CN103899477A - Device for adjusting rotation speed of wind turbine - Google Patents
Device for adjusting rotation speed of wind turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103899477A CN103899477A CN201210579962.8A CN201210579962A CN103899477A CN 103899477 A CN103899477 A CN 103899477A CN 201210579962 A CN201210579962 A CN 201210579962A CN 103899477 A CN103899477 A CN 103899477A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
The invention provides a device for adjusting rotation speed of a wind turbine. The device comprises a rotation speed sensor, a plasma exciter, at least one first exciting electrode group, at least one second exciting electrode group and a controller. The rotation speed sensor is used for measuring the rotation speed of the wind turbine. The plasma exciter comprises an insulating medium layer which is attached to the insulation materials on the surfaces of the blades of the wind turbine. Each first exciting electrode group is disposed on the insulating medium layer and used for generating low-temperature plasma, in the same direction with an incoming flow, in an area close to the blades of the wind turbine. Each second exciting electrode group is disposed on the insulating medium layer and used for generating low-temperature plasma, in the opposite direction with the incoming flow, in the area close to the blades of the wind turbine. The controller is used for communicating a high-voltage alternating-current power supply and each first exciting electrode group when the rotation speed of the wind turbine is lower than the lower limit value of a preset rotation speed range. By the device, the wind turbine can operate in the optimal rotation speed range.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of wind power generation, relate in particular to a kind of device that regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed.
Background technique
The energy is the important material base of national economy, is also the primary condition that the mankind depend on for existence, and the speed of the national economic development and the raising of living standards of the people all depend on the number that the energy is provided.The progressively exhaustion of tradition fossil energy, and pollution to environment, obviously approach energy crisis.
Wind energy is called as " following the energy ", and it is as different in coal, oil and atomic power from traditional energy, neither can be to environment, and also can exhaustion.The developing country of rising gradually in living standard, wind energy is a kind of simple installation and the effective energy, and is usually can be to the sole mode of remote districts power supply.In industrialized country, wind energy a kind of novel energy of taking into account energy increase-volume and environmental requirement of can yet be regarded as.
Different in rise from the cost of most of energy, along with the progress of technology, the cost of wind energy but declines, and the Economy of wind energy is improving constantly.Such as, the cost of electricity-generating of a large wind power station of Denmark has reduced approximately 2/3rds during the nearly last ten years.The present invention is just for reducing wind power cost, ensureing that wind energy conversion system safe and stable operation proposes.
Wind energy conversion system is in running, wind speed and direction in environment is often to change, therefore the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system also can often fluctuate, make wind energy conversion system operation off-design operating mode, this can reduce the efficiency of wind energy conversion system capturing wind energy on the one hand, can cause on the other hand wind energy conversion system that the fluctuation of energy is provided, if the too high safety problem of also can bringing of wind energy conversion system rotating speed in addition, as cause the accidents such as pneumatic equipment blades made fracture, therefore need wind energy conversion system rotating speed to regulate, wind energy conversion system is moved as far as possible in optimum speed range, obtain high as far as possible wind energy utilization.And existing adjusting wind energy conversion system rotating speed mode is all the mode based on mechanical, as the angle by changing blade, the machinery type such as angle that changes wind wheel realize the adjusting of wind energy conversion system rotating speed.But, adopt the adjusting wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices of machinery type not only to increase the burden of pneumatic equipment blades made, and because it exists moving element, be very easy to damage, thereby the later stage maintenance of equipment is caused to puzzlement.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
For solving above-mentioned one or more problems, the invention provides a kind of device that regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed, to make as much as possible wind energy conversion system turn round within the scope of optimized rotating speed.
(2) technological scheme
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of device that regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed.This device comprises: speed probe, for measuring the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system; High-voltage ac power, is used to the first exciting electrode group and the second exciting electrode group that high-voltage alternating excitation is provided; Plasma Actuator, comprising: insulating medium layer, is attached on the insulating material on pneumatic equipment blades made surface; At least one the first exciting electrode group, is arranged on insulating medium layer, under high-voltage alternating incentive action, produces the low temperature plasma identical with carrying out flow path direction, to accelerate the rotating speed of pneumatic equipment blades made in the region near pneumatic equipment blades made; At least one the second exciting electrode group, is arranged on insulating medium layer, and under high-voltage alternating incentive action, the low temperature plasma in the region generation near pneumatic equipment blades made with incoming flow opposite direction, to reduce the rotating speed of pneumatic equipment blades made; And controller, be connected with speed probe, for when the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system is during higher than the CLV ceiling limit value of preset rotation speed scope, be communicated with high-voltage ac power and the first exciting electrode group; When the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system is during lower than the lower limit of preset rotation speed scope, be communicated with high-voltage ac power and the second exciting electrode group.
