CN103787787A - Potash fertilizer special for tobaccos and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Potash fertilizer special for tobaccos and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103787787A CN103787787A CN201410083569.9A CN201410083569A CN103787787A CN 103787787 A CN103787787 A CN 103787787A CN 201410083569 A CN201410083569 A CN 201410083569A CN 103787787 A CN103787787 A CN 103787787A
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Abstract
The invention discloses potash fertilizer special for tobaccos and a preparation method of the potash fertilizer. Components of mineral potash fertilizer, common water soluble potash fertilizer, potassium humate and borax are smashed respectively, 50 percent-55 percent of the mineral potash fertilizer, 30 percent-35 percent of the common water soluble potash fertilizer, 10 percent-15 percent of the potassium humate and 1 percent-2 percent of the borax are stirred and blended evenly by mass and are continuously added to a disk grain making machine, particles are formed based on an aggregate prilling principle, and the potash fertilizer special for the tobaccos is manufactured through drying, cooling and screening. The slow effect characteristic of the potash fertilizer is fully achieved, and through development and utilization of domestic slightly solubility potassium mineral resources, the fertilizer is low in price and convenient to popularize and apply in a large scale subsequently. Meanwhile, the coupling relation of potassium supply and potassium needs is fully considered, and the requirement of the excellent tobaccos for potassium in the whole growth period can be met by disposable basal application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer special for tobacco production technical field, in particular the special potassium fertilizer and preparation method thereof that grows tobacco.
Background technology
Potassium element is one of the most important nutrition of tobacco and Quality Element, and potassium content in tobacco leaf can reach 2-8%.At present, the sound tobacco potassium content of the country such as the U.S., Zimbabwe is many at 4-6%, and China's potassium content of tobacco leaf is generally lower, and potassium content in tobacco leaf seldom exceedes 3%.Lower potassium content of tobacco leaf is limiting the production of China's sound tobacco always, has become one of further critical limitation factor that improves China's quality of tobacco.
In tobacco produces, raising potassium content of tobacco leaf conventionally takes to improve K Amounts and application times realizes.Take Yunnan Province's cured tobacco production as example, the amount of application of potash fertilizer is (with K
2o meter) be generally 225-360kg/ha, application times is generally 2-3 time.The Potassium Fertilizer of a large amount, causes increasing considerably of Potassium Fertilizer cost on the one hand; Cause on the other hand a large amount of wastes of Potassic fertilizer resources, potassium utilization rate is generally on the low side.According to statistics, at present 10,000 yuan of the about per hectares of input cost of the production means (fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, fuel etc.) in China's cured tobacco production, and only the input cost of potash fertilizer just reaches 4500 yuan of left and right, accounts for 45% of total cost.Meanwhile, because tobacco is fear-chlorion crop, can only use aborning the potash fertilizer products such as potassium sulfate or saltpetre, this has further limited the reduction of Potassium Fertilizer cost.
China is a potash fertilizer consumption big country, but potassium ore resources wretched insufficiency, explored bittern potassium resource basis reserves only account for 2.5% of global total amount.2013, approximately 3,500,000 tons, China's import potash fertilizer, the dependence import of 50% left and right.On the other hand, China's insoluble potassium resource (potassium felspar sand, glaukonine, mica etc.) is abundant, can be for approximately 20,000,000,000 tons of the stock numbers of exploitation (with K
2o meter).But because the potash fertilizer products of being developed with insoluble potassium resource mostly is slow-release potassium fertilizer, the utilization and extention rate in existing agriculture production is lower.Therefore, how in agriculture production, to improve the rate of utilization of insoluble Potassic fertilizer resources product, have important practical significance to alleviating China's Potassic fertilizer resources shortage and Ensuring Food Safety.
