Layering parallel-moving type solid organic castoff biological treatment bed and application thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic waste biological treatment bed, relate in particular to a kind of layering parallel-moving type solid organic castoff biological treatment bed and application thereof.
Background technology
Changing food waste derives from the mankind's food, is rich in various nutritive substances, is to have misplaced local biomass resource, and being therefore translated into feedstuff raw material is ideal mode, at present comparatively conventionally mainly contains following approach:
High temperature aerobic composting: high temperature aerobic composting is one of effective ways of processing rubbish from cooking.Compost is under manually operated condition, makes organic solid castoff carry out the process of Biostatic effect.Changing food waste organic content is high, nutritive element is comprehensive, C/N is lower, be the good nutrition material of microorganism, be highly suitable for doing composting material, simultaneously, inert waste in rubbish from cooking (as plastic waste etc.) content is less, be beneficial to the agricultural of composting production, except agricultural, composting production can also be used for the aspect such as forestry, view.The reservation nitrogen that the method advantage is that treatment process is simple, can be more in finished product, shortcoming is need, long processing period large with place, some germ is difficult for killing, and sewage and waste gas that dung yard ground produces will cause new pollution, increase carrying capacity of environment, as the sewage being produced and waste gas are administered again, extra processing costs will be increased, and high fat content and supersalinity in rubbish from cooking be unfavorable for microbial growth very much, also restrict the effect of high-temperature aerobic composting treatment process.
Apparatus for disposing of food waste: apparatus for disposing of food waste mainly divides three types: one is exactly by after rubbish from cooking fragmentation, directly enters water drain, does not have profound processing; One turns to master with decrement, also claims digestion type, adopts well heater to make moisture evaporation, reduces garbage bulk; Another kind ofly turning to master with resource, also can be called biochemical formula, is first to utilize bacterium by after organic substance decomposing, more remaining residue as fertilizer sources is used.The advantage of apparatus for disposing of food waste is there is no secondary pollution, takes up an area littlely, and running cost is low, easy to operate, both can be used for residential kitchen, also can be used for the unit department that rubbish from cooking generation is larger.Japan is forming fairly perfect market system aspect the producing and selling of apparatus for disposing of food waste and popularization, but apparatus for disposing of food waste cost is high, has high input and output is little, is only beneficial to environmental management, and cannot forms industrialization.
Physical treatment: by physics modes such as high-temperature sterilizations, changing food waste is directly processed into feed primary products, for feeding of fowl poultry, the method was once obtaining popular affirming, test-results also show rubbish from cooking feed to pig and HUMAN HEALTH without obvious threat, meat and the common pork of the pig that rubbish from cooking feed is raised do not have very big difference, and the nutritive ingredient in rubbish from cooking can be by pig digestibility and utilization.The rubbish from cooking processing feed method of comparative maturity is by means comprehensive utilizations such as granulation technique, extruding puffing and dry technologies, and the bacterial concentration after extruding in feed will be well below the bacterial concentration in other samples.There are at present many producers to develop supporting technology equipment and the use that puts into operation, but the problem of the method maximum is the complicated and changeable of feed composition, in the current market environment take meticulous formula as main direction, unstable, the opaque feeds product of nutrition is difficult to base oneself upon in market, and directly also will face feed safety and expensive problem as feed with changing food waste.