(3) beneficial effect
Can find out from technique scheme, the present invention regulates the device of wind energy conversion system rotating speed to regulate wind energy conversion system rotating speed by method for controlling plasma flow, can reduce the fluctuation of wind energy conversion system rotating speed, wind energy conversion system is operated under design conditions, the wind energy utilization that improves wind energy conversion system, it has following beneficial effect:
(1) plasma exciter structure is simple, lightweight, easy to adjust, can not increase the burden of pneumatic equipment blades made;
(2) exciting electrode group, by the rotating speed of plasma flow control wind energy conversion system, does not relate to any moving element, and maintenance and maintenance are comparatively easy;
(3) in conjunction with speed probe, the rotating speed of real-time perception current state apparatus for lower wind machine, does not need human intervention, and the active that realizes wind energy conversion system rotating speed regulates in real time;
(4) low in energy consumption, the excitation parameters of exciting electrode group easily regulates, and incentive action Bandwidth and, response rapidly, without any negative effect, can ensure that wind energy conversion system is efficient, safety, stable operation to wind energy conversion system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that regulates the device of wind energy conversion system rotating speed according to the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that regulates wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices applying plasma actuator shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 regulates the principle schematic that in wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices exciting electrode group, the first exciting electrode group is carried out ionic drive shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 A has provided at plasma excitation effect apparatus for lower wind machine blade generation flow separation schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 B has provided plasma excitation and has suppressed pneumatic equipment blades made suction surface flow separation schematic diagram.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
It should be noted that, in accompanying drawing or specification description, similar or identical part is all used identical figure number.The implementation that does not illustrate in accompanying drawing or describe is form known to a person of ordinary skill in the art in affiliated technical field.In addition, although the demonstration of the parameter that comprises particular value can be provided herein, should be appreciated that, parameter is without definitely equaling corresponding value, but can in acceptable error margin or design constraints, be similar to corresponding value.In addition, the direction term of mentioning in following examples, for example " on ", D score, 'fornt', 'back', " left side ", " right side " etc., be only the direction with reference to accompanying drawing.Therefore, the direction term of use is to be not used for limiting the present invention for illustrating.
The device of a kind of adjusting wind energy conversion system rotating speed based on plasma flow control of the present invention, be applicable to wind turbine system, in pneumatic equipment blades made fixed position arrangement exciting electrode group, apply the plasma excitation of suitable intensity and frequency, can ensure that wind energy conversion system is moving at optimized rotating speed.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of device that regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed.As shown in Figure 1, this device comprises: speed probe, high-voltage ac power, Plasma Actuator and controller.Speed probe, for measuring the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system.High-voltage ac power, is used to exciting electrode group that high-voltage alternating excitation is provided.Plasma Actuator, comprising: insulating medium layer, is attached on the insulating material on pneumatic equipment blades made surface; The first exciting electrode group, be following current layout plasma excitation electrode group, be arranged on insulating medium layer, under high-voltage alternating incentive action, produce the low temperature plasma identical with carrying out flow path direction in the region near pneumatic equipment blades made, to accelerate the rotating speed of pneumatic equipment blades made; The second exciting electrode group, be adverse current layout plasma excitation electrode group, be arranged on insulating medium layer, under high-voltage alternating incentive action, low temperature plasma in the region generation near pneumatic equipment blades made with incoming flow opposite direction, to reduce the rotating speed of pneumatic equipment blades made.Controller, is connected with speed probe, for obtaining tach signal from speed probe, when the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system is during higher than the CLV ceiling limit value of preset rotation speed scope, is communicated with high-voltage ac power and the first exciting electrode group; When the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system is during lower than the lower limit of preset rotation speed scope, be communicated with high-voltage ac power and the second exciting electrode group.Wherein, above-mentioned preset rotation speed scope can be safe speed of rotation scope, or optimized rotating speed scope.
Below respectively each constituent element of this adjusting wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices is elaborated.
