CN103818238A - 变速器-发动机-组件 - Google Patents

变速器-发动机-组件 Download PDF

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CN103818238A
CN103818238A CN201310573802.7A CN201310573802A CN103818238A CN 103818238 A CN103818238 A CN 103818238A CN 201310573802 A CN201310573802 A CN 201310573802A CN 103818238 A CN103818238 A CN 103818238A
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speed box
gear
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driving engine
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W·哈斯
M·福内姆
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/24—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有至少两个能够通过分变速器彼此独立运行的驱动单元的变速器-发动机-组件。本发明的特征在于，所述分变速器中的至少一个包括至少一个行星齿轮变速器组。

Description

变速器-发动机-组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有至少两个能够通过分变速器彼此独立运行的驱动单元的变速器-发动机-组件。
背景技术
德国公开文献DE 10 2010 022 751 A1中公开一种具有两个能够彼此独立运行的驱动单元和一个双离合器变速器的变速器-发动机-组件，该双离合器变速器具有两个变速器输入轴和一个共同的变速器输出轴。德国公开文献DE 10 2010 025 454 A1中公开一种具有带有两个能够彼此独立运行的驱动单元的变速器发动机组件的车辆驱动装置，其中，相应地所述驱动单元中的一个与所述变速器单元中的一个构成分传动系，并且其中，在驱动单元和变速器单元之间在分传动系内部各设置一个离合器装置。德国公开文献DE 10 2010 049 931 A1中公开一种用于控制机动车的传动系的方法，该传动系具有自动变速器、离合器装置、内燃机以及电动机。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，实现一种根据权利要求1的前序部分的变速器-发动机-组件，该变速器-发动机-组件简单地构造和/或能够成本低廉地制造。
本发明的任务，在具有至少两个能够通过分变速器彼此独立运行的驱动单元的变速器-发动机-组件中，通过这种方式解决，即所述分变速器中的至少一个包括至少一个行星齿轮变速器组。行星齿轮变速器组例如包括一个太阳轮，该太阳轮通过行星齿轮与空心齿轮耦合。行星齿轮可旋转地安装在行星齿轮架上。在本发明的范围内，行星齿轮变速器的特性被充分利用，以通过行星齿轮变速器组的三个可能的输入部分或输出部分实现功率分出或可能的功率相加。此外，通过使用行星齿轮变速器组，在尽可能高的档位数和高的变速器分级（Getriebespreizung）的情况下能够实现紧凑的结构方式。此外，通过使用尽可能少的零部件能够使制造费用减少到最低程度。驱动单元优选实施为内燃机，尤其是较小的内燃机。
变速器-发动机-组件的优选实施例的特征在于，分变速器分别包括至少一个行星齿轮变速器组。替代地，所述分变速器中的至少一个，至少部分地，实施为正齿轮变速器、尤其是具有中间齿轮的正齿轮变速器。但是，两个分变速器也能够完全在没有正齿轮级的情况下实施。