Chinese patent (patent No. CN102010258B) discloses the controlled-release formula fertilizer that grows tobacco, in formula fertilizer, the controlled release of potash fertilizer mainly utilizes coated with resin potassium sulfate and saltpetre to realize, cannot utilize mineral potassic fertilizer, and coated with resin complex manufacturing, cost are higher.Chinese patent application (application number 201210443138.X) discloses the special slow release potash fertilizer that grows tobacco, and it forms by inorganic and organic materials coating take traditional water soluble potassic fertilizer as slow-release fertilizer center.Above two controlled releases of potassium element in special fertilizer that grow tobacco are all realized by mould material coating tradition water soluble potassic fertilizer, and Production Flow Chart complexity, production cost are relatively high; Meanwhile, two kinds of special fertilizers, all take traditional water soluble potassic fertilizer as potassium source, can not utilize China to lay in abundant insoluble potassium resource, and this is the sustainable use of restriction China Potassic fertilizer resources further.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is the problems such as in producing for China's refractory potassic mine underutilization of resources and tobacco potash fertilizer utilization is lower, and the special potassium fertilizer and preparation method thereof that grows tobacco is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
One preparation method who grows tobacco special potassium fertilizer; its technical scheme is that mineral potassic fertilizer, common water soluble potassic fertilizer, potassium humate and borax component are pulverized respectively; then common water soluble potassic fertilizer, the potassium humate of 10-15% and the borax of 1-2% of the mineral potassic fertilizer that is 50-55% according to mass percent, 30-35% are uniformly mixed; join continuously in granulating disc; utilize a comminution granulation principle to form particle; through super-dry, cooling and screening, make tobacco special potassium fertilizer.
Described preparation method, calculates by mass percentage, and mineral potassic fertilizer is 55%, and common water soluble potassic fertilizer is 30%, and potassium humate is 13%, and borax is 2%.
Described preparation method, calculates by mass percentage, and mineral potassic fertilizer is 50%, and common water soluble potassic fertilizer is 35%, and potassium humate is 13%, and borax is 2%.
The described mineral potassic fertilizer slowly-releasing mineral potassic fertilizer that rich potassium ore potassium felspar sand is produced through hydro-thermal or sintering process of serving as reasons, K in mineral potassic fertilizer
2the mass percent content of O is 20-30%.
Described common water soluble potassic fertilizer is common agricultural potassium sulfate or saltpetre; Described potassium humate is common agricultural potassium humate; Described borax is common agriculture borax.
The tobacco special potassium fertilizer that described preparation method makes.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) take into full account the coupled relation of Potassium status and potassium element demand, Base-appling once is with meeting the demand to potassium element in sound tobacco whole breeding time, can be separately disposable employed or use as bulk blended fertilizer (BB fertilizer) with nitrogenous fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer;
(2) utilize the slow feature of the contained potassium element of mineral potassic fertilizer and potassium humate, simultaneously in conjunction with water-soluble potassium element contained in common potash fertilizer, determine the proportioning of best slow potassium and water-soluble potassium in tobacco produces by lot of experiments;
(3) show by a large amount of field test data, appropriate borax can improve the quality of tobacco and improve the potassium utilization rate of tobacco;
(4) use at high proportion mineral potassic fertilizer, give full play to the slow feature of mineral potassic fertilizer, utilize the exploitation of China's refractory potassic mine resource, fertilizer is cheap, is convenient to the large-scale promotion application in later stage.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
The preparation of embodiment 1 tobacco special efficient potash fertilizer
(1) determining of tobacco special potassium fertilizer formula
By the demand rule data of potassium element being summarized and are analyzed in a large amount of tobacco breeding time, in conjunction with the supply situation of soil potassium in tobacco-growing soil, determine that in tobacco special potassium fertilizer formula, the ratio of slowly available potassium and water-soluble potassium is 1.2-0.8:1, wherein slowly available potassium derives from mineral potassic fertilizer and potassium humate, and water-soluble potassium derives from common water soluble potassic fertilizer (potassium sulfate or saltpetre).For potassium humate, it can provide organic slowly available potassium on the one hand; Can also improve on the other hand soil quality, improve plant recovery of nutrient and the quality of tobacco of tobacco.Meanwhile, because China overwhelming majority tobacco-growing soils exist the phenomenon of boron deficiency, and appropriate boron fertilizer can improve the potassium utilization rate of tobacco, therefore in formula fertilizer, adds appropriate borax.
