CN103718819A - Planting method free of plastic film mulching, soil preparation, bedding and ridging for potatoes in circulating mode - Google Patents
Planting method free of plastic film mulching, soil preparation, bedding and ridging for potatoes in circulating mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN103718819A CN103718819A CN201410019189.9A CN201410019189A CN103718819A CN 103718819 A CN103718819 A CN 103718819A CN 201410019189 A CN201410019189 A CN 201410019189A CN 103718819 A CN103718819 A CN 103718819A
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- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 title abstract 2
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 150000003868 ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000209202 Bromus secalinus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009332 manuring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940033663 thimerosal Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002015 leaf growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010198 maturation time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method free of plastic film mulching, soil preparation, bedding and ridging for potatoes in a circulating mode. The planting method is characterized by comprising variety selecting, seed potato processing, soil preparation, preheating and moisture regaining, seeding, wheat straw mat covering, fertilization, seedling emerging and freeze protection, seedling management and water management, wherein the soil preparation comprises the steps of ploughing soil in a first year and applying a mixed fertilizer of stable manure and a black ammonium compound fertilizer, preheating and moisture regaining are conducted ten to fifteen days before planting, and after water is sprayed to the soil, the soil is covered with a wheat straw curtain; fertilization comprises a base fertilizer stage and a topdressing stage; seedling emerging and freeze protection are conducted about fifteen days after seeding, the wheat straw curtain is removed to avoid the situation that seedlings cannot expose out of the soil due to the fact that the seedlings are pressed, the seedlings expose out of the soil in about twenty days, seedling freezing should be avoided at the moment, the seedlings can be covered with the wheat straw curtain at night, but it is noticed that the seedlings cannot be heavily pressed, and when the seedlings grow to 10cm, it is unnecessary to avoid seedling freezing. By means of the planting method, labor input is reduced, economic efficiency is improved, meanwhile use of mulching films difficult to degrade is avoided, and therefore the planting method is economical and protects the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind ofly to exempt from plastic mulching, exempt from the bedding of whole ground, exempt from whole ground ridging and insulation, breathe freely, stay water material can follow the implantation methods of the potato of multiple use, belong to potato planting technical field, specifically a kind of three implantation methods of exempting to follow compound potato.
Background technology
Potato is annual herb plant, because it is of high nutritive value, adaptive faculty is strong, output is large, is the third-largest important cereal crops in the whole world, and its property happiness cools, and is suitable for northern area plantation.Because the underground potato piece of potato forms and loose ventilative, the damp soil environment of feeling nice and cool of growth needs, therefore respectively different to some extent to the requirement of temperature, the thermophilic of tuber growth is 16 ℃～18 ℃, and when temperature is during higher than 25 ℃, stem tuber stops growing; The thermophilic of cauline leaf growth is 15 ℃～25 ℃, exceedes 39 ℃ and stops growing, so only have, meets the potato particular growth behavioural characteristic in period, could obtain higher economic benefit.
Since potato is imported China into, the weather conditions of its biological nature and China are organically combined, make it at China's establishing in large scale, become one of China's five large staple foods.Going deep into and accelerating along with China's reform and opening-up, the planting technology of potato also walks with world's pace, according to related data, China's potato seed planting technology has traditional cultivation method, mulching planting method, the bedding of whole ground straw mulching plant method, whole ground ridging straw mulching plant method and the most advanced detoxication and tissue culture implantation methods at present.Wherein, conventional method, for broadcasting front soil deeptillage, flattening, applies base fertilizer simultaneously, then digs bunch planting kind potato, then earthing compacting; Mulching planting method is on traditional basis, adopts mulching planting region; The bedding of whole ground straw mulching plant method are on the basis of mulching planting method, by the whole field furrow type structure of making, after plantation potato, with straw, substitute plastic mulching field; Whole ground ridging straw mulching plant method are by the whole field ridging of doing, and potato planting, on ridge, is then adopted to straw or plastic mulching; Detoxification tissue culture method is after potato seed detoxification, through tissue, to cultivate and to make seedling, then to plant in large Tanaka.Through practical experience, show, traditional cultivation method yields poorly, and product stature volume is little, can not effectively obtain higher economic benefit; Due to the call of national environmental protection economy in recent years, plastic mulching film used can not be degraded, and after potato harvest, mulch film huddles to leave about and causes environmental pollution, should avoid the use of mulch film as far as possible; The bedding of whole ground and whole ground ridging all adopt straw to cover, drop into labour on the one hand large wholely, cause cost high, if straw covers and meets strong wind weather on the other hand, can make straw disorderly fly with the wind, not only make coverage rate dwindle, and cause straw environmental problem, while reclaiming straw, workload is also large and can not recycle simultaneously; Although potato detoxicating tissue culture technology output is high, income is large, cost is higher, can not extensively popularize.