Vermicomposting: the vermicomposting technology of organic waste is the new bio treatment technology that development in recent years is got up.Because earthworm has surprising phagocytic activity (day amount of eating can reach the several times of its body weight), and the multiple enzymes such as its digestive tube can extracellular proteinase, lipase, cellulase, chitinase, amylase, have stronger Decomposition to most organic wastes.After organic substance is ingested by earthworm, small part is directly assimilated utilization, most of through in earthworm body grind with squeezing action after discharge with particulate state, play the effect that is similar to extruder grain, thereby reach the object of physically modified, in addition, earthworm Metabolic activity also can produce large number of biological active substance, is conducive to the growth of crop and the improvement of quality; By product earthworm itself is again feed and the biological medicine starting material of high-quality, therefore utilizes dealing with earthworm domestic waste, and not only technique is simple, does not need specific installation, also can promote the benign cycle of garbage as resource, realizes Sustainable development.Domestic and international many scholars have carried out the exploration of this respect at present, have developed comparatively ripe production technology.France has set up First in the world for 1991 and has utilized the disposal site of dealing with earthworm domestic waste in the Lavoulte city at Rhone side, up-to-dateness is higher, day treating refuse 20-30 ton only needs 4 workmans' operations, processing cost 360 Franch Francss that are about per ton of rubbish.Sydney, AUS in 2000 during the course of the Olympic Games, utilize 4,000 ten thousand dealing with earthworm Olympic Village domestic refuses, can accomplish rubbish Bu Chu village on-site elimination, but domestic to less with the research of dealing with earthworm rubbish, still there is distance from industrialization, from technology itself, the earthworm organic matter becoming thoroughly decomposed of can only eating, therefore can not process fresh organic waste, and composting process inevitably can produce corruption and foul smell, this has limited its application to a certain extent, and in addition, the isolation technique of the degeneration of earthworm kind and earthworm excrement is also restraining factors.
Anaerobically fermenting: the anaerobic fermentation technology of changing food waste belongs to mainstream technology in the world, be characterized in that treatment scale is large, mechanization degree is high, once can process the changing food waste amount of hundreds of tons, be subject to especially the preference of large size city political affairs administrative authority, and this technical system has had longer developing history abroad, the case that has many successes to run, but, external changing food waste composition has a very big difference with domestic, domestic changing food waste classification degree is lower, impurity is more, and oil length, saliferous rate is higher, be unwell to very much the growth of anaerobion, therefore directly often not acclimatized at home from equipment and the technology of external introduction, be difficult to operation, a typical example is the destructor plant in Bei Jingdong village, spend 300,000,000 Renminbi, equipment and the technology introduced from Germany but cannot run well, debug after 5 years so far still idle, cause a large amount of wastes, in addition, the one-time investment apparatus expensive of anaerobic fermentation technology, take local large, long processing period, the biogas producing lacks ripe supporting application system, be difficult to realize marketable value, the outlet of natural pond liquid and natural pond slag also has problems, therefore domestic being difficult to that be applied in of this technology promotes.
Summary of the invention
Embodiment of the present invention technical problem to be solved is, a kind of layering parallel-moving type solid organic castoff biological treatment bed and application thereof are provided, can dwindle floor space little, improve processing efficiency, shorten treatment cycle, reduce energy consumption, easy handling and maintenance, processing comparatively thoroughly, non-secondary pollution.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of layering parallel-moving type solid organic castoff biological treatment bed, comprise a stratiform frame, the transmission mechanism that is provided with travelling belt and is in transmission connection with described travelling belt in each layer of layered frame, the both sides of described travelling belt are provided with protruding shirt rim.
Wherein, layered frame comprises 2-8 layer.
Layered frame is 3 layers.
Each layer of layered frame shifts to install, and dislocation distance is 40-80cm.
The height of described shirt rim projection is 8-20cm.
In each layer of layered frame, be provided with the baffle plate for controlling material thickness, the cross section of described baffle plate is trilateral, and the hypotenuse of described trilobal(cross)section and the angle of horizontal plane are 45 °.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of application of layering parallel-moving type solid organic castoff biological treatment bed, comprises the steps:
1, solid organic castoff is packed in premixing machine, and in premixing machine, add powdery vegetable material and black soldier flies larva;
2, mixed solid organic castoff is fallen and processed on bed shape frame the first layer by feeder, and open the first layer transmission mechanism, until be paved with solid organic castoff on travelling belt, then close transmission mechanism;
3, feeder is moved to lower floor, and repeat the 2nd step, until following layer is all paved with solid organic castoff;
4, solid organic castoff is transformed after 1-2 days on each layer processing bed, start blanking, unlatching the first layer transmission mechanism falls into solid organic castoff in the container below frame under the drive of travelling belt, then closes the first layer transmission mechanism;
5, repeat the 4th step, the solid organic castoff of following layer is expected in the container of frame lower under all;
6, repeat above-mentioned 1-5 step, start next working cycle.
Wherein, described powdery vegetable material is straw powder.
In described processing bed solid organic castoff process, temperature is 16-30 ℃, at the bottom of humidity in 90%RH.