Finally, by a large amount of field tests and fertilizer plant produced testing data, determine component and the proportioning of best tobacco special potassium fertilizer.
(2) preparation flow of tobacco special potassium fertilizer
Mineral potassic fertilizer, common water soluble potassic fertilizer, potassium humate, borax component are pulverized respectively; after each component stirring and evenly mixing; it is quantitatively joined in rotary drum or granulating disc continuously; utilize a comminution granulation principle to form particle; through super-dry, cooling and screening after; obtain particulate state tobacco special potassium fertilizer, its particle diameter is 2-4.75mm.
In tobacco special potassium fertilizer prepared by the present embodiment, the mass percent of mineral potassic fertilizer, common water soluble potassic fertilizer, potassium humate and borax is 50-55%, 30-35%, 10-15%, 1-2%.
The preparation of embodiment 2 tobacco special potassium fertilizer A
By mineral potassic fertilizer (K
2o content 24%, 100% solubility in citric acid potassium, from Shanxi purple light Jia Ye company limited buy), potassium sulfate (K
2o content 50%, 100% is water-soluble), potassium humate (K
2o content 10%; slow potassium), borax component after crushed; take each component by following mass percent: 55%, 30%, 13%, 2%; then after stirring and evenly mixing; join continuously in granulating disc, utilize a comminution granulation principle to form particle, through super-dry, cooling and screening; finally obtain particulate state tobacco special potassium fertilizer, its particle diameter is 2-4.75mm.
In tobacco special potassium fertilizer A prepared by the present embodiment, total K
2o quality percentage composition is 29.5%, wherein slow potassium: water-soluble potassium=0.97:1.
The preparation of embodiment 3 tobacco special potassium fertilizer B
By mineral potassic fertilizer (K
2o content 30%, 100% solubility in citric acid potassium, from Shanxi purple light Jia Ye company limited buy), saltpetre (K
2o content 45%, 100% is water-soluble), potassium humate (K
2o content 10%; slow potassium), borax component after crushed; take each component by following mass percent: 50%, 35%, 13%, 2%; then after stirring and evenly mixing; join continuously in granulating disc, utilize a comminution granulation principle to form particle, through super-dry, cooling and screening; finally obtain particulate state tobacco special potassium fertilizer, its particle diameter is 2-4.75mm.
In tobacco special potassium fertilizer B prepared by the present embodiment, total K
2o quality percentage composition is 32.1%, wherein slow potassium: water-soluble potassium=1.09:1.
The field proof test of embodiment 4 tobacco special potassium fertilizers
2013, the field proof test of carrying out respectively tobacco special potassium fertilizer in Tengchong County, Baoshan, Yunnan city and Luliang County, Qujing.Two regional field tests are all established three processing: peasant convention (CK), tobacco special potassium fertilizer A, tobacco special potassium fertilizer B, respectively process K Amounts in table 1.Each test totally 9 communities, community area is 100m
2, repeat for three times.All the other field planting management measures are with local High Quality Tobacco production technology regulation.
Table 1 tobacco special potassium fertilizer field comparison test Potassium Fertilizer
Note: it is potassium sulfate and saltpetre that peasant convention is processed potash fertilizer type.
Field test results is as shown in table 2, is reducing under approximately 30% potash fertilizer input amount and disposable employed condition, and output and potassium content that tobacco special potassium fertilizer is processed tobacco leaf all have increase to a certain degree, and wherein potassium content of tobacco leaf has on average improved approximately 10%.Because the mineral potassic fertilizer using in tobacco special potassium fertilizer of the present invention is with low cost, approximately 700 yuan/ton of prices, compare with peasant convention, adopt tobacco special potassium fertilizer of the present invention, and potash fertilizer use cost can reduce 30-50%.
