CN103899477B - Regulate the device of wind energy conversion system rotating speed - Google Patents
Regulate the device of wind energy conversion system rotating speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103899477B CN103899477B CN201210579962.8A CN201210579962A CN103899477B CN 103899477 B CN103899477 B CN 103899477B CN 201210579962 A CN201210579962 A CN 201210579962A CN 103899477 B CN103899477 B CN 103899477B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of device that regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed. This device comprises: speed probe, for measuring the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system; Plasma Actuator, comprising: insulating medium layer, is attached on the insulating materials on pneumatic equipment blades made surface; At least one the first exciting electrode group, is arranged on insulating medium layer, produces the low temperature plasma identical with carrying out flow path direction for the region near pneumatic equipment blades made; At least one the second exciting electrode group, is arranged on insulating medium layer, the low temperature plasma for the region generation near pneumatic equipment blades made with incoming flow opposite direction; And controller, for when the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system is during higher than the higher limit of preset rotation speed scope, be communicated with high-voltage ac power and the first exciting electrode group; When the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system is during lower than the lower limit of preset rotation speed scope, be communicated with high-voltage ac power and the second exciting electrode group. The present invention can make wind energy conversion system turn round within the scope of optimized rotating speed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wind power generation, relate in particular to a kind of device that regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed.
Background technology
The energy is the important material base of national economy, is also the primary condition that the mankind depend on for existence, stateThe speed of people's economic development and the raising of living standards of the people all depend on the number that the energy is provided. TraditionThe progressively exhaustion of fossil energy, and pollution to environment, obviously approach energy crisis.
Wind energy is called as " following energy ", and it is as different in coal, oil and atomic energy from traditional energy,Neither can be to environment, also can be exhausted. The developing country of rising gradually in living standard,Wind energy is a kind of simple installation and the effective energy, and be usually can be to remote districts power supply uniqueMode. In industrialized country, wind energy a kind of New Energy of taking into account energy increase-volume and environmental requirement of can yet be regarded asSource.
From the cost of most of energy go up different, along with the progress of technology, the cost of wind energy but underFall, the economy of wind energy is improving constantly. Such as, the generating of a large wind power station of Denmark becomesThis has reduced approximately 2/3rds during the nearly last ten years. The present invention is just for reducing wind power cost, guaranteeWind energy conversion system safe and stable operation proposes.
Wind energy conversion system is in running, and the wind speed and direction in environment is often to change, therefore wind-forceThe rotating speed of machine also can often fluctuate, and makes wind energy conversion system operation off-design operating mode, and this can reduce wind on the one handThe efficiency of power machine capturing wind energy, can cause wind energy conversion system that the fluctuation of energy is provided, if in addition on the other handWind energy conversion system rotating speed is too high also can bring safety problem, as causes the accidents such as pneumatic equipment blades made fracture, thereforeNeed to regulate wind energy conversion system rotating speed, wind energy conversion system is moved as far as possible in the optimum range of speeds,Obtain high as far as possible wind energy utilization. And existing adjusting wind energy conversion system rotating speed mode is all based on machineryMode, as the angle by changing blade, the mechanical system such as angle that changes wind wheel realize wind-forceThe adjusting of machine rotating speed. But, adopt the adjusting wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices of mechanical system not only to increase windThe burden of power machine blade, and because it exists moving component, be very easy to damage, thereby to equipmentLater stage maintenance cause puzzlement.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
For solving above-mentioned one or more problems, the invention provides a kind of wind energy conversion system rotating speed that regulatesDevice, to make as much as possible wind energy conversion system turn round within the scope of optimized rotating speed.
(2) technical scheme
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of device that regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed. This deviceComprise: speed probe, for measuring the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system; High-voltage ac power, is used to firstExciting electrode group and the second exciting electrode group provide high-voltage alternating excitation; Plasma Actuator, comprising:Insulating medium layer, is attached on the insulating materials on pneumatic equipment blades made surface; At least one the first exciting electrodeGroup, is arranged on insulating medium layer, under high-voltage alternating incentive action, at close wind energy conversion system leafThe region of sheet produces the low temperature plasma identical with carrying out flow path direction, to accelerate the rotating speed of pneumatic equipment blades made;At least one the second exciting electrode group, is arranged on insulating medium layer, in high-voltage alternating incentive actionUnder, the low temperature plasma in the region generation near pneumatic equipment blades made with incoming flow opposite direction, to fallThe rotating speed of low pneumatic equipment blades made; And controller, be connected with speed probe, for working as wind energy conversion systemRotating speed during higher than the higher limit of preset rotation speed scope, be communicated with high-voltage ac power and the first exciting electrodeGroup; When the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system is during lower than the lower limit of preset rotation speed scope, be communicated with high-voltage ac power andThe second exciting electrode group.
