CN103712577B - A kind of deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103712577B CN103712577B CN201310714923.9A CN201310714923A CN103712577B CN 103712577 B CN103712577 B CN 103712577B CN 201310714923 A CN201310714923 A CN 201310714923A CN 103712577 B CN103712577 B CN 103712577B
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- deep hole
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing, the deep hole of part to be measured is through between front end face and the rear end face of the part to be measured being parallel to each other；Deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing includes: laser beam emitter, ccd image sensor, image processing program and computer；Laser beam emitter sends the laser beam of the front end face being perpendicular to part to be measured from the front end of part to be measured towards deep hole, and the diameter of laser beam is more than deep hole diameter, and when measuring, laser beam is completely covered deep hole；During measurement, ccd image sensor is close to the rear end face of part to be measured, and deep hole is completely covered；Ccd image sensor connects with the computer equipped with image processing program.The invention still further relates to a kind of deep hole verticality measuring method based on image procossing.The present invention has simple operation, low cost, efficiency is high and measures accurate advantage, belongs to field of measuring technique, is especially suitable for the measurement of the pipe sheet deep hole of nuclear steam generator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of measuring technique, particularly relate to a kind of by launching laser beam, based on image procossing
Deep hole perpendicularity contactless measuring system and measuring method.
Background technology
Tube sheet a diameter of Ф 3000 Ф 5000mm, thickness 600 900mm of nuclear steam generator, needs
Face on the basis of the one side of the tube sheet of nuclear steam generator, measures in the tube sheet of this nuclear steam generator
Each deep hole is relative to the perpendicularity of datum level.The deviation of deep hole perpendicularity is by the rear bearing sheet that directly influences
Install, and the U-tube up to tens meters can be passed in nearly ten thousand pores (deep hole) smoothly, accurately
Bundle.
Tradition longhole survey typically uses contact measurement method, first processes therewith by deep hole aperture size
The plug coordinated, then by plug and frock end face right angle setting, inserts by sounding hole afterwards by plug,
Make frock end face be in close contact with by sounding hole end face, read the pointer gauge reading being connected with frock, then lead to
Cross geometry conversion to obtain by sounding hole perpendicularity.When or hole depth chin-deep, core the least by the aperture of sounding hole
The manufacture of rod will be extremely difficult, and its cost will be greatly improved.Additionally, contact type measurement is to deep hole inner surface
All can have abrasion with plug, plug its certainty of measurement of once wearing and tearing will be difficult to ensure that；Meanwhile, nuclear power steam is sent out
The deep hole inner surface of the tube sheet of raw device, then will be follow-up normally to whole nuclear power generating equipment if subjected to wear and tear or scratch
Operation causes potential safety hazard, affects the most serious.It addition, prior art also has the side using three-dimensional coordinates measurement
Method, but need large-scale three-coordinates measuring machine, cost is the highest, and is limited bigger by site condition.
Therefore, in deep hole squareness measurement, particularly the deep hole of the tube sheet of nuclear steam generator is vertical
On degree is measured, due to deep hole substantial amounts, required precision is high, its squareness measurement be badly in need of one rapidly and efficiently,
Precision is high, the non-contact detection method of low cost.
Summary of the invention
For technical problem present in prior art, it is an object of the invention to: provide a kind of certainty of measurement high,
Easily operated, contactless deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing and measuring method thereof.
Its simple operation, low cost, efficiency height and measurement accurately, are very suitable for deep hole hanging down relative to datum level
The measurement of straight degree.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing, the deep hole of part to be measured is through being parallel to each other
Part to be measured front end face and rear end face between；Deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing includes:
Laser beam emitter, ccd image sensor, image processing program and computer；Laser beam emitter
Send the laser beam of the front end face being perpendicular to part to be measured, the diameter of laser beam towards deep hole from the front end of part to be measured
More than deep hole diameter, and when measuring, laser beam is completely covered deep hole；During measurement, ccd image sensor is close to treat
Survey the rear end face of part, and deep hole is completely covered；Ccd image sensor and the calculating equipped with image processing program
Machine connects.
Preferred as one, a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing, including front bearing and
Rear support；Laser beam emitter is installed in front bearing, and ccd image sensor is installed in rear support also
Protrude from rear support.
Preferred as one, it is provided with the first installation cavity in front bearing, laser beam emitter embeds the first installation
In chamber；Before one, bearing bonnet is installed on the rear end of front bearing and is held out against by laser beam emitter in the first installation
In chamber；Laser beam is through the front end face of front bearing.
