201018871 - - —— - —. — ... __ _ ' 六、發明說明： 一~ — 一 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關-種垂直度檢測器的校正製置及方法，尤指一 種利用一雷射光源、一柱狀透鏡、二光感測元件、計算手段、一 垂線、-鐘重及-調整平台，於扇自光線投影相對垂線所形成之 基準船垂線產生偏差角度時，藉調整平台校正其偏差角度至零為 止，而使該扇面光線投影成為一標準錯垂線者。 ❹ 【先前技術】 在工程領域中，對於錯垂線的基準與檢測，一直都是很重要 的工作與課題。就連門窗的安裝、舖設磁磚等工作皆須有一條標 準的垂線作為施工的依據。常用的檢測法有水準儀測量法與錘重 拉垂線法等，上述方法皆具有不受環境影響及操作簡單的優點， 而可供作為一般標準鉛垂線的參考之用。 0 由於錯垂線之垂直度調校技術發表的文獻並不多，因而該技 術領域中僅能依據有限的資料來進行回顧。先前技術在1995年提 出一種雷射基準線的量測系統，用以檢測工具機的精度，該系統 係以緊拉垂線的方法，用雷射光照射垂線後由位置檢測器接收， 以電子電路的訊號處理來檢校直度’具有次微米的解析能力。到 了 2000年文獻資料提出一種利用光碟讀取頭鎖定懸吊垂線的方 法，具有0· 1微米的解析度，可進行直度的追縱與量測。 此外，在2002年由行政院勞委會指出，測量電梯井的寬度與 201018871 是利用鋼琴線綁上錘重 深度之尺寸、上下高度與牆壁是否平直， 置於水桶巾以㈣解制穩定，可作為料線的依據^行政院 勞委會建議使用雷射鉛垂儀來確保各樓層與電梯井的垂直度，以 達到快速施工的要求^ 而先剛技術更有人針對垂線的橫向振動進行研究，提出了完 整的分析模式，以解決鋼絲繩橫向振動的問題。之後，更有人提 出以雷射加熱基座提拉法(LHPG)生長YIG單晶的研究，長晶步驟 ❹需將黏有氧化鋁棒的材料棒及晶種夾持在長晶機上，並校正其垂 直度。前述之習用技術則再配合二極體雷射所扇出的雷射光，經 錘重校正過其垂直度後，可作為校正材料棒及晶種垂直度的工具。 然而不論是哪一種技術，都要需要一種標準的鉛垂線作為檢 測基準，因此，本發明著重於產生與檢測鉛垂線的研發，藉此可 運用在各領域中。本發明採用垂線懸吊錘重的方式，定義出一條 可做為參考的基準鉛垂線，由於受地心引力的影響，懸吊線垂直 ©向下，自然形成一標準的垂線，以此一直線為基準，結合光感測 凡件與雷射光，而可經校正後產生一條雷射的鉛垂線，並可完成 鉛直基準線的校正與一鉛直線是否準確呈鉛垂的檢測之工作。 【發明内容】 本發明之目的在於提供一種垂直度檢測器的校正裝置及方 法，係以槓桿原理配合光感測元件來測量投影雷射扇面光線的傾 角，進而對垂直度檢測器做精讀的校正，讓使用者得以經由簡易 的操作而精確地完成校正之工作。而且將雷射光透過柱狀透鏡而 201018871 '扇形射出一個雷射扇面光線，經校正後可取代傳統的實質解 線，不受空氣擾動的影響，可廣泛應用於各種產業中，實用性極 佳。 賴本發明目狄技術手段，餘括_絲、—柱狀透鏡、 -光制70件…計算手段、—麟、—鐘重及—調整平台，該 光源用以放射出光束，雜狀透細以接收人射之該光束並於内 部折射出扇面规，該二光細元件以上下_距離設置於垂線 ❹後方，用以接收經過垂線局部遮蔽的該扇面光線，經計算後得知 該扇面光線相對基準錯垂線的偏差角度，當扇面光線產生偏差角 度時，可藉調整平台的調整以校正偏差角度至零為止，使扇面光 線的投影成為一標準錯垂線。 【實施方式】 壹·本發明基本技術特徵 1.1本發明裝置的特徵 0 請參看第一---A圖所示’本發明所提供之垂直度檢測器的 校正裝置，係包括有一光源（1〇)、一柱狀透鏡(2〇)、二光感測元 件（30a)(30b)、一計算手段(31)、一垂線(50)、一錘重（51)及一 調整平台（40)〇 請參看第一圖所示，上述光源（1〇)用以放射出光束，其中， 該光源（10)之具體實施例係為一雷射光源，其包括有一用以發射 出雷射光束(11)的雷射光裝置(l〇a)。 請參看第一圖所示，上述柱狀透鏡(20)用以接收由光源(10) 201018871 " 入射之光束，再於柱狀透鏡(20)内部折射出扇面光線(11)或是扇 面雷射光線。而錘重(51)是固定於該垂線(50)底端，使該垂線(5〇) 藉由該錘重（51)的重力自然下垂而形成一基準鉛垂線。 二光感測元件(30a)(30b)，其以上下間隔距離設置在垂線(5〇) 的後方位置上，用以接收該扇面光線（11)並可藉感測而得知該光 線(11)的偏差角度。本發明於一種具體實施例中，該二光感測元 件（30a) (30b)係以上下間隔距離的方式固定設置於一物件（7〇) ❹上’且使一光感測元件（30a)(30b)位於垂線(50)的後方位置上， 該扇面光線(11)係投射在該垂線(50)上，且所投射的該扇面光線 (11)會因該垂線(50)的遮蔽，而於該二光感測元件(3〇a)(3〇b)產 生帶狀光束，並由二光感測元件(3〇a)(30b)感測該帶狀光束而產 生感測訊號，再藉由什算手段(31)的運算，進而可得知該扇面光 線(11)的扇面相對該垂線(50)所形成之基準錯垂線的偏差角度。 本發明於一種具實施例中，該二光感測元件（3〇a)(3〇b)係選自psD Ο 以及CCD光耦合元件之其中一種。 請參看第一、二圖所上述調整平台(4〇)用以供該光源〇〇) 與該柱狀透鏡(20)定位其上，當該扇面光線（11)產生偏差角度 時’可藉由移動或角度調整該調整平台（4〇)，以校正該偏差角度。 1.2本發明方法的特徵 請參看第----A圖所示，本發明方法的特徵包括提供-雷 射光源(10)、-柱狀透鏡(20)、二光感測元件(3〇a)(3〇b)、一計 算手段(31)、-垂線(50)、-錘重(51)，及一包括有一_⑷）、 201018871 .......... *—_r. —-.-，―一»-.·-，—_..··- - --·.·<—._ ______________ 一 ___—_ _ ' 一載台（42)及一調整手段(43)的調整平台（40)，其中，二個光感 測元件（30a) (30b)以沿著一鉛垂線呈上下間隔距離地設置在該垂 線(50)上。 操作時，係先將該光源（10)與該柱狀透鏡(2〇)固定於該調整 .平台（40)的載台（42)上，並將錘重（51)固定於垂線(50)底端，藉 錘重（51)的重力而使垂線(50)自然下垂形成一條基準鉛垂線，以 該雷射光源(10)放射出雷射光束，再以該柱狀透鏡(2〇)接收入射 Ο 之該雷射光束，並經由該柱狀透鏡(20)内部折射出一扇面光線， 並以該二光感測元件(3〇a)(3〇b)接收被垂線(5〇)遮蔽的扇面光線 (11)並產生感測訊號，藉由該二光感測元件(3〇a)(3〇b)的感測及 計算手段計算該感測訊號而可得知該扇面光線(11)相對該基準鉛 垂線的偏差角度，當該扇面光線(11)相對基準鉛垂線之偏差角度 不為零時’則以調整手段調整扇面光線角度，直至其相對基準鉛 垂線之偏差角度至零為止。其中，當該扇面光線(11)相對該垂線 ❹（50)有明顯傾斜時，則先以調整手段調整使該扇面光線（n)與垂 線(50)以肉眼觀察接近重合，再進行計算及微調校正的步驟。 