CN103806129A - Nitrogen-doped porous carbon fiber material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Nitrogen-doped porous carbon fiber material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103806129A CN103806129A CN201410056572.1A CN201410056572A CN103806129A CN 103806129 A CN103806129 A CN 103806129A CN 201410056572 A CN201410056572 A CN 201410056572A CN 103806129 A CN103806129 A CN 103806129A
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a nitrogen-doped porous carbon fiber material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving a nitrogen source and a carbon source in water, standing, precipitating and filtering to obtain a precursor formed by combining the nitrogen source and the carbon source, wherein the nitrogen source is melamine and/or cyanuric acid, and the carbon source is an organic acid and/or organic amine; (2) calcining the precursor in a tube furnace, thus obtaining the nitrogen-doped porous carbon fiber material. The melamine provided by the invention can be dissolved in a hot aqueous solution and can be assembled with the organic acid through the acting force between amino and carboxyl and the acting force of the hydrogen bond, a white precipitate is separated out through cooling treatment and serves as the precursor, the precursor is calcined at high temperature under inert gas conditions after filtering and drying, and thus the black nitrogen-doped porous carbon fiber material is obtained. The material is mild, simple and convenient in synthesis conditions and low in raw material price and has high specific surface area and good electrochemical performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material and preparation method thereof and application.
Background technology
By doping heteroatom, in carbon-based material, performance that can controlled material itself, as electric conductivity, optical and Surface chemical characteristic etc.Because the electronegativity (3.5) of nitrogen-atoms is higher than the electronegativity (3.0) of carbon atom, and have the atomic size comparable with carbon atom and electron valence state that can Cheng Jian, in recent years, the carbon-based material of nitrogen doping is constantly reported.The carbon-based material of nitrogen doping is widely used in every field as a kind of novel material with carbon element, and the subject matter facing is at present: (1) raw material cost is high, can not be widely used at the energy and environmental area; (2) synthetic method complexity, and can not prepare in a large number.Use cheap Carbon and nitrogen sources, exploitation method synthetic simple and that can prepare in a large number the carbon-based material of nitrogen doping is subject to the close attention of every field.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material and preparation method thereof and application.
First the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material, comprises the steps:
(1) nitrogenous source and carbon source are dissolved in the water; Then obtain through staticly settling and filtering the predecessor that described nitrogenous source is combined with described carbon source;
Described nitrogenous source is melamine and/or cyanuric acid;
Described carbon source is organic acid and/or organic amine;
(2) described predecessor is placed in to tube furnace and calcines, obtain described nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material.
The structure of melamine used in the present invention is suc as formula shown in I, and the structure of cyanuric acid is suc as formula shown in II.
Formula I formula II
In above-mentioned preparation method, in the optional following substances of doing for oneself of described organic acid at least one: citric acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid and acetic acid;
In the optional following substances of doing for oneself of described organic amine at least one: ethylenediamine and propane diamine.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in step (1), the mol ratio of described nitrogenous source and described carbon source can be 1～3:1～3, specifically can be 1～3:1,1:1 or 3:1.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in step (1), described nitrogenous source and described carbon source are dissolved in the water that temperature can be 50～100 ℃, specifically can be 60～100 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃ or 100 ℃.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in step (1), described in the temperature that staticly settles can be 0～15 ℃, as carried out at 4 ℃.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in step (2), described calcining step can carry out under inert atmosphere.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in step (2), the temperature of described calcining can be 300～1000 ℃, specifically can be 800～900 ℃, 800 ℃ or 900 ℃, and the time can be 0.5～4 hour, specifically can be 2～4 hours, 2 hours or 4 hours.
In above-mentioned preparation method, in step (2), described tube furnace is risen to the temperature of described calcining with the heating rate of 2～10 ℃/min, described heating rate specifically can be 2～4 ℃/min, 2 ℃/min or 4 ℃/min.
The present invention further provides the nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material being prepared by said method; Described nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material can be used for following any application:
1) prepare lithium ion battery negative material;
2) prepare fuel cell negative material;
3) water treatment.
In preparation method provided by the invention, melamine or cyanuric acid can dissolving in hydrothermal solution and organic acid or organic amine fit together by the active force between amino and carboxyl and Hyarogen-bonding, pass through cooling processing, separate out white depositions, this whiteness is as presoma, high-temperature calcination under inert gas conditions after filtration drying, obtains the porous carbon fiber material of the nitrogen doping of black.This material synthesis condition gentleness is easy, and cost of material is cheap, has the chemical property that high specific area is become reconciled.Nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material of the present invention can also be applied to the numerous areas such as lithium battery, fuel cell, supported catalyst, water treatment, biomedicine, has wide practical use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph of the porous carbon fiber material prepared of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the porous carbon fiber material prepared of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the N of the porous carbon fiber material prepared of embodiment 1
2adsorption-desorption isothermal curve.
Fig. 4 is the pore size distribution curve that the employing BJH method of the porous carbon fiber material prepared of embodiment 1 obtains.