变速器-发动机-组件的另一优选实施例的特征在于，分变速器分别包括一个拉维娜组（Ravigneaux-Satz）。在此有利地，每个拉维娜组能仅针对一个驱动单元的转矩，也就是针对总转矩的一半设计。由此，能进一步降低制造费用。此外，通过使用两个拉维娜组能够实现用于两个驱动单元的倒档。具有两个拉维娜组的变速器-发动机-组件不仅在以仅仅一个驱动单元的运行中，而且在以两个驱动单元的运行中完全能负载换挡。由此，能够避免不希望地降低或中断牵引力。
变速器-发动机-组件的另一优选实施例的特征在于，通过至少一个行星齿轮变速器组使具有转矩相加的档位与具有转速相加的档位组合。特别有利地，通过使用至少一个行星齿轮变速器组，多个轴能够用于功率输入。因此，能够直接在分变速器中实现各个驱动单元的功率相加。通过组合转矩相加的档位和转速相加的档位，行星齿轮变速器组能够多次被使用，从而利用现存的齿轮得出附加的档位。因此，需要的齿轮级或行星齿轮组的数量能被最优化。
变速器-发动机-组件的另一优选实施例的特征在于，给第一驱动单元配置的分变速器实施为主变速器并且包括两个单行星齿轮变速器组，所述两个单行星齿轮变速器组相互耦合。单行星齿轮变速器组分别包括一个空心齿轮、一个太阳轮和多个行星齿轮，所述行星齿轮可旋转地安装在行星齿轮架上。根据一个实施例，第一行星齿轮变速器组的行星齿轮架与第二行星齿轮变速器组的空心齿轮耦合。根据另一实施例，两个行星齿轮变速器组的行星齿轮架能够相互耦合。
变速器-发动机-组件的另一优选实施例的特征在于，给行星齿轮变速器组配置制动器和离合器或者给多个行星齿轮变速器组分别配置至少一个制动器和一个离合器。所述制动器和离合器以公知的方式和方法用于制动行星齿轮变速器组的配设的部件或者用于与变速器组件、如轴无相对转动地连接。
变速器-发动机-组件的另一优选实施例的特征在于，给第二驱动单元配置的分变速器实施为中间齿轮变速器。有利地，中间齿轮变速器实施为纯正齿轮变速器。中间齿轮能够相对成本低廉地被制造，因为它仅需针对所述驱动单元中的一个的转矩和必要时混合-电动机的转矩确定尺寸。
变速器-发动机-组件的另一优选实施例的特征在于，给一个驱动单元或所述第二驱动单元配置具有电机的飞轮有效离合器（Schwungnutzkupplung）。能够给第一驱动单元配置传统的起动器。给第二驱动单元配置的具有电机的飞轮有效离合器能够实现快速的、舒适的起动，该起动能够实现重新连接第二驱动单元。取代飞轮有效离合器也可以使用针对较高的转矩设计的起动器发电机。
变速器-发动机-组件的另一优选实施例的特征在于，给两个驱动单元配置仅仅一个电机。有利地，两个驱动单元通过仅仅一个电机、尤其是一个起动器发电机的起动能够通过在分变速器中布置档位实现。
此外，本发明涉及用于前面描述的变速器-发动机-组件的动力分配变速器（Summiergetriebe）。在该动力分配变速器中，使两个分变速器组合。有利地，两个驱动单元能够直接通过法兰连接到动力分配变速器上。
附图说明
本发明的其他优点、特征和细节从以下说明中得出，其中，参考附图详细说明不同的实施例。附图示出：
图1在行星齿轮变速器基础上的具有中间齿轮的动力分配变速器；
图2与在图1中类似的在五个档位-实施方案中具有共同的起动器发电机的动力分配变速器；
图3在两个拉维娜组的基础上的动力分配变速器；
图4具有一个单行星齿轮变速器组和两个以正齿轮方案实施的中间齿轮变速器的动力分配变速器；和
图5根据另一实施例的在行星齿轮变速器基础上的具有中间齿轮的动力分配变速器。
具体实施方式
在图1至5中简化示出五个根据本发明的变速器-发动机-组件11至15。所述变速器-发动机-组件11至15分别包括第一驱动单元21和第二驱动单元22。两个驱动单元21、22实施为分别具有曲轴25、26的内燃机。
变速器-发动机-组件11至15被设计用于在载客车辆中。通过实施为内燃机的驱动单元21、22的有目的的小型化，相对于传统的驱动单元，例如在四缸-构造方式中，能够实现显著的使用优点。
