sliding block, the synchronous ring can stably and effectively drive the clutch drum to synchronously rotate with the gear gears corresponding to the shifting fork pushing direction, thereby completing the speed change. The speed change process is stable and effective, the restriction that static state can not be shifted is avoided, and the technical problems that the existing two-gear gearbox is unreasonable in structure, the gearbox is difficult to shift in a static state and the like are effectively solved.
In order to achieve the second object, the invention further provides an electric vehicle which comprises any one of the two-gear transmissions. Because the two-gear gearbox has the technical effects, the electric automobile with the two-gear gearbox also has corresponding technical effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-speed transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the region a of the two-speed transmission in fig. 1.
The drawings are numbered as follows:
the gear shifting mechanism comprises an input shaft 1, a gear shifting shaft 2, a clutch drum 2-1, an output gear 2-2, a high-grade gear 2-3, a low-grade gear 2-4, a conical surface wheel structure 2-5, a synchronizing ring assembly 2-6, a clutch slider 2-7, a clutch sleeve 2-8, a ball pin 2-9, a shifting fork groove 2-10, a sealing screw 2-11, a top pin 2-12, a differential shaft 3, a differential gear box 3-1, a wedge-shaped differential block 3-2, a differential disc 3-3, a control shaft 4, a shifting fork 4-1, a gear shifting limit switch 4-2 and a boss structure 4-3.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the invention discloses a two-gear gearbox, which aims to solve the technical problems that the existing two-gear gearbox is unreasonable in structure, the gearbox is difficult to shift in a static state and the like.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-speed transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The invention provides a two-gear transmission, which comprises a transmission shell, and a differential shaft 3, a shift shaft 2 and an input shaft 1 which are arranged in the shell, wherein the differential shaft 3, the shift shaft 2 and the input shaft 1 are sequentially connected through gear meshing, a high-grade gear 2-3 and a low-grade gear 2-4 are rotatably arranged on the shift shaft 2 side by side, conical surface wheel structures 2-5 with gradually reduced outer diameters towards the middle areas of the high-grade gear 2-3 and the low-grade gear 2-4 are fixedly arranged on the opposite inner sides of the high-grade gear 2-3 and the low-grade gear 2-4, a clutch drum 2-1 is fixedly arranged in the area between the high-grade gear 2-3 and the low-grade gear 2-4, a synchronous ring component 2-6, a clutch slider 2-7 and a clutch sleeve 2-8 are sequentially sleeved on the periphery of the clutch drum 2-1, the synchronous ring component 2-6 is, the clutch slide block 2-7 is matched with the synchronous ring assembly 2-6 in an axial positioning mode, the inner periphery of the clutch sleeve 2-8 is in friction fit with the outer periphery of the clutch slide block 2-7, an annular shifting fork groove 2-10 is formed in the outer periphery of the clutch sleeve 2-8, a shifting fork 4-1 used for shifting the clutch sleeve 2-8 for gear shifting is further arranged in the gearbox shell, and the end portion of the shifting fork 4-1 extends into the shifting fork groove 2-10.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the input shaft is connected to power input, the shift shaft performs shifting, and the differential shaft performs power output. Because the technical scheme provides a two-gear transmission box, two transmission gears with different tooth numbers are assembled and fixed on an input shaft, the two transmission gears are respectively meshed with a high-gear and a low-gear on a gear shifting shaft, and the high-gear and the low-gear are both rotatably connected with the gear shifting shaft through a bearing structure; a clutch drum is arranged between the high-gear and the low-gear, and an output gear in transmission connection with the differential shaft is fixedly arranged at one end of the shift shaft. The transmission design provided by the embodiment has the advantages that the gear shifting is realized by synchronously rotating the clutch drum and the gears with different gears to obtain the corresponding transmission ratio, the synchronization and the synchronization release between the clutch drum and the gears with different gears are realized mainly through the friction fit among the synchronizing ring component, the clutch sliding block and the clutch sleeve, and the elastic matching mechanism is properly filled in the matching position of the clutch drum and the gears with different gears on the basis, so that the extrusion motion can be executed more smoothly.
When the gear box provided by the invention is used for shifting gears, the clutch sleeve is shifted by the shifting fork to translate along the axial direction of the shifting shaft, the clutch sleeve drives the clutch sliding block to move concomitantly through friction, the clutch sliding block drives the synchronous ring assembly positioned axially to translate along the axial direction in a preset direction, and the synchronous ring assembly is provided with the reverse conical surface matched with the conical surface wheel structure, so that the corresponding high-gear and low-gear gears can be tightly jacked by the synchronous ring to synchronously rotate with the synchronous ring assembly, and under the extrusion friction of the clutch sleeve and the clutch sliding block, the synchronous ring can stably and effectively drive the clutch drum to synchronously rotate with the gear gears corresponding to the shifting fork pushing direction, thereby completing the speed change. The speed change process is stable and effective, the restriction that static state can not be shifted is avoided, and the technical problems that the existing two-gear gearbox is unreasonable in structure, the gearbox is difficult to shift in a static state and the like are effectively solved.
