CN103792175B - A kind of unsaturation Rock And Soil determines head inverse osmosis method of testing - Google Patents
A kind of unsaturation Rock And Soil determines head inverse osmosis method of testing Download PDFInfo
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- CN103792175B CN103792175B CN201410072865.9A CN201410072865A CN103792175B CN 103792175 B CN103792175 B CN 103792175B CN 201410072865 A CN201410072865 A CN 201410072865A CN 103792175 B CN103792175 B CN 103792175B
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Abstract
A kind of unsaturation Rock And Soil determines head inverse osmosis method of testing, it is characterized in that the method adopts a kind of test unit, this device comprises collection bottle (2), water tank (11), increased pressure frame (14), pressuring shaft (16), first seepage flow pipe (17), second seepage flow pipe (18), seepage flow bucket (20) and pressing lever (41), collection bottle (2) top is provided with bottle stopper (1), and by being connected with water tank (11) communicating pipe (36), water tank (11) connects the first seepage flow pipe (17), second seepage flow pipe (18), seepage flow bucket (20) and displacement meter (35), seepage flow bucket (20) is built with sample (37), top cap (19), permeable stone (21), test paper, lower bottom base (22), increased pressure frame (14) is contacted with top cap (19) by pressuring shaft (16), increased pressure frame (14) is connected with water tank (11) by gim peg (12), increased pressure frame (14) is connected with pressing lever (41) by rotation axis (13), rotation axis (13) is connected with the first suspension hook (38), pressing lever is connected with counterweight (15) by the second suspension hook (39), rotation axis is connected with large counterweight (40), adopt the method to carry out unsaturation Rock And Soil and determine the test of head inverse osmosis, simple and convenient, meet sample inverse osmosis control overflow, stable head pressure can be provided, and carry out effective moisturizing control, can be used for the Percolation Law measuring multiple Rock And Soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is a kind of geotechnical testament method, belongs to building (ground) field of engineering technology.
Background technology
China's geologic hazard frequently occurs, and works the mischief to people life property safety.Landslide is many causes complicated geologic body intensity to reduce because rainfall or underground water table rise, even produce slump stream, which illustrate the harmfulness of the inner seepage flow of geologic body, especially the reverse seepage flow under pressure water top news part, also do not have suitable experimental facilities to measure at present, also do not form unified standardized operation flow process.This application will invent a kind of method of testing exactly, with the measurement of the test or capillary water height and speed that are applicable to multiple Porous Media characteristic.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of unsaturation Rock And Soil and determines head inverse osmosis method of testing, solves inverse osmosis characteristic and the measurement such as capillary water height and speed problem that porous medium comprises gravelly soil, sand, silt or cohesive soil.
Technical solution of the present invention, it is characterized in that the method adopts a kind of test unit, this device comprises collection bottle 2 with a scale, water tank 11, increased pressure frame 14, pressuring shaft 16, first seepage flow pipe 17, second seepage flow pipe 18, seepage flow bucket 20 with a scale and pressing lever 41, collection bottle 2 top is provided with bottle stopper 1, collection bottle 2 is provided with first row gas port 3, second exhaust port 4, 3rd exhausr port 5, first row gas port 3 is provided with the first valve 6, second exhaust port 4 is provided with the second valve 7, 3rd exhausr port 5 is provided with the 3rd valve 8, collection bottle 2 was connected with water tank 11 by communicating pipe 36, communicating pipe 36, two ends were separately installed with the 4th valve 9 and the 5th valve 10, for difference domination set water bottle 2 and water tank 11, first seepage flow pipe 17 of water tank 11 connecting band scale, second seepage flow pipe 18 with a scale, seepage flow bucket 20 and displacement meter 35, seepage flow bucket 20 is built with sample 37, crown cap 19 is installed at sample 37 top, permeable stone 21 is installed bottom sample 37, permeable stone 21 posts test paper above, permeable stone 21 is provided with lower bottom base 22 below, lower bottom base 22 designs for helical structure, seepage flow bucket 20 side is provided with the first sample tap 23, second sample tap 24 and the 3rd sample tap 25, what be respectively used to get different head position soaks sample, carry out water cut test, first sample tap 23 is provided with the 6th valve 26, second sample tap 24 is provided with the 7th valve 27, 3rd sample tap 25 is provided with the 8th valve 28, the symmetrical side of seepage flow bucket 20 is provided with the first monitoring mouth 29, second monitoring mouth 30 and the 3rd monitoring mouth 31, be respectively used to miniature probe is installed, carry out the project testings such as water cut, first monitoring mouth 29 is provided with the 9th valve 32, second monitoring mouth 30 is provided with the tenth valve 33, 3rd monitoring mouth 31 is provided with the 11 valve 34, increased pressure frame 14 is contacted with top cap 19 by pressuring shaft 16, increased pressure frame 14 is connected with water tank 11 by gim peg 12, increased pressure frame 14 is connected with pressing lever 41 by rotation axis 13, rotation axis 13 is connected with the first suspension hook 38, pressing lever is connected with counterweight 15 by the second suspension hook 39, rotation axis is connected with large counterweight 40.