The present invention is directed to the problem that above-mentioned potato planting exists, proposed a kind of three implantation methods of exempting to follow compound potato, solve existing deficiency in existing potato seed method for planting.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of three implantation methods of exempting to follow compound potato, adopt traditional cultivation method, with the thin straw screen or mat mulching plant field of wheat straw establishment, the strict potato temperature and humidity in each of effectively controlling in period, realize cost of investment low, be easy to penetration and promotion, object that output is high.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Three exempt to follow an implantation methods for compound potato, comprise the following steps:
(1) kind is selected: conventionally select that short, strong adaptability in vegetative period, potato piece expand, the improved seeds of the early-maturing variety of strong stress resistance, disease-resistant high yield high-quality, as No. five, Zheng's potato, No. six, Zheng's potato, Henan potato No., No. two, No. one, detoxification etc.;
(2) potato seed processing: sow first 5～7 days and soak seed with thimerosal, stripping and slicing again, vernalization, treats that the long lcm of bud broadcasts at present, potato piece use after stripping and slicing is equivalent to the flyash of potato piece gross weight 3% and 2% ash is mixed all, then start vernalization, its method is the vernalization of digging pit at outdoor place, ventilation Chaoyang, cheats dark 25～30cm, one deck mixes up field soil one deck kind piece of organic manure, be advisable for 2 layers, then use wheat straw curtain to cover, can add a cover the insulation of wheat straw curtain night;
(3) wholely: after sowing is turned over field in the year before last winter, use barnyard manure, wherein take the mixing composite fertilizer of pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung as basis, add after adding ?ammonium compound fertilizer and impose on Tian Tuzhong, described pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung take and the interpolation proportioning of ?ammonium compound fertilizer as 3:1:1:0.2; Sowing is digged before broadcasting then again, and artificial or mechanical work makes field without crossing large clod, waits to broadcast after smooth;
(4) pre-temperature moisture regain: sow front 10～15 days, water to spraying in field, water too much unsuitable, make field soil just wetting, then adopt wheat straw curtain covering field soil to make its warm moisture regain in advance;
(5) sowing: the sowing time is for the ventilative Spring Equinox is to clear and bright period, before broadcasting, remove wheat straw curtain, then dig under cave and broadcast, cave is apart from caning be controlled in 20cm, it is characterized in that: the ash that spreads one deck 0.5～1cm during sowing in kind of plant hole, after putting down potato seed pieces, spread again a small amount of fine sand, finally with soil, cover compacting;
(6) wheat straw curtain covers: after seeding and fertilizing, ready wheat straw curtain is covered to whole growing surface, press gently skim fine earth after the water of evenly splashing;
(7) fertilising: basal dressing: during the sowing manuring the year before last, its barnyard manure consumption be every mu execute 1350～1650 kilograms described of mixing barnyard manure and 30～40 Gong Jin ?ammonium compound fertilizer, its method is that described mixing barnyard manure is applied in Tian Tuzhong together with composite fertilizer, the rear leveling of turning over; 2. topdress: according to potato growing way situation, should suitably topdress, it topdresses mainly take composite fertilizer as main, its method is that fertilizer is placed on to potato seed central authorities or far away apart from 5～8 centimetres of potato pieces, digs out a pitting and applies composite fertilizer;
(8) the antifreeze and seedling management of emerging: after planting about 15 days, remove wheat straw curtain in case seedling is pressed and can not reveal soil, about 20 days, there is seedling to reveal soil, now should prevent from freezing seedling, can cover night with wheat straw curtain, but note can not weight seedling, until seedling, grows to 10cm when high, without antifreeze seedling again, therefore reclaim wheat straw curtain in order to reusing;
(9) water management: should not water the early stage of potato growth, is fond of Hua Houzai and waters, if day drought is without rain, can water once every 15～20 days, to guarantee sufficient moisture, gathers in the crops and stops watering for first 10 days.