In order to further optimize the technical solution, on the basis of the above embodiment, it is preferable that, in the two-speed transmission, circumferential locking structures are respectively arranged on two sides of the clutch sleeve 2-8 facing the high-speed gear 2-3 and the low-speed gear 2-4, and the circumferential locking structures are used for completely circumferentially locking the clutch sleeve 2-8 and the high-speed gear 2-3 or the low-speed gear 2-4.
The technical scheme that this embodiment provided, further set up circumference location structure between separation and reunion cover and two gear gears, it is actually also more stable that make the synchronous rotation between clutch drum and the gear, can accord with higher moment of torsion. The technical scheme further improves the stability and the durability of the gearbox, so that the transmission is stable and is not easy to slip.
In order to further optimize the technical solution, on the basis of the above embodiment, it is preferable that in the two-speed transmission, the circumferential locking mechanism includes a positioning pin protruding from a side surface of the clutch sleeve 2-8, and pin holes matched with the positioning pin are formed in inner side surfaces of the high-speed gear 2-3 and the low-speed gear 2-4.
The technical scheme that this embodiment provided through setting up the locating pin, makes and realizes stable circumference between separation and reunion cover and the gear fixed, all sets up respectively in the left and right sides of separation and reunion cover with the pinhole on high, the low gear wheel insert the complex locating pin, requires that the locating pin length of separation and reunion cover both sides suits with the gear wheel interval, length can not satisfy and can insert both sides gear wheel simultaneously. When the positioning pin is inserted into the side surface of any gear, the clutch sleeve and the gear are effectively fixed in the circumferential direction; the positioning pins are preferably uniformly distributed on two sides of the clutch sleeve in a certain quantity, so that positioning firmness of the positioning pins is improved, and the single positioning pin is prevented from being easily abraded and broken.
On the basis, it should be noted that the insertion of the positioning pin into the pin hole in the side face of the gear is the final step of gear shifting, that is, a sufficient friction distance is axially arranged between the clutch sleeve and the clutch slider, and the length of the positioning pin cannot be too long, so that the positioning pin can reach the opening position of the pin hole after the rotation speed of the clutch sleeve and the new gear is changed through friction and sufficient synchronization is carried out, and the positioning pin is completely locked in the circumferential direction after entering the pin hole.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, on the basis of the above embodiment, preferably, in the two-gear transmission, the positioning pin is specifically a ball pin 2-9, the side surface of the clutch sleeve 2-8 is provided with an assembly hole, the tail part of the ball pin 2-9 is limited and installed in the assembly hole, and a compression spring for ejecting the ball pin 2-9 is arranged in the assembly hole. It should be noted that, in the technical solutions provided in the above embodiments and this embodiment, the positioning pin is disposed on the clutch sleeve, and the pin hole is disposed on the side surface of the gear, or the opposite design may be performed, that is, the positioning pin is located on the side surface of the gear, and the pin hole is located on the clutch sleeve, so that the principles are basically the same.
The technical scheme that this embodiment provided adopts the design of bulb round pin cooperation compression spring, this kind of design, mainly to the position of locating pin to the pinhole on the gear after the gear shift has been accomplished in the axial, however because the structure reason pinhole has not rotated to the position that the locating pin aligns yet, under this condition, the locating pin takes place friction collision with the side of gear easily, the light person sends the noise vibration, the locating pin is broken to serious possibility, and the axial can stretch out and draw back has elastic locating pin just can effectively avoid this condition, the design of bulb can make the steady gear side of slipping of locating pin tip do not take place hard collision equally.
It should be added that the ball stud is preferably structured such that one end is provided with a ball, the other end is provided with a positioning projection having a slightly larger outer diameter and similar to a shaft shoulder, the assembly hole inside the clutch sleeve is a through hole having a larger inner diameter at one end and a smaller inner diameter at the other end, the positioning projection is clamped at the position where the inner diameter is reduced to prevent the ball stud from falling off from the assembly hole, the other end is provided with a sealing screw 2-11, and a compression spring is sealed at the bottom of the ball stud to provide elasticity.
In order to further optimize the technical solution, on the basis of the above embodiment, it is preferable that in the two-speed transmission, trapezoidal convex tooth structures which are in surface fitting fit with each other are respectively arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the clutch sleeve 2-8 and the outer circumferential surface of the clutch slider 2-7.