Fig. 5 is that nitrogen prepared by embodiment 1 adulterates porous carbon fiber material at battery test system 100mA g
-1under current density, in 0-3V voltage range, carry out charge-discharge test curve.
The specific embodiment
The experimental technique using in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Material, reagent etc. used in following embodiment, if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Preparation and the electrochemical property test thereof of embodiment 1, nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material
The aqueous solution heating (80 ℃) that 1000mL is contained to 0.64g citric acid and 1.26g melamine (melamine and citric acid mol ratio are 3:1) is stirred until melamine dissolves completely; Then be cooled to 4 ℃ and staticly settle, separate out white crystal, filtration drying, is the predecessor that melamine is combined with citric acid.Above-mentioned 5g predecessor is put into quartz cell, evenly spread out, put into tube furnace, first logical Ar gas 10 minutes, Ar gas velocity is 50ml/min, then rises to 900 ℃ with 2 ℃/min heating rate, keeps calcining 4 hours; Then under Ar gas condition, be cooled to room temperature, obtain nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material.
1) sign of nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material:
Detect the pattern of the nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material obtaining under above-mentioned condition with NEC ESEM (JEOL-6700F), as shown in Figure 1, result shows that nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material pattern prepared by the present embodiment is fibrous.
Detect the pattern of the nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material obtaining under above-mentioned condition with Japanese transmission electron microscope (JEM-2100F), as shown in Figure 2, result shows that nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material pattern prepared by the present embodiment is fibrous.
Test specific surface area size and the pore-size distribution of the nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material obtaining under above-mentioned condition by the method for BET gas absorption with U.S.'s health tower specific-surface area detection instrument device (Quantachrome AUTOSORBAS-1), respectively as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4.Can be learnt by Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the specific area of nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material prepared by the present embodiment is 184.761 meters squared per gram, and bore dia is 3.818 nanometers.
2) Electrochemical Characterization of nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material:
Nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material, carbon black and Kynoar binding agent prepared by embodiment 1 in mass ratio 8:1:1 mixing is made into slurry, is coated to equably on Copper Foil collector and obtains cathode membrane.Using metal lithium sheet as positive pole; microporous polypropylene membrane (Celgard2400) is as barrier film; 1mol/L LiPF6(solvent is that volume ratio is ethylene carbonate and the dimethyl carbonate mixed liquor of 1:1) as electrolyte, in the glove box of argon shield, be assembled into Swagelok type simulated battery.
The battery of above-mentioned assembling is carried out to constant current charge-discharge test on Arbin BT2000 charge-discharge test instrument, and charge-discharge magnification is 100mA/g, and charging/discharging voltage interval is 0～3.0V, and charging and discharging curve as shown in Figure 5.Composition and the simulated battery test result of the nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material preparing in the present embodiment are listed in table 1.
Preparation and the electrochemical property test thereof of embodiment 2, nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material
The aqueous solution heating (60 ℃) that 1000mL is contained to 0.64g citric acid and 1.29g cyanuric acid (cyanuric acid and citric acid mol ratio are 3:1) is stirred until cyanuric acid dissolves completely; Then be cooled to 4 ℃ and staticly settle, separate out white crystal, filtration drying, is the predecessor that cyanuric acid is combined with citric acid.Above-mentioned 5g predecessor is put into quartz cell, evenly spread out, put into tube furnace, first logical Ar gas 10 minutes, Ar gas velocity 50ml/min, then rise to 800 ℃ with 4 ℃/min heating rate, keep calcining 2 hours; Then under Ar gas condition, be cooled to room temperature, obtain nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material.
The Electrochemical Characterization of nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material: positive pole, negative pole, electrolyte and the battery assembling of simulated battery are identical with embodiment 1, the test result of the present embodiment gained nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material composition and simulated battery is listed in table 1.
Preparation and the electrochemical property test thereof of embodiment 3, nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material
The aqueous solution heating (100 ℃) that 1000mL is contained to 0.90g oxalic acid and 1.26g melamine (melamine and oxalic acid mol ratio are 1:1) is stirred until melamine dissolves completely; Then be cooled to 4 ℃ and staticly settle, separate out white crystal, filtration drying, is the predecessor that cyanuric acid is combined with oxalic acid.Above-mentioned 5g predecessor is put into quartz cell, evenly spread out, put into tube furnace, first logical Ar gas 10 minutes, Ar gas velocity 50ml/min, then rise to 900 ℃ with 4 ℃/min heating rate, keep calcining 2 hours; Then under Ar gas condition, be cooled to room temperature, obtain nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material.
The Electrochemical Characterization of nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material: positive pole, negative pole, electrolyte and the battery assembling of simulated battery are identical with embodiment 1, the test result of gained nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material composition and simulated battery is listed in table 1.
Preparation and the electrochemical property test thereof of embodiment 4, nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material
The aqueous solution heating (70 ℃) that 1000mL is contained to 0.60g ethylenediamine and 1.29g cyanuric acid (mol ratio of cyanuric acid and ethylenediamine is 1:1) is stirred until cyanuric acid dissolves completely; Then be cooled to 4 ℃ and staticly settle, separate out white crystal, filtration drying, is the predecessor that cyanuric acid is combined with ethylenediamine.Above-mentioned 5g predecessor is put into quartz cell, evenly spread out, put into tube furnace, first logical Ar gas 10 minutes, Ar gas velocity 50ml/min, then rise to 800 ℃ with 4 ℃/min heating rate, keep calcining 2 hours; Then under Ar gas condition, be cooled to room temperature, obtain nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material.