(1) adopt this device carry out unsaturation Rock And Soil determine head inverse osmosis test method as follows:
1. lower bottom base 22 is installed on bottom seepage flow bucket 20, lower bottom base 22 installs permeable stone 21 above, permeable stone 21 installs test paper above, installs sample 37, open the 9th valve 32 above test paper, tenth valve the 33 and the 11 valve 34, in sample 37 inside, miniature water cut probe is installed by the first monitoring mouth 29, second monitoring mouth 30 and the 3rd monitoring mouth 31 respectively, closes the 9th valve 32, tenth valve the 33 and the 11 valve 34, for monitoring sample 37 different layers position change of moisture content situation;
2. the first valve 6, second valve the 7, three valve 8 is closed, 4th valve 9,5th valve 10, determines head height according to testing requirements, the discrepancy in elevation between adjustment collection bottle 2 and water tank 11, and keep the 3rd exhausr port 5 all the time higher than the upper surface of water tank 11, open bottle stopper 1, inject pure water to collection bottle 2, make to stop water filling during water surface distance collection bottle 2 end face 3-5cm in collection bottle 2, reserved a part of space, jam-pack bottle stopper 1;
3. open the first valve 6 according to testing requirements and be exhausted draining, after first row gas port 3 not there are flowing out, close the first valve 6, the scale value of record first row gas port 3 and collection bottle 2 and water tank 11 upper surface high difference, what sum of the two was seepage tests determines head height value;
4. the 4th valve 9 is opened, open the 5th valve 10 again, water enters water tank 11, first seepage flow pipe 17 and second seepage flow pipe 18 water surface start to rise, water is by the lower bottom base 22 of helical structure, after entering permeable stone 21 and test paper, rise along sample 37, when entering the first seepage flow pipe 17 and the second seepage flow pipe 18 from water, starting timing, rises along sample 37 and stops the rear time used in record seepage flow sharp side, record sample 37 internal drowning level scale value, the ratio of this scale value and time used, is the infiltration rate that this determines sample 37 under head pressure;
5. open the 6th valve the 26, seven valve 27 and the 8th valve 28, soil sampling carries out moisture determination respectively, and is analyzed with the sample 37 inside micro water cut Monitoring Data obtained of popping one's head in.
(2) adopting this device to carry out unsaturation Rock And Soil under loading environment, to determine the method for head inverse osmosis test as follows:
1. lower bottom base 22 is installed on bottom seepage flow bucket 20, lower bottom base 22 installs permeable stone 21 above, permeable stone 21 installs test paper above, installs sample 37, open the 9th valve 32 above test paper, tenth valve the 33 and the 11 valve 34, in sample 37 inside, miniature water cut probe is installed by the first monitoring mouth 29, second monitoring mouth 30 and the 3rd monitoring mouth 31 respectively, closes the 9th valve 32, tenth valve the 33 and the 11 valve 34, for monitoring sample 37 different layers position change of moisture content situation;
2. top cap 19 installed above by sample 37, and top cap 19 contacts with pressuring shaft 16, and require to install counterweight 15 according to sample, for sample 37 applies vertical consolidation pressure, after displacement meter 35 displayed value reaches testing requirements, consolidation is complete;
3. the first valve 6, second valve the 7, three valve 8 is closed, 4th valve 9,5th valve 10, determines head height according to testing requirements, the discrepancy in elevation between adjustment collection bottle 2 and water tank 11, and keep the 3rd exhausr port 5 all the time higher than the upper surface of water tank 11, open bottle stopper 1, inject pure water to collection bottle 2, make to stop water filling during water surface distance collection bottle 2 end face 3-5cm in collection bottle 2, reserved a part of space, jam-pack bottle stopper 1;
4. open the first valve 6 according to testing requirements and be exhausted draining, after first row gas port 3 not there are flowing out, close the first valve 6, the scale value of record first row gas port 3 and collection bottle 2 and water tank 11 upper surface high difference, what sum of the two was seepage tests determines head height value;
5. the 4th valve 9 is opened, open the 5th valve 10 again, water enters water tank 11, first seepage flow pipe 17 and second seepage flow pipe 18 water surface start to rise, water is by the lower bottom base 22 of helical structure, after entering permeable stone 21 and test paper, rise along sample 37, when entering the first seepage flow pipe 17 and the second seepage flow pipe 18 from water, starting timing, rises along sample 37 and stops the rear time used in record seepage flow sharp side, record sample 37 internal drowning level scale value, the ratio of this scale value and time used, the infiltration rate of sample 37 under being certain loading environment and determining head pressure;
6. open the 6th valve the 26, seven valve 27 and the 8th valve 28, soil sampling carries out moisture determination respectively, and is analyzed with the sample 37 inside micro water cut Monitoring Data obtained of popping one's head in.
