CN103790249B - 吸音砖 - Google Patents
吸音砖 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103790249B CN103790249B CN201410070093.5A CN201410070093A CN103790249B CN 103790249 B CN103790249 B CN 103790249B CN 201410070093 A CN201410070093 A CN 201410070093A CN 103790249 B CN103790249 B CN 103790249B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- formaldehyde
- acoustical tile
- weight
- biocides
- plate core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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Classifications
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- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
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- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
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- D21H19/82—Paper comprising more than one coating superposed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- D21H5/00—Special paper or cardboard not otherwise provided for
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- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B2001/7691—Heat reflecting layers or coatings
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- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种包括板芯和表面处理层的吸音砖。所述表面处理层包括不含甲醛的胶乳粘结剂,所述粘结剂包括至少一种不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。本发明还涉及一种制造吸音砖的方法。
Description
本申请是发明名称为“吸音砖”、国际申请日为2007年5月30日、2008年11月28日进入中国国家阶段的申请号为200780019826.0的发明专利申请的分案申请。
本申请要求享有美国临时专利申请60/809757和11/747141的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种吸音砖。
背景技术
吸音砖是在诸如房间、走廊或会议厅等室内空间通过吸音或减少声音传播来增强音质的专用设计体系。尽管吸音砖种类繁多,常规类型的吸音砖通常由矿棉纤维、填料、颜料和粘结剂组成,例如美国专利No.1,769,519中公开的。这些材料与多种其他材料一起,可用于提供具有理想声学性能和诸如色彩和外观等其他性能的吸音砖。
然而,如上所述,尽管已有多种商业化的可使用的吸音砖产品,但在现今市场上通常没有由矿棉纤维组成的不含甲醛的吸音天花板产品。许多归类为低挥发性有机化学品(VOC)排放物的产品都可使用,但由于这些砖中所用的组分中存在多种排放甲醛的组分,所有这些产品都排放出可检测出程度的甲醛。本发明人发现某些应用在表面处理层和背面涂层的聚合物粘结剂自身就包含、释放、排放或产生甲醛。此外,表面处理层和背面涂层中包括的诸如湿态防腐剂或生物灭杀剂等的添加剂也会释放、排放或产生可检测出和可定量程度的甲醛。所以,即使甲醛不是吸音砖中使用的聚合物粘结剂或生物灭杀剂的组份,吸音砖仍可能因多种原因释放、排放或产生甲醛,包括例如聚合物粘结剂和/或生物灭杀剂的降解。尽管制造工艺中的热暴露过程中产生的甲醛排放物可排放到烟囱中或被热氧化剂所消耗,得到的产品仍会含有在安装时会排放的残留的甲醛。甲醛排放的降低或此类排放的消除,可在那些安装了吸音砖的诸如学校、医疗保健机构或办公楼等场所提供改善的室内空气质量。