Compared with existing potato seed planting technology, the implantation methods that the present invention three exempts to follow compound potato has following beneficial effect:
(1) adopt wheat straw curtain to substitute mulch film or straw, recyclable Reusability, the present invention simultaneously drops into reduce work without plastic mulching, the bedding of whole ground, whole ground ridging, can reduce costs the use of also avoiding difficult degradation plastics, economic environmental protection;
(2) pre-temperature moisture regain and under broadcast rear employings wheat straw curtain mulching plant field, make lower sowing time soil temperature suitable, accelerate emerge and improve emergence rate, and broadcast under can suitably doing sth. in advance, shift to an earlier date harvest time, increases economic efficiency;
(3) adopt ash to broadcast under filling out behind cave, effectively prevention and elimination of disease and pests generation, reduces the loss, and improves soil pH-value, makes soil condition be able to be applicable to emerging.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with instantiation, technical scheme of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Three exempt to follow an implantation methods for compound potato, comprise the following steps:
(1) kind is selected: conventionally select that short, strong adaptability in vegetative period, potato piece expand, the improved seeds of the early-maturing variety of strong stress resistance, disease-resistant high yield high-quality, that this example is selected is precocious, No. five, Zheng's potato of high yield;
(2) potato seed processing: sow first 5 days and soak seed with thimerosal, stripping and slicing again, vernalization, treats that the long lcm of bud broadcasts at present, potato piece use after stripping and slicing is equivalent to the flyash of potato piece gross weight 3% and 2% ash is mixed all, then start vernalization, its method is the vernalization of digging pit at outdoor place, ventilation Chaoyang, cheats dark 25cm, one deck mixes up field soil one deck kind piece of organic manure, be advisable for 2 layers, then use wheat straw curtain to cover, can add a cover the insulation of wheat straw curtain night;
(3) wholely: after sowing is turned over field in the year before last winter, use barnyard manure, wherein take the mixing composite fertilizer of pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung as basis, add after adding ?ammonium compound fertilizer and impose on Tian Tuzhong, described pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung take and the interpolation proportioning of ?ammonium compound fertilizer as 3:1:1:0.2; Sowing is digged before broadcasting then again, and artificial or mechanical work makes field without crossing large clod, waits to broadcast after smooth;
(4) pre-temperature moisture regain: sow first 10 days, water to spraying in field, water too much unsuitable, make field soil just wetting, then adopt wheat straw curtain to cover field soil and make its pre-warm moisture regain;
(5) sowing: this example sowing time is clear and bright first 10 days, removes wheat straw curtain before broadcasting, and then digs under cave and broadcasts, cave is apart from caning be controlled in 20cm, during sowing, in kind of plant hole, spread the ash of one deck 0.5cm, spread again a small amount of fine sand after putting down potato seed pieces, finally with soil, cover compacting;
(6) wheat straw curtain covers: after seeding and fertilizing, ready wheat straw curtain is covered to whole growing surface, press gently skim fine earth after the water of evenly splashing;
(7) fertilising: 1. basal dressing: during the sowing manuring the year before last, its barnyard manure consumption be every mu execute 1350 kilograms described of mixing barnyard manure and 35 Gong Jin ?ammonium compound fertilizer, its method is that described mixing barnyard manure is applied in Tian Tuzhong together with composite fertilizer, the rear leveling of turning over; 2. topdress: according to potato growing way situation, should suitably topdress, it topdresses mainly take composite fertilizer as main, its method is that fertilizer is placed on to potato seed central authorities or far away apart from potato piece 5cm, digs out a pitting and applies composite fertilizer;
(8) the antifreeze and seedling management of emerging: after planting about 15 days, remove wheat straw curtain in case seedling is pressed and can not reveal soil, about 20 days, there is seedling to reveal soil, now should prevent from freezing seedling, can cover night with wheat straw curtain, but note can not weight seedling, until seedling, grows to 10cm when high, without antifreeze seedling again, therefore reclaim wheat straw curtain in order to reusing;
(9) water management: should not water the early stage of potato growth, is fond of Hua Houzai and waters, if day drought is without rain, can water once every 15 days, to guarantee sufficient moisture, plants about 60 days maturations, gathers in the crops and stops watering for first 10 days.