Preferred as one, the front end face of front bearing is provided with multiple steel ball around laser beam arrangement；During measurement
The front end face of part to be measured is close to by steel ball, and the front end face of part to be measured is parallel with the front end face of front bearing.
Preferred as one, it is provided with the second installation cavity in rear support, ccd image sensor embeds the second installation
Chamber also protrudes from the front end face of rear support；The spring bonnet of one band spring is installed on the rear end of rear support, spring
Ccd image sensor is held out against in the second installation cavity.
Preferred as one, front bearing and rear support are respectively provided with hand-held handle.
Preferred as one, part to be measured, front bearing and rear support are respectively arranged in three lift fixtures,
Each lift fixture adjusts position each other by slide rail in the horizontal plane.
Preferred as one, part to be measured is the tube sheet of nuclear steam generator.
A kind of deep hole verticality measuring method based on image procossing, uses deep hole based on image procossing vertical
Degree measurement system, comprises the steps: that laser beam emitter is perpendicular to the front end face of part to be measured from part to be measured
Front end launch laser beam towards deep hole, on the front end face of part to be measured, laser beam cover deep hole；Laser beam
Forming direct irradiation region on ccd image sensor through deep hole direct irradiation, laser beam is in deep hole
Wall reflects, and forms reflection ray regions on ccd image sensor；In the aperture of the rear end face of part to be measured,
There is light and shade boundary in direct irradiation region and reflection ray regions, computer extracts straight by image processing program
Connect irradiation area and two sections of arc-shaped profile of reflection ray regions, calculate the centre-to-centre spacing of two sections of arc-shaped profile,
I.e. can get the perpendicularity of the deep hole of part to be measured.
Preferred as one, before measurement, laser beam emitter is installed in front bearing, by ccd image
Sensor is installed in rear support, and front bearing at the front end face alignment of part to be measured, props up by the way of hand-held afterwards
Seat by the way of hand-held part to be measured rear end face be directed at.
Generally speaking, present invention have the advantage that
(1) the deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing of the present invention, its forward and backward bearing can arrange hands
Holding handle, i.e. front and back the operation of bearing hand-holdable formula, the most whole measurement system just becomes a kind of hand-held just
Take measurement apparatus, it is possible to measurement deep hole convenient, efficient, accurate hanging down relative to datum level (front end face)
Straight degree；Tube sheet etc. simultaneously for nuclear steam generator has the parts of a large amount of deep hole, this system
Forward and backward bearing may be mounted on the tooling devices such as automatic slide rail, it is achieved deep hole detects automatization.
(2) the deep hole verticality measuring method based on image procossing of the present invention, only need to be by laser beam, ccd image
Sensor is completely covered by the aperture of the front and rear end of sounding hole, and without looking for needed for conventional test methodologies
Just to complicated loaded down with trivial details steps such as the hearts, therefore, both simplified measuring method, greatly reduced again system unit
Requirement on machining accuracy.
(3) the deep hole measuring for verticality method based on image procossing of the present invention, real-time by the display of computer
The aperture light beam images of display ccd image sensor capture, the most simple and clear；Utilize image procossing simultaneously
Program, automatically calculates by sounding hole perpendicularity, and carries out showing and storing, effectively reduce personal error.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing.
Fig. 2 is direct irradiation region and the image signal of reflection ray regions of ccd image sensor capture
Figure.
Wherein, 1 is laser beam emitter, and 2 is front bearing, and 3 is ccd image sensor, and 4 is spring
Bonnet, 5 is rear support, and 6 is steel ball, and 7 is front bearing bonnet, and 8 is direct irradiation region, and 9 is circular arc
Profile, 10 is reflection ray regions, O1For the center of circle in direct irradiation region, O is the circle of reflection ray regions
The heart.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described in detail.
See figures.1.and.2, a kind of deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing, including: laser light
Bundle emitter, ccd image sensor, image processing program, computer, front bearing, rear support, front bearing
Bonnet, spring bonnet and steel ball.