Advantage of the present invention:
Instrument manufacturing is simple, measuring accuracy is high, easy to use, meet sample inverse osmosis control overflow, stable head pressure can be provided, and carry out effective moisturizing control, directly can measure Percolation Law and the parameter such as capillary water height and speed that various porous medium comprises gravelly soil, sand, silt, clay etc.
The scope of application of the present invention:
The various porous medium Penetration Signatures that can be used for running in civil engineering work or Geological Engineering are measured and capillary water height and the isoparametric indoor of speed or on-the-spot test.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that a kind of unsaturation Rock And Soil determines head inverse osmosis method of testing test unit used.Wherein there is bottle stopper 1, collection bottle 2, first row gas port 3, second exhaust port 4, 3rd exhausr port 5, first valve 6, second valve 7, 3rd valve 8, 4th valve 9, 5th valve 10, water tank 11, gim peg 12, rotation axis 13, increased pressure frame 14, counterweight 15, pressuring shaft 16, first seepage flow pipe 17, second seepage flow pipe 18, top cap 19, seepage flow bucket 20, permeable stone 21, lower bottom base 22, first sample tap 23, second sample tap 24, 3rd sample tap 25, 6th valve 26, 7th valve 27, 8th valve 28, first monitoring mouth 29, second monitoring mouth 30, 3rd monitoring mouth 31, 9th valve 32, tenth valve 33, 11 valve 34, communicating pipe 36, sample 37, first suspension hook 38, second suspension hook 39, large counterweight 40, pressing lever 41.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation A-A side view that a kind of unsaturation Rock And Soil determines head inverse osmosis method of testing test unit used.Wherein there is water tank 11, gim peg 12, rotation axis 13, increased pressure frame 14, counterweight 15, pressuring shaft 16, displacement meter 35.
Fig. 3 is the spirality drainage channel structure schematic diagram that a kind of unsaturation Rock And Soil determines lower bottom base 22 in head inverse osmosis method of testing test unit used.Wherein there is lower bottom base 22.
Embodiment:
Embodiment: (1) adopt this device carry out unsaturation Rock And Soil determine head inverse osmosis test:
1. lower bottom base 22 is installed on bottom seepage flow bucket 20, lower bottom base 22 installs permeable stone 21 above, permeable stone 21 installs test paper above, sample 37 is installed above test paper, opens the 9th valve the 32, ten valve the 33 and the 11 valve 34, by the first monitoring mouth 29, second monitoring mouth 30 and the 3rd monitoring mouth 31 install miniature water cut probe respectively in sample 37 inside, close the 9th valve the 32, ten valve the 33 and the 11 valve 34;
2. the first valve 6 is closed, second valve 7,3rd valve 8,4th valve the 9, five valve 10, the discrepancy in elevation between the first row gas port 3 of adjustment collection bottle 2 and water tank 11 upper surface is 100cm, open bottle stopper 1, inject pure water to collection bottle 2, make to stop water filling, jam-pack bottle stopper 1 during water surface distance collection bottle 2 end face 5cm in collection bottle 2;
3. open the first valve 6 and be exhausted draining, after first row gas port 3 not there are flowing out, close the first valve 6, the head height value of determining of record seepage tests is 100cm;
4. the 4th valve 9 is opened, open the 5th valve 10 again, water enters water tank 11, first seepage flow pipe 17 and second seepage flow pipe 18 water surface start to rise, water is by the lower bottom base 22 of helical structure, after entering permeable stone 21 and test paper, rise along sample 37, when entering the first seepage flow pipe 17 and the second seepage flow pipe 18 from water, start timing, rise along sample 37 and stop rear time T used in record seepage flow sharp side, record sample 37 internal drowning level scale value H, namely the average release rate determined under head 100cm water column pressure is H/T, and can obtain soak level scale changing value h with test used time t change curve rule,
5. open the 6th valve the 26, seven valve 27 and the 8th valve 28, soil sampling carries out moisture determination respectively, and is analyzed with the sample 37 inside micro water cut Monitoring Data obtained of popping one's head in.