貳•光線寬度量測機構的實施 請配合參看第一、四、五圖所示，為檢測光源（1〇)所射出光 線的寬度，為達此目的，更包含有一光線寬度量測機構(6〇)，其 包括： 一具平移功能的平台（61)、一設於該平台（61)上的狹縫元件 (62)及一設於該平台（61)上的光功率計(63)，其狹縫元件（62)之 201018871 狹縫供光線（11)射入’而設在平台（61)上的光功率計(63)用以量 測所射入之該光線⑴）的功率值，該平台（61)由-馬達(64)驅動 做平移，馬達(64)及該光功率計⑽透過—界面裝置⑽而與一 電腦（66)連接，以控制該平台（61)之平移及擷取該光功率計（63) 的該功率值，藉以檢測出該光線(11)的線寬。 參•本發明運作與原理 請參看第一圖所示，本發明於具體運作時，係以懸吊錘重的 ❹概念定義出-條做為基準船垂線的垂線(5〇)，因此，本發明係以 鐘重（51)(下振)及垂線(50)為工具，將垂線⑽）的一端固定在天 花板上或牆面上，或一物件上，另一端則懸掛錘重（51)，由於重 力的影響使得錘重(51)指向地心，因此，依據該垂線⑽而可定 義出一條基準鉛垂線’此一基準鉛垂線可作為標準及校正的依據。 直接利用一條實質的垂線(5〇)來做準檢測垂直度之用的基準 鉛垂線，在操作及使用上是較為不方便且困難的。因此，本發明 Ο係利用垂直度檢測器之雷射光源所射出的扇面光線(11),經由設 置在一垂線(50)後方的二光感測元件(3〇a)(3〇b)感測出光線（11) 的傾角，對該垂直度檢測器的光線傾角進行調校，使其所產生雷 射光束達到錯垂的標準以做為基準錯垂線，而可以做垂直度檢測 的依據，或可對檢測裝置進行檢測基準錯垂線做校正的裝置，使 其檢測裝置可有效廣泛地應用於各種產業中。 由於雷射光具有方便使用與準直良好的優點，因此，本發明 將雷射光束透過柱狀透鏡(2〇)而扇出一扇面光線(11)以取代傳統 201018871 的實質基準船垂線，所以本發明實用性較強，且不受空氣擾動的 影響。 本發明將該雷射光束所形成的扇面光線(U)投射到懸吊錘重 (51)的垂線(50)上，如果扇面光線(11)與垂線(5〇)完全重合，則 雷射扇面光線(11)的扇面與垂線(50)同處於錯垂狀態。如雷射扇 面光線(11)無與垂線(50)相重合，則本發明利用精密的調整平台 (20)來調整角度，使雷射光線(11)能與垂線(5〇)重合。 ❹ 由於傳統目測方法的精度低，無法準確判別雷射扇面光線(11) 是否與準基錯垂線重合’因此本發明提出一維光感測元件(charge coupled device,CCD)的檢測方法，如第一圖所示。由於量測時雷 射扇面光線(11)的投影是一條線’因此，將該雷射扇面光線（n) 投射在垂線(50)上，如第二圖所示’圖中的雷射扇面光線(u)的 投影與垂線(50)相互傾斜而具一夾角度0。為探討偏差角度與解 析度的關係’觀測與垂線(50)的垂距W1與W2，則傾角關係如公式 ❹（2)。 W=W1-W2 (1) Θ = tan-1 — d (2) 其中，d為其一光感測元件(30a)與另一光感測元件(3〇b)(兩 觀測點）的間隔距離(類似槓桿的力臂），0，為雷射扇面光線（11) 投影之傾斜角度，若0=0時可知雷射光線(11)與垂線(5〇)相互平 行。在此令光感測元件(30a)(30b)的解析度AW，則由式⑶及式 201018871 (4)的關係算出解析度為△ θ。201018871 - - —— - —. — ... __ _ ' VI. Description of the invention: One ~ - One Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a calibration apparatus and method for a verticality detector, especially The invention utilizes a laser light source, a cylindrical lens, a two-light sensing component, a calculation means, a vertical line, a clock weight and an adjustment platform, and when the fan produces a deviation angle from a vertical line of the reference ship formed by the light projection relative to the vertical line, By adjusting the platform to correct the deviation angle to zero, the fan light projection is made into a standard wrong line. ❹ 【Prior Art】 In the field of engineering, the benchmark and detection of misaligned lines have always been important tasks and issues. Even the installation of windows and doors, the laying of tiles, etc. must have a standard vertical line as the basis for construction. The commonly used detection methods include a level measuring method and a hammer lifting line method. The above methods have the advantages of being free from environmental influences and simple operation, and can be used as a reference for a general standard plumb line. 0 Since there are not many documents published by the vertical alignment technique of the vertical line, only a limited amount of data can be reviewed in this technical field. The prior art introduced a measurement system for a laser reference line in 1995 for detecting the accuracy of a machine tool. The system is a method of tightly pulling a vertical line, and the laser is used to receive the vertical line and then received by the position detector. Signal processing to check straightness 'has the ability to resolve sub-micron. In 2000, the literature proposed a