CN103834817A

CN103834817A - Combined regenerated lead oxygen-enriched three-blowing energy-saving smelting furnace

Info

Publication number: CN103834817A
Application number: CN201310566942.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尚诚德
Original assignee: JINQIAN BRANCH OF ANHUI HUAXIN LEAD INDUSTRY GROUP Co Ltd
Current assignee: JINQIAN BRANCH OF ANHUI HUAXIN LEAD INDUSTRY GROUP Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-11-14
Filing date: 2013-11-14
Publication date: 2014-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2033-11-14
Also published as: CN103834817B

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined regenerated lead oxygen-enriched three-blowing energy-saving smelting furnace. A furnace body 1 is arranged vertically, the whole furnace body 1 is divided into a lower section, a middle section and an upper section, the lower section is a smelting area 4 and comprises a stationary area 20, a bubbling area 21, and a reduction area 22 from bottom to top, the middle section is a waste heat utilization area 5, the lower half part of the waste heat utilization area is a secondary combustion area 23, the upper half part of the waste heat utilization area is a raw material preheating area 24, the upper section is a smoke discharging and feeding area 6. The vertical furnace body is more convenient to fully use the waste heat of the offgas for preheating the raw material, so that the energy-saving effect is remarkably improved, the dosage of the reducing agent is reduced, and the content of lead in the slag is lowered. The novel furnace body adopts a metal water jacket component and is combined by segmental hoisting, thus being convenient to maintain, and greatly lowering the maintenance cost.

Description

A kind of assembly type secondary lead oxygen enrichment three blows energy saving smelting-furnace

Technical field

The present invention relates to Metal smelting technical field, more specifically say that a kind of assembly type secondary lead oxygen enrichment three blows energy saving smelting-furnace.

Background technology

Along with the aggravation of energy dilemma, lead acid cell is as the energy storage carrier of the novel energies such as sun power, wind energy, nuclear energy, and its development importance becomes clear day by day, and ore deposit lead resource faces exhaustion, and secondary lead recycle becomes inevitable.Secondary lead is as new industry, and smelting technology is in the exploratory stage, and its highly energy-consuming high pollution problem receives much concern, and national policy explicitly calls for secondary lead smelting to ban the various reverberatory furnaces of direct fire coal, accelerates technological innovation, and propulsion energy-saving reduces discharging.There is no in the world at present ripe secondary lead smelting technology, the smelting technology of domestic each secondary lead smelting enterprise is to improve on the plumbous smelting technology in ore deposit always, such as oxygen bottom blowing smelting bath smelting process---QSL stove and SKS(Shuikoushan) stove, oxygen top blown smelting bath smelting process---Kaldo stove, ISA stove does not all form maturation process, although these smelting technology energy-conserving and emission-cutting technologies have had obvious progress, but the plumbous energy consumption of smelting of ton is generally more than 250 kilograms, waste residue lead tolerance is higher than 6%, require gap larger with the plumbous energy consumption of ton lower than 130 kilograms and leaded 2% the national standard of being no more than of waste residue.A kind of side-blown smelting furnace of up-to-date release in nearly 2 years is having further and is improving aspect energy-conservation and reduction waste residue lead tolerance, exists several respects problem urgently to improve but still give prominence to: the one, and furnace hearth melt disturbance mixing effect is not good; The 2nd, feed opening fixedly causes blanking inhomogeneous, and airtight molten bath cannot directly be stirred, and reduction is difficult to thoroughly complete, and improves reducing degree and is forced to excessive interpolation reductive agent, causes reductive agent waste serious; The 3rd, the oxygen and the fuel gas mixture ratio that blast molten bath are difficult to science control, and the too high generation over oxidation of oxygen proportion affects melt reduction, increases also commercial weight, causes highly energy-consuming, and oxygen proportion is on the low side, causes fuel gas buring to cause not to the utmost energy dissipation; The 4th, body of heater heat-stable material corrosion damage is fast, and body of heater is disposable in addition builds up, dismounting inconvenience, and maintenance cost is high.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is for solving above-mentioned technological deficiency, provide a kind of assembly type secondary lead three to blow energy saving smelting-furnace, its comprehensive advantage that absorbs existing bottom convertor, side-blown converter, carry out three position oxygen enrichments and blow combustion smelting technology, by a Boiling Combustion, secondary oxygenating, combustion-supporting and high-altitude rotates even material loading, improve smelting furnace heat absorption efficiency, realize containing scrap lead rapid melting reduction rapidly, utilize vertical body of heater to be more convenient for making full use of using waste heat from tail gas and carry out raw material preheating, energy-saving effect significantly improves, reduce reductive agent consumption simultaneously, reduced slag lead tolerance.Novel body of heater is taked metal water grip assembly and segmental hoisting combination, and convenient for maintaining, reduces maintenance cost greatly.

