CN103739038A - Forward osmosis sea water desalination system - Google Patents
Forward osmosis sea water desalination system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103739038A CN103739038A CN201310730276.0A CN201310730276A CN103739038A CN 103739038 A CN103739038 A CN 103739038A CN 201310730276 A CN201310730276 A CN 201310730276A CN 103739038 A CN103739038 A CN 103739038A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forward osmosis sea water desalination system which comprises a forward osmosis device, a hydraulic turbine, a speed increaser, a pressure transducer, a heat pump system, a turbine generator and an absorption tower. According to the forward osmosis sea water desalination system, a drawing solution absorbs water molecules through the forwards osmosis device and obtains osmosis energy, and redundant osmosis energy is output through the hydraulic turbine to drive the heat pump system to work. A solute of the drawing solution volatilizes steam or is thermally decomposed into a gas after absorbing heat in a condenser of the heat pump system, and drives the turbine generator to generate electricity. A fresh water solution obtained after separation of the drawing solution releases heat in an evaporator of the heat pump system to form cooling water, one part of cooling water enters an absorbing tower for spraying, and absorbing steam and gas to re-generate a concentrated drawing solution, and the other part of cooling water is output as product water. The forward osmosis sea water desalination system has the characteristics of high osmosis energy utilization rate, low energy consumption of a device, wide application range and the like, is greatly promoted in an application progress of a forward osmosis technology in the field of sea water desalination, and is wide in application prospect in the future development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seawater or technique of desalinating saline water field, particularly relate to a kind of positive penetration sea water desalinization system.
Background technology
Seawater or brackish water desalination are the effective strategy approaches that solves shortage of fresh water problem, and how realizing at low cost desalt and desalination is the On Key Scientific And that people pay close attention to.Method for desalting seawater is mainly hot method (multiple-effect evaporation, multistage flash evaporation, pressure steam distillation) and embrane method (reverse osmosis, electrodialysis) at present.Because hot method desalination is phase transition process, generally need heating, energy consumption is relatively high, and reverse osmosis method technological process is simple, and energy consumption is lower, and therefore reverse osmosis method has obtained development faster and application more widely in recent years.Although reverse osmosis method is ripe gradually at present, but still there is film high cost, the defects such as the water rate of recovery is lower, and present stage is just in developing positive osmose process, directly to utilize the permeable pressure head of film both sides solution as impellent, there is feature low to mould material requirement, that the water rate of recovery is high, therefore possess significant advantage with reverse osmosis method contrast, likely become in the near future the new way of desalt and desalination.
At present to move towards the draw liquid that practical application needs the preparation that the gordian technique of solution is mainly high-performance forward osmosis membrane badly and create economical and efficient be two aspects to positive osmose process.The draw liquid of economical and efficient is not only to require to draw liquid high osmotic pressure can be provided and can easily separate or concentrate to obtain pure water, and liquid separation is drawn in requirement or concentration technology process is simple, and energy consumption is low.At present the most representative is the positive penetration sea water desalinization technology of Yale's exploitation, this technology is using ammonium salt solution as drawing liquid, the liquid that draws after dilution is heated to certain temperature (about 60 ℃ of left and right), thereby ammonium salt is broken down into ammonia and carbonic acid gas obtain product water separation with water, more isolated ammonia and carbonic acid gas are incorporated and in water coolant, can obtain ammonium salt solution and carry out recycle.This technology realizes the separation of product water and the recycle of solute by the volatilize method of condensation of heat, but still there is following shortcoming: the one, need to provide heat to drive by the external world, range of application is restricted, relate in addition the coupling with heat supply system, easily cause investment to strengthen, the problems such as running cost increase; The 2nd, extraneous thermal source is generally renewable energy source or low grade heat energy, capacity usage ratio is not high, the heat recovery rate that adds product water low temperature exhaust heat is low, must cause the problem that whole system energy consumption is higher, seriously undermine the advantage that positive penetration sea water desalinization principle itself has less energy-consumption, made the positive infiltration technology not possess power savings advantages compared with reverse osmosis technology or thermal distillation technology.Therefore this technology is also immature at present, and the energy system that still needs further optimization to draw liquid could obtain significant economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of energy consumption low, make full use of positive penetration sea water desalinization system self osmotic pressure, that do not need extraneous thermal source heating.
The object of the invention is to be realized by following technical scheme:
The present invention is a kind of positive penetration sea water desalinization system, and it comprises positive permeator, water turbine, speed-increasing gear, pressure converter, heat pump, turbo-generator, absorption tower.
