CN103887983A - Control method for double-tube cascade type buck-boost converter - Google Patents
Control method for double-tube cascade type buck-boost converter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the control technology for converters, and provides a control method for a double-tube cascade type buck-boost converter. According to the control method, reverse recovery loss of a diode in a main circuit is eliminated in an inductive current critical intermittent control mode; an input voltage and an output voltage are sampled and compared with each other, and then the working mode of the main circuit is selected, wherein when the output voltage is larger than the input voltage, the circuit works in the boost mode, and when the output voltage is smaller than the input voltage, the circuit works in the buck-boost mode; an input current achieves smooth transition in two adjacent switching periods at the switching point by controlling the switching conduction time in the buck-boost mode to be larger than the switching conduction time in the boost mode. According to the control method for the double-tube cascade type buck-boost converter, wide-range input and wide-range output of the converter are achieved, the reverse recovery loss of the diode in the main circuit of the converter is eliminated through inductive current critical intermittent control, smooth transition of the input current is achieved by controlling constant conduction time scales in different working modes of the circuit, and the power factor is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control method of two-tube cascade connection type buck-boost current transformer, be particularly applied to the power factor correction occasion of high efficiency, low Harmonics of Input, wide region input, output.
Background technology
Because can making input AC current waveform, the non-linear element in most power consumption equipment and energy-storage travelling wave tube there is serious distortion, net side input power factor is very low, for meeting the harmonic requirement of international standard IEC61000-3-2, must in these power consumption equipments, add power factor correction (Power factor correction, PFC) circuit.Under high-power LED illumination application scenario, because LED module voltage is different, and lamp applications is in country variant area, and the pfc circuit therefore with wide region input, output voltage is necessary.General (Boost) topology of boosting that adopts of traditional APFC, control easily, drive power factor simple and can carry out switch, input current in whole power frequency period close to 1 advantage because Boost has, but there is at wide region input section (90Vac-265Vac) Boost circuit the shortcoming that input voltage is high.Traditional circuit topology with wide range output voltage range has buck-boost, flyback, SEPIC, Cuk circuit, but has voltage, current stress is high, output voltage is reverse problem.The two-tube buck-boost circuit output voltage of cascade connection type and input voltage in the same way, and have wide range output voltage capability, and on device, electric current and voltage stress is less, are therefore suitable for high-power wide region input, wide range output occasion (Fig. 1).
(Ghanem, M.C. under continuous current mode control (CCM) mode of two-tube cascade buck-boost circuit; Al-Haddad, K.; Roy, G., " A new single phase buck-boost converter with unity power factor; " Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting, 1993., Conference Record of the1993IEEE, vol., no., pp.785,792vol.2,2-8Oct1993), in the time that output voltage is lower than the peak value of input voltage, circuit works in Buck pattern and boost pattern (Fig. 2,3) in half power frequency period.Due to the working method of CCM, there is serious reverse-recovery problems in the diode in main circuit.And because buck pattern can not seamlessly transit to boost mode switch points place input current, there is current distortion.(Ray-Lee Lin under critical current mode discontinuous control (BCM) mode; Rui-Che Wang, " Non-inverting buck-boostpower-factor-correction converter with wide input-voltage-range applications; " IECON2010-36th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, vol., no., pp.599,604,7-10Nov.2010), eliminate the reverse recovery of diode in main circuit, but due to the action simultaneously all the time of two switching tubes, inductive current peak has been increased, cause inductor size to become large, Efficiency Decreasing (Fig. 4).
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is, overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and the control method of the cascade connection type buck-boost current transformer of a kind of wide region input, wide range output is provided.Circuit working in the present invention the interrupted boost of critical current mode and buck-boost double mode under, adopt the control program of the corresponding different ON time of different main circuit mode of operations, eliminate diode reverse recovery loss, guarantee input current Iin smooth transition in the time that different mode switches.Make the requirement that whole input voltage range internal power factor is high, current harmonics meets IEC61000-3-2Class C.
