CN103875397B - The modification method of cigarette cultivation under a kind of film - Google Patents
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- CN103875397B CN103875397B CN201410088396.XA CN201410088396A CN103875397B CN 103875397 B CN103875397 B CN 103875397B CN 201410088396 A CN201410088396 A CN 201410088396A CN 103875397 B CN103875397 B CN 103875397B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the modification method of cigarette cultivation under a kind of film, mainly within 2 ~ 4 weeks, carry out drawing seedling after cigarette strain is transplanted.It was verified that draw seedling after teleblem to be easily caused cigarette strain burn seedlings, affect cigarette strain dry-matter accumulation, and centering, lower blade growth are unfavorable, and the modification method that the present invention sets up carries out drawing seedling when the most non-teleblem of cigarette strain.Cigarette strain can be remarkably promoted grow, improve cigarette strain biomass, improve lower tobacco leaf quality, and improve quality of tobacco further, show tobacco style.Therefore the cultural method of the present invention is suitable to the cultivation of the Main Tobacco-growing Regions In South cigarette strains such as Fujian, has significant using value and economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, be specifically related to the modification method of cigarette cultivation under a kind of film.
Background technology
In recent years, along with agricultural restructuring, rural area pattern of farming there occurs great changes, agroecological environment residing for cured tobacco production also there occurs great changes, particularly the increase of various places green house of vegetables quantity, provides, for insect pests such as aphids, place of more surviving the winter so that the virosis that insect pest generation and insect pest are propagated increases significantly, the product matter benefit causing vega is greatly reduced, and has a strong impact on the production development of flue-cured tobacco industry.
Under film, cigarette cultivation will tobacco seedlings be transplanted in cave, top, ridge, and the aerial part of tobacco seedlings covers under film, makes tobacco seedlings grow 15-30 days under mulch film, draws the cultural method of face the most again.Compared with planting summer cigarette with northern and Southwest tobacco-growing areas, spring cigarette is mainly planted in the cigarette district, the southeast such as Fujian, and the growth period of tobacco seedlings and the growth conditions of needs have had relatively big difference.Method for transplanting (CN under the cigarette strain film of existing patent proposition adaptation Main Tobacco-growing Regions In South condition
103430716A), i.e. carrying out drawing seedling when tobacco seedlings teleblem, according to different regions, its teleblem time substantially Fujian 35～40 days, 20-25 days, Yunnan, and experiment prove to transplant under cigarette strain film and draw after cigarette strain teleblem seedling deeper than on film to plant effect preferable.But, draw seedling after cigarette strain teleblem and be easily caused cigarette strain burn seedlings, affect cigarette strain dry-matter accumulation, and unfavorable to lower blade growth.Therefore, the present invention establishes cigarette cultivation modification method under a kind of film being suitable to the ground cigarette strain plantations such as Fujian, this cultural method has and alleviates disease, promote tobacco seedlings to send out fast long morning, improve cigarette strain biomass accumulation, particularly raising cigarette strain biomass accumulation in early days is had remarkable effect, and quality of tobacco can be improved, show tobacco leaf delicate fragrance type style, especially in improving, lower tobacco leaf quality and in showing, the effect of lower tobacco leaf style particularly evident, there is higher promotional value.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the modification method of the cultivation of cigarette under a kind of film, cigarette strain can be remarkably promoted and grow, improve cigarette strain biomass accumulation in early days, in improvement, lower tobacco leaf quality, in showing, lower tobacco leaf style.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
Under a kind of film, the modification method of cigarette cultivation, mainly comprises the steps that
1) nursery: last year carries out nursery to late January then by the end of October；
2) ridge-forming and fertilizing: ridging when water capacity reaches 70% ~ 75%, row spacing 110 ~ 120 cm, high 25 cm in ridge, ridge is pushed up in pointed；Transplanting front 2 d～3 d, open bar ditch at top, ridge, bar ditch depth 15 cm, then applies fertilizer special for tobacco and fertilizer makees base manure；After earthing, the fertilizer degree of depth pushes up 15 cm away from ridge；
3) transplanting: carry out selecting seedling after late January to early Febuary tobacco seedlings seedling, select healthy and strong, neat, have 7 ~ 8 leaves, stem is high by 5
The tobacco seedlings of cm ~ 8 cm is transplanted；During transplanting, brood is dug every 50 cm in cigarette ridge, nest wide 8 cm～10 cm, deep 15 cm, it is then placed in tobacco seedlings, tobacco seedlings surrounding applies Nutrition Soil again, waters and once determine root water after transplanting, sprays an insecticide；
4) epiphragma: tobacco seedlings carries out epiphragma after transplanting, film is strained, surrounding soil compaction；
5) draw seedling: after transplanting 2 ~ 4 weeks, carry out drawing seedling during the most non-teleblem of cigarette strain, make tobacco seedlings blade be exposed on face；
6) ridging: late March, carries out lifting film ridging, starts mulch film, remove the weeds on cigarette ridge during cigarette strain group, by except under weeds and ridge soil overlay on cigarette strain basal part of stem, it is ensured that ridge body is full；After ridging, covering with ground sheeting is returned cigarette ridge；
7) taking off film: tobacco seedlings epiphragma 80 d～90 d, during cigarette strain length to prosperous long later stage, thrown off by film, tobacco seedlings carries out Routine Management.