Described positive permeator draw that the high pressure of liquid entrance by pipeline and pressure converter is concentrated to be drawn liquid outlet and be connected, the liquid outlet conduit that draws of positive permeator is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the water inlet pipe of water turbine, and another road arm draws liquid entrance with the high pressure dilution of pressure converter and is connected.
It is a pipeline that the dilution of the draft tube of described water turbine and the low pressure of pressure converter draws that liquid outlet conduit converges, and this converges pipeline and is connected with the shell side entrance of the condenser of heat pump; Water turbine is coaxially connected with the main compressor of heat pump by speed-increasing gear.
The low pressure of described pressure converter is concentrated to be drawn liquid entrance and is connected with the taphole on absorption tower by pipeline.
Described heat pump is comprised of vaporizer, main compressor, auxiliary compressor, condenser, throttling valve and many pipelines and forms a working medium circulation loop; The shell side outlet of described condenser is connected with the tube side entrance of vaporizer by pipeline, and the tube side outlet of condenser is connected and on this pipeline, throttling valve is installed with the shell side entrance of vaporizer by pipeline; The tube side outlet of described vaporizer is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the nozzle on absorption tower, the external output products water of another road arm; The top of described condenser arranges vapour outlet, and this vapour outlet is connected with the steam inlet on absorption tower by pipeline, and arranges turbo-generator at the pipe interior near absorption tower steam inlet.
The top of described absorption tower inner chamber is provided with nozzle, and the packing layer consisting of porous material is arranged in the internal space, upper strata on absorption tower, and the sidewall on absorption tower is provided with steam inlet, and the bottom on absorption tower is provided with taphole.
Described draw liquid select by nontoxic, have high-volatile or there is the liquid that draws that solute high Thermo-sensitive dissolubility difference or that thermolysis is gas completely forms.
Adopt after such scheme, the present invention has following feature:
One, osmotic energy utilization ratio is high.In the present invention, draw and when liquid is diluted by water molecules by forward osmosis membrane sepn process, obtain stable osmotic energy, wherein a part of osmotic energy provides the power that draws liquid continuous firing by pressure converter, unnecessary osmotic energy is used for driving turbine acting, then by the steady running of turbine drives heat pump, is completed separation and the recycling technique of drawing liquid.From above-mentioned technological process, the present invention had both utilized positive process of osmosis to carry out water molecules separation, took full advantage of again the osmotic energy producing in positive process of osmosis, and made osmotic energy obtain the utilization of economical and efficient by heat pump.
Two, plant energy consumption is very low.Separation and the recycling technique of in the present invention, drawing liquid realize by heat pump, because the temperature difference between the evaporation of heat pump and condensation is less, heating efficiency is higher, therefore the mechanical work consuming is smaller, therefore heat pump can and draw by seawater the osmotic pressure forming between liquid and drives, and does not need to add extraneous thermal source or ambient pressure energy.If the osmotic energy that positive process of osmosis produces is enough large, whole sea water desalinating plant does not need outside energy completely, has realized the working condition of " zero energy consumption ".If select draw liquid and be difficult to meet required osmotic pressure time, also only need a small amount of electric energy to drive auxiliary compressor normally to work.Therefore the present invention does not need extraneous other energy or only needs a small amount of electric energy, have plant energy consumption low, with can single feature easily.
Three, applied range.Technological process of the present invention has formed the circulating system of a sealing, whole system only has necessary seawater input terminus, sewer output terminal and fresh water output terminal to be connected with the external world, do not need extraneous thermal source, do not need water coolant, only need a small amount of electric energy to be used for driving small-sized auxiliary compressor and other technique water pumps.Because utilization of the present invention is drawn evaporation or thermal decomposition process and the condensation of liquid solute or is absorbed the steam pressure difference promotion turbo-generator acting generating producing between process, externally the electric energy of output can provide native system required all or part of electric energy.Therefore the present invention lacks or is difficult to the place of utilization and even island or the side area that electric power lacks applicable to water resources shortage, the energy, has the feature of applied range.
In sum, the present invention has the features such as osmotic energy utilization ratio is high, plant energy consumption is low, wide accommodation, has greatly advanced the application process of positive infiltration technology in sea water desaltination field, in future development, has a good application prospect.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further illustrated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is positive penetration sea water desalinization system, and it comprises positive permeator 1, water turbine 2, speed-increasing gear 3, pressure converter 4, heat pump 5, turbo-generator 6, absorption tower 7.
Described positive permeator 1 draw that the high pressure of liquid entrance 11 by pipeline and pressure converter 4 is concentrated to be drawn liquid outlet 41 and be connected, the liquid outlet conduit 12 that draws of positive permeator 1 is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the water inlet pipe 21 of water turbine 2, and another road arm draws liquid entrance 42 with the high pressure dilution of pressure converter 4 and is connected.