For addressing the above problem, solution of the present invention is:
A kind of control method of two-tube cascade connection type buck-boost current transformer is provided, and is to adopt critical current mode discontinuous control mode, eliminates diode reverse recovery pressure drop in main circuit; By to input, output voltage sampling alternative main circuit mode of operation: when output voltage during higher than input voltage circuit working in boost pattern, when output voltage during lower than input voltage circuit working in buck-boost pattern; Be greater than the switch conduction time under boost pattern by the switch conduction time of controlling under buck-boost pattern, input current is seamlessly transitted in adjacent two switch periods at switching point place.
Improvement as the control method of cascade connection type buck-boost current transformer of the present invention: the present invention adopts critical current mode discontinuous control mode, output voltage V tran after input voltage and certain proportion dividing potential drop is compared and selects main circuit mode of operation, while making input voltage lower than output voltage, just carry out the switching of main circuit mode of operation, thereby thereby guarantee that noise can too lowly not appear in the operating frequency of the lower boost mode of operation of BCM control.
The present invention further provides the control circuit of the two-tube cascade connection type buck-boost current transformer for realizing preceding method, this control circuit is connected to respectively two gate leves of buck-boost current transformer main circuit by two drive circuits; Described control circuit comprises: input voltage sampling unit, output voltage sampling unit, error amplifying circuit, PWM circuit for generating, ON time control circuit and inductive current zero cross detection circuit;
Described two drive circuits comprise the second drive circuit, with or the Bootstrapping drive circuit that is connected of door; Input voltage sampling unit and output voltage sampling unit comprise respectively the resistance of two series connection, and its mid point is respectively as the output of sampling unit separately; The output of input voltage sampling unit, output voltage sampling unit connects respectively negative terminal and the anode of the second comparator, and the output of the second comparator connects input described or door; The second comparator is by the magnitude relationship of input voltage, output voltage relatively, determines that circuit working, in buck-boot pattern or boost pattern, controls the permanent ON time under different working modes simultaneously.
Described PWM circuit for generating comprises the first comparator and R/S trigger, and the forward output of R/S trigger is connected to described or the input of door and the input of the second drive circuit; The output of output voltage sampling unit is connected to the negative terminal of the first comparator through error amplifying circuit, the output of the first comparator is connected with the R end of R/S trigger; The S end of R/S trigger is connected to inductive current zero cross detection circuit;
Described ON time control circuit comprises two constant current source circuits, two switching tubes, isolating diode, not gate and charging capacitor; Wherein, a termination second constant current source circuit of second switch pipe, other end ground connection, its gate leve is connected to the inverse output terminal of R/S trigger; The first constant current source circuit connects one end of anode and first switching tube of isolating diode, the other end ground connection of the first switching tube; The input of not gate N connects the output of the second comparator, and the output of not gate N connects the gate leve of the first switching tube K1; The negative terminal of isolating diode connects the anode of charging capacitor one end and described the first comparator, charging capacitor other end ground connection.Input voltage and output voltage sampling comparison value, by non-gate control the first switching tube, make the first constant current source short circuit or charge to charging capacitor by isolating diode; In ON time control circuit, pass through the control of the second constant current source circuit to realize the different ON time of correspondence under two kinds of patterns.By making the average current of adjacent two switch periods in switching point place identical, can determine two ON time ratios under pattern, thereby determine the size of two current sources.
In the present invention, described two constant current source circuits have identical circuit structure, comprise respectively three resistance and a PNP triode; Wherein, there are two resistance mutually to connect, one termination power Vcc, other end ground connection, mid point connects the base stage of PNP triode; The level of penetrating of PNP triode is connected to power Vcc through another resistance, and its collector electrode connects with corresponding switching tube.
In the present invention, described error amplifying circuit comprises amplifier, compensating network and reference power supply; The output access negative terminal of amplifier and one end of compensating network of output voltage sampling unit, the negative terminal of output termination first comparator of the other end of compensating network and amplifier, the anode of the positive termination reference power supply of amplifier, the other end ground connection of reference power supply.