两个驱动单元21、22能够彼此独立运行，例如在开头提到的德国公开文献DE 10 2010 022 751 A1、DE 10 2010 025 454 A1和DE 10 2010049 931 A1中描述的。
两个驱动单元21、22优选涉及两个较小的内燃机，所述内燃机能够在载客车辆中彼此独立运行。两个内燃机21、22在中间连接两个离合器31、32的情况下能够通过动力分配变速器和差速器28单独或一起用于驱动载客车辆。
在图1中示出的变速器-发动机-组件11包括第一分变速器40，该分变速器配置给第一驱动单元21并且实施为主变速器。该主变速器40由两个单行星齿轮变速器组41、42构成。行星齿轮变速器组41和42分别包括太阳轮、空心齿轮和多个行星齿轮，所述行星齿轮可旋转地安装在行星齿轮架上。两个行星齿轮变速器组41、42在第一行星齿轮变速器组41的行星齿轮架和第二行星齿轮变速器组42的空心齿轮之间相互耦合。
第一内燃机21的曲轴首先直接与第一行星齿轮变速器组41的太阳轮连接。动力输出通过第二行星齿轮变速器组42的行星齿轮架实现，该行星齿轮变速器组通过正齿轮级44与差速器28连接。
此外，给行星齿轮变速器组41、42分别配置制动器B1、B2和离合器K1、K2。通过组合地连接离合器K1、K2和制动器B1、B2能够用示出的组件首先示出四个档位，即，档位1、2以及4、5。
为此，在以下表1中示出要求的连接设计。
表1
说明 K1 B1 K2 B2
1档 ∑M在S1上 ○ × ○ ×
2档 ∑M在S1上 ○ × × ○
3档 ∑M在S2上 ○ × ○ ×
4档 ∑M在S1上 × ○ ○ ×
5档 ∑M在S1上 × ○ × ○
6档 ∑M在S2上 × ○ ○ ○
在表1中，字母S代表路径。通过路径1表明第一行星齿轮变速器组41的行星齿轮架和第二行星齿轮变速器组42的空心齿轮之间的耦合。通过路径2表明第二行星齿轮变速器组42的行星齿轮架与从动装置的耦合。
四个档位1、2以及4、5供具有驱动单元21的运行使用。因此，通过驱动单元或内燃机21能够实现到大约120至140公里的速度。
第二内燃机22的连接通过中间齿轮变速器45实现，该中间齿轮变速器为在图1中示出的动力分配变速器的第二分变速器。中间齿轮变速器45实施为具有变速器级iV、iR、iV3和iV6的正齿轮变速器。中间齿轮能够相对成本低廉地被制造，因为仅仅对于第二内燃机32和必要时混合-电动机的转矩来说必须确定所述中间齿轮的尺寸。在档位1、2、4和5中，第二内燃机22通过级iV直接作用到第一行星齿轮变速器组41的太阳轮上。在所述档位中实现在第一行星齿轮变速器组41的太阳轮上的转矩相加。
通过中间齿轮级实现旋转方向反向。因此，尽管在图1中布置在右边的内燃机22旋转了180度，可以应用两个具有相同旋转方向的内燃机21、22。因此，两个驱动单元21、22可以完全相同。通过接通或切断第二内燃机22能够根据情况使转矩进而使可供使用的功率加倍。
现在，在双发动机运行中能够设计两个另外的档位级。为此，首先，中间齿轮必须连接到档位级iV3或iV6中。现在，在主变速器40中，第二内燃机22的转矩不再被导入到第一行星齿轮变速器组41的太阳轮上，而是被导入到第二行星齿轮变速器组42的太阳轮上。通过该连接实现在第二行星齿轮变速器组42中的转速相加。因此，在第六档位中能够实现完全的终极速度。该传动级也需要具有两个发动机，因为对于仅仅一个发动机的功率来说，该速度下行驶阻力太大。通过档位3得出另外的附加的档位，该档位改进在中等速度区域中的在双发动机运行中的加速度。
因为发动机21总是在运行中，此外在这里，能够利用传统的起动器47工作。但是对于第二内燃机22必须实现快速的、舒适的起动，该起动能够快速接通第二内燃机22。因此，给第二驱动单元22配置具有处于外部的电机或处于外部的电动机48的飞轮有效离合器。替代地，第二驱动单元22的起动通过具有较高转矩的起动器发电机直接实现。
在图1中示出的实施例中，倒档在中间齿轮中构成。因此，第一内燃机21能够不用于倒档。在大坡度时对于倒档行驶不足的转矩能够通过电机48补足。这在确定电机48尺寸时要注意。