(2) under adopting this device to carry out loading environment, unsaturation Rock And Soil determines the test of head inverse osmosis:
1. lower bottom base 22 is installed on bottom seepage flow bucket 20, lower bottom base 22 installs permeable stone 21 above, permeable stone 21 installs test paper above, sample 37 is installed above test paper, open the 9th valve 32, tenth valve the 33 and the 11 valve 34, by the first monitoring mouth 29, second monitoring mouth 30 and the 3rd monitoring mouth 31 install miniature water cut probe respectively in sample 37 inside, close the 9th valve 32, tenth valve the 33 and the 11 valve 34, top cap 19 installed above by sample 37, top cap 19 contacts with pressuring shaft 16, counterweight 15 is installed, 100kPa is reached for sample 37 applies vertical consolidation pressure, when the change of displacement meter 35 displayed value is less than 0.01mm/min, consolidation is complete,
2. the first valve 6 is closed, second valve 7,3rd valve 8,4th valve the 9, five valve 10, the discrepancy in elevation between the first row gas port 3 of adjustment collection bottle 2 and water tank 11 upper surface is 100cm, open bottle stopper 1, inject pure water to collection bottle 2, make to stop water filling, jam-pack bottle stopper 1 during water surface distance collection bottle 2 end face 5cm in collection bottle 2;
3. open the first valve 6 and be exhausted draining, after first row gas port 3 not there are flowing out, close the first valve 6, the head height value of determining of record seepage tests is 100cm;
4. the 4th valve 9 is opened, open the 5th valve 10 again, water enters water tank 11, first seepage flow pipe 17 and second seepage flow pipe 18 water surface start to rise, water is by the lower bottom base 22 of helical structure, after entering permeable stone 21 and test paper, rise along sample 37, when entering the first seepage flow pipe 17 and the second seepage flow pipe 18 from water, start timing, rise along sample 37 and stop rear time T used in record seepage flow sharp side, record sample 37 internal drowning level scale value H, namely under determining head 100cm water column pressure and 100kPa vertical load consolidation condition, the average release rate of this sample is H/T, and can obtain soak level scale changing value h with test used time t change curve rule,
5. open the 6th valve the 26, seven valve 27 and the 8th valve 28, soil sampling carries out moisture determination respectively, and is analyzed with the sample 37 inside micro water cut Monitoring Data obtained of popping one's head in.
Claims (1)
1. a unsaturation Rock And Soil determines head inverse osmosis method of testing, it is characterized in that the method adopts a kind of test unit, this device comprises collection bottle (2), water tank (11), increased pressure frame (14), pressuring shaft (16), first seepage flow pipe (17), second seepage flow pipe (18), seepage flow bucket (20) and pressing lever (41), collection bottle (2) top is provided with bottle stopper (1), collection bottle (2) is provided with first row gas port (3), second exhaust port (4), 3rd exhausr port (5), first row gas port (3) is provided with the first valve (6), second exhaust port (4) is provided with the second valve (7), 3rd exhausr port (5) is provided with the 3rd valve (8), collection bottle (2) was connected with water tank (11) by communicating pipe (36), communicating pipe (36) two ends are separately installed with the 4th valve (9) and the 5th valve (10), water tank (11) connects the first seepage flow pipe (17), second seepage flow pipe (18), seepage flow bucket (20) and displacement meter (35), seepage flow bucket (20) is built with sample (37), crown cap (19) is installed at sample (37) top, sample (37) bottom is provided with permeable stone (21), permeable stone (21) posts test paper above, permeable stone (21) is provided with lower bottom base (22) below, lower bottom base (22) designs for helical structure, seepage flow bucket (20) side is provided with the first sample tap (23), second sample tap (24) and the 3rd sample tap (25), first sample tap (23) is provided with the 6th valve (26), second sample tap (24) is provided with the 7th valve (27), 3rd sample tap (25) is provided with the 8th valve (28), seepage flow bucket (20) symmetrical side is provided with the first monitoring mouth (29), second monitoring mouth (30) and the 3rd monitoring mouth (31), first monitoring mouth (29) is provided with the 9th valve (32), second monitoring mouth (30) is provided with the tenth valve (33), 3rd monitoring mouth (31) is provided with the 11 valve (34), increased pressure frame (14) is contacted with top cap (19) by pressuring shaft (16), increased pressure frame (14) is connected with water tank (11) by gim peg (12), increased pressure frame (14) is connected with pressing lever (41) by rotation axis (13), rotation axis (13) is connected with the first suspension hook (38), pressing lever is connected with counterweight (15) by the second suspension hook (39), rotation axis is connected with large counterweight (40),
Adopting this device to carry out unsaturation Rock And Soil, to determine head inverse osmosis method of testing as follows:
