CN103864543B - Soil remediation agent prepared from straws serving as raw materials as well as preparation method and application - Google Patents
Soil remediation agent prepared from straws serving as raw materials as well as preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN103864543B CN103864543B CN201410076204.3A CN201410076204A CN103864543B CN 103864543 B CN103864543 B CN 103864543B CN 201410076204 A CN201410076204 A CN 201410076204A CN 103864543 B CN103864543 B CN 103864543B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a soil remediation agent, and particularly relates to a soil remediation agent prepared from straws serving as raw materials as well as a preparation method and an application. The preparation method of the soil remediation agent comprises the following steps: mixing biochar, the straws and soil so as to obtain a compost raw material; carrying out compost treatment on the compost raw material so as to obtain the soil remediation agent. The soil remediation agent has a good remediation effect and no toxic or side effects and can be used for remedying multiple polluted soil and combined polluted soil. The preparation method of the soil remediation agent is simple in process and low in cost; the soil remediation agent can be used for remedying the polluted soil at high efficiency and also realizes the resource utilization of biomass resources, particularly the agricultural straws.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of soil-repairing agent, specifically relating to a kind of stalk that adopts is the soil-repairing agent of raw material, preparation method and purposes.
Background technology
Soil is the natural resources being difficult to regenerate, and is the important foundation of human production activity.At present, the situation of China's soil pollution is severeer, comprises heavy metal contamination, Organic pollutants etc.The safety problem of the agricultural-food that soil pollution causes can not be ignored: soil pollution can reduce crop yield and quality, also by transmission and the inrichment harm humans health of food chain.In order to repairing polluted soil, in recent years countries in the world particularly developed country all dropped into huge human and material resources and financial resources carry out soil remediation research, and to make some progress.
Contaminated soil remediation is generally by the pollutent in transfer, absorption, conversion and degraded soil, makes its concentration be reduced to acceptable level, or hazardous and noxious substances is converted into nontoxic material.At present, main restorative procedure comprises physical partition method, the dripping method of solution, fixing conversion method, Electrodynamic force method, extraction process, oxidation style, reduction method, soil-repairing agent method and biological restoration etc.But these technology in various degree exist cost high, repair pollute single, repairing effect has much room for improvement etc., and one or more are not enough.
As large agricultural country, China all can produce a large amount of biological materials every year, such as stalk resource, but the how idle waste of stalk resource at present or on-site incineration, cause serious environmental problem.As: during annual autumn harvest, a large amount of crop straw burning, causes Air quality to worsen, and causes smogout motorway and airport simultaneously, causes motorway and socked-in, produces many negative impacts to social life and production.Therefore the recycling of agricultural stalk disposes with efficient the focus becoming various circles of society and pay close attention to.
Compost rehabilitating soil metallic pollution progress, application and environmental organism journal, 2008,14 (6): 898 ~ 904, disclose after Chen Tongbin etc. applies garbage compost in two kinds of soil, in dryland soil, the partition ratio of water-soluble state chromium have dropped 26.01%, and flooded soils then have dropped 31.47%.
Biological carbon is to the influence research of Cadmium in Soil, and agricultural science and technology and equipment, the 1st phase total 223rd phase, tell about because biological carbon has the characteristic of the high and porous of carbon amounts, therefore can improve the ability that water storage is stored up, can microorganism in soil protection.Soil is after biological carbon process, Cadmium Forms In Soils distribution there occurs significant change: exchange state cadmium content has dropped to less than 68% from 83%, carbonate combined content has risen to 15% from less than 11%, Fe-Mn oxidation combined content rises to 9% from 2%, organic content rises to 9% from 3%, but biological carbon obviously can't meet actual demand to the removal efficiency of heavy metal in soil ion.
Summary of the invention
It is the soil-repairing agent of raw material, preparation method and purposes that the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of stalk that adopts, described soil-repairing agent is for removing heavy metal in soil ion and/or organic pollutant (particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons material), and clearance is higher.
Employing stalk of the present invention is the soil-repairing agent of raw material, is made up of following steps, and mixed biologic carbon, stalk and soil, obtain composting material; Composting material is carried out compost treatment, obtains described soil-repairing agent.
In described composting material, the weight ratio of described biological carbon and stalk is 0.5 ~ 2:1.
The C/N ratio of described composting material is 25 ~ 35:1.
The preparation method of described biological carbon is that pyrolysis biological material, obtains biological carbon under anoxic conditions, biological carbon is ground into the powder that particle diameter is less than 1mm.