Nutrition Soil described in step 3) is with fertilizer special for tobacco 3 kg, cattle pen excrement 30kg, the calcium magnesium phosphate 10kg become thoroughly decomposed, and burns soil 50kg and fine earth 150kg, in transplant within first 1 week, mix stack retting thoroughly after and get final product.
The remarkable advantage of the present invention is:Draw seedling after cigarette strain teleblem and be easily caused cigarette strain burn seedlings, and centering, lower blade growth are unfavorable.The method utilizing the present invention carries out planting under tobacco seedlings film, can remarkably promote cigarette strain early growth and development, improve cigarette strain biomass, in improvement, lower tobacco leaf quality, and improves quality of tobacco, shows tobacco leaf delicate fragrance type style, do not result in again cigarette strain burn seedlings.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that difference draws the seedling time to the impact of mean univalent functions weight at the end of gathering.
Detailed description of the invention
Materials and methods
1.1 test method
Cultivate as follows in Huan Xi base, Foochow, Province Smoke Science Institute, Fujian, set 4 altogether and process cigarette difference under comparative film and draw the seedling time and cigarette strain is grown and the impact of cured tobacco leaf yield and quality:
T1: transplant under film, draws seedling when 2 weeks after cigarette strain transplanting；
T2: transplant under film, draws seedling when 4 weeks after cigarette strain transplanting；
T3: transplant under film, cigarette strain transplant after etc. after tobacco seedlings teleblem (38 d after transplanting) draw seedling；
T4: comparison, film is planted deeply.
1.1.1
The key step transplanted under film includes:
1) nursery: last year carries out nursery to late January then by the end of October；
2) ridge-forming and fertilizing: ridging when water capacity reaches 70% ~ 75%, row spacing 110 ~ 120 cm, high 25 cm in ridge, ridge is pushed up in pointed；Transplanting front 2 d～3 d, open bar ditch at top, ridge, bar ditch depth 15 cm, then applies fertilizer special for tobacco and fertilizer makees base manure；After earthing, the fertilizer degree of depth pushes up 15 cm away from ridge；
3) transplanting: carry out selecting seedling after late January to early Febuary tobacco seedlings seedling, select healthy and strong, neat, have 7 ~ 8 leaves, stem is high by 5
The tobacco seedlings of cm ~ 8 cm is transplanted；During transplanting, brood is dug every 50 cm in cigarette ridge, nest wide 8 cm～10 cm, deep 15 cm, it is then placed in tobacco seedlings, tobacco seedlings surrounding applies Nutrition Soil again, waters and once determine root water after transplanting, sprays an insecticide；Described Nutrition Soil is with fertilizer special for tobacco 3 kg, cattle pen excrement 30kg, the calcium magnesium phosphate 10kg become thoroughly decomposed, and burns soil 50kg and fine earth 150kg, in transplant within first 1 week, mix stack retting thoroughly after and get final product；
4) epiphragma: tobacco seedlings carries out epiphragma after transplanting, film is strained, surrounding soil compaction；
5) draw seedling: carry out drawing seedling in different time after transplanting, make tobacco seedlings blade be exposed on face；
6) ridging: late March, carries out lifting film ridging, starts mulch film, remove the weeds on cigarette ridge during cigarette strain group, by except under weeds and ridge soil overlay on cigarette strain basal part of stem, it is ensured that ridge body is full；After ridging, covering with ground sheeting is returned cigarette ridge；
7) taking off film: after tobacco seedlings epiphragma 80 d～90 d, during cigarette strain length to prosperous long later stage, thrown off by film, tobacco seedlings carries out Routine Management.