Embodiment 2
(1) kind is selected: conventionally select that short, strong adaptability in vegetative period, potato piece expand, the improved seeds of the early-maturing variety of strong stress resistance, disease-resistant high yield high-quality, this example is selected potato seed of detoxification;
(2) potato seed processing: sow first 6 days and soak seed with thimerosal, stripping and slicing again, vernalization, treats that the long lcm of bud broadcasts at present, potato piece use after stripping and slicing is equivalent to the flyash of potato piece gross weight 3% and 2% ash is mixed all, then start vernalization, its method is the vernalization of digging pit at outdoor place, ventilation Chaoyang, cheats dark 28cm, one deck mixes up field soil one deck kind piece of organic manure, be advisable for 2 layers, then use wheat straw curtain to cover, can add a cover the insulation of wheat straw curtain night;
(3) wholely: after sowing is turned over field in the year before last winter, use barnyard manure, wherein take the mixing composite fertilizer of pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung as basis, add after adding ?ammonium compound fertilizer and impose on Tian Tuzhong, described pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung take and the interpolation proportioning of ?ammonium compound fertilizer as 3:1:1:0.2; Sowing is digged before broadcasting then again, and artificial or mechanical work makes field without crossing large clod, waits to broadcast after smooth;
(4) pre-temperature moisture regain: sow first 12 days, water to spraying in field, water too much unsuitable, make field soil just wetting, then adopt wheat straw curtain to cover field soil and make its pre-warm moisture regain;
(5) sowing: the sowing time is clear and bright first 15 days, removes wheat straw curtain before broadcasting, and then digs under cave and broadcasts, cave is apart from caning be controlled in 20cm, during sowing, in kind of plant hole, spread the ash of one deck 0.8cm, spread again a small amount of fine sand after putting down potato seed pieces, finally with soil, cover compacting;
(6) wheat straw curtain covers: after seeding and fertilizing, ready wheat straw curtain is covered to whole growing surface, press gently skim fine earth after the water of evenly splashing;
(7) fertilising: 1. basal dressing: during the sowing manuring the year before last, its barnyard manure consumption be every mu execute 1500 kilograms described of mixing barnyard manure and 35 Gong Jin ?ammonium compound fertilizer, its method is that described mixing barnyard manure is applied in Tian Tuzhong together with composite fertilizer, the rear leveling of turning over; 2. topdress: according to potato growing way situation, should suitably topdress, it topdresses mainly take composite fertilizer as main, its method is that fertilizer is placed on to potato seed central authorities or far away apart from 5～8 centimetres of potato pieces, digs out a pitting and applies composite fertilizer;
(8) the antifreeze and seedling management of emerging: after planting about 15 days, remove wheat straw curtain in case seedling is pressed and can not reveal soil, about 20 days, there is seedling to reveal soil, now should prevent from freezing seedling, can cover night with wheat straw curtain, but note can not weight seedling, until seedling, grows to 10cm when high, without antifreeze seedling again, therefore reclaim wheat straw curtain in order to reusing;
(9) water management: should not water the early stage of potato growth, is fond of Hua Houzai and waters, if day drought is without rain, can water once every 18 days, to guarantee sufficient moisture, ripe about 60 days, gathers in the crops and stops watering for first 10 days.