(3) beneficial effect
Can find out from technique scheme, the present invention regulates the device of wind energy conversion system rotating speed to pass through plasmaBody flow control method regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed, can reduce the fluctuation of wind energy conversion system rotating speed, makes wind energy conversion system fortuneRow, under design conditions, improves the wind energy utilization of wind energy conversion system, and it has following beneficial effect:
(1) plasma exciter structure is simple, lightweight, easy to adjust, can not increase wind energy conversion systemThe burden of blade;
(2) exciting electrode group, by the rotating speed of plasma flow control wind energy conversion system, does not relate to anyMoving component, maintenance and maintenance are comparatively easy;
(3), in conjunction with speed probe, the rotating speed of real-time perception current state apparatus for lower wind machine, does not needHuman intervention, the active that realizes wind energy conversion system rotating speed regulates in real time;
(4) low in energy consumption, the excitation parameters of exciting electrode group easily regulates, and incentive action bandwidthWith, response rapidly, to wind energy conversion system without any negative effect, can ensure that wind energy conversion system is efficient, safety,Stable operation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that regulates the device of wind energy conversion system rotating speed according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that regulates wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices applying plasma driver shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 regulates the first exciting electrode group in wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices exciting electrode group to enter shown in Fig. 2The principle schematic of row ionic drive;
Fig. 4 A has provided at plasma excitation effect apparatus for lower wind machine blade generation flow separation schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 B has provided plasma excitation and has suppressed pneumatic equipment blades made suction surface flow separation schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with concrete realityExecute example, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
It should be noted that, in accompanying drawing or description description, similar or identical part is all used phaseSame figure number. The implementation that does not illustrate in accompanying drawing or describe is ordinary skill in affiliated technical fieldForm known to personnel. In addition, although the demonstration of the parameter that comprises particular value can be provided herein, shouldUnderstand, parameter is without definitely equaling corresponding value, but can be in acceptable error margin or design approximatelyIn bundle, be similar to corresponding value. In addition, the direction term of mentioning in following examples, for example " on ",D score, 'fornt', 'back', " left side ", " right side " etc. are only the directions with reference to accompanying drawing. Therefore, useDirection term be to be not used for limiting the present invention for explanation.
The device of a kind of adjusting wind energy conversion system rotating speed based on plasma flow control of the present invention, is suitable forIn wind turbine system, in pneumatic equipment blades made fixed position arrangement exciting electrode group, apply suitable intensity andThe plasma excitation of frequency, can ensure that wind energy conversion system is moving at optimized rotating speed.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of device that regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed.As shown in Figure 1, this device comprises: speed probe, high-voltage ac power, Plasma ActuatorAnd controller. Speed probe, for measuring the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system. High-voltage ac power, is used toExciting electrode group provides high-voltage alternating excitation. Plasma Actuator, comprising: insulating medium layer, and attachedOn the insulating materials on pneumatic equipment blades made surface; The first exciting electrode group, i.e. following current layout plasmaBody exciting electrode group, is arranged on insulating medium layer, under high-voltage alternating incentive action, is leaning onThe region of nearly pneumatic equipment blades made produces the low temperature plasma identical with carrying out flow path direction, to accelerate wind energy conversion systemThe rotating speed of blade; The second exciting electrode group, adverse current layout plasma excitation electrode group, is arranged atOn insulating medium layer, under high-voltage alternating incentive action, produce in the region near pneumatic equipment blades madeThe low temperature plasma of life and incoming flow opposite direction, to reduce the rotating speed of pneumatic equipment blades made. Controller,Be connected with speed probe, for obtaining tach signal from speed probe, when the rotating speed of wind energy conversion systemDuring higher than the higher limit of preset rotation speed scope, be communicated with high-voltage ac power and the first exciting electrode group; WhenThe rotating speed of wind energy conversion system during lower than the lower limit of preset rotation speed scope, is communicated with high-voltage ac power and second and swashsEncourage electrode group. Wherein, above-mentioned preset rotation speed scope can be safe speed of rotation scope, or optimumThe range of speeds.