(1) lower bottom base (22) is installed on seepage flow bucket (20) bottom, lower bottom base (22) installs permeable stone (21) above, permeable stone (21) installs test paper above, sample (37) is installed above test paper, open the 9th valve (32), tenth valve (33) and the 11 valve (34), by the first monitoring mouth (29), miniature water cut probe is installed in second monitoring mouth (30) and the 3rd monitoring mouth (31) respectively in sample (37) inside, close the 9th valve (32), tenth valve (33) and the 11 valve (34), for monitoring sample (37) different layers position change of moisture content situation,
(2) the first valve (6) is closed, second valve (7), 3rd valve (8), 4th valve (9), 5th valve (10), head height is determined according to testing requirements, the discrepancy in elevation between adjustment collection bottle (2) and water tank (11), and keep the 3rd exhausr port (5) all the time higher than the upper surface of water tank (11), open bottle stopper (1), inject pure water to collection bottle (2), make to stop water filling, jam-pack bottle stopper (1) during collection bottle (2) interior water surface distance collection bottle (2) end face 3-5cm;
(3) open the first valve (6) according to testing requirements and be exhausted draining, after first row gas port (3) not there are flowing out, close the first valve (6), the scale value of record first row gas port (3) and collection bottle (2) and water tank (11) upper surface high difference, what sum of the two was seepage tests determines head height value;
(4) the 4th valve (9) is opened, open the 5th valve (10) again, water enters water tank (11), first seepage flow pipe (17) and second seepage flow pipe (18) water surface start to rise, water is by the lower bottom base (22) of helical structure, after entering permeable stone (21) and test paper, rise along sample (37), when entering the first seepage flow pipe (17) with second seepage flow pipe (18) from water, start timing, rise along sample (37) and stop the rear time used in record seepage flow sharp side, record sample (37) internal drowning level scale value, the ratio of this scale value and time used, be the infiltration rate that this determines sample (37) under head pressure,
(5) the 6th valve (26) is opened, 7th valve (27) and the 8th valve (28), soil sampling carries out moisture determination respectively, and is analyzed with sample (37) the inside micro water cut Monitoring Data obtained of popping one's head in.
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| CN105094621A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-25 | 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 | Application starting method and terminal device |
| CN105865982B (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2019-01-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Infiltration speed tester for infiltration absorbing agent |
| CN106404607A (en) * | 2016-06-02 | 2017-02-15 | 浙江大学 | Soil column testing apparatus for simulating solute transport in consolidated soil |
| CN106483993B (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2024-03-08 | 南京泰克奥科技有限公司 | Full-automatic unsaturated soil consolidation apparatus |
| CN107192651A (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2017-09-22 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of tailing dam silting phenomena simulation device |
| CN108760564B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2024-04-19 | 河海大学 | Experimental device for be arranged in testing unsaturated sand gas persistence |
| CN109356576B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2022-05-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Object model experiment device for measuring plane radial flow displacement pressure gradient |
| CN111239020A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-06-05 | 山东大学 | Soil permeability coefficient measuring device and method capable of considering rainfall and vegetation influence |
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| JP3923954B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2007-06-06 | 飛島建設株式会社 | Consolidation permeability test apparatus and test method |
| CN101865811B (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2011-08-03 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Method for measuring three-dimensional stress loaded soil permeability parameter |
| CN101692035A (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-04-07 | 东南大学 | Capillary soil water climbing height measuring device |
| CN102435541A (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2012-05-02 | 东南大学 | Time domain reflection technology-based moisture transport measuring device |
| CN102608013A (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2012-07-25 | 河海大学 | Method for measuring porosity in piping development process |
| CN103207136B (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2015-09-30 | 河海大学 | Waterpower-electric power apparatus for measuring permeability coefficient and measuring method |
| CN203287297U (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-11-13 | 浙江大学 | Test device for soil-water characteristic curve and permeability coefficient of unsaturated coarse grained soil |
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