本发明提供了一种吸音砖和一种制造吸音砖的方法。通过对本发明的具体描述,对本领域的技术人员来说本发明的上述和其他优点将变得显而易见。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种包括板芯和表面处理层的吸音砖。进一步地,本发明提供一种包括板芯和表面处理层的不含甲醛的吸音砖。所述表面处理层包括不含甲醛的胶乳粘结剂且包含至少一种不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。
此外,本发明提供一种吸音砖,更进一步为一种不含甲醛的吸音砖,各自包括板芯和表面处理层,其中所述表面处理层在干燥之前,包括:约30~约50重量%的水;约40~约60重量%的填料;约2~约15重量%的TiO2;约2~约20重量%的不含甲醛的胶乳;约0.25~约1.00重量%的分散剂;约0.01~约1.00重量%的增稠剂;约0.10~约1.00重量%的表面活性剂;约0.05~约0.50重量%的消泡剂;和约0.01~约1.50重量%的不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。
此外,本发明提供一种吸音砖的制造方法,进一步为不含甲醛的吸音砖的制造方法。所述方法包括制备吸音砖板芯和对所述板芯涂敷表面处理层,其中所述表面处理层包括不含甲醛的胶乳粘结剂且包括至少一种不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。
进一步地,本发明提供了一种表面处理层。本发明还提供了一种经过不添加甲醛或会释放、排放或产生可定量甲醛的组分的表面处理进行处理的吸音砖。更进一步地,本发明提供了一种经过不添加甲醛或会释放、排放或产生可定量甲醛的组分的表面处理进行处理的不含甲醛的吸音砖。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明一个方面的不含甲醛的吸音砖示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明包括一种吸音砖。根据另一方面,本发明还包括一种不含甲醛的吸音砖。
此处所使用的术语“不含甲醛的吸音砖”是指所制造的砖释放或排放甲醛的程度低于可定量的限度,即可定量下限(较低LOQ),该可定量下限由2004年7月15日的采用小型环境试验舱检测多种排放源的挥发性有机排放物的标准规程(the Standard Practice For The Testing Of Volatile OrganicEmissions From Various Sources Using Small-Scale Environmental Champers)(以下简称为标准规程)的测试方案所建立,该标准规程合并了许多包括ASTM D5116-97在内的美国材料试验协会(ASTM)的标准。上述标准规程第3.9.7.1款限定了“可定量下限”为所产生的响应高于仪器的噪声水平线10倍的或者是下限标准重复分析的标准偏差的10倍的被分析物质量。术语“不含甲醛的”表示甲醛的释放或排放量约低于可定量下限。在一个优选实施方式中,本发明提供的不含甲醛的吸音砖的甲醛释放或排放量通常低于约2μg/m3。在一个更优选的实施方式中,本发明提供的不含甲醛的吸音砖的甲醛的释放或排放量通常低于约1μg/m3。尽管根据本发明制造的吸音砖,都是此处限定的不含甲醛的,所述吸音砖更适宜的存储场所和方式应避免暴露于可被不含甲醛的吸音砖吸收的VOC污染物(尤其是甲醛)中。
根据本发明优选实施方式的不含甲醛的吸音砖,其可取原因有许多,尤其是由于VOC排放物,特别是甲醛带来的不利于健康和环境的后果。例如,甲醛已被世界卫生组织的分支国际癌症研究机构归类为人类致癌物质。越来越多的法律和法规条文要求降低甲醛的排放标准。例如,高能效学校协作联盟中,加利福尼亚特殊环境要求,规范第01350款,包括了选用的VOC的排放测试程序和最大允许浓度,这是第一个健康类建筑材料规范。基于按照ASTM D 5116-97的标准方法的小试验舱测试,为了将建筑材料对室内空气质量和居住者健康的不利影响最小化的目的,CHPS 01350款的子条款集中关注建筑材料的选择和处理。2004年CHPS被上述标准规程所采纳。
上述标准规程还规范了样品接收、处理和制备的流程。如标准规程中规范的,每个测试样品应在23±2℃和50±10%的相对湿度中预处理10天±5小时,随后进行96小时的测试。在上述预处理过程完成后,基于根据所述标准规程的小试验舱测试,该测试方法需要试验舱测试开始后的24、48和96小时采集试验舱空气样品。要求进行仪器校准和鉴定,并对各个化合物进行定量。