method of locking the suspended vertical line by using a disc reading head, which has a resolution of 0.1 μm, and can perform straightness tracking and measurement. In addition, in 2002, the Executive Yuan Committee pointed out that measuring the width of the elevator shaft and 201018871 is to use the piano line to tie the weight of the hammer to the depth, the upper and lower heights and the wall is straight, placed in the bucket towel to (4) stable, Can be used as the basis of the material line ^The Executive Yuan Committee recommends the use of laser plumbs to ensure the verticality of each floor and the elevator shaft to meet the requirements of rapid construction. ^The first technology is more research on the lateral vibration of the vertical line. A complete analysis mode was proposed to solve the problem of lateral vibration of the wire rope. Later, some studies have been proposed to grow YIG single crystals by laser heating pedestal pulling method (LHPG). The long crystal step is required to clamp the material rods and seed crystals with alumina rods on the crystal growth machine. Correct its verticality. The aforementioned conventional technology is combined with the laser light fanned out by the diode laser, and after correcting the verticality by the hammer weight, it can be used as a tool for correcting the rod of the material and the verticality of the seed crystal. However, regardless of the technology, a standard plumb line is required as a test reference. Therefore, the present invention focuses on the development and detection of a plumb line, and can be applied in various fields. The invention adopts the method of vertical hanging hammer weight to define a reference plumb line which can be used as a reference. Due to the influence of gravity, the suspension line is vertically © downward, naturally forming a standard vertical line, which is based on the straight line. Combined with the light sensing of the workpiece and the laser light, it can be corrected to produce a laser plumb line, and can complete the correction of the vertical reference line and whether the lead line is accurate and plumb. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a calibration apparatus and method for a verticality detector, which uses a lever principle to cooperate with a light sensing component to measure the tilt angle of a projected laser fan surface, and then performs a fine reading correction on the verticality detector. This allows the user to accurately perform the calibration work with a simple operation. Moreover, the laser light is transmitted through the lenticular lens and the 201018871 'fan shape emits a laser fan light, which can replace the traditional substantial solution line after being corrected, and is not affected by air disturbance, and can be widely used in various industries, and has excellent practicability. Lai Ben’s invention is a technical means, including _ wire, lenticular lens, 70-light system... calculation method, lin, bell weight and adjustment platform. The light source is used to emit light beam, and the porous light is transparent. Receiving