The Electrochemical Characterization of nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material: positive pole, negative pole, electrolyte and the battery assembling of simulated battery are identical with embodiment 1, the test result of gained nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material composition and simulated battery is listed in table 1.
The composition of table 1 nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material and under 100mA/g condition the test result of constant current charge-discharge
| Embodiment | Nitrogenous source | Carbon source | Specific discharge capacity (mA h/g) | Coulomb efficiency (%) |
| 1 | Melamine | Citric acid | Circulate 50 times more than 470mA h/g | Arrive 99.2% |
| 2 | Cyanuric acid | Citric acid | Circulate 50 times more than 450mA h/g | Arrive 99.5% |
| 3 | Melamine | Oxalic acid | Circulate 50 times more than 440mA h/g | Arrive 99.4% |
| 4 | Cyanuric acid | Ethylenediamine | Circulate 50 times more than 460mA h/g | Arrive 99.3% |
Can be learnt by the data in table 1, nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material discharging capacity prepared by the present invention can reach 440mA h/g, and coulomb efficiency can reach more than 99.2%, the largely low problem of carbon back negative material discharge capacity.
Claims (10)
1. a preparation method for nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material, comprises the steps:
(1) nitrogenous source and carbon source are dissolved in the water; Then obtain through staticly settling and filtering the predecessor that described nitrogenous source is combined with described carbon source;
Described nitrogenous source is melamine and/or cyanuric acid;
Described carbon source is organic acid and/or organic amine;
(2) described predecessor is placed in to tube furnace and calcines, obtain described nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described organic acid is selected from least one in following substances: citric acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, malonic acid and acetic acid;
Described organic amine is selected from least one in following substances: ethylenediamine and propane diamine.
3. preparation method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in step (1), the mol ratio of described nitrogenous source and described carbon source is 1～3:1～3.
4. according to the preparation method described in any one in claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: in step (1), it is in the water of 50～100 ℃ that described nitrogenous source and described carbon source are dissolved in to temperature.
5. according to the preparation method described in any one in claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: in step (1), described in the temperature that staticly settles be 0～15 ℃.
6. according to the preparation method described in any one in claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: in step (2), described calcining step carries out under inert atmosphere.
7. according to the preparation method described in any one in claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: in step (2), the temperature of described calcining is 300～1000 ℃, and the time is 0.5～4 hour.
8. according to the preparation method described in any one in claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: in step (2), described tube furnace is risen to the temperature of described calcining with the heating rate of 2～10 ℃/min.
9. the nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material that in claim 1-8, described in any one prepared by method.
10. the application in following any aspect of nitrogen doping porous carbon fiber material described in claim 9:
1) prepare lithium ion battery negative material;
2) prepare fuel cell negative material;
3) water treatment.
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| CN104229789A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2014-12-24 | 上海交通大学 | Preparation method of nitrogen-doped graphene |
| CN104689857A (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2015-06-10 | 中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所 | Preparing method for nitrogen-doped porous carbon material, catalyst comprising material and application of material |
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| CN105552372A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-05-04 | 太原理工大学 | N-doped carbon micro-fibre material, and preparation method and application thereof |
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| KR20200059135A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-05-28 | 전남대학교산학협력단 | Three-dimensional shaped hard carbon based anodic active material, method for producing the same, and negative electrode including the same |
| CN110048107A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-07-23 | 陕西科技大学 | A kind of preparation method of self-supporting N doping hard carbon cathode material |
| CN111864203B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2022-01-04 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | High-capacitance lithium-carbon negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111864203A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2020-10-30 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | High-capacitance lithium-carbon negative electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112736261A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-04-30 | 天津大学 | Porous carbon network supported platinum nanoparticle composite catalyst and preparation method thereof |
| CN113457645A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-01 | 江苏厚生新能源科技有限公司 | High-adsorptivity water treatment diaphragm coated with nitrogen-doped porous carbon and preparation process thereof |
| CN113457645B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-05-09 | 江苏厚生新能源科技有限公司 | High-adsorptivity water treatment diaphragm coated with nitrogen-doped porous carbon and preparation process thereof |
| CN113659136A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-16 | 武汉理工大学 | Organic acid radical inorganic salt pyrolytic carbon electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113659136B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-02-07 | 武汉理工大学 | Organic acid radical inorganic salt pyrolytic carbon electrode material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113603087A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-05 | 四川大学 | Nitrogen-rich biomass-based activated carbon with hierarchical pore microchannel structure and application thereof |
| CN113603078A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-11-05 | 山东能源集团有限公司 | Porous carbon, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114849752A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-08-05 | 湖南工商大学 | Hexagonal boron nitride/flower ring-shaped graphite type carbon nitride heterojunction composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof |
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