Speed probe is measured the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system, and it can be the various speed probes that provide in prior art, for example, be the types such as magnetoelectric induction, photoelectric effect formula, hall effect type, magnetoresistive effect formula, medium be induction.In the device shown in Fig. 1, speed probe is arranged on pneumatic equipment blades made.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that this speed probe can also be arranged at the positions such as the wheel hub of wind energy conversion system, low speed axial region, cabin, or directly utilize existing rotary speed measurer on wind energy conversion system.
High-voltage ac power encourages for exciting electrode group provides high-voltage alternating.In prior art, exist various high-voltage ac powers.Those skilled in the art, in conjunction with the associated description of concrete scene and following exciting electrode group, can very clearly understand the power supply that adopts which kind of type, are no longer described in greater detail herein.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that regulates wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices applying plasma actuator shown in Fig. 1.As shown in Figure 2, the first exciting electrode group adopts adverse current layout type, comprising: asymmetricly interlaced arrangement buried electrodes and bare electrode in insulating medium layer both sides.Wherein, buried electrodes is arranged in the upstream of flow path direction, embeds the inner side of insulating medium layer near pneumatic equipment blades made, is connected with the grounding end of high-voltage ac power.Bare electrode is arranged in the downstream of flow path direction, exposed in air, is connected with the high voltage terminal of high-voltage ac power.
Fig. 3 regulates the principle schematic that in wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices exciting electrode group, the first exciting electrode group is carried out ionic drive shown in Fig. 2.As shown in Figure 3, under the effect of High Level AC Voltage, can above the buried electrodes embedding in insulating material, generate light current from low temperature plasma, collision by ion and neutral gas molecule is to boundary layer conveying capacity, make surrounding atmosphere form the substantially horizontal jet that stationary stream amount is zero, accelerate the air current flow in boundary layer, thereby ensure that plasma-induced flow direction is contrary with main flow direction.
The second exciting electrode group adopts following current layout type, comprising: asymmetricly interlaced arrangement buried electrodes and bare electrode in insulating medium layer both sides.Wherein, bare electrode is arranged in the upstream of flow path direction, exposed in air, is connected with the high voltage terminal of high-voltage ac power.Buried electrodes is arranged in the downstream of flow path direction, embeds the inner side of insulating medium layer near pneumatic equipment blades made, is connected with the grounding end of high-voltage ac power.
It is being all identical aspect the mobile principle of induced air that exciting electrode group adopts following current arrangement and counter-flow arrangement mode, its difference is only, while adopting following current arrangement, plasma-induced flow direction is identical with main flow direction, and plasma-induced flow direction is contrary with main flow direction when employing counter-flow arrangement mode.
In the present embodiment, the thickness of insulating medium layer is between 0.001 to 100mm, and its material can be teflon, pottery or silica glass.
In the present embodiment, the number of exciting electrode group can be 1-1000 group.The electrode width of buried electrodes and bare electrode is 0.1-100mm, and its shape can be rectangular, postive direction, ellipse, circle or trapezoidal etc., and its material can be tungsten, molybdenum, steel or copper etc.In the exciting electrode group shown in Fig. 2, bare electrode and buried electrodes be shaped as rectangular, its material is copper.
As shown in Figure 2, buried electrodes and bare electrode are taked interlaced arrangement mode, and the level interval D1 between bare electrode and buried electrodes is between 0 to 20mm.Spacing between bare electrode and buried electrodes is larger, and the energizing voltage that need to apply is higher.Space D 2 between adjacent actuators is 0-1000mm.
In the present embodiment, the plasma excitation voltage peak that high-voltage ac power provides is 1kV-100kV.Energizing voltage is higher, and the effect of plasma excitation is better.If but energizing voltage is too high, can increases extra power consumption, and easily burn insulating material.After airflow breakaway, this separation has the frequency of concussion, applies the frequency of plasma when identical with this concussion frequency, and effect is best.But the frequency of this air-flow concussion is along with external environment, as the rotating speed of blade changes.The frequency of the plasma excitation that generally, high-voltage ac power provides is 1Hz-1000kHz.Preferably, the frequency of plasma is 100Hz-10kHz.
Adopting the thick teflon of 1mm as insulating material, in the situation that the spacing between bare electrode and buried electrodes is 2mm, the peak value of energizing voltage is preferably 14kV, and plasma excitation frequency is 1kHz.The power consumption of actuator is 900 watts/meter.
