CN103717273A - 具有热塑性增强材料的运动球壳体 - Google Patents

具有热塑性增强材料的运动球壳体 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103717273A
CN103717273A CN201280031568.9A CN201280031568A CN103717273A CN 103717273 A CN103717273 A CN 103717273A CN 201280031568 A CN201280031568 A CN 201280031568A CN 103717273 A CN103717273 A CN 103717273A
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China
Prior art keywords
plate
housing
thermoplastic
layer
polymeric materials
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Pending
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CN201280031568.9A
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English (en)
Inventor
张之奇
沈怡荣
斯科特·R·伯格伦
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Nike Innovation LP
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Nike International Ltd
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Publication of CN103717273A publication Critical patent/CN103717273A/zh
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D22/00Producing hollow articles
    • B29D22/04Spherical articles, e.g. balls
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B41/00Hollow inflatable balls
    • A63B41/08Ball covers; Closures therefor
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B41/00Hollow inflatable balls
    • A63B41/10Bladder and cover united
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63BAPPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B45/00Apparatus or methods for manufacturing balls
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
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    • B29C65/48Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/78Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/7805Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring the parts to be joined comprising positioning features
    • B29C65/7808Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring the parts to be joined comprising positioning features in the form of holes or slots
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
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    • B29C66/13Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/242Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours
    • B29C66/2424Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain
    • B29C66/24249Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being closed, i.e. forming closed contours being a closed polygonal chain forming a specific polygon not provided for in B29C66/24241 - B29C66/24243
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/345Progressively making the joint, e.g. starting from the middle
    • B29C66/3452Making complete joints by combining partial joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4326Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms for making hollow articles or hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
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    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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Abstract

运动球(10)可以具有在接缝(22)处被连接以形成壳体(20)的多个板(21)。板可以包括施加到板的内部侧(27)的热塑性聚合物材料(35),且热塑性聚合物材料可以被热活化以穿过接缝延伸。球还可以包括壳体内的囊(40)和位于壳体和囊之间的中间层(30)。热塑性聚合物材料还可以被热活化以与中间层或壳体结合。

Description

具有热塑性增强材料的运动球壳体
背景
多种可充胀运动球,比如足球,常规地呈现包括壳体、中间层和囊的层状结构。壳体形成运动球的外部部分且通常由沿邻接的边缘连接在一起(例如,用缝合或粘合剂)的耐用且耐磨的多个板(panel)形成。虽然板的构型可以显著变化,但传统足球的壳体包括三十二个板,其中十二个具有五边形形状且其中二十个具有六边形形状。
中间层形成运动球的中间部分且定位在壳体和囊之间。在其他目的中,中间层可以为运动球提供软化感、给予能量返回并限制囊的膨胀。在一些构型中,中间层或中间层的部分可作为衬底材料被结合、连接或另外并入到壳体中。
具有可充胀构型的囊定位于中间层内,以提供运动球的内部部分。为了有助于充胀(即,用加压空气),囊通常包括穿过中间层和壳体中的每一个延伸的装有阀的开口,从而从运动球的外部可进入。
概述
在一方面中,本公开内容阐述了包括壳体及在壳体内的层的球。壳体可以由多个板形成,该多个板在接缝处用施加到邻接接缝的壳体的内部侧的热塑性聚合物材料连接在一起。根据本文所阐述的方面,热塑性聚合物材料可通过热来活化。
在本文所阐述的另一方面中,球包括形成球的外部表面的至少一部分的壳体,且壳体包括外部侧和内部侧。壳体还包括第一板和第二板,第一板和第二板每个具有邻近边缘区域的在内部侧上的热塑性聚合物材料层,其中热塑性聚合物材料配置为通过热来活化。壳体包括连接第一板的边缘区域和第二板的边缘区域的至少一个接缝,且其中第一板和第二板的热塑性聚合物材料层已被热活化。球还包括可用空气进行加压的定位在壳体内的囊。
在另一方面中,公开了制造球的方法。该方法包括提供多个壳体板,其中壳体板的内部侧包括邻近壳体板的边缘施加的热塑性聚合物材料层,且其中热塑性聚合物材料配置为通过热来活化。该方法还包括将壳体板的边缘连接在一起以形成反的壳体(inverted casing),通过由壳体板中的至少一个所形成的缝隙将壳体正面翻出来,将囊***壳体中,将囊充胀,并将热施加到热塑性聚合物材料层以活化该层。
本发明的新颖性表征方面的优点和特征在附加的权利要求中特别指出。然而,为了使新颖性的优点和特征得到改进的理解,可以参考下面描述的内容和附图,下面描述的内容和附图描述和图示了与本发明相关的不同构型和观点。
附图说明
当结合附图阅读时,前面的概述和下面的详述将被更好地理解。
图1是运动球的透视图。
图2是运动球的另一个透视图。
图3是如图2中剖面线3-3所界定的运动球的一部分的横截面图。
图4是运动球的板的内部侧的俯视图。
图5A-5C是板的内部侧的另外的构型的俯视图。
图6是两个已连接的板的透视图。
图7是如图6中剖面线7-7所界定的已连接的板的横截面图。
图8是用来连接板的焊接工具的透视图。
图9是如图8中剖面线9-9所界定的焊接工具的横截面图。
图10A-10E是图示在运动球的制造工艺过程中将板焊接在一起的步骤的示意性横截面图。
图11是与图9一致的且图示焊接工具的另一种构型的横截面图。
图12A-12E是图示运动球的制造工艺过程中的另外的步骤的透视图。
图13是可以用于运动球的制造工艺过程中处于打开的构型中的制造组件的透视图。
图14是处于关闭的构型中的制造组件的透视图。
图15是定位于制造组件内的运动球的透视图。