It is a pipeline that the dilution of the draft tube 22 of described water turbine 2 and the low pressure of pressure converter 4 draws that liquid outlet conduit 43 converges, and this converges pipeline and is connected with the shell side entrance 541 of the condenser 54 of heat pump 5; Water turbine 2 is coaxially connected with the main compressor 52 of heat pump 5 by speed-increasing gear 3.
The low pressure of described pressure converter 4 is concentrated to be drawn liquid entrance 44 and is connected with the taphole 74 on absorption tower 7 by pipeline.
Described heat pump 5 is comprised of vaporizer 51, main compressor 52, auxiliary compressor 53, condenser 54, throttling valve 55 and many pipelines and forms a circulation loop; The shell side outlet 542 of the condenser 54 of heat pump 5 is connected with the tube side entrance 511 of the vaporizer 51 of heat pump 5 by pipeline, and the tube side entrance 545 of condenser 54 is connected with auxiliary compressor 53 by pipeline; The tube side outlet 544 of described condenser 54 is connected with the shell side entrance 513 of vaporizer 51 by pipeline, and throttling valve 55 is installed on this pipeline; The shell side outlet 514 of vaporizer 51 is connected with main compressor 52 by pipeline; The tube side outlet 512 of the vaporizer 51 of described heat pump 5 is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the nozzle 71 on absorption tower 7, another road arm output products water; The top of the condenser 54 of heat pump 5 arranges vapour outlet 543, and this vapour outlet 543 is connected with the steam inlet 73 on absorption tower 7 by pipeline, and arranges turbo-generator 6 at the pipe interior near absorption tower 7 steam inlets 73.
The top of described absorption tower 7 inner chambers is provided with nozzle 71, and the packing layer 72 consisting of porous material is arranged in the internal space, upper strata on absorption tower 7, and the sidewall on absorption tower 7 is provided with steam inlet 73, and the bottom on absorption tower 7 is provided with taphole 74.
Principle of work of the present invention:
As shown in Figure 1, in the inventive example, draw liquid select by nontoxic, have high-volatile or there is the liquid that draws that solute Thermo-sensitive dissolubility difference or that thermolysis is gas completely forms.Seawater H and concentrated draw liquid and enter respectively positive permeator 1 from both sides, the water molecules in seawater HS sees through forward osmosis membrane under driving and enters into and draw liquid side at seawater and the concentrated permeable pressure head forming between liquid that draws, and concentrated seawater is exhausted from system.The concentrated liquid that draws absorbs water molecules and becomes dilution and draw liquid and obtain osmotic energy simultaneously, dilution is drawn liquid and is flowed out and be divided into two-way from positive permeator 1, the pressure converter 4 of leading up to draws transmission ofenergy liquid the power of its continuous firing is provided to concentrated, and the water turbine 2 of separately leading up to normally moves heat pump for main compressor 52 work that drive heat pump 5 unnecessary osmotic energy output.Finish the dilution of two-way after merit and draw liquid and again merge together the condenser 54 that enters heat pump 5 and absorb the thermal discharge of working medium condensation process.Draw after the heat absorption of solute in liquid volatilization completely become steam or completely thermolysis become gas, steam or gas enter by pipeline the water that is cooled in absorption tower 7 and absorb again to form completely and concentratedly draw liquid, and utilize steam or gas because the pressure reduction drive turbo-generator 6 that volatilization or thermal decomposition process and condensation or the process that is absorbed form generates electricity.Draw that liquid volatilizees completely or thermolysis after the fresh water solution that forms vaporizer 51 releases heats that enter heat pump 5 become water coolant.Part water coolant enters in absorption tower 7 and sprays, and forms the concentrated liquid that draws at interior steam or the gas absorbing completely after acting of packing layer 72, and the concentrated liquid that draws reenters positive permeator 1 by pressure converter 4 and completes and draw liquid closed cycle; Another part water coolant is exported as product fresh water DS.
The above, it is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the layout of each pipeline can have various ways, therefore can not limit scope of the invention process with this, the equivalence of doing according to the present patent application the scope of the claims and description changes and modifies, and all should still remain within the scope of the patent.