根据本发明一个方面的不含甲醛的吸音砖,如图1中示意性说明,包括吸音砖板芯10,表面处理层20,和可选的衬背30。美国专利No.1,769,519描述了制造吸音砖的示例性流程。在一个方面,板芯10包括矿棉纤维和淀粉,其中所述矿棉纤维可包括各种纤维,例如矿渣棉、岩棉和/或玄武岩矿棉。在本发明的另一方面,上述不含甲醛的吸音砖中的淀粉组分可以是如美国专利No.1,769,519、3,246,063和3,307,651中公开的用作矿棉纤维的粘结剂的淀粉凝胶。在本发明的又一个方面,所述吸音砖板芯10包括玻璃纤维。
本发明的吸音砖可采用多种技术来制造。在一个实施方式中,板芯10通过如美国专利No.4,911,788和6,919,132说明的湿式-或水-粘结工艺制备。此处所述表面处理层20和衬背30,也可用于通过湿式-粘结工艺方法制备的吸音砖。本技术领域的技术人员应了解怎样改性所述表面处理层20和衬背30以用于湿式-粘结的板芯10。在优选实施方式中,所述板芯10的制备是通过将淀粉和各种添加剂在水中结合和混合来提供浆料。将所述浆料加热来蒸煮淀粉并制得淀粉凝胶,所得淀粉凝胶再与矿棉纤维混合。这种凝胶、添加剂和矿棉纤维的结合物(称作“浆状物”)在连续过程中定量供给到槽中。浆状物定量供给到的槽的底部可选择性地包含衬背30(例如,漂白的纸、未漂白的纸,或牛皮纸衬背的铝箔,此处称为牛皮纸/铝箔),衬背30用于协助于材料从槽中取出,同时也会保留成为最终产品的一部分。所述浆状物的表面可形成图形,随后可将含有浆状物的槽干燥,例如,将它们通过对流隧道式干燥机。然后,可将干燥的产品或板坯投入到完工线,在那里可将其切成一定尺寸来提供所述吸音砖板芯10。然后,经过表面处理组合物的涂敷、干燥后来提供本发明所述的表面处理层20,板芯10就可转变成本发明所述不含甲醛的吸音砖。优选所述表面处理组合物在板芯形成并干燥后涂敷于所述板芯10上。
如上所述,所述不含甲醛的吸音砖的板芯10还可包括各种其他添加剂和试剂。例如,板芯10可包括硫酸钙材料(例如,灰泥、石膏和/或硬石膏)、硼酸和六偏磷酸钠(SHMP)。在制造吸音砖时可用高岭土和瓜尔胶来替代灰泥和硼酸。在又一个实施方式中,板芯10可包括作为防腐剂的如此处所述的一种或多种不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。
如前文所作讨论,根据本发明的吸音砖可选地包括衬背30。许多材料可用作衬背30,包括漂白的纸、未漂白的纸和牛皮纸/铝箔,等。耐火背面涂层可任意与漂白或未漂白的纸衬背结合使用来增强产品的表面燃烧特性。所述耐火背面涂层可包括多种组分,诸如,例如水、阻燃剂和生物灭杀剂等。衬背30还可用于改善抗流挂性和/或声音控制。此外,填充涂层或多层填充涂层也可涂敷于衬背30。所述填充涂层可包括多种组分,诸如,例如水、填料、粘结剂和各种其他诸如消泡剂、生物灭杀剂和分散剂等添加剂。
所述表面处理层20包括由天然的或合成的聚合物制得的不含甲醛的胶乳,和一种或多种不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。提供所述表面处理层20以膜强度的所述不含甲醛的胶乳包括非甲醛排放源的生物灭杀剂。如此处所用术语“不含甲醛的胶乳”是指不使用甲醛,或不使用会产生或排放甲醛的材料,或不使用两者制得的胶乳。与本发明一致,只有不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂包括在所述不含甲醛的胶乳中,所以所述不含甲醛的胶乳既不作为干燥的副产物来排放或产生甲醛,也不作为此处包括的所述生物灭杀剂的结果来排放或产生甲醛。用于制备不含甲醛的胶乳的适宜材料包括,举例为:热塑性合成丙烯酸类聚合物,可采用EI 8764(罗门哈斯);乙烯类与丙烯酸类的共聚物,可采用HP 31-316NF;乙烯、氯乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯的三聚物;聚醋酸乙烯酯的均聚物,可采用PD 0062(H.B.Fuller);醋酸乙烯酯和丙烯酸类的共聚物,可采用3103(罗门哈斯);苯乙烯和丙烯酸类的共聚物,可采用DL218NA(陶氏化学)和296D(BASF);环氧聚合物乳剂,可采用3510-W60(Celanese);聚氨酯;和聚乙烯醇,可采用(AirProducts);或它们的组合。其他用于制造不含甲醛的胶乳的适宜材料包括诸如纤维素醚等的水溶性聚合物。适宜的纤维素醚包括:甲基纤维素,可采用MethocelTM A(陶氏化学)和(Hercules有限公司);甲基羟乙基纤维素,可采用MH300(Shin Etsu);甲基羟丙基纤维素,可采用MethocelTM228(陶氏化学);羟丙基纤维素,可采用(Hercules有限公司);羧甲基纤维素钠,可采用C(Shin Etsu),CMC 7H(Hercules有限公司),和CellosizeTM CMC P-75-M(陶氏化学);和羟乙基纤维素,可采用250HBR(Hercules有限公司),CellosizeTM WP-09(陶氏化学)。其他适用的水溶性天然聚合物包括预凝胶化的淀粉,可采用CalbondTM(MGP Ingredients有限公司),和大豆蛋白质来源的聚合物,可采用550和4200(杜邦大豆聚合物)。本领域技术人员应理解,上述不含甲醛的胶乳可包括一种或多种不含甲醛的胶乳。进一步地,与本发明一致并在致力于进一步减少本发明的吸音砖的甲醛排放,所制得的或提供的所述不含甲醛的胶乳不包括排放或产生甲醛的生物灭杀剂。