In the present invention, described inductive current zero cross detection circuit comprises a coupling inductance, resistance and the 3rd comparator; One end ground connection of coupling inductance, the other end connects the negative terminal of the 3rd comparator by resistance, the positive ending grounding of the 3rd comparator, the S end of R/S trigger described in its output termination.The input of inductive current zero cross detection circuit is inductor current signal, is converted into voltage signal through resistance, and the S that outputs to more afterwards R/S trigger with benchmark holds.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) by simple control circuit realize critical conduction mode double mode (boost and buck-boost) control.
2) realize wide region input, wide range output, and output can be forced down than input peak electricity.
3) work in boost pattern during lower than output voltage at input voltage, reduce inductive current, obtain more high efficiency.
4) inductive current works in critical conduction mode, has eliminated the reverse recovery of diode.
5) by controlling the permanent ON time of difference under two kinds of patterns, average current input is seamlessly transitted in pattern switching place, reduce current distortion and harmonic components, obtain more High Power Factor.
In sum, the present invention proposes a kind of cascade connection type buck-boost converter control method, realized the power factor emendation function under the input of current transformer wide region, wide range output; Select main circuit to work in boost pattern or buck-boost pattern by control circuit to the sampling of the input of cascade connection type buck-boost current transformer, output, the input of current transformer wide region, wide range output are realized, with the control of inductive current critical discontinuous, eliminate diode reverse recovery loss in current transformer main circuit, permanent ON time ratio by control circuit under different working modes, realize seamlessly transitting of input current, improve power factor.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is two-tube cascade connection type buck-boost current transformer topology;
Fig. 2 is the buck mode control method of CCM;
Fig. 3 is the boost mode control method of CCM;
Fig. 4 is the buck-boost monotype control method of BCM;
Fig. 5 is that control method of the present invention and main circuit are wanted oscillogram;
Fig. 6 is control method block diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is specific embodiments of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals in Fig. 6,7: 1.1 input voltage sampling units; 1.2 output voltage sampling units; 2 ON time control circuits; 3 inductive current zero cross detection circuits; 4 error amplifying circuits; 5PWM circuit for generating; 6 drive circuits; 6.1 Bootstrapping drive circuit; 6.2 second drive circuits; O or door.
Embodiment
Below by concrete example, also the present invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings.
With reference to Fig. 5, it is the main oscillogram of Fig. 1 circuit, (a) in Fig. 5 is circuit input voltage vin output voltage V out and output voltage partial pressure value Vtran waveform, in the time that input voltage vin is less than switched voltage Vtran, circuit working is in boost pattern, in the time that input voltage vin is greater than switched voltage Vtran, circuit working is in buck-boost pattern.(b) in Fig. 5 is the exemplary waveforms of two switching tubes in half switch periods, in boost pattern, and the permanent conducting of switching tube Q1 in main circuit, switching tube Q2 carries out switch motion, and the ON time in a switch periods is Ton; In buck-boost pattern, two switching tubes of main circuit carry out switch motion simultaneously, and the ON time in a switch periods is kTon.(c) in Fig. 5 is inductive current waveform and average current input Iin in circuit.When switching tube is opened, the inductive current rising of starting from scratch; When switching tube turn-offs, inductive current drops to zero from peak value.By adjusting the ratio k of ON time under two patterns, guarantee that input current seamlessly transits in the time that pattern is switched.
With reference to Fig. 7, be specific embodiment of the invention case.