Laser beam emitter is arranged in the first installation cavity within front bearing, before front bearing bonnet is tightened against
Laser beam emitter is also held out against in the first installation cavity by the rear end of bearing.The front end face of front bearing is inlayed many
Individual circumferentially around the steel ball of laser beam arrangement；During measurement, steel ball is close to the front end face of part to be measured, part to be measured
Front end face parallel with the front end face of front bearing.The laser of laser transmitter projects passes the front end face of front bearing,
And from the front end of part to be measured towards deep hole internal radiation, make laser beam be perpendicular to the front end face of part to be measured, and laser
The diameter of bundle is bigger than the aperture of deep hole, and deep hole is completely covered by the front end face at part to be measured.
Ccd image sensor and peripheral circuit thereof are arranged in rear support, and ccd image sensor is placed in rear support
The second installation cavity in, ccd image sensor embeds the second installation cavity and protrudes from the front end face of rear support,
The part of ccd image sensor reception light is close to the rear end face of part to be measured；Spring bonnet with spring is installed
In the rear end of rear support, ccd image sensor is held out against in the second installation cavity, and makes CCD by spring
Imageing sensor protrudes from rear support, thus when measuring, after ccd image sensor can be close to part to be measured
End face, and at the rear end face ccd image sensor of part to be measured, the aperture of deep hole is completely covered.Ccd image
Sensor receives optical signal, then converts optical signal into the incoming computer of the signal of telecommunication by peripheral circuit, utilizes
Image processing program extracts arc-shaped profile and the reflection light in the laser beam direct irradiation region received
The arc-shaped profile in region, by calculating centre-to-centre spacing OO of two arc-shaped profile1Just obtained deep hole relative to
The perpendicularity of the front end face of part to be measured.
In the present embodiment, part to be measured is the tube sheet of nuclear steam generator, and front bearing and rear support are equipped with hand-held hands
Handle, whole measurement system becomes the portable measurement apparatus of a kind of hand-held.
A kind of deep hole verticality measuring method based on image procossing, including radiating laser beams, laser beam receive,
The steps such as laser beam profile extraction, profile centre-to-centre spacing calculating, specifically in turn include the following steps:
(1) laser beam emitter is arranged in front bearing, tightens front bearing bonnet fixed laser light-beam transmitter；
(2) front end face of front bearing is paralleled with the front end face of part to be measured so that inlay on the front end face of front bearing
Some steel balls are in close contact with the front end face of part to be measured, support position before adjusting so that laser beam emitter
The laser beam launched is completely covered the aperture of deep hole, and laser beam is perpendicular to the front end face incidence of part to be measured；
(3) ccd image sensor and peripheral circuit thereof are arranged in rear support, tighten spring bonnet and be fixed,
The part making the front end receiver illumination of ccd image sensor protrudes from rear support slightly；
(4) rear end face of ccd image sensor with part to be measured is in close contact, due to the effect of spring pressure, CCD
The front end face of imageing sensor keeps the rear end face with part to be measured to be in close contact, and adjusts rear support position so that
The front end face of ccd image sensor is completely covered the aperture of deep hole；
(5) opening laser beam emitter, launch collimated laser beam, by there is the error of perpendicularity in this laser beam
Being arrived ccd image sensor after sounding hole, the image captured is shown at meter by ccd image sensor in real time
On the display of calculation machine；Meanwhile, in rear end face aperture, laser beam direct irradiation region with in deep hole
To there is the boundary of obvious light and shade in the reflection ray regions on surface, utilize image processing program to extract laser beam straight
Connect arc-shaped profile and the arc-shaped profile of reflection ray regions of irradiation area, calculate the center of two sections of circular arcs
Away from OO1By sounding hole perpendicularity.
In addition to the mode that the present embodiment is mentioned, part to be measured, front bearing and rear support are respectively arranged in three and rise
In fall formula fixture, each lift fixture adjusts position each other by slide rail in the horizontal plane and realizes alignment.
These mapping modes are the most within the scope of the present invention.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention preferably embodiment, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-mentioned reality
Execute the restriction of example, the change made under other any spirit without departing from the present invention and principle, modification,
Substitute, combine, simplify, all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing, the deep hole of part to be measured is through being parallel to each other
Between front end face and the rear end face of part to be measured, it is characterised in that: deep hole squareness measurement based on image procossing
System includes: laser beam emitter, ccd image sensor, image processing program and computer；Laser
Light-beam transmitter sends the laser beam of the front end face being perpendicular to part to be measured from the front end of part to be measured towards deep hole, swashs
The diameter of light beam is more than deep hole diameter, and when measuring, laser beam is completely covered deep hole；During measurement, ccd image passes
Sensor is close to the rear end face of part to be measured, and deep hole is completely covered；Ccd image sensor with equipped with image procossing
The computer of program connects.