Embodiment 3
Three exempt to follow an implantation methods for compound potato, comprise the following steps:
(1) kind is selected: conventionally select that short, strong adaptability in vegetative period, potato piece expand, the improved seeds of the early-maturing variety of strong stress resistance, disease-resistant high yield high-quality, this example is selected Henan potato No. one;
(2) potato seed processing: sow first 5～7 days and soak seed with thimerosal, stripping and slicing again, vernalization, treats that the long lcm of bud broadcasts at present, potato piece use after stripping and slicing is equivalent to the flyash of potato piece gross weight 3% and 2% ash is mixed all, then start vernalization, its method is the vernalization of digging pit at outdoor place, ventilation Chaoyang, cheats dark 30cm, one deck mixes up field soil one deck kind piece of organic manure, be advisable for 2 layers, then use wheat straw curtain to cover, can add a cover the insulation of wheat straw curtain night;
(3) wholely: after sowing is turned over field in the year before last winter, use barnyard manure, wherein take the mixing composite fertilizer of pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung as basis, add after adding ?ammonium compound fertilizer and impose on Tian Tuzhong, described pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung take and the interpolation proportioning of ?ammonium compound fertilizer as 3:1:1:0.2; Sowing is digged before broadcasting then again, and artificial or mechanical work makes field without crossing large clod, waits to broadcast after smooth;
(4) pre-temperature moisture regain: sow first 15 days, water to spraying in field, water too much unsuitable, make field soil just wetting, then adopt wheat straw curtain to cover field soil and make its pre-warm moisture regain;
(5) sowing: the sowing time be clear and bright first 25 days, removes wheat straw curtain before broadcasting, then digs under cave and broadcasts, and the ash of one deck 1cm, apart from caning be controlled in 20cm, is spread in cave in kind of plant hole during sowing, spreads a small amount of fine sand after putting down potato seed pieces, finally with soil covering compacting again;
(6) wheat straw curtain covers: after seeding and fertilizing, ready wheat straw curtain is covered to whole growing surface, press gently skim fine earth after the water of evenly splashing;
(7) fertilising: 1. basal dressing: during the sowing manuring the year before last, its barnyard manure consumption be every mu execute 1650 kilograms described of mixing barnyard manure and 40 Gong Jin ?ammonium compound fertilizer, its method is that described mixing barnyard manure is applied in Tian Tuzhong together with composite fertilizer, the rear leveling of turning over; 2. topdress: according to potato growing way situation, should suitably topdress, it topdresses mainly take composite fertilizer as main, its method is that fertilizer is placed on to potato seed central authorities or far away apart from 5～8 centimetres of potato pieces, digs out a pitting and applies composite fertilizer;
(8) the antifreeze and seedling management of emerging: after planting about 15 days, remove wheat straw curtain in case seedling is pressed and can not reveal soil, about 20 days, there is seedling to reveal soil, now should prevent from freezing seedling, can cover night with wheat straw curtain, but note can not weight seedling, until seedling, grows to 10cm when high, without antifreeze seedling again, therefore reclaim wheat straw curtain in order to reusing;
(9) water management: should not water the early stage of potato growth, is fond of Hua Houzai and waters, if day drought is without rain, can water once every 20 days, to guarantee sufficient moisture, plants about 60 days maturations, gathers in the crops and stops watering for first 10 days.
Adopt the Case Experiments On A of technical solution of the present invention plantation potato to show, output improves 25～35%, every mu while saving labour cost 60～80 hours, 1500～2200 yuan of mu synergy, the effect of increasing income is fairly obvious, and has greatly shifted to an earlier date maturation time, has obtained better economic benefit.