Below respectively each part of this adjusting wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices is elaborated.
Speed probe is measured the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system, and it can be the various rotating speeds that provide in prior artSensor is for example magnetoelectric induction, photoelectric effect formula, hall effect type, magnetoresistance formula, JieThe types such as matter is induction. In the device shown in Fig. 1, speed probe is arranged at wind energy conversion system leafOn sheet. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that this speed probe can also be arranged at the wheel of wind energy conversion systemThe positions such as hub, low speed axial region, cabin, or directly utilize existing rotation-speed measuring device on wind energy conversion system.
High-voltage ac power encourages for exciting electrode group provides high-voltage alternating. In prior art, exist eachPlant the high-voltage ac power of various kinds. Those skilled in the art are in conjunction with concrete scene and following exciting electrode groupAssociated description, can very clearly understand the power supply that adopts which kind of type, no longer it is carried out hereinDescribe in detail.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that regulates wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices applying plasma driver shown in Fig. 1. AsShown in Fig. 2, the first exciting electrode group adopts adverse current layout type, comprising: in insulating medium layer both sidesAsymmetricly interlaced arrangement buried electrodes and bare electrode. Wherein, buried electrodes is arranged in flow path directionUpstream, embed insulating medium layer near the inner side of pneumatic equipment blades made, with the ground connection of high-voltage ac powerEnd is connected. Bare electrode is arranged in the downstream of flow path direction, exposed in air, with High Level AC VoltageThe high-pressure side in source is connected.
Fig. 3 regulates the first exciting electrode group in wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices exciting electrode group to enter shown in Fig. 2The principle schematic of row ionic drive. As shown in Figure 3, under the effect of High Level AC Voltage, can be in embeddingEnter buried electrodes in insulating materials top generate light current from low temperature plasma, by ion with inProperty gas molecule collision to boundary layer conveying capacity, make surrounding air form the level that stationary stream amount is zeroDirection jet, accelerates the air current flow in boundary-layer, thus ensure plasma-induced flow direction withMain flow direction is contrary.
The second exciting electrode group adopts following current layout type, comprising: asymmetric in insulating medium layer both sidesGround interlaced arrangement buried electrodes and bare electrode. Wherein, bare electrode is arranged in the upstream of flow path direction,Exposed in air, be connected with the high-pressure side of high-voltage ac power. Buried electrodes is arranged in flow path directionDownstream, embed insulating medium layer near the inner side of pneumatic equipment blades made, with the ground connection of high-voltage ac powerEnd is connected.
It is former that exciting electrode group employing following current arrangement and counter-flow arrangement mode flow at induced airReason aspect is all identical, and its difference is only, plasma inducing while adopting following current arrangementLead flow direction identical with main flow direction, and plasma-induced mobile side while adopting counter-flow arrangement modeTo contrary with main flow direction.
In the present embodiment, the thickness of insulating medium layer is between 0.001 to 100mm, and its material canThink polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), pottery or quartz glass.
In the present embodiment, the number of exciting electrode group can be 1-1000 group. Buried electrodes and exposed electricityThe electrode width of the utmost point is 0.1-100mm, and its shape can be rectangle, positive direction, ellipse, circleShape or trapezoidal etc., its material can be tungsten, molybdenum, steel or copper etc. In the exciting electrode group shown in Fig. 2In, bare electrode and buried electrodes be shaped as rectangle, its material is copper.
As shown in Figure 2, buried electrodes and bare electrode are taked interlaced arrangement mode, bare electrode with coverBury level interval D1 between electrode between 0 to 20mm. Bare electrode and buried electrodes itBetween spacing larger, the driving voltage that need to apply is higher. Space D 2 between adjacent actuators is0-1000mm。
In the present embodiment, the plasma excitation voltage peak that high-voltage ac power provides is 1kV-100kV. Driving voltage is higher, and the effect of plasma excitation is better. If but driving voltage mistakeHeight, can increase extra power consumption, and easily burns insulating materials. After flow separation, this pointDefection has the frequency of concussion, applies the frequency of plasma when identical with this concussion frequency, and effect is best.But the frequency of this air-flow concussion is along with external environment, as the rotating speed of blade changes. Ordinary circumstanceUnder, the frequency of the plasma excitation that high-voltage ac power provides is 1Hz-1000kHz. Preferably,The frequency of plasma is 100Hz-10kHz.