The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is taked is:

A kind of assembly type secondary lead oxygen enrichment three blows energy saving smelting-furnace, body of heater 1 is taked vertical setting, body of heater 1 entirety is divided into hypomere, stage casing, epimere three parts, and wherein hypomere part is smelting zone 4, and hypomere part is divided into again quiescent centre 20, bubbling area 21 and reduction zone 22 from bottom to top, stage casing part is UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN district 5, and the Lower Half in UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN district is secondary combustion zone 23, and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN district upper part is raw material preheating district 24, epimere part is smoke evacuation and feeding area 6, three parts of body of heater adopt lifting array mode to install, bottom is copper water jacket 17, centre is steel water jacket 18 inner lining refractory block walls 19, top is the steel top cover with Water-cooling circulating chamber 28, three parts respectively tighten screw rod 34 independent suspensions with one or more groups respectively and are fixed on furnace body support 2, in bottom, melting reaction pond and sidewall, mixed gas is set respectively, the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 7 of oxygen and side-blown spray gun 8, on the periphery sidewall of the furnace body of secondary combustion zone, oxygenating spray gun 9 is set, the bottom in melting reaction pond is domatic bottom surface 25, a low-lying side is that plumbous liquid is assembled pond 26, the stage casing that corresponding plumbous liquid is assembled pond sidewall arranges lead outlet 13, lead outlet is assembled pond 26 by plumbous liquid siphon pipe 12 and plumbous liquid and is communicated, in plumbous liquid gathering 26 bottoms, pond, safety is set and puts plumbous mouthful 15, the effective stopping valve control of lead discharging therebetween opens and closes, and at outer setting electric heating cover 16, it is slag partition wall 3 and slag siphonic water-collecting well 10 that plumbous liquid is assembled 26 tops, pond, top, slag siphonic water-collecting well outer end arranges slag-drip opening 11, oppositely arrange and the safe slag notch 14 of platform bottom level in domatic bottom surface platform one side and with slag-drip opening.

Top is closed on top cover place smoke-uptake 46 is set, and top arranges rotating cap 27 and charging opening 31.

Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:

1, smelting furnace is taked vertical setting, increases body of heater height, ensures that raw material contacted with the smelting exhaust long period, continues heat absorption, makes full use of using waste heat from tail gas to raw material preheating, improves Energy efficiency.

2, take bottom blowing and two kinds of modes of side-blown combustion gas and high-concentration oxygen mixing can be blasted to melting reaction pond, make combustion gas in the inner detonation of melt, red-hot flame is sealed the lower long period at melt and is stranded in melt inside, can make heat energy be absorbed by melt more, improve utilization efficiency of heat energy, when red-hot flame breaks through melt and seals in addition, can cause the rolling of melt boiling shape, produce stirring effect.Because side-blown can only burning and stirring around melt inside, centre is usually difficult to reach, and makes up side-blown defect so increase bottom blowing, makes the inner comprehensive stirring of melt.