上述表面处理组合物和衬背30都可通过采用多种已知的和本领域技术人员可用的技术来涂敷,包括,例如无空气喷涂***、空气辅助喷涂***,等等。所述表面处理组合物和衬背30还可通过流涂、溢涂(flood coating)或用辊涂机来涂敷。将所得产品干燥去除任何用作表面处理组合物或其任意组分的载体的水和/或溶剂,并将聚合物粘结剂转变成结构刚性网状物用以提供表面处理层20。
与本发明一致并致力于将本发明吸音砖的甲醛排放进一步降低,上述表面处理层包括,作为防腐剂的一种或多种不排放或产生甲醛的生物灭杀剂。优选地,不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂在胶乳涂敷到板芯前作为表面处理层的组分加入到胶乳中。例如,不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂可在胶乳制造过程中或甚至在胶乳制造过程之后加入到胶乳中。与用作上述表面处理层的组分相比,所述不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂可优先用作运输和/或储存过程中胶乳的防腐剂。上述不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂可用作本发明的吸音砖的防腐剂。
生物灭杀剂用于消除或抑制多种存活的有机体,包括霉菌(mold)/霉(mildew)、真菌、酵母菌、藻类和细菌。因而,例如,生物灭杀剂可包括抗微生物剂、抗真菌剂、抗细菌剂,等等。适宜的不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂包括异噻唑啉-3-酮,具有以下核心结构:
优选的异噻唑啉-3-酮包括,例如:1,2-苯基异噻唑啉-3-酮,可采用GXL或CRL(ARCH Chemicals)、200(Nalco)、CanguardTM BIT(陶氏化学)和RocimaTM BT 1S(罗门哈斯)。其他的异噻唑啉-3-酮包括1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮和2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮的混合物,可采用MBS(Acti-Chem)。补充的异噻唑啉-3-酮包括5-氯代-2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮和它们的混合物。5-氯代-2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮和2-甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮的混合物可采用KathonTM LX(罗门哈斯)、K14(Troy Chemical)和251(Drew Chemical)。
另一种适宜的不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂包括1-羟基-2(1H)-吡啶硫酮化锌(zinc 1-hydroxy-2(1H)-pyridinethione),可采用Zinc(ARCHChemicals),在干态和湿态都非常有效。1-羟基-2(1H)-吡啶硫酮化锌还可与氧化锌一起使用,可采用Zinc的乳剂。其他适宜的不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂包括2-n-辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮,可采用KathonTM 893和M-8(罗门哈斯),和2-(4-噻唑基)-苯并咪唑,可采用TK-100(LanXess)。
所述生物灭杀剂可单独使用,或联合使用,只要是不管是单独使用的生物灭杀剂还是所使用的生物灭杀剂的组合都不排放也不产生甲醛即可。类似地,只要所述生物灭杀剂不排放或产生甲醛,包括在上述胶乳中的、上述表面处理层中的、以及在胶乳中和表面处理层中联用的生物灭杀剂的含量都没有限制。应认识到,如果胶乳在制造时不含生物灭杀剂,在胶乳涂敷到板芯之前或在其用到表面处理中之前,可添加一种或几种生物灭杀剂到胶乳粘结剂中。重要的是任意此类生物灭杀剂或生物灭杀剂的组合都选自那些在胶乳使用时或干燥后都不释放、排放或产生甲醛的生物灭杀剂或生物灭杀剂组合。