the light beam emitted by the person and refracting the fan surface inside, the two thin elements are disposed at a distance from the vertical line to receive the fan light partially blocked by the vertical line, and the fan light is obtained after calculation. Relative to the deviation angle of the reference vertical line, when the fan surface light has a deviation angle, the adjustment of the adjustment platform can be used to correct the deviation angle to zero, so that the projection of the fan surface light becomes a standard misalignment line. [Embodiment] 基本·Basic technical features of the present invention 1.1 Features of the device of the present invention Please refer to the first---A diagram of the correction device of the verticality detector provided by the present invention, which includes a light source (1〇) ), a cylindrical lens (2〇), a two-light sensing element (30a) (30b), a calculation means (31), a vertical line (50), a hammer weight (51) and an adjustment platform (40) Referring to the first figure, the light source (1〇) is used to emit a light beam, wherein the specific embodiment of the light source (10) is a laser light source, and includes a laser beam for emitting a laser beam (11). Laser light device (l〇a). Referring to the first figure, the lenticular lens (20) is used to receive the light beam incident by the light source (10) 201018871 ", and then refract the fan light (11) or the fan surface inside the lenticular lens (20). Shoot the light. The hammer weight (51) is fixed to the bottom end of the vertical line (50) such that the vertical line (5〇) naturally hangs down by the weight of the hammer weight (51) to form a reference plumb line. The two light sensing elements (30a) (30b) are disposed at a rear position of the vertical line (5〇) for receiving the fan light (11) and can be known by sensing (11b) The angle of deviation. In a specific embodiment, the two-light sensing component (30a) (30b) is fixedly disposed on an object (7〇) 以上 in a manner of being spaced apart from above and a light sensing component (30a) (30b) is located at a rear position of the vertical line (50), the sector light (11) is projected on the perpendicular line (50), and the projected fan light (11) is blocked by the vertical line (50). Generating a strip beam on the two-light sensing element (3〇a) (3〇b), and sensing the strip beam by the two-light sensing element (3〇a) (30b) to generate a sensing signal, and then generating a sensing signal. Further, by the calculation of the means (31), the angle of deviation of the sector surface of the sector light (11) with respect to the reference vertical line formed by the perpendicular line (50) can be known. In one embodiment, the two light sensing elements (3〇a) (3〇b) are selected from one of psD Ο and CCD optical coupling elements. Please refer to the above-mentioned adjustment platform (4〇) for the light source 〇〇) and the lenticular lens (20) to be positioned thereon, when the fan light (11) produces a deviation angle Move or adjust the adjustment platform (4〇) to correct the deviation angle. 