3, above melting pond, sidewall of the furnace body arranges oxygenating spray gun, in order to prevent excessive oxygen oxidation raw material and plumbous product, affect melt reduction effect, take to control the relative combustion gas of bottom blowing side-blown amount of oxygen slightly on the low side, to maintain reducing environment, certainly will cause like this in tail gas and be rich in combustion gas, the high-temperature vapor generation water-gas reaction that can produce with combustion of natural gas while crashing into molten bath as the red-hot coke of reductive agent in addition, generates inflammable CO and H ₂gas, for ensureing not allow CO and the H of excessive combustion gas and generation ₂gas discharges in vain with tail gas, and above melting pond, sidewall of the furnace body arranges oxygenating spray gun, sprays into oxygen to red-hot combustible gas, realizes secondary detonation, further increases raw material preheating effect, improves efficiency of energy utilization.The setting of oxygenating spray gun can not be higher unsuitable on the low side again, and higher raw material preheating distance shortens, and reduces pre-heat effect, and position is on the low side makes supplementary oxygen spray to bath surface, and the red-hot charcoal that easily ignites, affects reduction effect, wastes energy and reductive agent.So extreme lower position is advisable with the red-hot charcoal of the bath surface that do not ignite.

4, take rotating cap and sprue asymmetrical design, can make raw material evenly drop into melting pond, avoid because of the raw ripe inequality of too concentrated formation that feeds intake, reduce thoroughly, waste reductive agent, produce high gray slag.By increasing body of heater, can utilize furnace charge falling bodies kinetic energy to impact melt in addition, form multiple spot and shake effect, promote the mixing of raw material, improve reduction effect, save reductive agent, reduce slag lead tolerance.

5, body of heater adopts lifting array mode to install, and each several part tightens screw rod with one or more groups respectively and is independently fixed on support, is convenient to dismounting maintenance, reduces maintenance cost.

6, body of heater different sites adopts respectively the furnace binding of the multiple carrying high temperature such as copper water jacket, steel water jacket according to corrosion size, increasing body of heater intensity, extend converter life, reduce frequency of maintenance, reducing maintenance cost simultaneously, further reduce body of heater cost.

7, winding-up high-concentration oxygen, can improve efficiency of combustion, reduces jet amount and exhaust emissions amount, controls tail gas and carries Dust Capacity and vent gas treatment amount secretly.

8, body of heater upper end periphery arranges wear ring, utilizes negative pressure to adopt the soft curtain gluing, sealing of heat-resistant antifriction between top cover and wear ring, is convenient to furnace sealing and maintains subnormal ambient.

Compared with the prior art, unusual effect of the present invention is embodied in:

The inner oxygen enriched blast in molten bath blows combustion, has extended flame in the inner residence time of melt, has improved heat absorption efficiency, and tail gas oxygenating secondary combustion and body of heater vertically increase, and have improved exhaust heat-energy utilising efficiency; Take the measures such as oxygen-enriched bottom-blowing, side-blown Boiling Combustion, rotary feeding, falling bodies rapping, can make raw material and reductive agent stir more even, reduction reaction is more thorough, not only saves reductive agent consumption, and reduces slag lead tolerance, greatly improves and plumbous rate; Adopt siphon technology, ensured the timely automatic-discharging of plumbous liquid and slag; Take to lift built-up type body of heater and be convenient to detachable maintaining; Adopt steel copper water jacket technology that body of heater heat-proof corrosion resistant erosion ability is improved greatly, can greatly extend body of heater work-ing life, reduce frequency of maintenance, fallen low maintenance cost.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is X-axis vertical cross section structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is that the plumbous liquid of the present invention is assembled pond Y-axis vertical cross section structural representation.

Number in the figure: 1 body of heater, 2 furnace body supports, 3 slag partition walls, 4 smelting zones, 5 UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN districts, 6 smoke evacuation and feeding areas, 7 bottom spray guns, 8 sidewall spray guns, 9 oxygenating spray guns, 10 slag siphonic water-collecting wells, 11 slag-drip openings, 12 plumbous liquid siphon pipes, 13 lead outlet, 14 safe slag notch, 15 put safely plumbous mouthful, 16 electric heating covers, 17 copper water jackets, 18 steel water jackets, 19 refractory brickworks, 20 leave standstill district, 21 bubbling areas, 22 reduction zones, 23 secondary combustion zones, 24 raw material preheating districts, 25 domatic faces, 26 plumbous liquid are assembled pond, 27 rotating caps, 28 Water-cooling circulating chambeies, 29 water funnels, 30 steam liberation ports, 31 feed openings (31 A, 31 B), 32 viewports, 33 monitoring platforms, 34 expansion screws, 35 orbital platforms, 36 driving gear (36A, 36 B), 37 orbit rings, 38 cross track wheels, 39 vertical rail wheels, 40 gear ring (40A, 40 B), 41 wear rings, 42 soft curtains, 43 weighted spherical ball, 44 sleeve pipes, 45 gear motors (45 A, 45 B), 46 smoke-uptakes.