图16是制造工艺过程之后的运动球的实施方案的透视图。
图17为运动球的另一种构型的透视图。
图18是如图17中剖面线18-18所界定的图17的运动球的一部分的横截面图。
详述
下面的讨论和附图公开了各种运动球构型及涉及运动球的制造的方法。虽然运动球关于足球而被讨论和描述,但与构型相关联的概念和方法可以应用到各种类型的可充胀运动球。因此,除了足球外,本文所讨论的概念可以被并入例如篮球、足球(用于或者美式足球或者英式橄榄球)、排球和水球。多种非充胀运动球,比如棒球和垒球,也可包含本文所讨论的概念。
图1-图3中描绘了具有足球的一般构型的运动球10。球10呈现层状结构,该层状结构具有(a)形成球10的外部部分的壳体20,(b)位于壳体20内的中间层30,以及(c)形成球10的内部部分的可充胀囊40。加压时,囊40促使球10呈现实质上球形形状。更特别地,囊40内的压力导致囊40对中间层30施加向外的力。进而,中间层30对壳体20施加向外的力。为了限制囊40的膨胀且也限制壳体20中的张力,中间层30的一部分可以具有有限的拉伸度。换句话说,囊40对中间层30施加向外的力,但中间层30的拉伸特性有效地防止向外的力引起壳体20中显著的张力。因此,中间层30抑制来自囊40的压力,同时允许向外的力引起壳体20中的球形形状,从而给予球10球形形状。
壳体20由不同的板21形成,不同的板21沿邻接的侧部或边缘连接在一起以形成多个接缝22。如描绘了两个连接的板21的横截面的图3中可见的,壳体20的每个板21具有外部侧28和内部侧27,外部侧28最终形成球10的外部,内部侧27最终位于球10的内部。下面更详细地讨论的热熔热塑性聚合物层35可以沿着内部侧27被施加。虽然板21被描绘为具有十二个等边五边形的形状,但是板21可以具有以镶嵌式的方式组合以形成壳体20的不等边的形状、凹形或凸形的边缘或多种其他形状(例如,三角形、正方形、长方形、六边形、梯形、圆形、椭圆形、非几何形)。在一些构型中,球10可具有十二个五边形板21和二十个六边形板21以给予传统足球的一般构型。选择的板21也可以由与邻近的板21整体的(即,一个件)的结构形成,以形成减少接缝22的数量的桥接的板。因此,壳体20的构型可显著变化。
常规运动球的板可以用缝合(例如,手工缝合或机器缝合)来连接。根据本文所描述的方面,焊接工艺过程也可以在球10的制造中利用以连接板21并形成接缝22。更特别地,板21至少部分地由聚合物材料形成,聚合物材料可以是热塑性聚合物材料,且板21的边缘可被加热并结合到彼此以形成接缝22。接缝22的构型的例子在图3的横截面中描绘,其中焊接工艺过程通过组合或混合(comingling)来自板21的每一个的聚合物材料已有效地将板21中的两个固定、结合或另外连接到彼此。在一些构型中,板21中的一些可以通过缝合来连接或不同的接缝22可以补充以缝合或粘合剂。
根据本文所描述的实施方案,球10还可以包括为接缝22增加强度和稳定性的构造部,比如施加到板21的内部侧27的热熔热塑性聚合物层35。通常,热塑性聚合物材料在加热时熔化且在冷却时返回到固体状态。更特别地,当受到足够的热时,热塑性聚合材料从固体状态转变为软化状态或液体状态,并且然后当充分地冷却时,热塑性聚合材料从软化状态或液体状态转变为固体状态。参照图3,如下面更详细地描述的,热熔层35可以提供沿接缝22的另外的结合。此外,热熔层35可以将壳体20结合到中间层30。
利用焊接工艺过程形成接缝22的一个优点涉及球10的总质量。鉴于常规运动球的质量的约百分之十至百分之十五可来自板之间的接缝,焊接板21可以减少在接缝22处的质量。通过消除壳体20中的缝合的接缝,否则将由缝合的接缝给予的质量可以用于增强球10的性能特性(例如,能量返回、球形形状、质量分布、耐久性、空气动力学)的其他结构元件。另一个优点涉及制造效率。缝合常规运动球的接缝中的每一个是相对耗时的工艺过程,特别是当利用手工缝合时。通过在接缝22处将板21焊接在一起,用于形成壳体20所必需的时间可被减少,从而提高总的制造效率。
中间层30定位在壳体20和囊40之间,且可形成为包括为运动球提供软化感的一个或多个可压缩的泡沫层、给予能量返回的橡胶层,以及限制囊40的膨胀的限制层。中间层30的整体结构可以显著变化。例如,限制层可以由下述形成:(a)在各个方向上围绕囊40重复地缠绕以形成实质上覆盖囊40的全部的网状物的线(thread)、纱线或丝,(b)被缝合在一起以形成围绕囊40延伸的结构的多个大体平的或平坦的织物元件,(c)用乳胶浸渍且以重叠的构型围绕囊40放置的多个大体平的或平坦的织物带,或(d)实质上无接缝的球形织物。在球10的一些构型中,中间层30或中间层30的部分也可以被结合、连接或另外并入壳体20中或球10可没有中间层30。因此,中间层30的结构可以显著变化,以包括多种构型和材料。
囊40具有可充胀的构型,且定位在中间层30内,以提供球10的内部部分。当充胀时,囊40呈现圆形或大体球形形状。为了有助于充胀,囊40可包括装有阀的开口(未描绘),装有阀的开口穿过中间层30和壳体20延伸的,从而从球10的外部可进入,或囊40可具有半永久充胀的无阀结构。囊40可由橡胶材料或碳胶乳材料构成,橡胶材料或碳胶乳材料实质上防止囊40内的空气或其他流体扩散到球10的外部。除了橡胶和碳胶乳外,多种其他弹性体材料或另外可伸缩材料可以用于囊40。囊40也可以具有由多个连接的板形成的结构,如2008年6月27日提交给美国专利和商标局的第2009/0325745A1号美国专利申请公布所公开的,其通过引用全部并入本文。
