CN103749945A - Technology for preparing feed by using edible mushroom leftovers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a technology for preparing a feed by using edible mushroom leftovers. The feed is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-18% of edible mushroom dregs, 25-40% of corn flour, 20-35% of rice bran, 5-15% of sweet potato powder, 1-5% of shell powder, 1-5% of wheat bran, 1-5% of rapeseed meal, 1-5% of soybean cake meal, 0.01-0.05% of copper sulfate and 0.1-0.6% of table salt. The feed contains rich microbial proteins, polysaccharides, vitamins and trace elements such as Fe, Ca, Zn, and Mg, and therefore, the nutritive value of the feed is similar to the nutritive values of the wheat bran and the corn flour; after being converted from edible mushrooms, crop straws are loose and porous, easy to crush, and the feed is fragrant in smell and good in tastiness.

Description

Edible fungi leftovers feed technology

Technical field

The invention belongs to the mixed fodder of preparing as raw material take Chinese medicine, bacterium slag, particularly edible fungi leftovers feed, is to utilize edible mushroom to form in process of production a large amount of leftover bits and pieces and bacterium slag, add Chinese herbal medicine and protein feed, through being pulverized and mixed, for raising pig, ox, the feeds such as sheep.

Background technology

The annual waste material of edible mushroom of China is more than 300,000 tons, and bacterium agriculture is stacked without fixed point, can only stack along highway, or be poured in river, or Around the house huddles and leaves about, and causes traffic jam, and river course stops up and environmental pollution, seriously restricts the popularization of microbial technique.The bacterium chaff after edible mushroom transforms is found in research through we scientific and technical personnel, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin etc. are all by degraded in various degree, also, containing trace elements such as abundant mycoprotein, polysaccharide, vitamin and Fe, Ca, Zn, Mg, its nutritive value can be compared with wheat bran, corn flour; And crop material is loose porous shape after edible mushroom transforms, be easy to pulverize fragrant odour, good palatability.According to surveying and determination, in every 100 kilograms of bacterium chaff siccatives, still have 40%～55% edible mycelium to remain in fertilizer, in bacterium chaff, crude protein content is mostly 6%～8%, and crude fibre reduces by 50%, and lignin reduces by 30% left and right.This provides scientific basis for making full use of bacterium chaff as feed.Through suitably processing, can make feed, bait or other additive, for the raising of the animals such as pig, ox, sheep, chicken, duck, rabbit, squirrel, northern deer and fish, Substitute For Partial grain, reduces production costs.Existing technology is when processing is gone mouldy, and some processing are unclean, can cause the problems such as the swollen and enteritis of domestic animals tripe to occur, his consumption is than our few 10% left and right, less than better more not utilizing edible fungi leftovers.Enhancement of environment is had to weak point, do not solve remaining the going mouldy of leftover bits and pieces and cause the method for domestic animals pathology.

Summary of the invention

For the problems referred to above, the object of the invention is to propose a kind of edible fungi leftovers feed technology, this edible fungi leftovers feed technology is containing trace elements such as abundant mycoprotein, polysaccharide, vitamin and Fe, Ca, Zn, Mg, and its nutritive value can be compared with wheat bran, corn flour; And crop material is loose porous shape after edible mushroom transforms, be easy to pulverize fragrant odour, good palatability.

The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: edible fungi leftovers feed technology, it is characterized in that, described edible fungi leftovers feed technology is made by weight percentage by following raw materials according: edible fungi residue 10%～18%, corn flour 25%～40%, rice bran 20%～35%, sweet potato powder 5%～15%, oyster shell whiting 1%～5%, wheat bran 1%～5%, dish cake powder 1%～5%, beancake powder 1%～5%, copper sulphate 0.01%～0.05%, salt 0.1%～0.6%.

The preferred weight percent of described edible fungi leftovers feed technology is: edible fungi residue 15%, corn flour 30%, rice bran 30%, sweet potato powder 10%, oyster shell whiting 4%, wheat bran 3%, dish cake powder 4%, beancake powder 3%, copper sulphate 0.03%, salt 0.4%.

The preferred weight percent of described edible fungi leftovers feed technology is: edible fungi residue 12%, corn flour 28%, rice bran 33%, sweet potato powder 12%, oyster shell whiting 3%, wheat bran 2%, dish cake powder 3%, beancake powder 4%, copper sulphate 0.04%, salt 0.2%.