1.2 Features of the method of the invention, as shown in the first---A diagram, the features of the method of the invention include providing - a laser source (10), a lenticular lens (20), a two-light sensing element (3〇a ) (3〇b), a calculation means (31), a vertical line (50), a hammer weight (51), and one including a _(4)), 201018871 .......... *-_r. ———.-,―一»-.·-,__..··- - --···<-._ ______________ A _____ _ ' One stage (42) and an adjustment means ( 43) An adjustment platform (40), wherein the two light sensing elements (30a) (30b) are disposed on the vertical line (50) at a vertically spaced distance along a vertical line. In operation, the light source (10) and the lenticular lens (2〇) are first fixed on the stage (42) of the adjustment platform (40), and the weight (51) is fixed to the vertical line (50). At the bottom end, the vertical line (50) naturally hangs down to form a reference plumb line by the weight of the hammer weight (51), and the laser beam is emitted from the laser source (10), and then received by the lenticular lens (2〇). The laser beam incident on the Ο, and a sector light is refracted through the lenticular lens (20), and is received by the two light sensing elements (3〇a) (3〇b) by a vertical line (5〇) The fan light (11) generates a sensing signal, and the sensing signal is calculated by the sensing and calculating means of the two-light sensing element (3〇a) (3〇b) to know the fan light (11) The angle of deviation from the reference plumb line, when the angle of deviation of the sector ray (11) from the reference plumb line is not zero, the adjustment of the fan ray angle by the adjustment means until the deviation angle from the reference plumb line to zero . Wherein, when the fan surface light (11) is significantly inclined with respect to the vertical line 50 (50), the adjustment of the sector light (n) and the vertical line (50) by the naked eye is first adjusted by the adjustment means, and then calculation and fine adjustment are performed. The step of calibration.贰•The implementation of the light width measurement mechanism should be as shown in the first, fourth and fifth figures. To detect the width of the light emitted by the light source (1〇), for this purpose, a light width measuring mechanism is included. 〇), comprising: a translational platform (61), a slit element (62) disposed on the platform (61), and an optical power meter (63) disposed on the platform (61), The 201018871 slit of the slit element (62) is used for the light (11) to enter the optical power meter (63) disposed on the platform (61) for measuring the power value of the light (1) incident thereon. The platform (61) is driven by a motor (64) for translation, and the motor (64) and the optical power meter (10) are coupled to a computer (66) through an interface device (10) to control translation and tilt of the platform (61). The power value of the optical power meter (63) is taken to detect the line width of the light (11). Refer to the first figure for the operation and principle of the present invention. In the specific operation of the present invention, the vertical line of the vertical line