1.1.2
On film, first epiphragma after deep cultivation i.e. ridge-forming and fertilizing, makes a call to 8～10 cm width on film during transplanting, transplants tobacco seedlings behind the hole that 15 cm are deep, and tobacco seedlings top and the external world do not have mulch film to separate.
1.2 record project
After transplanting, after transplanting, 38 d(T3 process teleblems when drawing seedling respectively), transplant after 68 d(T3 process group's phase) and each process is carried out at the end of gathering whole strain sampling；After transplanting, the cigarette strain sample of 38 d and 68 d is divided into root, stem, leaf, measures fresh weight post-drying respectively, then measures dry weight；Last sampling cigarette strain, first carries out determining strain, and blade is divided into inferior leads, middle leaf and upper leaf cigarette strain, first measuring the fresh dry weight at top when pinching, tobacco stem with adopting, is sampled during last sampling together with root by tobacco leaf with ripe, it is baked to after weighing fresh weight, claims its dry weight.
Within after pinching 5-7 days, measure each process tobacco agronomy character, including plant height, stem girth, pitch, leaves number and maximum leaf area etc..
Each grade tobacco leaf weight, first-class cigarette ratio, upper medium grade cigarette ratio, per mu yield, per mu yield value, average price is measured after baking；And take 3 grade each 2kg of cigarette sample such as X2F, C3F, B2F, carry out sensory evaluating smoking.
Result of the test
2.1
Difference draws the impact on cigarette strain biomass accumulation of the seedling time
2.1.1
Difference draw the seedling time to transplant after
38 d
The impact of cigarette strain biomass accumulation
Difference draws the seedling time to the impact of 38 d cigarette strain biomass accumulations after transplanting, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 difference draws the seedling time to the impact (unit: g) of 38 d cigarette strain biomass accumulations after transplanting
Note: in table, small letter and capitalization represent that 0.05 level and 0.01 level difference are notable respectively.
As seen from Table 1:
(1) within 4 weeks, drawing seedling after transplanting and process and draw after teleblem the fresh weight difference of seedling process not significantly, but both Leaf biomass are drawn seedling for 2 weeks and processed after being significantly higher than transplanting, pole is significantly higher than on film deep cultivation and processes.Leaf dry weight is the highest within 4 weeks, to draw seedling process after transplanting, and secondly processes for after transplanting 2 weeks, and between the two process, difference is notable, but is significantly higher than other two process.Drawing seedling process leaf dry weight after teleblem minimum, deep cultivation process difference is the most notable with on film.
(2) stem fresh weight and dry weight show as the trend risen with the postponement drawing the seedling time.Drawing after teleblem and within 2 weeks and 4 weeks, draw seedling after the stem fresh weight that seedling processes is significantly higher than transplanting and process, pole is significantly higher than on film deep cultivation process, but between rear 3 process, difference is the most notable；The stem weight that on film, deep cultivation processes is minimum, but between 4 process, difference is the most notable.
(3) the root fresh weight drawing seedling process after transplanting for 4 weeks is the highest, within 2 weeks, draws seedling and process after slightly above transplanting, and its difference is notable, but is significantly higher than on film cultivation deeply and processes, and pole is drawn seedling and processed after being significantly higher than teleblem.The root dry weight drawing seedling process after teleblem is minimum, and notable or pole is substantially less than other 3 process, and between other 3 process, difference is the most notable.
(4) in terms of whole strain fresh weight, drawing seedling process cigarette strain fresh weight the highest, within after being significantly higher than transplanting 2 weeks, draw seedling and process after teleblem, pole is significantly higher than on film deep cultivation and processes.Within 2 weeks, draw seedling after within after transplanting 4 weeks, drawing whole strain fresh weight that seedling processes and transplanting and teleblem to draw the whole strain fresh weight difference that seedling processes notable, but pole is significantly higher than on film deep cultivation and processes.On film, the whole strain fresh weight of deep cultivation process is minimum, and notable or pole is substantially less than other and processes.In terms of cigarette strain dry weight, within after transplanting 4 weeks, drawing the whole strain dry weight that seedling processes the highest, be significantly higher than on film deep cultivation and process, pole is drawn seedling and is processed after being significantly higher than teleblem, but within 2 weeks, draws seedling to process difference the most notable after transplanting.Drawing the whole strain dry weight of seedling process after teleblem minimum, be substantially less than after transplanting and within 2 weeks, draw seedling process, deep cultivation difference is the most notable with on film.