所述表面处理层20通常包括除不含甲醛的胶乳粘结剂和不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂之外的组分。例如,在表面处理组合物干燥形成所述表面处理层20之前,表面处理组合物可分散于诸如水的各种溶剂或载体中。尽管水是最优选的溶剂或载体,也可使用各种其他溶剂或载体。表面处理层20还可包括多种填料,包括例如:气浮的、水洗的或煅烧的高岭土;沉淀的或干磨碳酸钙或石灰石;或诸如云母、玻璃、微孔陶瓷、长石或霞石正长岩等硅酸盐。此外,表面处理层20可包括硅藻土、滑石粉、石膏方解石或氧化锌。所述填料根据需要添加,例如,用于调节颜色、流变性和遮盖力或表面处理层的不透明性。
此外,可将TiO2加入表面处理层20中提供亮度和不透明性。所述表面处理层20还可包括:分散剂,用于分散各种固体并防止它们凝聚;增稠剂,用于涂料保持及改善涂敷粘度;表面活性剂;和消泡剂,用于最小化空气夹带。所述分散剂、增稠剂、表面活性剂、填料和消泡剂都选择不排放或产生甲醛的。
各种分散剂、增稠剂、表面活性剂和消泡剂可用于本发明的不含甲醛的吸音砖的表面处理层中。适宜的分散剂包括四焦磷酸钾(TKPP)(FMC Corp.)和聚羧酸钠盐,可采用731A(罗门哈斯)。增稠剂的实例为羟乙基纤维素,可采用(Hercules有限公司)。示例性表面活性剂为乙氧化壬基酚,可采用CO-630(罗地亚加拿大公司)。示例性消泡剂为油类消泡剂,可采用Hi-Mar DFC-19(Hi-Mar Specialties有限公司)。本领域技术人员应理解,所述表面处理组合物可包括一种或多种的上述各种分散剂、增稠剂、表面活性剂、填料和消泡剂。
表面处理层可采用多种配方设计。在一个实施方式中,表面处理层20的配方设计包括约30~约50重量%的水;约40~约60重量%的填料;约2~约15重量%的TiO2;约2~约20重量%的胶乳;约0.25~约1.00重量%的分散剂;约0.01~约1.00重量%的增稠剂;约0.05~约0.50重量%的消泡剂;约0.1~约1.0重量%的表面活性剂;和约0.01~约1.50重量%的生物灭杀剂。更优选地,表面处理层20的配方设计包括约35~约40重量%的水;约45~约55重量%的填料;约2~约5重量%的TiO2;约3~约8重量%的胶乳;约0.50~约1.00重量%的分散剂;约0.01~约0.15重量%的增稠剂;约0.05~约0.20重量%的消泡剂;约0.1~约0.5重量%的表面活性剂;和约0.01~约1.10重量%的生物灭杀剂。进一步优选地,表面处理层20的配方设计包括约35~约38重量%的水;约52~约57重量%的填料;约2.50~约3.75重量%的TiO2;约5~约8重量%的胶乳;约0.75~约1.00重量%的分散剂;约0.05~约0.10重量%的增稠剂;约0.10~约0.15重量%的消泡剂;约0.20~约0.50重量%的表面活性剂;和约0.025~约0.60重量%的生物灭杀剂。
在另一方面,本发明提供了制造不含甲醛的吸音砖的方法。所述方法包括制备所述吸音砖板芯10和将表面处理组合物涂敷于板芯10形成表面处理层20。所述表面处理组合物和表面处理层20包括不含甲醛的胶乳粘结剂和一种或多种不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。
以下实施例进一步说明本发明,当然不能以任何方式解释为限制其范围。
实施例
在本实施例中,制备了多种吸音砖并根据标准规程测试了甲醛排放量。结果示于实施例1-7。实施例1和2提供了两种标准吸音砖的甲醛排放数据。实施例3提供了包括板芯和耐火背面涂层的吸音砖的甲醛排放数据。实施例4提供了本发明的包括板芯、耐火背面涂层和包括不含甲醛的胶乳的表面处理层的吸音砖的甲醛排放数据,其中所述不含甲醛的胶乳包括不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。实施例5提供了如实施例4所述的吸音砖的甲醛排放数据,只是实施例5的吸音砖还包括加入表面处理组合物中的另一种生物灭杀剂。实施例6和7提供了本发明的包括板芯、耐火背面涂层和包括不含甲醛的胶乳和不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂的表面处理层的吸音砖的甲醛排放数据。
表1对甲醛排放量的定量
a该板芯包括岩棉、淀粉、灰泥、硼酸和SHMP,并由浇铸工艺制得(Frost)。
b该耐火背面涂层包括水和阻燃剂(可采用PyrobreakTM EX18-USG)。
b+该耐火背面涂层包括水、阻燃剂(可采用PyrobreakTM EX18-USG)和生物灭杀剂(可采用Zinc乳剂)。
c该实施例中使用的胶乳是乙烯类和丙烯酸类的共聚物,可采用HP 31-316。
d该实施例中使用的生物灭杀剂是D3T和TK100的组合。
e该实施例中使用的不含甲醛的胶乳是乙烯类和丙烯酸类的共聚物,可采用HP31-316NF。所述制备的不含甲醛的胶乳包括1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮,可提供为GXL(ARCH Chemicals)。
