CN103749422A

CN103749422A - Technology for controlling generation of wild rice

Info

Publication number: CN103749422A
Application number: CN201210318206.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 梁明华
Original assignee: JURONG AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION CENTER
Current assignee: JURONG AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY PROMOTION CENTER
Priority date: 2012-07-20
Filing date: 2012-09-01
Publication date: 2014-04-30

Abstract

The invention relates to a technology for controlling generation of wild rice. An environment (mainly meaning the humidity for growing and developing plants) suitable for seed germination is manually created in fields by using a crop stubble changing gap, so as to induce residual rice grains in the fields to be sprouted and emerged; mechanical rotary tillage is utilized to eliminate stubbles and self-grown rice seedlings are eliminated in process of soil preparation, or watering is adopted to soak the fields (the soaking time is generally guaranteed to be 5-7 days) in advance so as to realize soaking the fields and stifling seeds to control the wild rice, and the effective control ratio of controlling the wild rice is higher than that of the normal fields by more than 3,000 times, so that direct sowing culture can be carried out in the same field in successive years. The technology is convenient and feasible, is capable of effectively controlling the generation of the wild rice, solving the problems in the direct sowing culture, and supplementing and enriching the contents of simple rice cultivation techniques.

Description

Control wild rice generation technique

(1) technical field

The present invention relates to control wild rice generation technique, mainly to utilize crop to rise a batch gap, the artificial suitable seed sprouting environment in field of creating, bringing out the residual grain of rice in field germinates, emerges, during whole ground, utilize Stubble-cleaning by Mechanized Rotary Cultivation and the spontaneous rice seedling that destroys, or take to go up in advance bubble field (general soaked field time guarantee 5-7 days) and realize soaked field vexed kind (bud) and control wild rice and occur.Can carry out Direct-seeding Rice cultivation same Tanaka so year after year, continue to realize saving of labor, abridged edition, volume increase, synergy.

(2) background technology

Paddy rice is the important cereal crops of China and southern area, for guaranteeing grain-production safety, and a series of excitation grain-production policies such as country has put into effect and protected farmland, subsidies for growing superior grain cultivators, grain direct subsidy.In the practice of long-term Rice Production, working people and scientific and technical personnel have accumulated and have created the Rice Cropping mode of various ways, mainly contain transplanting, transplanting, rice transplanting, live etc.

In recent years, along with the residual paddy in mechanized harvest field increases, in addition the blue or green strong labour's in rural area transfer, along with the reform of Rice Cropping mode, for a change peasant go over " face loess the back of the body towards sky ", reduce labor intensity, the light simple culture technique of paddy rice is more and more subject to peasant's welcome, especially rice direct-seeding culture technique, can save a large amount of recruitments and Nong Ben and drop into.According to us, investigate and adjust seedling and cultivate only seedling and transplant needization a 1855 yuan/hm that takes a lot of work ²left and right, and direct sowing culture only needs 550 yuan/hm of cost ²left and right, abridged edition reaches 1305 yuan/hm ², and labour intensity alleviates greatly.

Along with the continuous expansion of this area Direct-seeding Rice area, and plantation year after year, in rice field, start to occur " non-round-grained rice like Xian, the thick leaf of bar drape over one's shoulders, plant type is loose " wild rice strain (claiming again special-shaped rice, variation rice, red rice, self-sown rice etc.).According to our experimental observation, to plant continuously 2-3 and do not take the field of control measure, general wild rice strain incidence is 15-30%, and increases the weight of year by year, indivedual serious fields reach 70%.For this problem, we have early just started to control the test of wild rice generation technique several years ago, by in the past few years in test, the demonstration of this area, facts have proved that this kind of technology can control the generation of autogeny rice effectively, and successful, control and efficiently from 15-30%, drop to 1-2 ‰, thereby played guaranteeing role for the application year after year of Direct-seeding Rice culture technique.

(3) summary of the invention

The theory of institute of the present invention foundation is: (1) brings out seed sprouting.According to the required temperature of seed sprouting, gas, water condition, artificially create suitable seed sprouting environment, impel the residual seed of native Barren to germinate ahead of time, emerge, in conjunction with whole with mechanical rotary tillage destruction; (2) suppress seed sprouting.Create restriction Germination Conditions, allow residual seed under soaked oxygen free condition, produce vexed kind (bud).