在图2中示出的变速器-发动机-组件12与在图1中示出的变速器-发动机-组件11相似。为了表明相同或相似的部分使用相同的附图标记。区别于图1，在图2中省去中间齿轮iV3。由此，通过在图2中的变速器-发动机-组件12能够实现仅仅五个档位。但是为此，用于单发动机运行的档位分级能够较协调地被设计，因为在档位2和档位4之间不需要较高的档位跳跃。因此，尽管可能的总分级降低了一点，但是得出在各个档位之间统一的级跳跃。
此外，与变速器结构独立地在图2中表明电机50，有利地，该电机能够应用为两个驱动单元或内燃机21、22的起动器。两个内燃机21、22通过电机或起动器发电机50的起动通过在正齿轮变速器45中布置档位和在第二内燃机22中布置离合器32实现。为了起动第一内燃机21，打开离合器K1和制动器B1以及闭合离合器K2和制动器B2，也就是说在车辆静止状态中。闭合离合器K2和制动器B2保证在起动第一内燃机21时没有牵引转矩传递到从动装置上。
在以下的表2中示出图2中变速器-发动机-组件12的连接设计表。
表2
K1 B1 K2 B2
1档 ○ × ○ ×
2档 ○ × × ○
3档 × ○ ○ ×
4档 × ○ × ○
5档 × ○ ○ ○
在起动驱动单元21时，该驱动单元也被称为内燃机1VKM1，离合器32打开，该离合器也被称为离合器KVKM2，并且离合器31闭合，该离合器也被称为离合器KVKM1。中间齿轮档位等于一。离合器K1和制动器B1打开。离合器K2和制动器B2闭合。
在起动驱动单元22时，该驱动单元也被称为内燃机2VKM2，离合器32闭合，该离合器也被称为KVKM2。中间齿轮处在中性位置中。
在图3中示出的变速器-发动机-组件13根本不包括正齿轮级，而包括两个拉维娜组51、52。离合器31与拉维娜组51的离合器K1和K2和K3组合，该拉维娜组还包括制动器B1和B2。离合器32与配置给拉维娜组52的离合器K1和K2组合，该拉维娜组也还包括制动器B1和B2。
以下表3给出各个档位的离合器和制动器的必要的连接位置。在此，拉维娜组51、52分别为分变速器，该分变速器配置给所述驱动单元21、22中的一个。
表3
K1 B1 K3 K2 B2
1档 ○ × ○ ○ ×
2档 ○ × ○ × ○
3档 × × ○ ○ ○
4档 × ○ ○ × ○
5档 ○ ○ × ○ ×
在图3中示出的变速器-发动机-组件13的优点在于，每个拉维娜组51、52仅仅针对一个驱动单元21、22的转矩、也就是总转矩的一半设计。这重新降低每个行星齿轮组的必需的费用。通过应用拉维娜组51、52，倒档可供两个驱动单元21、22使用。在这里，涉及与传统的自动变速器类似或相似的结构，该***不仅在单发动机运行而且在双发动机运行中完全能负载换挡。由此，不会减小或中断牵引力。
在图4中示出的变速器-发动机-组件14中，动力分配变速器包括两个分变速器61、62。两个分变速器61、62实施为正齿轮变速器并且与单行星齿轮变速器组64组合。在图4中布置在左边的内燃机21通过正齿轮变速器61的档位1至3与行星齿轮变速器组64的太阳轮连接。首先，行星齿轮变速器组64的空心齿轮通过配属的制动器锁止，从而行星齿轮变速器组64作为传动级起作用。在图4中布置在右边的内燃机22能够通过1：1级和纵轴65转矩相加地连接到这些档位中。因此，在图4中布置在左边的正齿轮变速器61按照两个发动机21、22的满转矩设计。在图4中布置在右边的正齿轮变速器62实施为中间齿轮变速器并且仅仅按照图4中布置在右边的驱动单元22的部分转矩来确定尺寸。
如果在行星齿轮变速器组64上的制动器松开，则在行星齿轮变速器组64上能够产生另一档位。现在，在图4中布置在右边的驱动单元22通过第二中间齿轮级与行星齿轮变速器组64的空心齿轮连接并且实现在行星齿轮变速器组64中的转速相加，因此，得出第四档位。
在图5中示出的变速器-发动机-组件15相对于在图1中示出的变速器-发动机-组件11基本上区别在于，在图5中布置在左边的分变速器71的两个行星齿轮变速器组41、42借助于离合器装置70通过它们的行星齿轮架相互耦合。动力输出通过第二行星齿轮变速器组42的空心齿轮实现。在图5中布置在右边的分变速器72实施为中间齿轮。