Described production technology, follows these steps to operate:

(1), fermentation proportioning: configuration crushes (the 1mm hole of sieving)) 1000 kilograms, fermented feed, water 350-400 kilogram (summer 350, winter 400), 2 kilograms of agriculture Citroen zx bacterium liquid;

(2), 2 kilograms of agriculture Citroen zx bacterium liquid are poured in 350-400 kg of water and stirred;

(3), the bacterium liquid mixing is mixed with 1000 kilograms of fermented feeds, humidity is pinched and is not agglomeratingly dripped with hand, and one touches i.e. loose being advisable.There is the large-scale plant of mixer that activation zymotic fluid is slowly added in feed and stirred; Do not have the raiser of mixer that agriculture Citroen zx bacterium liquid is slowly sprayed onto on feed on a small quantity, stir with spade, note: can not have agglomerate, water caking, agglomerate, water caking be rubbed scattered and stirred with hand;

(4), large-scale plant can rick in ground compacting the feed configuring or pack cement pit compacting into, seal with plastic sheeting; It is airtight that little raiser can pack feed into cylinder, large Plastic Drum, pond compacting, with plastic sheeting sealing, which floor seals more, guarantees that sealing is completely airtight;

(5), be placed on the local anaerobic fermentation of normal temperature, protection against rodents, according to fermenting through 5-7 days (5 days summers, 6 days spring and autumn, 7 days winters) season, send slightly sour-sweet strong distiller's yeast fragrance, show to ferment successfully.If only acid is not fragrant, there is no distiller's yeast fragrance; Or to have the look of bleaching be that the not exclusively ventilative reason fermentation of sealing is unsuccessful, fermentation again after the failed feed that ferments can dry.Fermented feed will accomplish that compacting sealing is air tight; Moisture is suitable, and many easy acid has been lacked fermentation too slow; Stir and want evenly, to pulverize agglomerate;

(6), ferment successfully after, take out and add unfermentable entirely adding and in feed, mix Direct-fed.If ferment five days consumptions of feeding, sealing rapidly after taking every day, then get again with sealing again.

The present invention can reduce feed cost, has increased benefit to mushroom agriculture, reduces and pollutes; Reduced raise omnidistance cost-saving four/to 1/5th, ten thousand yuan of left and right of the annual many incomes of mushroom agriculture, normal feed cost is 1 yuan of left and right, its feed cost is in 0.7-0.8 unit.Mushroom agriculture is annual sells 50,000 kilograms, 0.2 yuan of unit price; It can improve milk cow, milch goat immunity and reduction various diseases, and going mouldy of bacterium slag played to inhibitory action, and promote pig, cattle and sheep growth, the output of milk of increase, the quality of pig, cattle and sheep, has reduced the environmental pollution of bacterium slag, has saved grain.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further:

Embodiment 1: the preferred weight percent of described edible fungi leftovers feed technology is: edible fungi residue 15%, corn flour 30%, rice bran 30%, sweet potato powder 10%, oyster shell whiting 4%, wheat bran 3%, dish cake powder 4%, beancake powder 3%, copper sulphate 0.03%, salt 0.4%.Above-mentioned raw materials is followed these steps to operate: (1), fermentation proportioning: configuration crushes (the 1mm hole of sieving)) 1000 kilograms, fermented feed, water 350-400 kilogram of (summer 350, winter 400), 2 kilograms of agriculture Citroen zx bacterium liquid;

(2), 2 kilograms of agriculture Citroen zx bacterium liquid are poured in 350-400 kg of water and stirred;

(3), the bacterium liquid mixing is mixed with 1000 kilograms of fermented feeds, humidity is pinched and is not agglomeratingly dripped with hand, and one touches i.e. loose being advisable.There is the large-scale plant of mixer that activation zymotic fluid is slowly added in feed and stirred; Do not have the raiser of mixer that agriculture Citroen zx bacterium liquid is slowly sprayed onto on feed on a small quantity, stir with spade, note: can not have agglomerate, water caking, agglomerate, water caking be rubbed scattered and stirred with hand;

(4), large-scale plant can rick in ground compacting the feed configuring or pack cement pit compacting into, seal with plastic sheeting; It is airtight that little raiser can pack feed into cylinder, large Plastic Drum, pond compacting, with plastic sheeting sealing, which floor seals more, guarantees that sealing is completely airtight;