Adopting the thick polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) of 1mm as insulating materials, bare electrode and buried electrodes itBetween the spacing situation that is 2mm under, the peak value of driving voltage is preferably 14kV, plasma excitationFrequency is 1kHz. The power consumption of driver is 900 watts/meter.
The opening and closing of controller control exciting electrode group arrange wind energy conversion system rotating speed in controllerMaximum and minimum of a value, controller obtains the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system by speed probe, when wind energy conversion system turnsWhen speed exceedes maximum, controller sends control signal to high-voltage ac power, makes swashing of counter-flow arrangementEncouraging electrode group starts working; When wind energy conversion system rotating speed is during lower than minimum of a value, controller is to high-voltage ac powerSend control signal, the exciting electrode group that following current is arranged is started working; When wind energy conversion system rotating speed is at optimumIn scope time, controller sends control signal to high-voltage ac power, and whole exciting electrode groups is stoppedOnly work. This controller can be the control chip of computer or other types.
Regulate two kinds of duties of wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices to describe to the present invention below:
In the time that wind energy conversion system rotating speed is too high, utilize situation that plasma excitation reduces wind energy conversion system rotating speed in additionExplanation. Now, utilize plasma excitation to form larger flow separation regions at blade surface. Figure4A has provided at plasma excitation effect apparatus for lower wind machine blade generation flow separation schematic diagram. By scheming4A is as seen under plasma excitation effect, and air-flow is no longer attached on pneumatic equipment blades made, at bladeSuction surface and pressure face on there is flow separation, so just destroyed the original aerodynamic configuration of blade,Can increase blade resistance, reduce blade lift, and then reduce the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system.
In the time that wind energy conversion system rotating speed is too low, utilize situation that plasma excitation improves wind energy conversion system rotating speed in additionExplanation. Now, utilize plasma excitation to reduce the flow separation regions on pneumatic equipment blades made. Fig. 4 BProvide plasma excitation and suppressed pneumatic equipment blades made suction surface flow separation schematic diagram, as seen from Figure 3Under plasma excitation effect, air-flow is attached on pneumatic equipment blades made, blade suction surface flow separationBe inhibited, can reduce like this blade resistance, increase blade lift, and then improve turning of wind energy conversion systemSpeed.
So far it is complete that, the present embodiment regulates the device introduction of wind energy conversion system rotating speed.
It should be noted that, the above-mentioned definition to each element is not limited in to be mentioned in above-described embodimentVarious concrete structures or shape, those of ordinary skill in the art can know simply and replace itChange, for example:
(1) connected mode of exciting electrode group electrode and high-voltage ac power, can also adopt etc. fromThe high-field electrode of sub-driver connects the earth electrode of high-voltage ac power earth terminal, plasma driverConnect the form of the high-pressure side of high-voltage ac power;
(2) zigzag fashion can be made in the edge of exciting electrode group leader square-shaped electrode.
In sum, be different from existing wind energy conversion system rotational speed regulation mode and adopt mechanical system, the present inventionAdjusting wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices based on plasma flow control is a kind of active based on electric excitationFlow control apparatus, plasma flow control is that stream field applies one taking plasma as carrierControlled disturbance can reduce the fluctuation of wind energy conversion system rotating speed, and wind energy conversion system is operated under design conditions, carriesThe wind energy utilization of high wind energy conversion system, ensures that wind energy conversion system is efficient, safety, stable operation.
Above-described specific embodiment, carries out object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effectFurther description, institute it should be understood that the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention and, be not limited to the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any repairing of doingProtection scope of the present invention changes, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should be included in.