Embodiment

Below pass through embodiment, and the invention will be further described by reference to the accompanying drawings:

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of assembly type secondary lead oxygen enrichment three blows energy saving smelting-furnace, and body of heater 1 is taked vertical setting, and body of heater 1 entirety is divided into hypomere, stage casing, epimere three parts, wherein hypomere part is smelting zone 4, and hypomere part is divided into again quiescent centre 20, bubbling area 21 and reduction zone 22 from bottom to top, stage casing part is UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN district 5, and the Lower Half in UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN district is secondary combustion zone 23, and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN district upper part is raw material preheating district 24, epimere part is smoke evacuation and feeding area 6, three parts of body of heater adopt lifting array mode to install, bottom is copper water jacket 17, centre is steel water jacket 18 inner lining refractory block walls 19, top is the steel top cover with Water-cooling circulating chamber 28, three parts respectively tighten screw rod 34 independent suspensions with one or more groups respectively and are fixed on furnace body support 2, in bottom, melting reaction pond and sidewall, mixed gas is set respectively, the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun 7 of oxygen and side-blown spray gun 8, on the periphery sidewall of the furnace body of secondary combustion zone, oxygenating spray gun 9 is set, the bottom in melting reaction pond is domatic bottom surface 25, a low-lying side is that plumbous liquid is assembled pond 26, the stage casing that corresponding plumbous liquid is assembled pond sidewall arranges lead outlet 13, lead outlet is assembled pond 26 by plumbous liquid siphon pipe 12 and plumbous liquid and is communicated, in plumbous liquid gathering 26 bottoms, pond, safety is set and puts plumbous mouthful 15, the effective stopping valve control of lead discharging therebetween opens and closes, and at outer setting electric heating cover 16, it is slag partition wall 3 and slag siphonic water-collecting well 10 that plumbous liquid is assembled 26 tops, pond, top, slag siphonic water-collecting well outer end arranges slag-drip opening 11, oppositely arrange and the safe slag notch 14 of platform bottom level in domatic bottom surface platform one side and with slag-drip opening.

Rotating cap 27 and charging opening 31 concrete structures are: in next-door neighbour top cover position, sidewall of the furnace body top, round circular orbit platform 35 is set, orbit ring 37 is set on orbital platform, correspondingly, at the periphery of rotating cap inner face, some cross track wheels 38 and vertical rail wheel 39 is set respectively.Orbital platform slides for vertical rail wheel 39, to ensure the smooth rotation of top cover, cross track wheel 38 slides around orbit ring 37 inner curve, controlling top cover is not offset by designed path rotation, top cover is taked superimposed double-deck axial fixing structure, toothed gear ring 40A is set in lower floor's lid periphery, the gear motor 45A with driving gear 36A is correspondingly set on support, by driving gear 36A, the driving of gear ring 40A is realized the rotation of top cover.Toothed gear ring 40B is set in the lid periphery of upper strata, gear motor 45B is correspondingly set on support, superimposed Double layer rotating is overlapped or misplaces to control the switching of feed opening 31 by differential gear 36B, feed opening 31A and feed opening 31B take asymmetrical design, ensure uniform blanking by rotation.Body of heater upper end periphery arranges wear ring 41, and at the soft curtain 42 of lower floor's top cover edge riveted heat-resistant antifriction, soft curtain 42 gluing, sealing ring 41 under the gravity of weighted spherical ball 43 is realized the sealing of top cover to body of heater.The lower floor of the superimposed bilayer of top cover is designed with Water-cooling circulating chamber 28, and welds a sleeve pipe 44 in axle core position, connects water funnel 29, inner tube upper end is steam liberation port 30 on the outer tube of sleeve pipe 44.The upper strata of superimposed bilayer connects by bearing and the sliding accessory of sleeve pipe 44.Smelting furnace also arranges viewport 32 and monitoring platform 33, by the running condition of burning in viewport 32 observable stoves, can control smelting furnace blanking, melting reaction supervisor by monitoring platform 33.