Described biological material is stalk, tree branches, fowl and animal excrement or active sludge.When using active sludge to make biological carbon, the biological carbon removal heavy metal material obtained.
In the process of described compost treatment, controlling water ratio is 50 ~ 60%.
The present invention also provides a kind of stalk that adopts to be the preparation method of the soil-repairing agent of raw material, and comprise the steps, mixed biologic carbon, stalk and soil, obtain composting material; Composting material is carried out compost treatment, obtains described soil-repairing agent.
The time of described compost treatment is 25 ~ 45 days.
The present invention also provides a kind of stalk that adopts to be the purposes of soil-repairing agent in repairing polluted soil of raw material.Soil-repairing agent of the present invention carries out in-situ immobilization to soil, or as soil conditioner.Soil-repairing agent of the present invention is for removing heavy metal in soil ion and/or organic pollutant, and organic pollutant refers to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons material especially.
The addition of described soil-repairing agent is 0.5 ~ 20% of contaminated soil dry weight.When soil-repairing agent of the present invention carries out in-situ immobilization to soil, the addition of soil-repairing agent is 2 ~ 20% of contaminated soil dry weight; When soil-repairing agent of the present invention is as soil conditioner, the addition of soil-repairing agent is 0.5 ~ 3% of contaminated soil dry weight.
Contaminated soil of the present invention mainly refers to by heavy metal ion and/or organic pollutant (particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons material) contaminated soil.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, soil-repairing agent of the present invention is heavy metal in soil ion and/or organic pollutant (the particularly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons material) reason that clearance is high than common compost product or biological carbon: compost microbe improves biological carbon structure, improve the adsorption efficiency of biological carbon, add the pollution amelioration efficiency of biological carbon; Meanwhile, biological carbon facilitates the compost of stalk, enhances the activity of compost microbe, adds the pollution amelioration efficiency of compost microbe.In addition, soil-repairing agent of the present invention achieves the combine d bioremediation of biological carbon and composting production.
Employing stalk of the present invention is that the repairing effect of the soil-repairing agent of raw material is good, has no side effect, and can repair multiple pollution and combined pollution.The method preparing soil-repairing agent of the present invention, technique is simple, cost is low, soil-repairing agent of the present invention, has both efficiently repaired contaminated soil, achieves again the recycling of biomass resource particularly agricultural stalk.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
First, pyrolysis rape straw is for biological carbon under anoxic conditions, and pulverizes (particle diameter is less than 1mm); Then, by biological carbon and rice straw in mass ratio 1/1 ratio mixing, add appropriate soil to control compound C/N for 30, obtain composting material; Finally, composting material is placed in compost place and carries out compost treatment, during compost, timely adjustment water ratio makes water ratio remain on 50% ~ 60%, and turning every day is once to avoid local anaerobic, and composting process continues 36 days, until composting material forms humic substance, be soil-repairing agent.
embodiment 2
The soil-repairing agent (soil-repairing agent that embodiment 1 obtains) the present invention prepared is added in heavy metal (for cadmium) and organic pollutant (for pyrene) contaminated soil by 5% consumption intending rehabilitating soil dry weight, as shown in table 1 for examination soil property, turn in time, again turn over after one month.
Table 1: for examination soil property
| pH | Organic (%) | Full nitrogen (g/kg) | Full phosphorus (g/kg) | Cation exchange capacity (cmol/kg) | Total cadmium (mg/kg) | Bound residue cadmium (mg/kg) | Pyrene (mg/kg) |
| 6.1 | 11.54 | 2.19 | 0.30 | 19.07 | 0.12 | 0.04 | 172.68 |
embodiment 3
According to soil-repairing agent of the present invention in embodiment 2, reparative experiment is carried out to soil.Table 2 is soil-repairing agent of the present invention and general renovation agent to the clearance synopsis of bound residue cadmium and pyrene, general renovation agent comprises common compost product, biological carbon and common compost product and biological carbon mixing renovation agent (common compost product and biological carbon equal proportion mixing), in this controlled trial the production control condition of common compost product and other experiment conditions identical with soil-repairing agent of the present invention.Sampling and measuring analyzes the clearance of bound residue cadmium and pyrene after two months, and record data are as table 2(unit: %):
Table 2: soil-repairing agent of the present invention and general renovation agent are to the clearance synopsis of bound residue cadmium and pyrene
| Common compost product | Biological carbon | Common compost product and biological carbon mixing renovation agent | Soil-repairing agent of the present invention | |
| Bound residue cadmium | 31 | 30 | 33 | 51 |
| Pyrene | 81 | 86 | 89 | 95 |
Common compost product in table 2 is rice straw composting production, and biological carbon is the standby biological carbon obtained of pyrolysis rape straw under anoxic conditions.