f除了包括在不含甲醛的胶乳中的生物灭杀剂外,该实施例中不再在表面处理组合物中添加另外的生物灭杀剂。
g该实施例中使用的所述不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂是1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮和甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮的组合,可采用MBS(Acti-Chem)。
实施例3中的结果表明耐火背面涂层和板芯的组合是此处限定的不含甲醛的,也就是说,本实施例的吸音砖的排放量低于2μg/m3,低于标准规程中的可定量下限。实施例4表明包括耐火背面涂层、不含甲醛的胶乳和板芯的吸音砖是此处所限定的不含甲醛的。实施例5、6和7表明尤其是包括用作上述表面处理层的一种组分的不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂的吸音砖也是此处所限定的不含甲醛的。进而,表1中实施例3-7表明了用于制得本发明的吸音砖的组分的组合也是此处限定的不含甲醛的。实施例3-7还说明了本发明的优选实施方式,其中那些砖的甲醛排放量低于约1μg/m3。
此处所引用的包括出版物、专利申请和专利在内的所有参考文献都通过引用而合并至同一范围,如同各参考文献被单独特定指明为在此处通过引用而整体合并与提出。
本发明可以按照如下的实施方式进行:
实施方式1、一种吸音砖,包括板芯和表面处理层,其中所述表面处理层包括不含甲醛的胶乳粘结剂,和至少一种不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。
实施方式2、如实施方式1所述的吸音砖,其中所述生物灭杀剂是异噻唑啉-3-酮。
实施方式3、如实施方式2所述的吸音砖,其中所述吸音砖包括1-羟基-2(1H)-吡啶硫酮化锌;所述板芯包括选自由玻璃纤维、矿棉纤维及其混合物构成的组中的纤维,其中所述矿棉纤维选自由矿渣棉、岩棉、玄武岩矿棉及其混合物构成的组中;其中所述板芯进一步包括从由硫酸钙材料、硼酸、高岭土、瓜尔胶、六偏磷酸钠及其混合物构成的组中选择的成份;所述吸音砖包括从由漂白的纸、未漂白的纸和牛皮纸/铝箔构成的组中选择的衬背;并且所述表面处理层包括粘土填料、碳酸钙填料、TiO2、分散剂和增稠剂。
实施方式4、如实施方式1所述的吸音砖,其中所述生物灭杀剂是1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮和甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮的组合。
实施方式5、如实施方式1所述的吸音砖,其中所述不含甲醛的合成的或天然的胶乳粘结剂是:
热塑性合成丙烯酸类聚合物乳剂;
乙烯、氯乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯的三聚物;
苯乙烯和丙烯酸类的共聚物;
醋酸乙烯酯和丙烯酸类的共聚物;
聚醋酸乙烯酯的均聚物;
环氧聚合物乳剂;
聚氨酯;
聚乙烯醇;
淀粉;
大豆来源的蛋白质;或它们的组合。
实施方式6、如实施方式1所述的吸音砖,其中所述吸音砖不含甲醛。
实施方式7、如实施方式6所述的吸音砖,其中所述吸音砖的甲醛释放或排放量低于约1μg/m3的可定量限度。
实施方式8、一种包括板芯和表面处理层的吸音砖,其中所述表面处理层在干燥之前,包括:
约30~约50重量%的溶剂;
约40~约60重量%的填料;
约2~约15重量%的TiO2;
约2~约20重量%的不含甲醛的胶乳;
约0.25~约1.00重量%的分散剂;
约0.01~约1.00重量%的增稠剂;
约0.10~约1.00重量%的表面活性剂;
约0.05~约0.50重量%的消泡剂;和
约0.01~约1.50重量%的不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。
实施方式9、如实施方式8所述的吸音砖,其中所述生物灭杀剂是异噻唑啉-3-酮。
实施方式10、如实施方式8所述的吸音砖,其中所述生物灭杀剂是1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮和甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮的组合。
实施方式11、如实施方式8所述的吸音砖,其中所述板芯包括从由玻璃纤维、矿棉及其混合物构成的组中选择的纤维,其中所述矿棉纤维从由矿渣棉、岩棉、玄武岩矿棉及其混合物构成的组中选择;其中所述板芯进一步包括从由硫酸钙材料、硼酸、高岭土、瓜尔胶、六偏磷酸钠及其混合物构成的组中选择的成份;所述吸音砖包括从由漂白的纸、未漂白的纸和牛皮纸/铝箔构成的组中选择的衬背。