The opening and closing of controller control exciting electrode group, maximum value and the minimum value of wind energy conversion system rotating speed are set in controller, controller obtains the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system by speed probe, in the time that wind energy conversion system rotating speed exceedes maximum value, controller sends control signal to high-voltage ac power, and the exciting electrode group of counter-flow arrangement is started working; When wind energy conversion system rotating speed is during lower than minimum value, controller sends control signal to high-voltage ac power, and the exciting electrode group that following current is arranged is started working; In the time that wind energy conversion system rotating speed is in optimized scope, controller sends control signal to high-voltage ac power, and whole exciting electrode groups is quit work.This controller can be the control chip of computer or other types.
Regulate two kinds of working staties of wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices to describe to the present invention below:
In the time that wind energy conversion system rotating speed is too high, the situation of utilizing plasma excitation to reduce wind energy conversion system rotating speed is illustrated.Now, utilize plasma excitation to form larger flow separation regions at blade surface.Fig. 4 A has provided at plasma excitation effect apparatus for lower wind machine blade generation flow separation schematic diagram.By Fig. 4 A as seen under plasma excitation effect, air-flow is no longer attached on pneumatic equipment blades made, on the suction surface of blade and pressure side, flow separation has occurred, and has so just destroyed the original aerodynamic configuration of blade, can increase blade resistance, reduce blade lift, and then reduce the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system.
In the time that wind energy conversion system rotating speed is too low, the situation of utilizing plasma excitation to improve wind energy conversion system rotating speed is illustrated.Now, utilize plasma excitation to reduce the flow separation regions on pneumatic equipment blades made.Fig. 4 B has provided plasma excitation and has suppressed pneumatic equipment blades made suction surface flow separation schematic diagram, as seen from Figure 3 under plasma excitation effect, air-flow is attached on pneumatic equipment blades made, blade suction surface flow separation is inhibited, can reduce like this blade resistance, increase blade lift, and then improve the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system.
So far it is complete that, the present embodiment regulates the device introduction of wind energy conversion system rotating speed.
It should be noted that, the above-mentioned definition to each element is not limited in various concrete structures or the shape in above-described embodiment, mentioned, and those of ordinary skill in the art can know simply and replace it, for example:
(1) Placement of exciting electrode group electrode and high-voltage ac power, can also adopt the high-field electrode of plasma actuator to connect the form of the high voltage terminal of the ground electrode connection high-voltage ac power of high-voltage ac power grounding end, plasma actuator;
(2) zigzag fashion can be made in the edge of exciting electrode group leader square-shaped electrode.
In sum, be different from existing wind energy conversion system rotational speed regulation mode and adopt machinery type, the adjusting wind energy conversion system rotational speed devices that the present invention is based on plasma flow control is a kind of active Flow Control device based on electric excitation, plasma flow control is taking plasma as carrier, stream field applies a kind of controlled disturbance and can reduce the fluctuation of wind energy conversion system rotating speed, wind energy conversion system is operated under design conditions, improve the wind energy utilization of wind energy conversion system, ensure that wind energy conversion system is efficient, safety, stable operation.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technological scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a device that regulates wind energy conversion system rotating speed, is characterized in that, comprising:
Speed probe, for measuring the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system;
High-voltage ac power, is used to the first exciting electrode group and the second exciting electrode group that high-voltage alternating excitation is provided;
Plasma Actuator, comprising:
Insulating medium layer, is attached on the insulating material on pneumatic equipment blades made surface;
At least one the first exciting electrode group, is arranged on described insulating medium layer, under high-voltage alternating incentive action, produces the low temperature plasma identical with carrying out flow path direction, to accelerate the rotating speed of described pneumatic equipment blades made in the region near described pneumatic equipment blades made;
At least one the second exciting electrode group, is arranged on described insulating medium layer, and under high-voltage alternating incentive action, the low temperature plasma in the region generation near described pneumatic equipment blades made with incoming flow opposite direction, to reduce the rotating speed of described pneumatic equipment blades made; And
Controller, is connected with described speed probe, for when the rotating speed of described wind energy conversion system is during higher than the CLV ceiling limit value of preset rotation speed scope, is communicated with described high-voltage ac power and the first exciting electrode group; When the rotating speed of wind energy conversion system is during lower than the lower limit of preset rotation speed scope, be communicated with described high-voltage ac power and the second exciting electrode group.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Described the first exciting electrode group comprises: buried electrodes, be arranged in the upstream of flow path direction, and embed the inner side of described insulating medium layer near pneumatic equipment blades made, be connected with the grounding end of described high-voltage ac power; Bare electrode is arranged in the downstream of flow path direction, exposed in the air in insulating medium layer outside, is connected with the high voltage terminal of described high-voltage ac power;
Described the second exciting electrode group comprises: bare electrode, be arranged in the upstream of flow path direction, and exposed in the air in insulating medium layer outside, be connected with the high voltage terminal of described high-voltage ac power; Buried electrodes, is arranged in the downstream of flow path direction, embeds the inner side of described insulating medium layer near pneumatic equipment blades made, is connected with the grounding end of described high-voltage ac power.