(5), be placed on the local anaerobic fermentation of normal temperature, protection against rodents, according to fermenting through 5-7 days (5 days summers, 6 days spring and autumn, 7 days winters) season, send slightly sour-sweet strong distiller's yeast fragrance, show to ferment successfully.If only acid is not fragrant, there is no distiller's yeast fragrance; Or to have the look of bleaching be that the not exclusively ventilative reason fermentation of sealing is unsuccessful, fermentation again after the failed feed that ferments can dry.Fermented feed will accomplish that compacting sealing is air tight; Moisture is suitable, and many easy acid has been lacked fermentation too slow; Stir and want evenly, to pulverize agglomerate;

(6), ferment successfully after, take out and add unfermentable entirely adding and in feed, mix Direct-fed.If ferment five days consumptions of feeding, sealing rapidly after taking every day, then get again with sealing again.

Embodiment 2: the preferred weight percent of described edible fungi leftovers feed technology is: edible fungi residue 12%, corn flour 28%, rice bran 33%, sweet potato powder 12%, oyster shell whiting 3%, wheat bran 2%, dish cake powder 3%, beancake powder 4%, copper sulphate 0.04%, salt 0.2%.Above-mentioned raw materials is followed these steps to operate: the same.

Claims (4)

1. an edible fungi leftovers feed technology, it is characterized in that, described edible fungi leftovers feed technology is made by weight percentage by following raw materials according: edible fungi residue 10%～18%, corn flour 25%～40%, rice bran 20%～35%, sweet potato powder 5%～15%, oyster shell whiting 1%～5%, wheat bran 1%～5%, dish cake powder 1%～5%, beancake powder 1%～5%, copper sulphate 0.01%～0.05%, salt 0.1%～0.6%.

2. edible fungi leftovers feed technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preferred weight percent of described edible fungi leftovers feed technology is: edible fungi residue 15%, corn flour 30%, rice bran 30%, sweet potato powder 10%, oyster shell whiting 4%, wheat bran 3%, dish cake powder 4%, beancake powder 3%, copper sulphate 0.03%, salt 0.4%.

3. edible fungi leftovers feed technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preferred weight percent of described edible fungi leftovers feed technology is: edible fungi residue 12%, corn flour 28%, rice bran 33%, sweet potato powder 12%, oyster shell whiting 3%, wheat bran 2%, dish cake powder 3%, beancake powder 4%, copper sulphate 0.04%, salt 0.2%.

4. the preparation method of edible fungi leftovers feed technology according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described production technology, follows these steps to operate:

(1), fermentation proportioning: configuration crushes (the 1mm hole of sieving)) 1000 kilograms, fermented feed, water 350-400 kilogram (summer 350, winter 400), 2 kilograms of agriculture Citroen zx bacterium liquid;

(2), 2 kilograms of agriculture Citroen zx bacterium liquid are poured in 350-400 kg of water and stirred;

(3), the bacterium liquid mixing is mixed with 1000 kilograms of fermented feeds, humidity is pinched and is not agglomeratingly dripped with hand, and one touches i.e. loose being advisable.There is the large-scale plant of mixer that activation zymotic fluid is slowly added in feed and stirred; Do not have the raiser of mixer that agriculture Citroen zx bacterium liquid is slowly sprayed onto on feed on a small quantity, stir with spade, note: can not have agglomerate, water caking, agglomerate, water caking be rubbed scattered and stirred with hand;

(4), large-scale plant can rick in ground compacting the feed configuring or pack cement pit compacting into, seal with plastic sheeting; It is airtight that little raiser can pack feed into cylinder, large Plastic Drum, pond compacting, with plastic sheeting sealing, which floor seals more, guarantees that sealing is completely airtight;

(5), be placed on the local anaerobic fermentation of normal temperature, protection against rodents, according to fermenting through 5-7 days (5 days summers, 6 days spring and autumn, 7 days winters) season, send slightly sour-sweet strong distiller's yeast fragrance, show to ferment successfully.If only acid is not fragrant, there is no distiller's yeast fragrance; Or to have the look of bleaching be that the not exclusively ventilative reason fermentation of sealing is unsuccessful, fermentation again after the failed feed that ferments can dry.Fermented feed will accomplish that compacting sealing is air tight; Moisture is suitable, and many easy acid has been lacked fermentation too slow; Stir and want evenly, to pulverize agglomerate;

(6), ferment successfully after, take out and add unfermentable entirely adding and in feed, mix Direct-fed.If ferment five days consumptions of feeding, sealing rapidly after taking every day, then get again with sealing again.