如上面所讨论的,常规运动球的板可用缝合(例如,手工缝合或机器缝合)来连接。然而,板21至少部分地由聚合物材料形成,聚合物材料可以是可通过焊接工艺过程来连接的热塑性聚合物材料。参照图4,板21中的一个的内部侧27在并入球10之前被描绘为具有板区域23和五个翼缘区域24。鉴于板区域23通常形成板21的中心部分,翼缘区域24形成板21的边缘部分并围绕板区域23延伸。为了参考的目的,虚线29被描绘为在板区域23和不同的翼缘区域24之间延伸。板21具有五边形形状且翼缘区域24中的每一个与五边形形状的一个边部位一致。在板具有不同的形状的另外的构型中,翼缘区域的数目可以改变,以与该形状的边的数目一致。板21界定五个切口25,该五个切口25从五边形形状的顶点向内延伸且有效地将不同的翼缘区域24彼此分离。切口25完全穿过板21的厚度延伸,以将翼缘区域25彼此断开并允许翼缘区域24折曲或另外独立于彼此移动,尽管翼缘区域24保持连接到板区域23。此外,每个翼缘区域24界定不同的配准孔26,该配准孔26形成穿过板21延伸的孔洞。
板21还可以包括热塑性热熔层35,该热塑性热熔层35施加到内部侧27以最终有助于和加强板21的彼此结合。根据图4中所描绘的实施方案,热熔层35邻接参考线29、沿板23的向外的边缘并沿五个翼缘区域24的向内的边缘而沉积,形成在板23和翼缘区域24之间的穿过虚线参考线29的中空的五边形形状。如下面所更详细地讨论的,当板23被焊接或另外连接在一起以形成壳体20时,参考线29近似于板之间的接缝线22。因此,根据图4所描绘的实施方案,热熔层35邻接近似的接缝(参考线29)且在板23侧部和翼缘24侧部上沿近似的接缝(参考线29)延伸,有助于接缝处的结合。然而,如上所提到的,板可以使用许多不同的形状来配置,因此施加到内部侧27的热熔层35也可以采取不同的形状。
热塑性热熔层35可以包括热塑性聚合物材料。如上面所提到的,当受到足够的热时,热塑性聚合材料从固体状态转变到软化状态或液体状态,并且然后当充分冷却时,热塑性聚合材料从软化状态或液体状态的转变到固体状态。如在下面更详细地描述的,热塑性聚合物材料还可以被焊接或热结合到其它织物元件、板材、片、聚合物泡沫元件、热塑性聚合物元件、热固性聚合物元件或由不同的材料形成的多种其它元件。因此,如下面更详细地阐述的,当板21被焊接在一起且热被施加时,热熔层35可以为板21的内部侧27、中间层30或囊40并且穿过接缝22提供附加的结合。虽然广泛范围的热塑性聚合物材料可用于热熔层35,但一些合适的热塑性聚合物材料的例子包括热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯、聚酰胺、聚酯、聚丙烯、聚烯烃和橡胶。在一些构型中,热熔层35的热塑性聚合物材料可以是结合到内部侧27的片或层。在其他构型中,热熔层35的热塑性聚合物材料可以是通过喷涂并且然后凝固或固化而沉积在内部侧27上的液态聚合物或未固化的聚合物树脂。也就是说,喷涂聚合物可以被施加到内部侧27以形成热熔层35。因此,形成热熔层35的材料及材料被施加的方式可以显著变化。
根据本文所阐述的另外的实施方案,热熔层可以以多种构型被施加到板21的内部侧27。热熔层的可选择的构型可带来制造中的效率,且可以提供穿过板21的附加的强度。图5A-图5C描绘了具有如本文所阐述的热熔层的内部侧27的实施方案的另外的构型的俯视图。在图5A中,热熔层36在整个板23上面、穿过参考线29且沿翼缘24的内边缘延伸。热熔层36一旦被热活化则可以提供穿过板21之间的接缝(大约在参考线29处)的附加的强度和附加的结合,且还可以作为整体给板21提供另外的完整性。
热熔层也可以被施加到整个板21的内部侧27,如在图5B中作为热熔层37所描绘的。根据该实施方案,热熔层37可穿过板23和翼缘24两者的全部而被施加。这样的构型可以提供穿过整个结合的板21的增加的强度且在热熔层37施加到板中带来效率。热熔层37一旦被热活化则可以提供穿过板21之间的接缝(大约在参考线29处)的附加的强度和结合,且还可以作为整体为板21提供附加的完整性。
如图5C的实施方案中介绍的热熔层构型38是施加到板21的内部侧27的热熔层的又另一个构型。根据图5C中所描绘的实施方案,热熔层38邻近参考线29、沿板23的向外边缘而沉积,形成位于邻近板23和翼缘区域24之间的虚线参考线29处但不穿过板23和翼缘区域24之间的虚线参考线29的中空的五边形形状。如下面更详细地讨论的,参考线29近似于板之间的接缝线22,并且因此,根据图5C中所描绘的实施方案,热熔层38邻接板21之间的近似的接缝(参考线29)并在板23的侧部上沿的板21之间的近似的接缝(参考线29)延伸,有助于接缝处的结合。
如上面所描述的热熔层可以以许多不同的构型被施加到板21,并仍落入本公开内容的精神和范围内。此外,应理解,本文所阐述的热熔层不限于上述构型中的任何一个,且热熔层可以以多种方式被配置且除了本文所讨论的构型外,可以以多种不同的构型被施加。为简单起见,本描述的其余部分将参照如图4中所介绍的热熔层35的构型,然而,上述原理也可以应用到多种构型。