Input voltage sampling unit 1.1 comprises 2 divider resistance R3, R4, and output voltage sampling unit 1.2 comprises 2 divider resistance R1, R2.Error amplifying circuit 4 comprises an amplifier OP1, a compensating network, a reference power supply Vref.Output voltage accesses the negative terminal of amplifier OP1 after resistance R 1, R2 dividing potential drop, the negative terminal of amplifier OP1 connects one end of compensating network Z again, the negative terminal of output termination the first comparator C P1 of amplifier OP1, the anode of the positive termination reference power supply of amplifier OP1, the other end ground connection of reference power supply, the output of another termination amplifier OP1 of compensating network Z.Output voltage regulates part for feedback voltage signal, by compensating network, error signal is amplified, and a benchmark of part occurs as PWM.Input voltage accesses the negative terminal of the second comparator C P2 after resistance R 3, R4 dividing potential drop, output voltage accesses the anode of the second comparator C P2 after resistance R 1, R2 dividing potential drop, input and output voltage sampling relatively after output signal to the ON time under different mode, drive signal to control.
Described inductive current zero cross detection circuit 3 comprises a coupling inductance L1, resistance R zcd and the 3rd comparator C P3.One end ground connection of coupling inductance L1, the other end connects the 3rd comparator C P3 negative terminal by resistance R zcd, the 3rd comparator C P3 positive ending grounding, the S end of output termination R/S trigger F1.The input of inductive current zero cross detection circuit 3 is inductor current signal, and through resistance R, zcd is converted into voltage signal, and in the output signal control PWM circuit for generating 5 with benchmark after relatively, switching tube is open-minded in the time of inductive current zero passage.
Described ON time control circuit 2 comprises two constant current source circuits, two switching tube K1, K2, isolating diode Dm, not gate N and charging capacitor CT.Two described constant current source circuits comprise two PNP triode Qa, Qb, six resistance R 5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10.Wherein R5 one end connects power Vcc, and the other end connects the level of penetrating of Qa; R6 one end connects power Vcc, and one end connects the base stage of Qa in addition; R7 one end connects the base stage of Qa, one end ground connection in addition; Qa collector electrode connects charging capacitor CT one end, the other one end of CT ground connection; The collector electrode of Qa connects one end of second switch pipe K2, other one end ground connection of second switch pipe K2, and second switch pipe K2 gate leve connects the inverse output terminal of R/S trigger F1.R8 one end connects power Vcc, and the other end connects the level of penetrating of Qb; R9 one end connects power Vcc, and one end connects the base stage of Qb in addition; R10 one end connects the base stage of Qb, one end ground connection in addition; The collector electrode of Qb connects the anode of diode Dm, and the negative terminal of diode Dm connects charging capacitor CT one end; One end of the collector electrode connecting valve pipe K1 of Qb, other one end ground connection of the first switching tube K1, the first switching tube K1 gate leve connects the output of not gate N, and the input of not gate connects the output of comparator C P2.By controlling different currents under different mode, CT is charged, realize ON time corresponding different under different mode.
Described PWM circuit for generating 5 comprises the first comparator C P1 and a R/S trigger F1.The forward output of R/S trigger F1 is connected in drive circuit or the input of O input one end and the second drive circuit 6.2, and the inverse output terminal of R/S trigger F1 is connected to the control end of second switch pipe K2.The negative terminal of the first comparator C P1 is connected with the output of amplifier OP1, and the anode of the first comparator C P1 is connected with charging capacitor CT one end, and the output of the first comparator C P1 is connected with the R end of R/S trigger F1.
Described drive circuit 6 comprises Bootstrapping drive circuit 6.1, the second drive circuit 6.2 or door O.The input of the second drive circuit 6.2 is connected with the forward output of R/S trigger F1; Or an input of door O is connected with the forward output of R/S trigger F1, or another input of O is connected with the output of the second comparator C P2, or the output of an O is connected with the input of Bootstrapping drive circuit 1; The output of the second drive circuit 6.2 is connected with the gate leve of main circuit Q2, and the output of Bootstrapping drive circuit 6.1 is connected with the gate leve of main circuit Q1.
Should be understood that: what enumerate above is only specific embodiments of the invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above embodiment, can also have many distortion.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention, all should think the protection range of inventing.