The technical scheme that this embodiment provided has set up the trapezoidal convex tooth structure of mutually supporting between separation and reunion cover and separation and reunion slider, and the convex tooth structure is the annular on protrusion separation and reunion cover or separation and reunion slider surface equally, can follow the axial of the two and evenly set up the convex tooth structure of multiunit, through this kind of open inclined plane of trapezoidal structure, can enough produce effectual friction between messenger's separation and reunion cover and the separation and reunion slider, carry out abundant synchronous rotation, be unlikely to again and stop the axial relative motion between the two completely. When the side surface of the trapezoidal convex tooth of the clutch sleeve is mutually attached to the side surface of the trapezoidal convex tooth structure of the clutch sliding block, one-time obvious friction speed combination can be carried out, preferably, two groups of convex tooth structures are arranged on the clutch sleeve and the clutch sliding block, and the three-time obvious speed combination can be carried out to sufficiently switch the rotating speed of the clutch drum from the original rotating speed to another gear.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, on the basis of the above embodiment, preferably, in the two-speed transmission, the outer periphery of the clutch drum 2-1 is provided with a knock pin 2-12, and the bottom of the knock pin 2-12 is provided with a compression spring for tightly pushing the knock pin 2-12 against the inner periphery of the clutch slider 2-7.
The technical scheme that this embodiment provided has set up the knock pin in clutch drum periphery, provides the packing force through the knock pin, and the global top tight of going up with the separation and reunion cover of closing on the slider, provides frictional force effectively through compressing tightly. The jacking pins are preferably arranged in a plurality and are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the clutch drum to provide pressure in all directions, so that damage to components caused by uneven stress is prevented.
In order to further optimize the technical solution, on the basis of the above embodiment, preferably, in the two-speed transmission, the synchronizer ring assembly 2-6 includes a first half ring and a second half ring respectively matched with the bevel wheel structures 2-5 of the low-speed gear 2-4 and the high-speed gear 2-3, the adjacent ends of the first half ring and the second half ring are provided with uniform annular gap structures, the clutch slider 2-7 is sleeved in an annular groove formed by the annular gap structures, and the ejector pins 2-12 extend out of a gap between the first half ring and the second half ring to tightly push the clutch slider 2-7.
On the basis of the previous embodiment, the embodiment further provides a technical scheme convenient for assembly, the synchronizing ring assembly is divided into two parts, and the assembly is completed by combining two semi-ring structures, so that the aim of controlling the synchronizing ring assembly and the conical wheel structure of the gear to synchronously rotate through the clutch sliding block can be effectively achieved; furthermore, the split type clutch sliding blocks can be arranged, an annular structure is formed by a plurality of small sliding blocks to wrap the periphery of the synchronizing ring assembly, and the limiting block structure between the interval and the adjacent sliding blocks is arranged to complete limiting assembly.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a region a of the two-speed transmission of fig. 1.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, on the basis of the above embodiment, preferably, in the two-gear transmission, a control shaft 4 parallel to the shift shaft 2 is arranged in the transmission housing, the tail end of the shift fork 4-1 is fixedly mounted with the control shaft 4, a boss structure 4-3 matched with the shift position is arranged on one end of the control shaft 4, and a shift limit switch 4-2 matched with the boss structure 4-3 is arranged at a position adjacent to the end of the control shaft 4. Through boss structure and gear shift limit switch's cooperation, set up cambered surface or conical surface with boss structure, the switch is gone up the contact and is set up wedge inclined plane structure, and when boss structure horizontal displacement pushed away the contact of switch, the contact kick-backs and locks boss structure to realize the fixed of gear.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, on the basis of the above embodiment, it is preferable that in the two-speed transmission, the differential shaft 3 is sleeved with a differential gear box 3-1, a peripheral gear of the differential gear box 3-1 is meshed with an output gear 2-2 of the shift shaft 2, a pair of oppositely arranged differential discs 3-3 is arranged in the differential gear box 3-1, and wedge-shaped differential blocks 3-2 capable of being respectively matched with the two differential discs 3-3 are arranged between the pair of differential discs 3-3.
The design has the advantages that when the vehicle runs straight, the wedge-shaped differential block and the differential disk do not move relatively, and the wedge-shaped differential block and the differential disk are fixed relatively; when the vehicle turns, the wedge-shaped block moves towards the differential disk on one side along the axial direction, so that the differential disk rotates relative to the shell to realize the differential speed of turning; when the tire on one side of the vehicle slips or is suspended, the wedge blocks block the differential gear box, so that instantaneous self-locking is realized.