不同板21的板区域23形成在球10的外部上可见的壳体20的大部分或全部。然而,翼缘区域24形成板21的被结合在一起以将板21连接到彼此的部分。此外,翼缘区域24的部分在球10的制造工艺过程期间可以被修整或另外去掉,如下面所描述的。参照图6和图7,描绘了两个板21被连接到彼此的方式的例子。虽然板区域23通常与彼此共平面,但连接的翼缘区域24向上弯曲且沿邻接的表面连接。图7中的虚线参考线31表示板21的边缘连接在一起的地方。此外,来自连接的翼缘区域24中的每一个的配准孔26被对准。翼缘区域24通过在结合(即,通过焊接)之前对准配准孔26相对于彼此合适地定位。如下面更详细地描述的,连接的翼缘区域24的部分可以在暴露热熔层35的壳体20的制造工艺过程期间沿用于穿过接缝22的热熔结合的参考线29被修整。值得注意的是一旦制造完成,则图6和图7中面向上的表面被定位在球10的内部上,且面向下的表面形成球10的外部表面。
板21在上述讨论为包括聚合物材料,其可以用来将板21固定到彼此。用于板21的合适的聚合物材料的例子包括热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯和/或热固性聚氨基甲酸酯、聚酰胺、聚酯、聚丙烯和聚烯烃。在一些构型中,板21可以包含强化或加强壳体20的丝或纤维。在另外的构型中,板21可具有层状结构,该层状结构包括聚合物材料的外层和由与聚合物材料结合的织物、聚合物泡沫或其他材料形成的内层。
板21内的聚合物材料当暴露于足够的热时从固体状态转变为或者软化状态或者液体状态,特别是当利用热塑性聚合物材料时。当充分冷却时,聚合物材料然后从软化状态或液体状态转变回固体状态。基于聚合物材料的这些性能,可利用焊接工艺过程以形成将板21的部分(即,翼缘区域24)连接到彼此的焊接部。如本文所使用的,术语“焊接”或其变体被定义为两元件之间的固定技术,该固定技术涉及元件中的至少一个内的聚合物材料的软化或熔化,使得元件的材料在冷却时固定到彼此。类似地,术语“焊接部(weld)”或其变体被定义为通过一种工艺过程将两个元件连接的结合部、连结部或结构,该工艺过程涉及元件中的至少一个内的聚合物材料的软化或熔化,使得元件的材料在冷却时固定到彼此。作为例子,焊接可以涉及(a)包括聚合物材料的两板21的熔化或软化,使得来自每个板21的聚合物材料与彼此混合(例如,穿过聚合物材料之间的边界层扩散)且冷却时固定在一起,及(b)第一板21中的聚合物材料的熔化和软化,使得该聚合材料延伸进或渗入第二板21的结构(例如,渗入第二板21中形成的裂缝或腔或者围绕第二板21中的丝或纤维延伸或者与第二板21中的丝或纤维结合),以当冷却时将板21固定在一起。当仅仅一个板21包括聚合物材料或当两个板21均包括聚合物材料时焊接可以发生。此外,焊接通常不涉及使用缝合或粘合剂,但涉及用热直接将板21结合到彼此。然而,在一些情况下,可利用缝合或粘合剂以补充通过焊接的板21的焊接部或连接。仍在其他实施方案中,板21可以通过缝合连接,例如,通过沿参考线29及被热熔层35强化的接缝缝合,如下面更详细地讨论的。
多种技术可用于将翼缘区域24焊接到彼此,包括传导加热、辐射加热、射频(RF)加热、超声波加热和激光加热。图8和图9中描绘了可用于通过结合两翼缘区域24来形成接缝22的焊接模具(welding die)60的例子。焊接模具60包括两部分61,该两部分61在长度上与板21的侧部中的一个的长度大体一致。也就是说,焊接模具60的长度通常与翼缘区域24的长度一样长或长于翼缘区域24的长度。每个部分61还界定面对另一部分61的面对的面62。也就是说,面对的面62彼此面对。例如,如果用于传导加热的目的,则部分61可各自包括内部加热元件或引导加热的液体的管道,以便充分地提高焊接模具60的温度以形成翼缘区域24之间的焊接部。如果用于射频加热的目的,则部分61中的一个或者两个可发射射频能量,该射频能量加热板21内的特殊的聚合物材料。除了焊接模具60外,可有效地形成板21之间的焊接部的多种其他装置可以被利用。
现在将参考图10A-图10E来讨论利用焊接模具60连接板21的普通的工艺过程。首先,定位来自两板21的邻近的翼缘区域24,使得(a)翼缘区域24的表面彼此面对且(b)配准孔26被大体对准,如图10A中所描绘的。焊接模具60的部分61也定位在邻接翼缘区域24的相对侧上。然后,部分61将翼缘区域24在面对的面62之间压紧在一起以导致翼缘区域24的表面彼此接触,如图10B中所描绘的。通过用焊接模具60加热翼缘区域24,翼缘区域24内的聚合物材料熔化或另外软化到有助于翼缘区域24之间的焊接的程度,如图10C中所描绘的,从而形成板21之间的接缝22。一旦通过将翼缘区域24结合在一起而形成接缝22,则模具部分61可以从翼缘区域24收回,如图10D中所描述的。翼缘区域24的可包括界定配准孔26的部分的多余的部分然后被修整或另外去掉以完成接缝22中的一个的形成,如图10E中所描绘的。
多种修整工艺过程可以用于去掉翼缘区域24的多余的部分。作为例子,修整工艺过程可以包括切割装置、磨轮或刻蚀工艺过程的使用。作为另一个例子,焊接模具60可包含如图11所描绘的切割刃63,该切割刃63在焊接工艺过程期间修整翼缘区域24。也就是说,当部分61在面对的面62之间加热翼缘区域24并将翼缘区域24压紧在一起时,切割刃63可用于穿过翼缘区域24突出且有效地修整翼缘区域24。另外,切割刃63可以在参考线29处压紧翼缘区域24,使得可从焊接工艺过程变温热的热熔层35有效地穿过接缝22延伸。