Claims (6)
1. a control method for two-tube cascade connection type buck-boost current transformer, is characterized in that, is to adopt critical current mode discontinuous control mode, eliminates diode reverse recovery loss in main circuit; By to input, output voltage sampling alternative main circuit mode of operation: when output voltage during higher than input voltage circuit working in boost pattern, when output voltage during lower than input voltage circuit working in buck-boost pattern; Be greater than the switch conduction time under boost pattern by the switch conduction time of controlling under buck-boost pattern, input current is seamlessly transitted in adjacent two switch periods at switching point place.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, adopt critical current mode discontinuous control mode, output voltage V tran after input voltage and certain proportion dividing potential drop is compared and selects main circuit mode of operation, while making input voltage lower than output voltage, just carry out the switching of main circuit mode of operation, thereby thereby guarantee that noise can too lowly not appear in the operating frequency of the lower boost mode of operation of BCM control.
3. for realizing a control circuit for the two-tube cascade connection type buck-boost current transformer of method described in claim 1, this control circuit is connected to respectively two gate leves of buck-boost current transformer main circuit by two drive circuits; It is characterized in that, described control circuit comprises: input voltage sampling unit, output voltage sampling unit, error amplifying circuit, PWM circuit for generating, ON time control circuit and inductive current zero cross detection circuit;
Described two drive circuits comprise the second drive circuit, with or the Bootstrapping drive circuit that is connected of door; Input voltage sampling unit and output voltage sampling unit comprise respectively the resistance of two series connection, and its mid point is respectively as the output of sampling unit separately; The output of input voltage sampling unit, output voltage sampling unit connects respectively negative terminal and the anode of the second comparator, and the output of the second comparator connects input described or door;
Described PWM circuit for generating comprises the first comparator and R/S trigger, and the forward output of R/S trigger is connected to described or the input of door and the input of the second drive circuit; The output of output voltage sampling unit is connected to the negative terminal of the first comparator through error amplifying circuit, the output of the first comparator is connected with the R end of R/S trigger; The S end of R/S trigger is connected to inductive current zero cross detection circuit;
Described ON time control circuit comprises two constant current source circuits, two switching tubes, isolating diode, not gate and charging capacitor; Wherein, a termination second constant current source circuit of second switch pipe, other end ground connection, its gate leve is connected to the inverse output terminal of R/S trigger; The first constant current source circuit connects one end of anode and first switching tube of isolating diode, the other end ground connection of the first switching tube; The input of not gate N connects the output of the second comparator, and the output of not gate N connects the gate leve of the first switching tube K1; The negative terminal of isolating diode connects the anode of charging capacitor one end and described the first comparator, charging capacitor other end ground connection.
4. control circuit according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described two constant current source circuits have identical circuit structure, comprises respectively three resistance and a PNP triode; Wherein, there are two resistance mutually to connect, one termination power Vcc, other end ground connection, mid point connects the base stage of PNP triode; The level of penetrating of PNP triode is connected to power Vcc through another resistance, and its collector electrode connects with corresponding switching tube.
5. control circuit according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described error amplifying circuit comprises amplifier, compensating network and reference power supply; The output access negative terminal of amplifier and one end of compensating network of output voltage sampling unit, the negative terminal of output termination first comparator of the other end of compensating network and amplifier, the anode of the positive termination reference power supply of amplifier, the other end ground connection of reference power supply.
6. control circuit according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described inductive current zero cross detection circuit comprises a coupling inductance, resistance and the 3rd comparator; One end ground connection of coupling inductance, the other end connects the negative terminal of the 3rd comparator by resistance, the positive ending grounding of the 3rd comparator, the S end of R/S trigger described in its output termination.
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| CN106655835A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 西华大学 | Single-inductor two-stage typological structure converter and control method thereof |
| CN110289771A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-27 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Household appliance and its voltage regulator circuit |
| CN113300597A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-08-24 | 深圳市爱图仕影像器材有限公司 | Step-up/step-down circuit and bidirectional power converter |
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Application publication date: 20140625 |