以下表4给出在图5中示出的变速器-发动机-组件15的档位1至5的离合器和制动器的必要的连接位置。
表4
K1 B1 K2 B2
1档 ○ × × ○
2档 ○ × ○ ×
3档 × ○ ○ ○
4档 × ○ ○ ×
5档 × ○ ○ ○
附图标记列表
11  变速器-发动机-组件
12  变速器-发动机-组件
13  变速器-发动机-组件
14  变速器-发动机-组件
15  变速器-发动机-组件
21  第一驱动单元
22  第二驱动单元
25  曲轴
26  曲轴
28  差速器
31  第一离合器
32  第二离合器
40  主变速器=＞分变速器
41  行星齿轮变速器组
42  行星齿轮变速器组
44  正齿轮级
45  中间齿轮变速器
47  起动器
48  电机
50  电机
51  拉维娜组
52  拉维娜组
61  分变速器
62  分变速器
64  行星齿轮变速器组
65  纵轴
70  离合器装置
71  分变速器
72  分变速器

Claims (10)

1.一种变速器-发动机-组件，具有至少两个能够通过分变速器（40,45;51,52;61,62;71,72）相互独立运行的驱动单元（21,22），其特征在于，所述分变速器（40,45;51,52;61,62;71,72）中的至少一个包括至少一个行星齿轮变速器组（41,42;64）。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变速器-发动机-组件，其特征在于，所述分变速器（40,45）分别包括至少一个行星齿轮变速器组（41,42）。
3.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的变速器-发动机-组件，其特征在于，所述分变速器（51,52）分别包括一个拉维娜组。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的变速器-发动机-组件，其特征在于，通过所述至少一个行星齿轮变速器组（51,52）使具有转矩相加的档位和具有转速相加的档位组合。
5.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的变速器-发动机-组件，其特征在于，给第一驱动单元（21）配置的分变速器（40）实施为主变速器并且包括两个单行星齿轮变速器组（41,42），所述两个单行星齿轮变速器组相互耦合。
6.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的变速器-发动机-组件，其特征在于，给所述行星齿轮变速器组配置制动器和离合器或者给所述行星齿轮变速器组（41,42;64）分别配置至少一个制动器（B）和离合器（K）。
7.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的变速器-发动机-组件，其特征在于，给第二驱动单元（22）配置的分变速器（45）实施为中间齿轮变速器。
8.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的变速器-发动机-组件，其特征在于，给一个驱动单元或所述第二驱动单元（22）配置具有电机（48）的飞轮有效离合器。
9.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的变速器-发动机-组件，其特征在于，给两个驱动单元（21,22）配置仅仅一个电机（50）。
10.一种用于根据上述权利要求中任一项的变速器-发动机-组件（11-15）的动力分配变速器。
CN201310573802.7A 2012-11-15 2013-11-15 变速器-发动机-组件 Pending CN103818238A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20140528