实施方式12、如实施方式8所述的吸音砖,进一步包括1-羟基-2(1H)-吡啶硫酮化锌。
实施方式13、如实施方式8所述的吸音砖,其中所述吸音砖不含甲醛。
实施方式14、如实施方式13所述的吸音砖,其中所述吸音砖的甲醛释放或排放量低于约1μg/m3的可定量限度。
实施方式15、一种制造吸音砖的方法,其中所述方法包括制备吸音砖板芯和对所述板芯涂敷表面处理层,其中所述表面处理层包括不含甲醛的合成的或天然的胶乳粘结剂和至少一种不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂。
实施方式16、如实施方式15所述的吸音砖,其中所述板芯包括由玻璃纤维、矿棉及其混合物构成的组中选择的纤维,其中所述矿棉纤维从由矿渣棉、岩棉、玄武岩矿棉及其混合物构成的组中选择;其中所述板芯进一步包括从由硫酸钙材料、硼酸、高岭土、瓜尔胶、六偏磷酸钠及其混合物构成的组中选择的成份;所述吸音砖包括衬背,其中所述衬背选自由漂白的纸、未漂白的纸和牛皮纸/铝箔构成的组中。
实施方式17、如实施方式15所述的制造吸音砖的方法,其中所述表面处理层进一步包括1-羟基-2(1H)-吡啶硫酮化锌。
实施方式18、如实施方式15所述的制造吸音砖的方法,其中所述表面处理层进一步包括粘土填料、碳酸钙填料、TiO2、分散剂和增稠剂。
实施方式19、如实施方式15所述的制造吸音砖的方法,其中所述不含甲醛的合成的或天然的胶乳粘结剂是:
热塑性合成丙烯酸类聚合物乳剂;
乙烯、氯乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯的三聚物;
苯乙烯和丙烯酸类的共聚物;
醋酸乙烯酯和丙烯酸类的共聚物;
聚醋酸乙烯酯的均聚物;
环氧聚合物乳剂;
聚氨酯;
聚乙烯醇;
淀粉;
大豆来源的蛋白质;或它们的组合。
实施方式20、如实施方式19所述的制造吸音砖的方法,其中所述不含甲醛的生物灭杀剂是1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮、甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮,或它们的组合。
实施方式21、如实施方式15所述的制造吸音砖的方法,其中所述吸音砖不含甲醛。
实施方式22、如实施方式21所述的制造吸音砖的方法,其中所述吸音砖的甲醛释放或排放量低于约1μg/m3的可定量限度。
在此具体说明了本发明的优选实施方式,包括发明人所知的实施本发明的最佳模式。对本领域普通技术人员而言通过阅读上述说明,这些优选实施方式的变更将变得显而易见。发明人希望技术人员适当应用这些变更,并且发明人希望能采用在此明确说明以外的方式来实施本发明。因此,本发明包括申请法律所允许的此处所附的权利要求中所述主题的所有修改和等价物。此外,除非此处另外说明或与上下文明显矛盾,在所有可能的改变中,上述要素的任意组合都包括于本发明中。
Claims (6)
1.一种包括板芯和表面处理层的吸音砖,其中所述表面处理层在干燥之前,包括:
30~50重量%的溶剂;
40~60重量%的填料;
2~15重量%的TiO2;
2~20重量%的不含甲醛的胶乳;
0.25~1.00重量%的分散剂;
0.01~1.00重量%的不排放或产生甲醛的增稠剂;
0.10~1.00重量%的表面活性剂;
0.05~0.50重量%的消泡剂;和
0.01~1.50重量%的不含甲醛且不排放甲醛的生物灭杀剂,且
其中所述吸音砖是不含甲醛的,并且
其中所述吸音砖的甲醛释放或排放量低于2μg/m3。
2.如权利要求1所述的吸音砖,其中所述生物灭杀剂是异噻唑啉-3-酮。
3.如权利要求1所述的吸音砖,其中所述生物灭杀剂是1,2-苯并异噻唑啉-3-酮和甲基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮的组合。
4.如权利要求1所述的吸音砖,其中所述板芯包括从由玻璃纤维、矿棉及其混合物构成的组中选择的纤维,其中所述矿棉纤维从由矿渣棉、岩棉、玄武岩矿棉及其混合物构成的组中选择;其中所述板芯进一步包括从由硫酸钙材料、硼酸、高岭土、瓜尔胶、六偏磷酸钠及其混合物构成的组中选择的成份;所述吸音砖包括从由漂白的纸、未漂白的纸和牛皮纸/铝箔构成的组中选择的衬背。
5.如权利要求1所述的吸音砖,进一步包括1-羟基-2(1H)-吡啶硫酮化锌。
6.如权利要求1所述的吸音砖,其中所述吸音砖的甲醛释放或排放量低于1μg/m3的可定量限度。
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US60/809,757 | 2006-05-31 | ||
US11/747,141 US8309231B2 (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-05-10 | Acoustical tile |
US11/747,141 | 2007-05-10 | ||