Claims (1)
1. three implantation methods of exempting to follow compound potato, specifically exempt from plastic mulching, exempt from the bedding of whole ground, exempt from whole ground ridging and insulation, breathe freely, stay water material can follow the implantation methods of the potato of multiple use, it is characterized in that: comprise following concrete steps:
(1) kind is selected: conventionally select that short, strong adaptability in vegetative period, potato piece expand, the improved seeds of the early-maturing variety of strong stress resistance, disease-resistant high yield high-quality, as No. five, Zheng's potato, No. six, Zheng's potato, Henan potato No., No. two, No. one, detoxification etc.;
(2) potato seed processing: sow first 5～7 days and soak seed with thimerosal, stripping and slicing again, vernalization, treats that the long lcm of bud broadcasts at present, potato piece use after stripping and slicing is equivalent to the flyash of potato piece gross weight 3% and 2% ash is mixed all, then start vernalization, its method is the vernalization of digging pit at outdoor place, ventilation Chaoyang, cheats dark 25～30cm, one deck mixes up field soil one deck kind piece of organic manure, be advisable for 2 layers, then use wheat straw curtain to cover, can add a cover the insulation of wheat straw curtain night;
(3) wholely: after sowing is turned over field in the year before last winter, use barnyard manure, wherein take the mixing composite fertilizer of pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung as basis, add after adding ?ammonium compound fertilizer and impose on Tian Tuzhong, described pig manure, chicken manure, cow dung take and the interpolation proportioning of ?ammonium compound fertilizer as 3:1:1:0.2; Sowing is digged before broadcasting then again, and artificial or mechanical work makes field without crossing large clod, waits to broadcast after smooth;
(4) pre-temperature moisture regain: sow front 10～15 days, water to spraying in field, water too much unsuitable, make field soil just wetting, then adopt wheat straw curtain covering field soil to make its warm moisture regain in advance;
(5) sowing: the sowing time, for the ventilative Spring Equinox is to clear and bright period, removes wheat straw curtain before broadcasting, then dig under cave and broadcast, cave is apart from caning be controlled in 20cm, during sowing, in kind of plant hole, spread the ash of one deck 0.5～1cm, spread again a small amount of fine sand after putting down potato seed pieces, finally with soil, cover compacting;
(6) wheat straw curtain covers: after seeding and fertilizing, ready wheat straw curtain is covered to whole growing surface, press gently skim fine earth after the water of evenly splashing;
(7) fertilising: 1. basal dressing: during the sowing manuring the year before last, its barnyard manure consumption be every mu execute 1350～1650 kilograms described of mixing barnyard manure and 30～40 Gong Jin ?ammonium compound fertilizer, its method is that described mixing barnyard manure is applied in Tian Tuzhong together with composite fertilizer, the rear leveling of turning over; 2. topdress: according to potato growing way situation, should suitably topdress, it topdresses mainly take composite fertilizer as main, its method is that fertilizer is placed on to potato seed central authorities or far away apart from 5～8 centimetres of potato pieces, digs out a pitting and applies composite fertilizer;
(8) the antifreeze and seedling management of emerging: after planting about 15 days, remove wheat straw curtain in case seedling is pressed and can not reveal soil, about 20 days, there is seedling to reveal soil, now should prevent from freezing seedling, can cover night with wheat straw curtain, but note can not weight seedling, until seedling, grows to 10cm when high, without antifreeze seedling again, therefore reclaim wheat straw curtain in order to reusing;
(9) water management: should not water the early stage of potato growth, is fond of Hua Houzai and waters, if day drought is without rain, can water once every 15～20 days, to guarantee sufficient moisture, gathers in the crops and stops watering for first 10 days.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104067839A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-01 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | High-yield labor-saving cultivation method of potatoes |
| CN104322254A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-02-04 | 吴长江 | Cultivation method for potatoes and cultivation system |
| CN104956910A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-07 | 李翔 | High-quality and high-efficiency cultivation method of potatoes in winter and summer |
| CN105940894A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-21 | 贵州省印江县依仁食品有限公司 | Sweet potato cultivation method |
| CN107581005A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-01-16 | 黄名玉 | The implantation methods of potato |
| CN107750880A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-06 | 佛山市高明区云大机械科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of potato |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104067839A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-01 | 镇江瑞繁农艺有限公司 | High-yield labor-saving cultivation method of potatoes |
| CN104322254A (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2015-02-04 | 吴长江 | Cultivation method for potatoes and cultivation system |
| CN104322254B (en) * | 2014-10-25 | 2016-08-31 | 吴长江 | The cultivation system of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi |
| CN104956910A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-07 | 李翔 | High-quality and high-efficiency cultivation method of potatoes in winter and summer |
| CN105940894A (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-09-21 | 贵州省印江县依仁食品有限公司 | Sweet potato cultivation method |
| CN107581005A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-01-16 | 黄名玉 | The implantation methods of potato |
| CN107750880A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-06 | 佛山市高明区云大机械科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of potato |
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