2., according to a kind of based on image procossing the deep hole squareness measurement system described in claim 1, its feature exists
In: it includes front bearing and rear support；Laser beam emitter is installed in front bearing, and ccd image senses
Device is installed in rear support and protrudes from rear support.
3., according to a kind of based on image procossing the deep hole squareness measurement system described in claim 2, its feature exists
In: being provided with the first installation cavity in described front bearing, laser beam emitter embeds in the first installation cavity；Before one
Bearing bonnet is installed on the rear end of front bearing and is held out against in the first installation cavity by laser beam emitter；Laser
Restraint the front end face through front bearing.
4., according to a kind of based on image procossing the deep hole squareness measurement system described in claim 3, its feature exists
In: the front end face of described front bearing is provided with multiple steel ball around laser beam arrangement；During measurement, steel ball is close to treat
Surveying the front end face of part, the front end face of part to be measured is parallel with the front end face of front bearing.
5. a kind of based on image procossing the deep hole squareness measurement system stated according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Being provided with the second installation cavity in described rear support, ccd image sensor props up after embedding the second installation cavity and protruding from
The front end face of seat；The spring bonnet of one band spring is installed on the rear end of rear support, and ccd image is sensed by spring
Device holds out against in the second installation cavity.
6., according to a kind of based on image procossing the deep hole squareness measurement system described in claim 2, its feature exists
In: described front bearing and rear support are respectively provided with hand-held handle.
7., according to a kind of based on image procossing the deep hole squareness measurement system described in claim 2, its feature exists
In: described part to be measured, front bearing and rear support are respectively arranged in three lift fixtures, and each lift presss from both sides
Tool adjusts position each other by slide rail in the horizontal plane.
8., according to a kind of based on image procossing the deep hole squareness measurement system described in claim 1, its feature exists
In: described part to be measured is the tube sheet of nuclear steam generator.
9. a deep hole verticality measuring method based on image procossing, it is characterised in that: use claim 1 to
Deep hole squareness measurement system based on image procossing according to any one of 8, comprises the steps: laser light
Bundle emitter is perpendicular to the front end face of part to be measured and launches laser beam from the front end of part to be measured towards deep hole, to be measured
On the front end face of part, laser beam covers deep hole；Laser beam passes deep hole direct irradiation at ccd image sensor
Upper formation direct irradiation region, laser beam reflects through the inwall of deep hole, is formed anti-on ccd image sensor
Penetrate ray regions；In the aperture of the rear end face of part to be measured, direct irradiation region and reflection ray regions exist bright
Dark boundary, computer extracts direct irradiation region and two sections of circles of reflection ray regions by image processing program
Curved profile, calculates the centre-to-centre spacing of two sections of arc-shaped profile, i.e. can get the perpendicularity of the deep hole of part to be measured.
10. according to the deep hole verticality measuring method based on image procossing described in claim 9, it is characterised in that:
Before measurement, laser beam emitter is installed in front bearing, ccd image sensor is installed on rear support
In, front bearing by the way of hand-held part to be measured front end face be directed at, rear support by the way of hand-held
The rear end face alignment of part to be measured.
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| CN104457622B (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-04-26 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Device and method for detecting straightness of long shaft inner hole |
| CN107860340B (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2019-07-12 | 清华大学 | Pitch ear auricle assembly pin hole method for measuring coaxiality |
| CN107235288B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-03-10 | 昆山国显光电有限公司 | Roller type conveying device |
| CN107702664A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-16 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of reflective system for detecting verticality and method based on semiconductor laser alignment |
| CN111473746B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2021-08-03 | 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | Optical detection method for perpendicularity of nail hole |
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Inventor after: Zhang Shiwei Inventor after: Tang Yong Inventor after: Lu Longsheng Inventor after: Tang Tao Inventor after: Liang Ming Inventor before: Zhang Shiwei Inventor before: Tang Yong Inventor before: Lu Longsheng Inventor before: Tang Tao |
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Effective date of registration: 20170630 Address after: 510663, 201, 2 floor, 1 Cheng Cheng Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Tianhe District Patentee after: Guangzhou test and Control Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 510640 Tianhe District, Guangdong, No. five road, No. 381, Patentee before: South China University of Technology |
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