In sum, transplanting the accumulation to cigarette strain biomass and have significant facilitation, but too early draw seedling under film, facilitation weakens accordingly, and too late seedling of drawing then may cause cigarette strain burn seedlings, affects the accumulation of cigarette strain biomass in the short term.Temperature in seedling may cause cigarette cave is drawn too high, although cigarette strain photosynthesis can be strengthened after this test, cigarette strain teleblem, but cigarette strain respiration is the most substantially strengthened simultaneously, causing cigarette strain dry-matter accumulation to be significantly affected, increasing although showing as cigarette strain fresh weight, but dry weight processes not as cultivation deep on film on the contrary.And though it is bigger within 4 weeks, to draw seedling process fresh weight difference after within 2 weeks, drawing seedling process after transplanting and transplanting, but dry weight difference with insignificance, and draw seedling after being above teleblem and process and deeply plant under film, therefore, after transplanting 2 weeks and within 4 weeks, draw seedling after transplanting and process the biomass accumulation facilitation effect of 38 d after cigarette strain transplanting preferable.
Difference draw the seedling time to transplant after
68 d
The impact of cigarette strain biomass accumulation
Difference draws the seedling time to the impact of 68 d cigarette strain biomass accumulations after transplanting, and the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 difference draws the seedling time to the impact (unit: g) of 68 d cigarette strain biomass accumulations after transplanting
Note: in table, small letter and capitalization represent that 0.05 level and 0.01 level difference are notable respectively.
As seen from Table 2:
(1) to cigarette strain group time, within after transplanting 2 weeks and 4 weeks, draw seedling process leaf fresh weight apparently higher than other two process, but 4 process between difference the most notable.Within after transplanting 2 weeks, drawing seedling, to process leaf dry weight the highest, draws on seedling and film deep cultivation and process after being significantly higher than teleblem, with transplant after within 4 weeks, to draw the difference of seedling process the most notable；Within after transplanting 4 weeks, draw and draw seedling after the biomass that seedling processes is significantly higher than teleblem and process, but with on film deep cultivation to process difference the most notable；Drawing the Leaf biomass minimum that seedling processes after teleblem, deep cultivation difference is the most notable with on film.
(2) within 2 weeks, drawing seedling after transplanting and process that stem is fresh, dry weight is all remarkably higher than on film deep cultivation and processes, to process difference the most notable with other two；The stem that on film, deep cultivation processes is fresh, dry weight is minimum, hence it is evident that less than other 3 process, but only within 2 weeks, draws seedling process significant difference with after transplanting.
(3) within 2 weeks, drawing after transplanting that the root that seedling processes is dry, fresh weight maximum, draw seedling and process after being significantly higher than teleblem, to process differences the most notable with other two；Within after transplanting 4 weeks, draw that seedling processes root is fresh, dry weight is significantly higher than teleblem and draws seedling and process, to process differences the most notable with other two；Root system is fresh, dry weight is minimum to draw seedling process after teleblem.
(4) within 2 weeks, draw the whole strain fresh weight that seedling processes after transplanting maximum, draw deep cultivation on seedling and film after being significantly higher than teleblem and process, with transplant after within 4 weeks, to draw seedling process difference the most notable；Draw the seedling process whole strain fresh weight that deep cultivation processes with on film after teleblem to be closer to, and after transplanting, between process in 4 weeks, difference is the most notable.Whole strain dry weight still processes maximum within 2 weeks, drawing seedling after transplanting, and draws on seedling and film deep cultivation and process after being significantly higher than teleblem, with transplant after within 4 weeks, to draw seedling process difference the most notable；Within after transplanting 4 weeks, drawing and draw seedling after the whole strain dry weight that seedling processes is significantly higher than teleblem and process, to process difference the most notable in deep cultivation with on film；Draw seedling after teleblem and process whole strain dry weight minimum, only and process difference between deep cultivation on film the most notable.
In sum, within after transplanting 2 weeks, drawing the biomass accumulation amount maximum that seedling processes, next processes within 4 weeks, drawing seedling after transplanting；Carry out drawing the biomass accumulation of seedling after teleblem still not as cultivation deep on film processes, draw negative effect that cigarette strain produces by seedling after i.e. waiting cigarette strain teleblem again more than promoting the effect that grows.Therefore, after transplanting 2 weeks and transplant after within 4 weeks, draw seedling process to cigarette strain group a phase biomass accumulation have preferable facilitation.
Difference is drawn the seedling time and cigarette strain is adopted the impact of biomass accumulation eventually
Difference draws biomass fresh weight and the impact of dry weight accumulation when eventually adopting cigarette strain of seedling time, and result is shown in Table 3 and table 4 respectively.
Table 3 difference draws the impact (unit: g) of biomass fresh weight accumulation when eventually adopting cigarette strain of seedling time
Note: in table, small letter and capitalization represent that 0.05 level and 0.01 level difference are notable respectively.
Table 4 difference draws the impact (unit: g) of biomass dry weight accumulation when eventually adopting cigarette strain of seedling time
Note: in table, small letter and capitalization represent that 0.05 level and 0.01 level difference are notable respectively.
From table 3 and table 4, at the end of gathering to cigarette strain, between each process, fresh weight and dry weight only inferior leads and two positions, top show the significance of difference, between remaining each position processes, difference is the most notable, but the biomass accumulation that under 3 films, transplanting processes is of a relatively high, the biomass performance drawing seedling process after particularly transplanting for 4 weeks is higher.Under film transplant within 2 weeks and 4 weeks, draw seedling process between inferior leads fresh weight and dry weight difference the most notable, inferior leads fresh weight and the dry weight of within 4 weeks, drawing seedling process after wherein transplanting are significantly higher than on film deep cultivation and process, within after transplanting 2 weeks, draw inferior leads fresh weight that seedling processes and dry weight also apparently higher than cultivation process deep on film but difference is notable, and deep cultivation process is closer to on film to draw inferior leads fresh weight that seedling processes and dry weight after teleblem.Top fresh weight and dry weight process higher within 4 weeks, drawing seedling after transplanting, and draw seedling after being significantly higher than on film deep cultivation process and teleblem and process, and within 2 weeks, draw seedling to process difference the most notable after transplanting；Within after transplanting 2 weeks, draw seedling process top fresh weight and dry weight be significantly higher than teleblem after draw seedling process；The top fresh weight drawing seedling process after teleblem is minimum, and only deep cultivation difference is the most notable with on film.
Therefore, transplant the accumulation to cigarette strain biomass under film and there is obvious facilitation, particularly the quality improving inferior leads is had more significant effect, wherein more apparent within 4 weeks, to draw the facilitation of seedling process behind after transplanting 2 weeks and transplanting.
Additionally, it can be seen from figure 1 that at the end of gathering, respectively inferior leads mean univalent functions heavily exists significant difference between process, the mean univalent functions weight drawing seedling process after wherein transplanting for 4 weeks is the highest, draw seedling process significant difference after teleblem, the most notable with other two process differences；Draw the mean univalent functions weight that seedling processes after teleblem minimum, but with transplant after within 2 weeks, to draw on seedling and film deep cultivation process difference the most notable.Each process between in, the upper leaf mean univalent functions method of double differences different notable, but within 4 weeks, draw seedling after transplanting and process middle leaf mean univalent functions is heavily had obvious facilitation.
Difference draw the seedling time cigarette strain is pinched after the impact of economical character
Difference draw the seedling time cigarette strain is pinched after the impact of economical character, the results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 difference draw the seedling time cigarette strain is pinched after the impact of economical character
As seen from Table 5, difference draw the seedling time cigarette strain is pinched after the impact of leaves number, stem girth, pitch and leaf area be not significantly different from, but plant height affected significant difference.Within after transplanting 2 weeks, draw the plant height that seedling processes the shortest, substantially less than draw on seedling and film deep cultivation after teleblem and process, with transplant after within 4 weeks, to draw seedling process difference the most notable.Although additionally, each process between leaf area difference notable, but within 4 weeks, draw seedling after transplanting and teleblem draws leaf area that seedling two processes apparently higher than other two process, illustrate that drawing seedling also will result in impact to cigarette strain leaf area in good time.
Difference draws the impact on cured tobacco leaf economic characters of the seedling time
Difference draws the impact on cured tobacco leaf economic characters of the seedling time, the results are shown in Table 6.