热熔层35的一部分也可以在焊接工序期间被活化(例如,被熔化或被软化)。例如,可以在焊接期间接触模具部分61的部分27可受到热且可以部分地热活化以在焊接阶段期间形成结合部。热熔层35的随后的活化在下面更详细地讨论;然而,热熔层35的部分27通过焊接模具60的初始活化可以为接缝22提供附加的结合和支撑。
焊接翼缘区域24以形成板21之间的接缝22的普通的工艺过程在上述相对于图10A-图10E大体被讨论。这种普通的工艺过程可以用多个板21且在每个板21的多个翼缘区域24上重复进行,以有效地形成大体球形的或封闭的结构,如图12A中所描绘的。也就是说,多个板21可以通过上面所讨论的普通的工艺过程被熔化在一起,以便形成壳体20中的不同接缝22。图12B描绘了相似的构型,其中翼缘区域24被修整。如上面所讨论的,翼缘区域24的修整和去掉可在焊接工艺过程后发生或可在焊接工序的时候发生。
虽然接缝22通常在翼缘区域24的每一个之间形成,但在制造工艺过程的这个阶段至少两个翼缘区域24可以保持未结合到彼此。参考图12A和12B,未结合的翼缘区域24用附图标记24’来标识。留下至少两个翼缘区域24未结合到彼此的一个目的是壳体20可通过在未结合的翼缘24之间形成的开口由内向外地翻。更特别地,未结合的翼缘24可以被分离以形成开口28,如图12B中所描绘的,且壳体20可以通过开口28翻转或由内向外地翻,以给予图12C中所描绘的构型。鉴于翼缘区域24的修整过的部分在图12B中向外突出,通过未结合的翼缘区域24之间的开口28翻转或由内向外地翻壳体20,将翼缘区域24中的所有安置在壳体20内。因此,一旦将壳体20翻转或由内向外地翻,则修整过的翼缘区域24向内而不是向外突出。此外,将壳体20由内向外地翻还将熔融层35安置在壳体20的内部上。返回来参考图3,例如,壳体20的外部具有大体光滑的构型,同时壳体20的与翼缘区24对应的部分向内突出。虽然板21在接缝22的区域中在球10的外部上形成凹痕,但相似的凹痕通常在具有缝合接缝的游戏球中发现。
在制造工艺过程的这个阶段,壳体20实质上可以由板21和壳体20的向内定向的表面的焊接形成,虽然如下面所阐述的,开口28仍然可以存在且热熔层35可以被进一步热活化。在未结合的翼缘区域24之间形成的壳体20中的开口28现在可以用于***中间层30和囊40,如图12D中所描绘的。也就是说,中间层30和囊40可以通过用于翻转或由内向外地翻壳体20的开口28定位在壳体20内。然后中间层30和囊40被合适地定位在壳体20内,其可包括部分地充胀的囊40,以促使中间层30和壳体20的表面之间的接触。此外,囊40的装有阀的开口72定位为穿过中间层30和壳体20延伸,从而从球10的外部可进入。一旦中间层30和囊40被合适地定位在壳体20内,则在未结合的翼缘区域24形成的壳体20中的开口28可以被密封,如图12E中所描述的。更特别地,密封模具70可形成未结合的翼缘区域24之间的焊接部,以形成有效地封闭壳体20的最终的接缝22。作为焊接的选择,缝合或粘合剂可以用于封闭壳体20。
一旦球10已经形成使得板21的翼缘区域24已被密封,如图12E中所描绘的,则囊40可被充分加压,且热熔层35可以被活化以加强穿过球的内部上的接缝22的结合部。图13描绘了制造组件80,其可以用于完成球10的加压和活化热熔层35。
组件80可以代表具有用于接纳球10的挖空的球形腔82的完整的立方体或其他三维形状。根据至少一个实施方案,组件80可以包括两个完全相同但位置相对的侧部84,该侧部84可以在铰链86处打开以展现里面的球形腔82。组件80还可以包括开口88以允许加压设备(未示出)和用于将热传递到安置在腔82中的球的热源(也未示出)的***。如图13的实施方案中所示出的,腔82是球形的以接纳球形的球,例如球10。如图14中所描述的,当关闭时,侧部82以齐平的方式彼此配对,在里面产生球形腔82。然而,应理解,组件80可以以各种可选择的形状和尺寸构成以适应多种球的形状和尺寸。
根据本文所阐述的实施方案,组件80可以由多种大体刚性的材料构成,所述大体刚性的材料当受到来自里面的压力、热或加压时不会变形,然而还将考虑到热传递。用于组件80的合适的材料的例子包括不同的金属(例如,钢、铝、钛)和不同的聚合物材料(例如,具有相对高的熔化温度的热固性聚合物和热塑性聚合物),但本领域技术人员将容易地确定其他相关的或合适的材料。
如上面所讨论的,球10可以被安置在组件80中以完成加压和活化热熔层35。图15描述了安置在组件80中的球10。球10可以被安置使得阀开口72(图15中未示出)与组件80的开口88相匹配,以允许空气源被***用于加压的阀开口72中。根据另外的实施方案,空气源可以被并入到组件80中。一旦球10定位在球形腔82中,则组件80可以如图14中所描述的被关闭。一旦组件80关闭,则组件80为球10提供限制性的腔以用于充分加压到所期望的形状,且在球10和组件80的该实施方案的情况下,充分加压到球形形状。
组件80还考虑到热传递以在加压工艺过程期间活化热熔层35以进一步加强接缝22并增加球10的壳体20的整体完整性。如上面所阐述的,热熔层35可以包括当加热时熔化且当充分冷却时返回至固体状态的热塑性聚合物材料。基于热塑性聚合物材料的这种特性,如上面所讨论的,焊接工艺过程可以用于将热熔层35连接到壳体20的内部侧的部分,该内部侧的部分包括板21的内部侧27的部分并且穿过接缝22。在一些情况中,热熔层35也可以结合到中间层30的部分。