CNA2007800198260A CN101454517A (zh) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-05-30 | 吸音砖 |
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CNA2007800198260A Division CN101454517A (zh) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-05-30 | 吸音砖 |
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CN103790249A CN103790249A (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
CN103790249B true CN103790249B (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
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EP (1) | EP2029825B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5376325B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101433043B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103790249B (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2654003C (zh) |
MX (1) | MX341483B (zh) |
NO (1) | NO342454B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2469156C2 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI420013B (zh) |
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Also Published As
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EP2029825A4 (en) | 2010-06-02 |
RU2469156C2 (ru) | 2012-12-10 |
US20070277948A1 (en) | 2007-12-06 |
CA2654003A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
RU2008152822A (ru) | 2010-07-10 |
EP2029825B1 (en) | 2018-01-10 |
MX341483B (es) | 2016-08-22 |
KR20090025216A (ko) | 2009-03-10 |
JP5376325B2 (ja) | 2013-12-25 |
TW200804655A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
KR101433043B1 (ko) | 2014-08-22 |
MX2008015103A (es) | 2009-04-27 |
NO20084751L (no) | 2008-12-16 |
JP2009539004A (ja) | 2009-11-12 |
TWI420013B (zh) | 2013-12-21 |
CA2654003C (en) | 2016-01-19 |
CN103790249A (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
EP2029825A2 (en) | 2009-03-04 |
US8309231B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 |
WO2007142955A2 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
USRE46131E1 (en) | 2016-08-30 |
WO2007142955A3 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
NO342454B1 (no) | 2018-05-22 |
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