Claims (10)
1. a device that regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed, is characterized in that, comprising:
Speed probe, for measuring the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system;
High-voltage ac power, is used to the first exciting electrode group and the second exciting electrode group to provide high pressure to hand overStream excitation;
Plasma Actuator, comprising:
Insulating medium layer, is attached on the insulating materials on pneumatic equipment blades made surface;
At least one the first exciting electrode group, is arranged on described insulating medium layer, at high pressureUnder ac-excited effect, producing near the region of described pneumatic equipment blades made and carrying out identical low of flow path directionIsothermal plasma, to accelerate the rotating speed of described pneumatic equipment blades made;
At least one the second exciting electrode group, is arranged on described insulating medium layer, at high pressureUnder ac-excited effect, producing low with incoming flow opposite direction near the region of described pneumatic equipment blades madeIsothermal plasma, to reduce the rotating speed of described pneumatic equipment blades made; And
Controller, is connected with described speed probe, for when the rotating speed of described wind energy conversion system is higher than in advanceIf when the higher limit of the range of speeds, be communicated with described high-voltage ac power and the first exciting electrode group; Work as windThe rotating speed of power machine during lower than the lower limit of preset rotation speed scope, is communicated with described high-voltage ac power and secondExciting electrode group.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described the first exciting electrode group comprises: buried electrodes, be arranged in the upstream of flow path direction, and embedDescribed insulating medium layer is near the inner side of pneumatic equipment blades made, with the earth terminal phase of described high-voltage ac powerConnect; Bare electrode is arranged in the downstream of flow path direction, exposed in the air in insulating medium layer outside,Be connected with the high-pressure side of described high-voltage ac power;
Described the second exciting electrode group comprises: bare electrode, be arranged in the upstream of flow path direction, and exposedIn the air in insulating medium layer outside, be connected with the high-pressure side of described high-voltage ac power; Bury electricityThe utmost point, is arranged in the downstream of flow path direction, embeds the inner side of described insulating medium layer near pneumatic equipment blades made,Be connected with the earth terminal of described high-voltage ac power.
3. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described the first exciting electrode groupIn the second exciting electrode group: buried electrodes and bare electrode be shaped as rectangle, positive direction, ellipseCircular, circular or trapezoidal, its material is tungsten, molybdenum, steel or copper.
4. device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described buried electrodes and exposedElectrode be shaped as rectangle, its material is copper.
5. device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the described rectangular electricity of buryingThe edge of the utmost point and bare electrode is zigzag.
6. device according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
In described the first exciting electrode group and the second exciting electrode group: between bare electrode and buried electrodesLevel interval between 0 to 20mm;
The peak value of high-voltage alternating that described high-voltage ac power provides excitation between 1kV to 100kV itBetween, frequency is between between 1Hz to 1000kHz.
7. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first exciting electrode groupAnd the sum of the second exciting electrode group is between 2 to 1000 groups.
8. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that: when the first exciting electrode group and/Or the number of the second exciting electrode group is during more than 1, the spacing of adjacent exciting electrode group between 0 toBetween 1000mm, the level interval between bare electrode and buried electrodes is between 0 to 20mm.
9. according to the device described in any one in claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, described exhaustedThe thickness of edge dielectric layer is between 0.001 to 100mm, and its material can be polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), potteryPorcelain or quartz glass.
10. according to the device described in any one in claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, described in turnSpeed sensor is magnetoelectric induction, photoelectric effect formula, hall effect type, magnetoresistance formula or medium electricityThe speed probe of magnetic inductive, it is arranged at pneumatic equipment blades made, wheel hub, low speed axial region or cabin.
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| CN201210579962.8A CN103899477B (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Regulate the device of wind energy conversion system rotating speed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP3018343B1 (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2018-09-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Airflow generation device and wind power generation system |
| CN105592618B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2018-12-07 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | A kind of tubular dielectric barrier discharge plasma propulsion device |
| CN108551715A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-18 | 中国民航大学 | Dielectric barrier discharge plasma air accelerates flow tube |
| JP2020106024A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2020-07-09 | 三星電子株式会社Ｓａｍｓｕｎｇ Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ Ｃｏ．，Ｌｔｄ． | Blower, het exchange unit and air cleaning unit |
| CN112644691B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2023-02-03 | 西安理工大学 | Stepped traveling wave-following plasma exciter capable of being used for drag reduction |
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| KR20130074260A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-04 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Apparatus for controlling wind turbine in extreme wind speeds and method using the same |
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| CN101203674A (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2008-06-18 | 再生动力***股份公司 | Method and system for regulation of the rotational speed of a rotor on a wind energy unit |
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