因此,热熔层35至板21的内部侧27、穿过接缝22及在一些情况下至中间层30的焊接可涉及熔化热熔层35的热塑性聚合物材料,使得当热塑性聚合物材料冷却时,其结合到板21的内部侧并穿过接缝22,以加强壳体20的那些部分。另外,根据另外的实施方案,存在于板21中的热塑性聚合物材料可以被渗入或也可以被熔化,如上面所描述的,使得材料在热结合工艺过程期间也可以与热熔层35混合。
多种技术可以用于活化和热结合穿过接缝22的热熔层35。如本领域技术人员将理解的,用于穿过材料传递热的任何技术可以并入组件80或相似的结构。这种技术可以包括但不限于传导加热、辐射加热、射频(RF)加热、超声波加热和激光加热。通过在球10被加压时使用从腔82的壁穿过壳体20的热传递,热熔层35可在壳体20的内部侧上穿过接缝22被活化,以加强接缝22并确保在充分加压的状态下球10的最终形状的完整性。
基于上面的讨论,壳体20可通过焊接工艺过程通过连接板21至少部分地形成,其可以包括内部侧27上的热熔层35,其中板之间的接缝22随后通过热熔层35的热活化被密封。与连接板的其他方法相比,焊接工艺过程可以减少球10的总质量并提高制造效率,且热熔结合可以增加板21之间的接缝22和穿过板21或壳体20的其他区域的强度和完整性。一旦焊接工艺过程被用于连接板21,则壳体20中的开口可以用于将壳体翻转或由内向外地翻至将突出区域安置在球10内,从而形成大体上光滑的外表面。此外,中间层30和囊40可以通过壳体20中的开口***,囊40部分地充胀,且壳体20随后密封。在球10已形成、部分地充胀和密封后,球10可以被安置在制造组件80中,以完成穿过接缝22的热熔层35的加压和活化。
图17描绘了具有足球的普通构型的运动球1710的另外的实施方案。如前面的实施方案中的,球1710呈现具有形成球1710的外部部分的壳体1720和形成球1710的内部部分的可充胀囊1740的层状结构。与前面的实施方案相比,中间层或限制结构,比如中间层30可以不存在。因此,当囊1740加压时,由于囊1740导致囊40对壳体1720施加向外的力,因此球1710可呈现实质上球形形状。因此,壳体1720抑制来自囊1740的压力,从而给予球1710球形形状,且既充当囊1740的外部表面又充当囊1740的限制层。
壳体1720可以与前面所描述的实施方案相似,因为其可以由不同的板1721形成,该不同的板1721沿邻接的侧部或边缘连接在一起以形成多个接缝1722。如图18中可见的,其描绘了两个连接的板1721的横截面,壳体1720中的每个板1721具有最终形成球1710的外部的外部侧1728,以及最终位于球1710的内部上的内部侧1727。且虽然板1721被描绘为具有十二个等边五边形的形状,但板1721可以具有以镶嵌型的方式组合以形成壳体1720的不等边的形状、凹形或凸形的边缘或多种其他形状(例如,三角形、正方形、长方形、六边形、梯形、圆形、椭圆形、非几何形)和板的数目。因此,壳体1720的构型可以显著变化。
运动球1710的板1721可以如有关前面实施方案所描述的通过缝合或通过焊接来连接。更特别地,板1721至少部分地由聚合物材料形成,聚合物材料可以是热塑性聚合物材料,且板1721的边缘可以被加热并结合到彼此以形成接缝1722。接缝1722的构型的例子在图18的横截面中描绘,其中所述焊接工艺过程通过结合或混合来自板1721的每一个的聚合物材料而已有效地板1721中的两个固定、结合或另外连接到彼此。在一些构型中,板1721中的一些可以通过缝合来连接或不同的接缝1722可补充以缝合。如前面所讨论的,使用焊接建立板之间的接缝的一个优点为限制运动球的重量的能力。另外,通过省略如运动球1710的实施方案中所见的中间限制层,运动球1710的重量可以更进一步被限制。
运动球1710还可以包括用于增加接缝1722的强度和稳定性的构造部,比如施加到板1721的内部侧1727的热熔热塑性聚合物层1735。热熔层1735可以如前面所讨论的实施方案中所描绘的来形成,其中包括层1735的热塑性聚合物材料当加热时熔化且当冷却时返回到固体状态,允许热塑性材料沿接缝1722的附加的结合。热熔层1735可以以前面所讨论的和图4和图5A-图5C所示的方式中的任何一种定位。
如图18中所描绘的,一旦球1710已经形成使得板1721已被密封,且囊1740已被***壳体1720中,则根据有关图12C-图15详细描述的技术,囊1740可以被充分加压且热熔层1735可以被活化。因此,热熔层1735可如前面所描述的被活化以加强球的内部上穿过接缝1722的结合部。还应注意,在热熔层1735的活化期间,存在于热熔层1735和囊1740两者之间的热塑性聚合物可以另外混合以形成除了沿接缝1722的结合部之外的层1720和1740之间的结合部。
应理解,运动球1710可以由如有关前面实施方案所讨论的相同的或相似的材料形成。运动球1710也可以在省略中间层30时根据本文所讨论的技术来组装和充分加压。本领域技术人员将容易地理解落入本公开内容的精神和范围内的广范围的变化和实施方案,且将理解图17-图18所描绘的实施方案应被认为是示例性的。
在上面和参考多种构型的附图中公开了本发明。然而,本公开内容用于的目的是提供与本发明相关的不同特性和观点的例子,不是限制本发明的范围。相关领域的技术人员将认识到在不偏离如由附加的权利要求所界定的本发明的范围的情况下可以对上面所描述的构型作出许多变化和修改。

Claims (26)

1.一种运动球,包括:
壳体,其具有(a)在接缝处连接在一起的多个板和(b)固定到所述壳体的内部侧的热塑性聚合物材料,所述热塑性聚合物材料穿过所述接缝延伸;及