The present invention realizes: crop, rise a batch gap, demand according to seed sprouting to temperature, gas, water condition, condition is artificially set, bring out or suppress germination capacity of seeds, the final generation that realizes control wild rice, can guarantee the application year after year of Direct-seeding Rice culture technique, realize saving of labor, abridged edition, volume increase, synergy simultaneously.

Advantage of the present invention is: (1) implementation process is between sowing after preceding crop results, and the time is comparatively well-to-do, can effectively alleviate the contradictions such as labour, season; (2) the artificial environmental condition of bringing out or suppresses seed sprouting that arranges, the grain of rice bringing out germinates and emerges that to align mutually, suppress the period relative consistent, and the generation of control wild rice is effective; (3) adopt this method can effectively control wild rice and occur, guarantee that Direct-seeding Rice can plant year after year.

(4) embodiment

Following implementation example is only further elaborated with regard to summary of the invention, does not show the full content of invention.

Xie Tang village, white rabbit town, [embodiment 1] Jurong City in 2006 starts small size demonstration Direct-seeding Rice, and demonstration then obtains successfully at one stroke, average yield 9705kg/ hm ², within 2007, start area and significantly rise, 93% of 2008 Nian Yidaquan village areas.Live particularly direct-sowing dry rice field year after year, wild rice increases the weight of year by year along with the increase of Planting Years, and within 2008, most field autogeny rice strain rates all reach 15-30%, and serious field reaches 70% left and right.Our Xie Tang village of summer sowing in 2009 has carried out controlling the demonstration that wild rice occurs, the gross area 9 hm ², wherein bring out demonstration area 4.5 hm that germinate ², sprout inhibition demonstration area 4.5 hm ².After preceding crop results, in time in bringing out field, demonstration area on water humid soil Barren, lure it to germinate, emerge, before early June sowing with mechanical rotary tillage go out seedling, weed eradication, then sowing, after planting, by normal mode management, early August is investigated, autogeny rice strain rate only has 1 ‰; Also test upper water on May 26 (depth of water with not piece high point in open field be advisable), mechanical rotary tillage on May 29 suppressing demonstration area simultaneously, June 1 flat field, June 3 discharged water, 5-6 day in June is sowed, 8 days soaked field time, early August investigation, autogeny rice strain rate only has 1 ‰ left and right equally.And contrast field wild rice strain rate outside two demonstration areas is up to 28%.

[embodiment 2] 2009 Nian whole cities year after year 7 towns in Direct-seeding Rice district have laid a plurality of demonstration areas, nearly 450 hm of demonstration area ², take same method of operating, August 15 has been carried out field investigation to the autogeny rice strain rate in demonstration area, and result is that autogeny rice strain rate can be controlled at 1 ‰ left and right completely.

Within the scope of [embodiment 3] 2010 Nian whole cities, further expand demonstration, nearly 1000 hm of Demonstration Application area ², investigation on August 11, the autogeny rice strain rate in demonstration area still only has nearly 1 ‰.

The effective control rate of controlling wild rice generation by technology of the present invention does not exceed more than 3000 times than normally not controlling field, and effect is very obvious.

Claims

1. the present invention relates to control wild rice generation technique, its technical characterictic is: this technology is risen a batch gap crop, the suitable seed sprouting environment of artificial creation, bringing out the residual grain of rice in native Barren germinates, emerges, or take soaked field vexed kind (bud) to control wild rice generation, guarantee to carry out Direct-seeding Rice cultivation same Tanaka year after year.

2. control wild rice generation technique according to claim 1, make full use of crop and rise a batch gap, the artificial suitable native Barren soil moisture content in field of creating, at thermophilic with penetrating in the situation that, impel field residual grain of rice last year to germinate early, emerge, the Stubble-cleaning by Mechanized Rotary Cultivation while simultaneously utilizing whole ground the spontaneous rice seedling that destroys.

3. control wild rice generation technique according to claim 1,5-7 bubble in the sky fields prior to seeding, rotary tillage in soaked environment, whole ground, the soaked field time guarantees 5-7 days, the grain of rice that makes to remain in last year in native Barren cannot normally germinate under the condition of anoxic, realizes vexed kind (bud).

4. control direct sowing rice field autogeny rice method for generation according to claim 1 can carry out Direct-seeding Rice cultivation same Tanaka year after year, continues to realize saving of labor, abridged edition, volume increase, synergy.