Table 6 difference draws the impact on cured tobacco leaf economic characters of the seedling time
As seen from Table 6, between 3 process transplanted under film, first-class cigarette proportional difference is inconspicuous, but is all noticeably greater than transplanting on film and processes；Wherein, the first-class cigarette ratio drawing seedling process for after transplanting 2 weeks is the highest, and the difference processed with transplanting on film reaches the pole level of signifiance, and per mu yield value is the highest.It is the most notable on the impact of medium grade cigarette ratio, per mu yield, per mu yield value and average price on cured tobacco leaf that difference draws seedling time-triggered protocol；But the yield of 3 process transplanted under film and average price are slightly above on film deep cultivation and process, and per mu yield value processes apparently higher than cultivation deep on film.
Difference draws the impact on cured tobacco leaf sensory evaluating smoking's mass of the seedling time
Difference draws the impact on cured tobacco leaf sensory evaluating smoking's mass of the seedling time, the results are shown in Table 7.
Table 7 difference draws the impact on cured tobacco leaf sensory evaluating smoking's mass of the seedling time
As seen from Table 7, the style and features of X2F grade tobacco leaf is to draw seedling process highest scoring for 4 weeks after transplanting, the delicate fragrance type feature drawing seedling process for after transplanting 4 weeks is the most obvious, and teleblem is drawn the delicate fragrance type feature of deep cultivation process on seedling process and film and weakened, respectively in the most partially neutralizing dense clear style and features.Quality evaluation feature, within 4 weeks, to draw seedling two process highest scoring after within 2 weeks, drawing seedling after transplanting and transplanting, draws seedling process flue gas for after transplanting 2 weeks more abundant.Comprehensive score is the highest within 4 weeks, to draw seedling process after transplanting, and next processes within 2 weeks, drawing seedling after transplanting, and on film, deep cultivation process score is minimum.Transplant the improvement to lower tobacco leaf aesthetic quality under comprehensive explanation film and there is obvious effect, seedling within 4 weeks, is drawn to the improvement of lower tobacco leaf quality advantageously after within after transplanting 2 weeks, drawing seedling and transplanting, drawing seedling after cigarette strain teleblem, there is burn seedlings phenomenon in many lower tobacco leafs, cause lower tobacco leaf quality to decline.
In terms of C3F grade tobacco leaf, within 4 weeks, drawing seedling process and show as obvious delicate fragrance type style and features after within after transplanting 2 weeks, drawing seedling and transplanting, teleblem is drawn deep cultivation process on seedling process and film and is shown as dense style and features clearly.In terms of qualitative character, within 4 weeks, drawing seedling process quality preferable after within after transplanting 2 weeks, drawing seedling and transplanting, score is close, and teleblem is drawn deep cultivation process mouthfeel on seedling process and film and is decreased obviously, and concentration strength rises, and past Luzhou-flavor is walked, and excitant increases.In terms of comprehensive score, within 4 weeks, drawing seedling process score close after within after transplanting 2 weeks, drawing seedling process and transplanting, teleblem is drawn seedling process score and is decreased obviously, and on film, deep cultivation process score is minimum.The improvement result transplanting centering portion quality of tobacco under comprehensive explanation film is more apparent, and preferable within 2～4 weeks, to draw seedling effect after transplanting, and is drawing seedling after cigarette strain teleblem, and the time is partially slow, burn seedlings phenomenon easily occurs, affects the normal growth of cigarette strain, causes quality of tobacco to decline.