Based on the two-gear transmission provided in the above embodiment, the invention also provides an electric vehicle, which includes any one of the two-gear transmissions provided in the above embodiments. Because the electric vehicle adopts the two-gear transmission in the above embodiment, please refer to the above embodiment for the beneficial effects of the electric vehicle.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (7)
1. A two-gear transmission comprises a transmission shell, and a differential shaft, a shift shaft and an input shaft which are arranged in the shell, wherein the differential shaft, the shift shaft and the input shaft are sequentially connected through gear engagement, and the two are characterized in that a high-grade gear and a low-grade gear are rotatably arranged on the shift shaft side by side, conical surface wheel structures with gradually reduced outer diameters towards middle areas of the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear are fixedly arranged on opposite inner sides of the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear, a clutch drum is fixedly arranged in an area between the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear of the shift shaft, a synchronous ring assembly, a clutch slider and a clutch sleeve are sequentially sleeved on the periphery of the clutch drum, the synchronous ring assembly is provided with a reverse conical surface which is matched with a conical surface of the conical surface wheel structures in an attaching manner, the clutch slider is matched with the synchronous ring assembly in an axial, a shifting fork for shifting the clutch sleeve to shift is further arranged in the gearbox shell, and the end part of the shifting fork extends into the shifting fork groove;
trapezoidal convex tooth structures which are mutually matched in a surface fit manner are arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the clutch sleeve and the outer peripheral surface of the clutch slide block;
the two sides of the clutch sleeve facing the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear are respectively provided with a circumferential locking structure, and the circumferential locking structures are used for completely circumferentially locking the clutch sleeve and the high-grade gear or the low-grade gear;
the circumferential locking mechanism comprises positioning pins protruding out of the side faces of the clutch sleeve, and pin holes matched with the positioning pins are formed in the inner side faces of the high-grade gear and the low-grade gear.
2. The two-gear gearbox according to claim 1, wherein the positioning pin is a ball pin, a fitting hole is formed in the side face of the clutch sleeve, the tail of the ball pin is mounted in the fitting hole in a limited manner, and a compression spring for ejecting the ball pin is arranged in the fitting hole.
3. The two-gear gearbox according to claim 1, wherein a knock pin is mounted on the outer periphery of the clutch drum, and a compression spring for pushing the knock pin against the inner periphery of the clutch slider is arranged at the bottom of the knock pin.
4. The two-speed gearbox according to claim 3, wherein the synchronizer ring assembly comprises a first half ring and a second half ring which are respectively matched with the bevel wheel structures of the low-gear and the high-gear, the adjacent ends of the first half ring and the second half ring are provided with uniform annular gap structures, the clutch sliding block is sleeved in an annular groove formed by the annular gap structures, and the ejector pin extends out of a gap between the first half ring and the second half ring to tightly push the clutch sliding block.
5. The two-speed gearbox according to claim 3, wherein a control shaft parallel to the shift shaft is arranged in the gearbox shell, the tail end of the shifting fork is fixedly installed on the control shaft, a boss structure matched with the shift position is arranged at one end of the control shaft, and a shift limit switch matched with the boss structure is arranged at a position adjacent to the end of the control shaft.
6. The two-speed gearbox according to claim 1, wherein a differential case is sleeved on the differential shaft, a peripheral gear of the differential case is meshed with an output gear of the shift shaft, a pair of oppositely arranged differential discs is arranged in the differential case, and a wedge-shaped differential block which can be respectively matched with the two differential discs is arranged between the pair of differential discs.
7. An electric vehicle comprising a two speed gearbox according to any of claims 1 to 6.
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| CN201610864034.4A CN106195192B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | Electric automobile and two-gear gearbox thereof |
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| CN201610864034.4A CN106195192B (en) | 2016-09-29 | 2016-09-29 | Electric automobile and two-gear gearbox thereof |
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| CN106195192B true CN106195192B (en) | 2020-03-17 |
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| CN107366732B (en) * | 2017-07-22 | 2019-12-03 | 朱幕松 | Automatic spring gear shifting differential speed motor |
| CN109450163B (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2024-05-17 | 上海上汽马瑞利动力总成有限公司 | Motor actuator of hybrid system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1030692B (en) * | 1955-03-17 | 1958-05-22 | Egon Martyrer Dr Ing | Synchronization device for heavy, high performance gear change transmissions, especially for road and rail vehicles |
| US3086633A (en) * | 1959-08-13 | 1963-04-23 | Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen | Positive engagement clutch |
| CN201672027U (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2010-12-15 | 重庆钟华机械责任有限公司 | Battery automobile differential transmitter |
| JP2012253873A (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2012-12-20 | Ntn Corp | Variable speed control method of motor driver for vehicle and variable speed control method of vehicle |
| CN202992046U (en) * | 2012-07-20 | 2013-06-12 | 重庆隆旺机电有限责任公司 | Electric vehicle two-gear manual variable speed driving system |
| CN206175598U (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2017-05-17 | 重庆实强机器制造厂 | Electric automobile and two grades of gearboxes thereof |
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2016
- 2016-09-29 CN CN201610864034.4A patent/CN106195192B/en active Active
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