In described treating processes, the translational speed of travelling belt is 1 meter/12-20 second.
Implement the embodiment of the present invention, there is following beneficial effect:
The present embodiment travelling belt both sides are provided with protruding shirt rim, effectively prevent the escape of black soldier flies larva, between each layer of stratiform frame, shift to install, more be conducive to material loading and the blanking of organic waste, by processing organic waste with this processing bed, can dwindle floor space little, improve processing efficiency, shorten treatment cycle, reduce energy consumption, easy handling and maintenance, processing comparatively thoroughly, non-secondary pollution.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is layering parallel-moving type solid organic castoff biological treatment bed example structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is layering parallel-moving type solid organic castoff biological treatment bed treating processes schematic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.
A kind of layering parallel-moving type of the present embodiment solid organic castoff biological treatment bed, as shown in Figure 1, comprise a stratiform frame 1, the long 50m of stratiform frame 1, wide 5m comprises three layers, the transmission mechanism 4 that is provided with travelling belt 2 on each layer and is in transmission connection with travelling belt 2, the both sides of travelling belt 2 are provided with protruding shirt rim 3, the height of shirt rim 3 projections is 8cm, each layer of stratiform frame 1 shifts to install, dislocation distance is 40cm, height between each layer is 40cm, on each layer, be also provided with the baffle plate 5 for controlling material thickness, the cross section of baffle plate is trilateral, the angle of trilateral hypotenuse and horizontal plane is 45 degree.
An application for layering parallel-moving type solid organic castoff biological treatment bed, as shown in Figure 2, comprises the steps:
A, solid organic castoff is packed in premixing machine, and in premixing machine, add straw powder and black soldier flies larva;
B, mixed solid organic castoff is fallen and processed on bed shape frame the first layer by feeder, and open the first layer transmission mechanism, until be paved with solid organic castoff on travelling belt, then close transmission mechanism;
C, feeder is moved to lower floor, and repeat the 2nd step, until the following two-layer solid organic castoff that is all paved with;
D, solid organic castoff is transformed after 1-2 days on each layer processing bed, start blanking, unlatching the first layer transmission mechanism falls into solid organic castoff in the container below frame under the drive of travelling belt, then closes the first layer transmission mechanism;
E, repeat the 4th step, the solid organic castoff of following layer is expected in the container of frame lower under all;
F, repeat above-mentioned 1-5 step, start next working cycle.
Processed in kind and control room temperature at 20 degree, the speed of travelling belt is 1 meter/20 seconds.
Black soldier flies is a kind of saprophagy insect that originates from South America savanna, get zoophagous ight soil and corpse, it is the important component part of detrital food chain, the present embodiment utilizes black soldier flies as vector, coordinate high efficiency mechanical means and automatization control, can focus on a large scale hotel, dining room, the changing food waste of the outputs such as dining room is safety by its rapid conversion, homogeneous, the insect protein of high nutritive value, black soldier flies breeding is fast, recipe is wide, heavy, cycle is short, strong stress resistance, the changing food waste that happiness food is fresh, can secrete antibacterial peptide pathogenic microbe killing, and to the oil in changing food waste, salt, sauce, vinegar, capsicum, the seasonings such as mustard are insensitive, are suitable for very much the bio-transformation of changing food waste, expect by this project implementation, build the kitchen trash feed technical system of industrialization guiding, comprise that black soldier flies propagates artificially, changing food waste bio-transformation, insect protein extracts processing, feeds product culture experiment, environmental assessment and cost keeping etc. will lay a good foundation for further commercial applications in interior research contents.
The present embodiment travelling belt both sides are provided with protruding shirt rim, effectively prevent the escape of black soldier flies larva, between each layer of stratiform frame, shift to install, more be conducive to material loading and the blanking of organic waste, by processing organic waste with this processing bed, can dwindle floor space little, improve processing efficiency, shorten treatment cycle, reduce energy consumption, easy handling and maintenance, processing comparatively thoroughly, non-secondary pollution.
Above disclosed is only a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, certainly can not limit with this interest field of the present invention, and the equivalent variations of therefore doing according to the claims in the present invention, still belongs to the scope that the present invention is contained.