所述壳体内的至少一个层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的运动球,其中所述壳体内的所述层是囊。
3.根据权利要求2所述的运动球,还包括位于所述壳体和所述囊之间的中间层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的运动球,其中所述多个板通过焊接连接在一起。
5.根据权利要求3所述的运动球,其中所述热塑性聚合物材料被结合到所述中间层。
6.根据权利要求1所述的运动球,其中所述热塑性聚合物材料配置为在所述球的初始加压期间通过热来活化。
7.根据权利要求1所述的运动球,其中所述热塑性聚合物材料施加到所述壳体的所述内部侧的大体全部。
8.一种运动球,包括:
壳体,其形成所述球的外部表面的至少一部分,所述壳体具有外部侧和相对的内部侧,且所述壳体包括:
第一板,所述第一板包括在所述内部侧上且邻近所述第一板的边缘区域的热塑性聚合物材料层,
第二板,所述第二板包括在所述内部侧上且邻近所述第二板的边缘区域的热塑性聚合物材料层,及
至少一个接缝,所述接缝连接(a)所述第一板的所述边缘区域和所述第二板的所述边缘区域和(b)所述第一板的所述外部侧和所述第二板的所述外部侧,所述第一板的所述热塑性聚合物材料层和所述第二板的所述热塑性聚合材料层穿过所述接缝延伸;及
囊,所述囊位于所述壳体内且配置为用空气加压。
9.根据权利要求8所述的运动球,还包括位于所述壳体和所述囊之间的中间层。
10.根据权利要求8所述的运动球,其中所述接缝是焊接的接缝。
11.根据权利要求8所述的运动球,其中所述接缝是缝合的接缝。
12.根据权利要求8所述的运动球,还包括多个另外的板,所述另外的板中的每一个包括在所述内部侧上且邻近所述另外的板的边缘区域的热塑性聚合物材料层,其中所述热塑性聚合物材料层配置为通过热来活化,其中所述多个板在多个接缝处连接,且其中所述热塑性聚合物材料已被热活化。
13.根据权利要求8所述的运动球,其中所述热塑性聚合物材料形成穿过所述接缝的密封部。
14.一种制造运动球的方法,包括:
提供多个壳体板,其中所述壳体板的内部侧包括邻近所述壳体板的边缘施加的热塑性聚合物材料层;
将所述壳体板的所述边缘连接在一起以形成反的壳体;
通过由所述壳体板中的至少一个所形成的缝隙将所述壳体正面翻出来,
将中间层和囊***所述壳体中;
将所述囊充胀;且
对所述热塑性聚合物材料层施加热以将所述壳体板结合到所述中间层。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中将所述壳体板的所述边缘连接在一起包括将所述板焊接在一起。
16.根据权利要求14所述的方法,还包括(a)将所述壳体、所述中间层和所述囊***包括内腔的组件中和(b)将所述内腔内的所述囊充胀,同时对所述热塑性聚合物材料层施加热。
17.根据权利要求16所述的方法,其中所述内腔是球形内腔。
18.根据权利要求14所述的方法,还包括在所述板被连接后修整所述壳体板的所述边缘。
19.根据权利要求14所述的方法,还包括将中间层***到所述壳体中。
20.根据权利要求15所述的方法,还包括在焊接期间修整所述壳体板的所述边缘。
21.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中提供所述多个壳体板的步骤包括将热塑性聚合物材料喷涂在所述壳体板的表面上。
22.一种运动球,包括:
壳体,所述壳体具有(a)在接缝处连接在一起的多个板和(b)固定到所述板的内部侧的热塑性聚合物材料,所述热塑性聚合物材料穿过所述接缝延伸;及
所述壳体内的层,
其中所述热塑性聚合物材料结合到所述层。
23.根据权利要求22所述的运动球,其中所述壳体内的所述层是囊。
24.根据权利要求22所述的运动球,其中所述壳体内的所述层是中间层且所述球还包括所述中间层内的囊。
25.根据权利要求22所述的运动球,其中所述多个板通过焊接连接在一起。
26.根据权利要求22所述的运动球,其中所述热塑性聚合物材料是喷涂聚合物。
CN201280031568.9A 2011-06-28 2012-06-21 具有热塑性增强材料的运动球壳体 Pending CN103717273A (zh)

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US20130005520A1 (en) 2013-01-03
JP6033299B2 (ja) 2016-11-30
US20140116602A1 (en) 2014-05-01
EP3248657A1 (en) 2017-11-29
EP3248657B1 (en) 2020-05-06
JP2014518134A (ja) 2014-07-28
WO2013003207A2 (en) 2013-01-03
US9370695B2 (en) 2016-06-21
US20160288438A1 (en) 2016-10-06
US8597144B2 (en) 2013-12-03
EP2726162A2 (en) 2014-05-07
WO2013003207A3 (en) 2013-05-10

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