Common compost product from table 2 and biological carbon mixing renovation agent relative to the clearance change of common compost product or biological carbon heavy metal ion (bound residue cadmium), can know common compost product and biological carbon lower to the addition effect removing heavy metal in soil ion.
The present invention is by mixed biologic carbon, stalk and soil, to be used as composting material, as can be seen from Table 2, soil-repairing agent of the present invention is very high to the clearance of pollution substance, mixes the clearance of renovation agent apparently higher than common compost, biological carbon and common compost product and biological carbon.
embodiment 4
The soil-repairing agent (soil-repairing agent that embodiment 1 obtains) the present invention prepared is added to in examination soil by 1% consumption intending conditioning soil dry weight, for examination soil property as shown in table 1 in embodiment 2, turns in time, again turns over after one month.Sampling and measuring analyzes soil physico-chemical property after two months, and record data are as shown in table 3.
Soil physico-chemical property after table 3 soil-repairing agent of the present invention uses as soil conditioner
| pH | Organic (%) | Cation exchange capacity (cmol/kg) |
| 7.3 | 18.97 | 28.36 |
The pH of contrast table 1 and table 3, organic matter and cation exchange capacity, when can find that soil-repairing agent of the present invention uses as soil conditioner, soil physico-chemical property is obviously improved, and improved effect is good.
Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, but and be not used to limit the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, when not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope, can utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible variations and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or being revised as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content not departing from technical solution of the present invention, according to the technology of the present invention essence to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification, all should drop in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (10)
1. adopt stalk to be the soil-repairing agent of raw material, it is characterized in that, be made up of following steps, mixed biologic carbon, stalk and soil, obtain composting material; Composting material is carried out compost treatment, obtains described soil-repairing agent.
2. soil-repairing agent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described composting material, the weight ratio of described biological carbon and stalk is 0.5 ~ 2:1.
3. soil-repairing agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the C/N ratio of described composting material is 25 ~ 35:1.
4. soil-repairing agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of described biological carbon is that pyrolysis biological material, obtains biological carbon under anoxic conditions, biological carbon is ground into the powder that particle diameter is less than 1mm.
5. soil-repairing agent as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described biological material is stalk, tree branches, fowl and animal excrement or active sludge, when using active sludge to make biological carbon, the biological carbon removal heavy metal material obtained.
6. soil-repairing agent as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, in the process of described compost treatment, controlling water ratio is 50 ~ 60%.
7. a preparation method for the soil-repairing agent as described in any one of claim 1-6, is characterized in that, is made up of following steps, and mixed biologic carbon, stalk and soil, obtain composting material; Composting material is carried out compost treatment, obtains described soil-repairing agent.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the time of compost treatment is 25 ~ 45 days.
9. the purposes of soil-repairing agent in repairing polluted soil that obtain of the preparation method of the soil-repairing agent as any one of claim 1-6 or any one of claim 7-8.
10. purposes as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, when described soil-repairing agent carries out in-situ immobilization to soil, the addition of soil-repairing agent is 2 ~ 20% of contaminated soil dry weight; When described soil-repairing agent is as soil conditioner, the addition of soil-repairing agent is 0.5 ~ 3% of contaminated soil dry weight.
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| TWI548724B (en) * | 2015-01-20 | 2016-09-11 | xin-lin Guo | Removal and stability of soil heavy metal treatment methods and repair agent |
| CN104907323A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-09-16 | 浙江农林大学 | Method for remedying heavy metal contaminated soil by utilizing dead pig charcoal |
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| CN106903151A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-06-30 | 湖南大学 | The method that Composting repairing polluted soil is realized using stalk |
| CN107879833A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-04-06 | 湖北农谷畅响土壤修复科技股份有限公司 | A kind of soil-repairing agent made using agricultural crop straw and biological carbon |
| CN107626732A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-01-26 | 中国环境科学研究院 | The method for repairing chromium-polluted soil using mineralized waste and/or composting production |
| CN108435767A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-08-24 | 丰桢敏 | A kind of soil-repairing agent of biomass material and preparation method thereof |
| CN108515080A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-11 | 丰桢敏 | A kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil renovation agent and its soil remediation method |
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