3. device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described the first exciting electrode group and the second exciting electrode group: buried electrodes and bare electrode be shaped as rectangular, postive direction, ellipse, circle or trapezoidal, its material is tungsten, molybdenum, steel or copper.
4. device according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described buried electrodes and bare electrode be shaped as rectangular, its material is copper.
5. device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the edge of described rectangular buried electrodes and bare electrode is flexuose.
6. device according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
In described the first exciting electrode group and the second exciting electrode group: the level interval between bare electrode and buried electrodes is between 0 to 20mm;
The peak value of the high-voltage alternating excitation that described high-voltage ac power provides is between between 1kV to 100kV, and frequency is between between 1Hz to 1000kHz.
7. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sum of described the first exciting electrode group and the second exciting electrode group is between 2 to 1000 groups.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: when the number of the first exciting electrode group and/or the second exciting electrode group is during more than 1, the spacing of adjacent exciting electrode group is between 0 to 1000mm, and the level interval between bare electrode and buried electrodes is between 0 to 20mm.
9. according to the device described in any one in claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, the thickness of described insulating medium layer is between 0.001 to 100mm, and its material can be teflon, pottery or silica glass.
10. according to the device described in any one in claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, described speed probe is magnetoelectric induction, photoelectric effect formula, hall effect type, magnetoresistive effect formula or the induction speed probe of medium, and it is arranged at pneumatic equipment blades made, wheel hub, low speed axial region or cabin.
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| CN201210579962.8A CN103899477B (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Regulate the device of wind energy conversion system rotating speed |
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| CN201210579962.8A CN103899477B (en) | 2012-12-27 | 2012-12-27 | Regulate the device of wind energy conversion system rotating speed |
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Cited By (5)
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| EP3018343A1 (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-05-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Airflow generation device and wind power generation system |
| CN105592618A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Cylindrical dielectric barrier discharge plasma propelling device |
| CN108551715A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-18 | 中国民航大学 | Dielectric barrier discharge plasma air accelerates flow tube |
| CN112644691A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-04-13 | 西安理工大学 | Stepped traveling wave-following plasma exciter capable of being used for drag reduction |
| CN113227668A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2021-08-06 | 三星电子株式会社 | Blower and air conditioner having the same |
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| KR20130074260A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-04 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Apparatus for controlling wind turbine in extreme wind speeds and method using the same |
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| CN101203674A (en) * | 2005-06-21 | 2008-06-18 | 再生动力***股份公司 | Method and system for regulation of the rotational speed of a rotor on a wind energy unit |
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| KR20130074260A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-04 | 대우조선해양 주식회사 | Apparatus for controlling wind turbine in extreme wind speeds and method using the same |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3018343A1 (en) * | 2014-11-06 | 2016-05-11 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Airflow generation device and wind power generation system |
| US10138871B2 (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2018-11-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Airflow generation device and wind power generation system |
| CN105592618A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Cylindrical dielectric barrier discharge plasma propelling device |
| CN108551715A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-18 | 中国民航大学 | Dielectric barrier discharge plasma air accelerates flow tube |
| CN113227668A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2021-08-06 | 三星电子株式会社 | Blower and air conditioner having the same |
| CN112644691A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-04-13 | 西安理工大学 | Stepped traveling wave-following plasma exciter capable of being used for drag reduction |
| CN112644691B (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2023-02-03 | 西安理工大学 | Stepped traveling wave-following plasma exciter capable of being used for drag reduction |
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