Key points for operation:

1, smelting furnace igniting and operation.Before igniting, filler is prepared, first pack bulk wooden stick into furnace bottom and carry out pad, reinstall fillet and charcoal piece, highly exceed 1 meter to 2 meters of the spout of side-blown spray gun, finally evenly pack the compound of above and 3 centimetres of the particle charcoal piece granularities of 5 centimetres of 1 meter of thick scrap lead raw material block granularities, iron filings into.After filler installs, first open smelting furnace negative pressure device, more slowly open Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun the igniting of electricity consumption submode, from viewport observation is confirmed to light, open successively side-blown spray gun, at timber combustion phases, strengthen a little oxygen proportion, with combustion-supporting timber and charcoal piece.Along with the burning of timber, start gradually feeding device, slowly continuous material, ensure raw material submergence side-blown spray gun all the time, start, after fusing, to reduce gradually to spray oxygen ratio until the plumbous material of wooden unit after-flame, open oxygenating spray gun, until while there is gaseous combustion in bed of material surface, stablize combustion gas and oxygen mix ratio, according to furnace hearth situation, can strengthen in proportion spray gun tolerance, make molten bath produce boiling rolling effect, the large-minded furnace hearth combustion gas situation of overflowing of neglecting of oxygenating spray gun is determined.Along with melting is carried out, furnace charge fusing in molten bath is accelerated, and melt is brightened by dark red, and plumbous liquid builds up, and lead outlet can continue lead and deslagging mutually with slag-drip opening, smelts and reaches normal operation.Air feed is reinforced afterwards can be proceeded to and be controlled platform auto-controll operation by manual debugging.

2, the flame-out maintenance of smelting furnace.Close charging opening and oxygenating spray gun, maintaining under the prerequisite of bottom blowing side-blown spray gun spray combustion function, open safe slag notch, first emptying slag, then close side-blown spray gun, start electric heating cover, open safety and put plumbous mouthful, the plumbous liquid of emptying, then close Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun, complete flame-out program.Finally utilize negative pressure device to substitute gas in body of heater, ensure remedial operation safety.

Claims

1. assembly type secondary lead oxygen enrichment three blows an energy saving smelting-furnace, and body of heater is taked vertical setting, and body of heater entirety is divided into hypomere, stage casing, epimere three parts, and wherein hypomere part is smelting zone, and hypomere part is divided into again quiescent centre, bubbling area and reduction zone from bottom to top, stage casing part is UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN district, and the Lower Half in UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN district is secondary combustion zone, and UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN district upper part is raw material preheating district, epimere part is smoke evacuation and feeding area, three parts of body of heater adopt lifting array mode to install, bottom is copper water jacket, centre is steel water jacket inner lining refractory block wall, top is the steel top cover with Water-cooling circulating chamber, three parts respectively tighten screw rod independent suspension with one or more groups respectively and are fixed on furnace body support, in bottom, melting reaction pond and sidewall, mixed gas is set respectively, the Bottom Blowing Ejection Gun of oxygen and side-blown spray gun, on the periphery sidewall of the furnace body of secondary combustion zone, oxygenating spray gun is set, the bottom in melting reaction pond is domatic bottom surface, a low-lying side is that plumbous liquid is assembled pond, the stage casing that corresponding plumbous liquid is assembled pond sidewall arranges lead outlet, lead outlet is assembled pond by plumbous liquid siphon pipe and plumbous liquid and is communicated, in bottom, plumbous liquid gathering pond, safety is set and puts plumbous mouthful, the effective stopping valve control of lead discharging therebetween opens and closes, and at outer setting electric heating cover, it is slag partition wall and slag siphonic water-collecting well that plumbous liquid is assembled top, pond, top, slag siphonic water-collecting well outer end arranges slag-drip opening, oppositely arrange and the safe slag notch of platform bottom level in domatic bottom surface platform one side and with slag-drip opening.

2. assembly type secondary lead oxygen enrichment three according to claim 1 blows energy saving smelting-furnace, it is characterized in that, top is closed on top cover place smoke-uptake is set, and top arranges rotating cap and charging opening.