The temperature that general cigarette district, southeast spring cigarette is transplanted is relatively low, and after transplanting, tobacco seedling growth is slow, if cold damage and freeze injury usually occurs in transplanting depth deficiency when transplanting, will have a strong impact on cured tobacco production.Therefore at present cured tobacco production typically uses on film the methods such as cigarette cultivation deeply.Tobacco seedlings is significantly reduced by the phenomenon of freeze injury and cold damage after deeply planting, but tobacco seedling growth is the slowest.Transplant under film is a kind of minimizing tobacco seedlings freeze injury and cold damage, the promotion cigarette effective method of strain early growth and quick tiller.The seedling time of drawing transplanted under film is commonly considered as after tobacco seedlings teleblem carrying out, and at this moment burn seedlings phenomenon in various degree usually occurs in tobacco seedlings, affects cigarette strain growth, and the particularly impact on lower tobacco leaf quality is bigger；Even if there is not burn seedlings situation, temperature higher in film is likely to cause cigarette strain respiration to be strengthened, and increases the consumption of cigarette strain glucide, affects the material accumulation that cigarette strain is overall.The present invention establishes cigarette cultivation modification method under a kind of film being suitable to the ground cigarette strain plantations such as Fujian, within 2 ~ 4 weeks, carry out drawing seedling after transplanting, it is possible not only to promote cigarette strain biomass accumulation in early days, cigarette strain can be avoided again to be affected by high temperature burn seedlings, cigarette strain is grown advantageously.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all impartial changes done according to scope of the present invention patent and modification, all should belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the modification method of cigarette cultivation under a film, it is characterised in that: mainly comprise the steps that
1) nursery: In Fujian Province tobacco seedlings is carrying out nursery to the last ten-days period in January then at the end of 10 months last year；
2) ridge-forming and fertilizing: ridging when water capacity reaches 70%～75%, row spacing 110～120 cm, high 25 cm in ridge, ridge is pushed up in pointed；Transplanting front 2 d～3 d, open bar ditch at top, ridge, bar ditch depth 15 cm, then applies fertilizer special for tobacco and fertilizer makees base manure；After earthing, the fertilizer degree of depth pushes up 15 cm away from ridge；
3) transplanting: carry out selecting seedling after tobacco seedlings seedling until the first tenday period of a month in the last ten-days period in January to February, select healthy and strong, neat, have 7～8 leaves, the tobacco seedlings of stem high 5 cm～8 cm is transplanted；During transplanting, brood is dug every 50 cm in cigarette ridge, nest wide 8 cm～10 cm, deep 15 cm, it is then placed in tobacco seedlings, tobacco seedlings surrounding applies Nutrition Soil again, waters and once determine root water after transplanting, sprays an insecticide；Wherein, described Nutrition Soil is with fertilizer special for tobacco 3 kg, cattle pen excrement 30kg, the calcium magnesium phosphate 10kg become thoroughly decomposed, and burns soil 50kg and fine earth 150kg, in transplant within first 1 week, mix stack retting thoroughly after and get final product；
4) epiphragma: tobacco seedlings carries out epiphragma after transplanting, film is strained, surrounding soil compaction；
5) draw seedling: after transplanting 2 weeks, carry out drawing seedling during the most non-teleblem of cigarette strain, make tobacco seedlings blade be exposed on face；
6) ridging: the last ten-days period in March, carries out lifting film ridging, starts mulch film, remove the weeds on cigarette ridge during cigarette strain group, by except under weeds and ridge soil overlay on cigarette strain basal part of stem, it is ensured that ridge body is full；After ridging, covering with ground sheeting is returned cigarette ridge；
7) take off film: tobacco seedlings epiphragma 80 d～
90 d, during cigarette strain length to prosperous long later stage, throw off film, and tobacco seedlings carries out Routine Management.
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| CN104272970B (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2016-04-06 | 山东淄博烟草有限公司 | Dry land flue-cured tobacco transplanting method |
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| CN106613204A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-10 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Method for optimizing agronomic trait of flue-cured tobacco variety Guangdong tobacco 98 tobacco plant |
| CN106717907A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-31 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | A kind of method for delaying the cigarette strain leaf senile of flue-cured tobacco cultivars Guangdong cigarette 98 |
| CN106688566A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-05-24 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Method for promoting accumulation of dry matter in tobacco plants of flue-cured tobacco variety Yue tobacco 97 |
| CN106576827A (en) * | 2016-12-13 | 2017-04-26 | 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 | Method for optimizing accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in flue-cured tobacco variety cantonese tobacco 98 tobacco plant |
| CN109042208B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2020-12-08 | 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 | Cultivation method for promoting root system development of flue-cured tobacco in early growth stage |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2007058423A1 (en) * | 2005-11-18 | 2007-05-24 | Nam-Young Lee | Mulch for cultivating crops |
| JP2007185126A (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-26 | Sekisui Film Kk | Covering structure for ridge and method for covering ridge |
| CN102124894A (en) * | 2010-12-27 | 2011-07-20 | 山东临沂烟草有限公司 | Technical method for cultivating cured tobaccos under mulching film |
| CN103430716B (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2015-03-25 | 中国烟草总公司福建省公司 | Transplantation method for accelerating growth and development of faint scent type tobacco plant |
| CN103340083B (en) * | 2013-07-23 | 2015-02-25 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco cultivation method fitting in with light environment of Yunnan tobacco-growing area |
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2014
- 2014-04-19 CN CN201410088396.XA patent/CN103875397B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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