Claims (2)
1. a positive penetration sea water desalinization system, is characterized in that: it comprises positive permeator, water turbine, speed-increasing gear, pressure converter, heat pump, turbo-generator, absorption tower;
Described positive permeator draw that the high pressure of liquid entrance by pipeline and pressure converter is concentrated to be drawn liquid outlet and be connected, the liquid outlet conduit that draws of positive permeator is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the water inlet pipe of water turbine, and another road arm draws liquid entrance with the high pressure dilution of pressure converter and is connected; It is a pipeline that the dilution of the draft tube of described water turbine and the low pressure of pressure converter draws that liquid outlet conduit converges, and this converges pipeline and is connected with the shell side entrance of the condenser of heat pump; Water turbine is coaxially connected with the main compressor of heat pump by speed-increasing gear; The low pressure of described pressure converter is concentrated to be drawn liquid entrance and is connected with the taphole on absorption tower by pipeline;
Described heat pump is comprised of vaporizer, main compressor, auxiliary compressor, condenser, throttling valve and many pipelines and forms a working medium circulation loop; The shell side outlet of described condenser is connected with the tube side entrance of vaporizer by pipeline, and the tube side outlet of condenser is connected and on this pipeline, throttling valve is installed with the shell side entrance of vaporizer by pipeline; The tube side outlet of described vaporizer is divided into two-way: a road arm is connected with the nozzle on absorption tower, the external output products water of another road arm; The top of described condenser arranges vapour outlet, and this vapour outlet is connected with the steam inlet on absorption tower by pipeline, and arranges turbo-generator at the pipe interior near absorption tower steam inlet.
2. positive penetration sea water desalinization system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the top of described absorption tower inner chamber is provided with nozzle, the packing layer consisting of porous material is arranged in the internal space, upper strata on absorption tower, the sidewall on absorption tower is provided with steam inlet, and the bottom on absorption tower is provided with taphole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310730276.0A CN103739038B (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | Forward osmosis sea water desalination system |
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| CN201310730276.0A CN103739038B (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | Forward osmosis sea water desalination system |
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| CN103739038A true CN103739038A (en) | 2014-04-23 |
| CN103739038B CN103739038B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104386871A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-04 | 马涛 | Secondary bio-chemical effluent desalting system for energy-saving wastewater treatment plant and treating method of secondary bio-chemical effluent desalting system |
| CN104402092A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | Energy-saving comprehensive chemical wastewater deep treatment system and treatment method thereof |
| CN104402160A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | Energy-saving coal chemical engineering wastewater deep treatment system and treatment method thereof |
| CN104402161A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | Energy-saving petrochemical engineering wastewater deep treatment system and treatment method thereof |
| CN104803448A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-29 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Forward osmosis treatment method of wastewater with high salinity and high organic matter concentration |
| CN111186949A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-22 | 西安交通大学 | Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination and pressure delay permeation salt difference power generation coupling system and operation method |
| CN111573948A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-25 | 山东建筑大学 | Zero-emission fracturing flow-back fluid treatment system and adjusting method thereof |
| US11014834B2 (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2021-05-25 | Conocophillips | Osmotic concentration of produced and process water using hollow fiber membrane |
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| CN102765768A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-11-07 | 湖南创化低碳环保科技有限公司 | Device and method for improving sea water desalinization efficiency through heat pump |
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Patent Citations (3)
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| US20110108484A1 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2011-05-12 | I.D.E. Technologies Ltd. | Method of improving performance of a reverse osmosis system for seawater desalination, and modified reverse osmosis system obtained thereby |
| CN102765768A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-11-07 | 湖南创化低碳环保科技有限公司 | Device and method for improving sea water desalinization efficiency through heat pump |
| CN103437840A (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2013-12-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Permeation boosting heat-power conversion circulating device |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104386871A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-04 | 马涛 | Secondary bio-chemical effluent desalting system for energy-saving wastewater treatment plant and treating method of secondary bio-chemical effluent desalting system |
| CN104402092A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | Energy-saving comprehensive chemical wastewater deep treatment system and treatment method thereof |
| CN104402160A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | Energy-saving coal chemical engineering wastewater deep treatment system and treatment method thereof |
| CN104402161A (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2015-03-11 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | Energy-saving petrochemical engineering wastewater deep treatment system and treatment method thereof |
| CN104402160B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-07-06 | 山东省环科院环境工程有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving coal wastewater from chemical industry advanced treatment system and processing method thereof |
| CN104803448A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-29 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Forward osmosis treatment method of wastewater with high salinity and high organic matter concentration |
| US11014834B2 (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2021-05-25 | Conocophillips | Osmotic concentration of produced and process water using hollow fiber membrane |
| CN111186949A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-22 | 西安交通大学 | Multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination and pressure delay permeation salt difference power generation coupling system and operation method |
| CN111573948A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-25 | 山东建筑大学 | Zero-emission fracturing flow-back fluid treatment system and adjusting method thereof |
| CN111573948B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2022-02-01 | 山东建筑大学 | Zero-emission fracturing flow-back fluid treatment system and adjusting method thereof |
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