Above result shows, tobacco special potassium fertilizer of the present invention can meet the demand of sound tobacco for potassium element by Base-appling once, take full advantage of the abundant refractory potassic mine resource of China's reserves simultaneously, realize the sustainable use of falling this increasing potassium and Potassic fertilizer resources of tobacco in producing, there is larger potentiality and the economic worth applied.
Table 2 tobacco special potassium fertilizer field comparison test result
Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method who grows tobacco special potassium fertilizer; it is characterized in that; mineral potassic fertilizer, common water soluble potassic fertilizer, potassium humate and borax component are pulverized respectively; then common water soluble potassic fertilizer, the potassium humate of 10-15% and the borax of 1-2% of the mineral potassic fertilizer that is 50-55% according to mass percent, 30-35% are uniformly mixed; join continuously in granulating disc; utilize a comminution granulation principle to form particle, through super-dry, cooling and screening, make tobacco special potassium fertilizer.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, calculates by mass percentage, and mineral potassic fertilizer is 55%, and common water soluble potassic fertilizer is 30%, and potassium humate is 13%, and borax is 2%.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, calculates by mass percentage, and mineral potassic fertilizer is 50%, and common water soluble potassic fertilizer is 35%, and potassium humate is 13%, and borax is 2%.
4. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described mineral potassic fertilizer slowly-releasing mineral potassic fertilizer that rich potassium ore potassium felspar sand is produced through hydro-thermal or sintering process of serving as reasons, K in mineral potassic fertilizer
2the mass percent content of O is 20-30%.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described common water soluble potassic fertilizer is common agricultural potassium sulfate or saltpetre; Described potassium humate is common agricultural potassium humate; Described borax is common agriculture borax.
6. the tobacco special potassium fertilizer making according to the arbitrary described preparation method of claim 1-5.
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| CN201410083569.9A CN103787787B (en) | 2014-03-09 | 2014-03-09 | One grows tobacco special potassium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201410083569.9A CN103787787B (en) | 2014-03-09 | 2014-03-09 | One grows tobacco special potassium fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103787787B CN103787787B (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103980055A (en) * | 2014-05-31 | 2014-08-13 | 重庆市中绿农业开发有限责任公司 | Special organic/inorganic compound fertilizer for tobacco |
| CN106069694A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-09 | 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 | A kind of seedling medium compositions being suitable to flue-cured tobacco two-stages seeding and preparation method thereof |
| CN108329146A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-07-27 | 湖南农业大学 | One grows tobacco time of infertility phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109287423A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A method of high-nicotine tobacco leaf is cultivated using humic acid and water-soluble amino acid fertilizer |
| CN115745686A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-07 | 方城县华裕肥料有限公司 | Special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of tobacco leaves |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103980055A (en) * | 2014-05-31 | 2014-08-13 | 重庆市中绿农业开发有限责任公司 | Special organic/inorganic compound fertilizer for tobacco |
| CN103980055B (en) * | 2014-05-31 | 2015-08-05 | 重庆市中绿农业开发有限责任公司 | tobacco special organic inorganic compound fertilizer |
| CN106069694A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-09 | 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 | A kind of seedling medium compositions being suitable to flue-cured tobacco two-stages seeding and preparation method thereof |
| CN106069694B (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2019-12-10 | 贵州省烟草公司黔西南州公司 | Seedling substrate composition suitable for two-stage seedling raising of flue-cured tobacco and preparation method thereof |
| CN108329146A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-07-27 | 湖南农业大学 | One grows tobacco time of infertility phosphorus potassium complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109287423A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-01 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A method of high-nicotine tobacco leaf is cultivated using humic acid and water-soluble amino acid fertilizer |
| CN115745686A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-03-07 | 方城县华裕肥料有限公司 | Special fertilizer for improving quality and increasing yield of tobacco leaves |
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