of the ship is defined by the concept of the weight of the suspended hammer (5〇). The invention uses the clock weight (51) (downward vibration) and the vertical line (50) as tools to fix one end of the vertical line (10)) on the ceiling or the wall surface, or an object, and the other end is suspended from the hammer weight (51). Due to the influence of gravity, the weight of the hammer (51) is directed to the center of the earth. Therefore, a reference plumb line can be defined according to the vertical line (10). This reference plumb line can be used as a basis for calibration and calibration. It is inconvenient and difficult to operate and use the plumb line, which is directly used by a substantial vertical line (5〇) for the purpose of detecting verticality. Therefore, the present invention uses the sector light (11) emitted by the laser light source of the verticality detector via a two-light sensing element (3〇a) (3〇b) disposed behind a vertical line (50). Measuring the tilt angle of the light (11), adjusting the tilt angle of the vertical detector, so that the generated laser beam reaches the standard of the sag, as the reference vertical line, and can be used as the basis for the verticality detection. Alternatively, the detecting device may be configured to correct the reference misalignment line, so that the detecting device can be effectively and widely applied to various industries. Since the laser light has the advantages of convenient use and good collimation, the present invention transmits a laser beam through a lenticular lens (2 〇) and fan out a plane light (11) to replace the original reference ship vertical line of 201018871, so The invention is highly practical and is not affected by air disturbances. The invention projects the fan ray (U) formed by the laser beam onto the perpendicular line (50) of the suspension weight (51). If the fan ray (11) and the vertical line (5 〇) completely coincide, the laser sector The fan of the light (11) is in the same state as the vertical line (50). If the laser fan light (11) does not coincide with the vertical line (50), the present invention uses a precision adjustment platform (20) to adjust the angle so that the laser light (11) can coincide with the vertical line (5 inches). ❹ Due to the low precision of the traditional visual method, it is impossible to accurately determine whether the laser beam (11) coincides with the quasi-basic vertical line. Therefore, the present invention proposes a method for detecting a one-dimensional photo-sensing device (CCD), such as A picture shows. Since the projection of the laser fan light (11) is a line during measurement, the laser fan light (n) is projected onto the vertical line (50), as shown in the second figure. The projection of (u) and the perpendicular (50) are inclined to each other with a clamping angle of zero. To investigate the relationship between the angle of deviation and the degree of resolution, and observe the vertical distances W1 and W2 of the vertical line (50), the relationship between the inclination angles is as shown in the formula ❹(2). W=W1-W2 (1) Θ = tan-1 — d (2) where d is the interval between one photo-sensing element (30a) and another photo-sensing element (3〇b) (two observation points) The distance (like the lever arm of the lever), 0, is the inclination angle of the projection of the laser fan light (11). If 0=0, the laser light (11) and the vertical line (5〇) are parallel to each other. Here, the resolution AW of the photo sensing element (30a) (30b) is calculated from the relationship between the equation (3) and the equation 201018871 (4), and the resolution is Δθ.
^ = tan~1^W d (3)^ = tan~1^W d (3)
△θ = θ，- A = tairi ±dxAW d2+W(W 士 AW) ⑷ 由於雷射光線(11)並不是一條理想的線，因此，本發明又以 狹縫掃描的方法’進行雷射光線(11)的寬度量測。本發明係採用 自動化量測的方式，檢測架構如第四圖所示。首先將狹縫元件(62) ❹及光功率計(63)架設在具有馬達之平台（61)上，並調整其一光感 測元件（30a)與另一光感測元件（3〇b)的位置。本發明以懸吊錘重 的概念定義出一條做為基準鉛垂線的垂線(5〇)，因此，在本發明 系統中以錘重(51)(下振)及垂線(50)為工具，將垂線(50)的一端 固定在天花板上或牆面上，另一端則懸掛錘重（51)，由於重力的 影響使得錘重(51)指向地心，因此可定義出一條基準鉛垂線，此 一基準鉛垂線可作為標準及校正的依據，系統架構如第一圖所示。 〇 本發明所提出一種檢測方法，係以槓桿原理與二個光感測元 件(30a)(30b)來測量投影雷射光線(11)的傾角。實際上，由於柱 狀透鏡(20)所扇出雷射光線（11)寬比垂線(5〇)的直徑還寬，因 此，投影的雷射扇面光線(11)會因垂線(5)的遮蔽在後方而產生帶 狀光束，再由光感測元件（30a)(30b)接收並產生感測訊號，如第 三圖所示。 在第三圖的錘線（50)後方以間隔距離設置的二光感測元件 (30a)(30b)，從(4)式可知二者間隔距離越大則解析度越精準。圖 201018871 : ___,_— .. __一— —— __ 中的黑線代表的是垂線(50)，而陰影部份為雷射光裝置（l〇a)的投 衫’當Xl X25t〇時，代表雷射光線(11)的中心線偏離垂線(50)， 此時調整精密的調整平台（2〇)，可使Xi -X2 = 〇。因此利用此(5)(6) 式可算出雷射扇面光線(Π)投影的偏差角度a與B。 © 將偏差值A與B代回(7)式可算出其偏離垂線(50)的角度，其 中（7)式的△是指光感測元件(3〇a)(3〇b)畫素的大小(pixel)，而d 是指上下兩個光感測元件(3〇a)(3〇b)的間隔距離。如果偏差角度 在可容許的範圍内，則此-雷朗面光線⑽投雜是一條精確 的錯垂線。 λ _ + -1 (A — B ) χ Δ e = tan ---=垂直偏差角度 (7) ❹ 一般定義鉛垂線的方法，皆使用傳統懸吊錘重的方式，但缺 點是裝設與使用不易。本發_裝置完成後，可取代傳統目測判 定鉛垂線的方式，而雷射光投射的垂線(5〇)也較為實用。 關於本發明系統精度與性能的檢測。由於雷射光並不是一條 理想的線，因此本發明以狹縫掃描的方法，進行雷射光的寬度量 測。系統採用自動化量測的方式，檢測架構示意圖如第四圖所示。 首先將狹縫元件(62)及光功率計（63)架設在具有馬達之平台 上’並調整其-光感測元件(3Ga)與另—光感測元件(鳥)的位 11 201018871 置，使光源（1)離功率計60cm;檢測時由電腦端透過脱32來控制 平移台（KOHZU)與擷取光功率計的功率值。調整平台（6〗）每步移動 ，總行程為20mm，結果如圖五所示。 由第五圖可知，最大峰值為4.5/zW，半腰寬的功率為2.25// W，兩邊以曲線擬合及二分之一逼近法的處理，找出接近半腰寬的 兩個值，可得雷射光的線寬為1· 1086 nun。由於垂線(5〇)的直裡只 有0· 3mm’因此在垂線(50)後方會產生中間被遮蔽的光帶而如第三 〇圖。 請參看第 A及三圖所示，根據前述的理論，檢測時二 光感測元件（30a)(30b)(Sony ILX526A)置於垂線(5〇)的後方，當 雷射光線（11)與垂線(50)傾斜時，則調整精密的傾斜調整平台 (40) ’使雷射光線(11)與垂線(5〇)重合，測量結果如第六圖所示。 其中縱軸對應於雷射光線⑴）的強度，以其一光感測元件⑽a)與 另一光感測元件(3〇b)的電壓大小來表示，單位為電壓(v)。橫轴 ❹代表晝素，單位為Pixel ’我們以半腰寬的方式，計算出帶狀光束 的寬度’可得XI與X2的座標分別為95.4457與77. 8425個 Pixel，同理由第七圖可得Χ3與χ4，分別為97犯‘與⑺5〇35 個Pixel。根據⑸式與⑹式計算出上下二個垂直方向偏差角度 A 與 B，分別為 9.21025 與 8. 8016 個 Pixel。 檢測前需校正二域測元件⑽a)⑽_直度，由於垂線⑽ 與光感測元件(3Ga)(3Gb)垂直_投影寬度最小，@此根據此一 觀念測量投影直徑的大小並調整二光感測元件(3〇a)(3〇_角 12 201018871 -- 一一 u——.‘一 一一__- . ... ... . . .. ... 度，可確保光感測元件（30a)(30b)的垂直度。此外，本發明的檢 測法對其一光感測元件（30a)與另一光感測元件（30b)的直度並不 敏感，經過校正後即可忽略直度的影響。 由於光感測元件(30a)(30b)的每一晝素的大小為7/zm，而二 光感測元件(30a) (30b)的上下距離為i2cm，利用式(7)的三角函 數關係可算出雷射光線(Π)與此錯垂線的夾角0為4· 9〃。測量精 度主要受限;^信號的解析度與傾斜調整平台（4〇)的調整能力。檢 _測的結果註實了此-方法可作為產生垂直基準的雷射扇面光線 (11)的檢測工具。 本發明採用標準差的方^^估測量的重複率與可靠度，分析 的方法如(8)式所示， 1' (8) 其中X代表所抓取的資料平均值，N為資料筆數，Xi為第i Φ 筆資料，而S代表標準差。 在·可靠度方面，補在8小時咖_量了 3()次並進行 ^析，結果如第八圖所示。其t縱軸代表偏差角度(嶋e〇，橫 輪代表抓取資料的筆數，祕準差及平均值分別為Μ·,與 ，分佈的百分比如表一的第一行所示。同理針對同一 標連續測量100次的結果如第九圖所示。 其中‘準差及平均值分別為s=4 805夕與风抓分佈的 刀比如表的第—仃所示。根據評估結果，準顧已能滿足實 •13 201018871 -**·^ ! 一一一,..卜 用性的要求。 表—：評估標準Μ 士 S ±2S ±3S 長期測量(S=4.1〇9-、 83.33% 93.33% 100% 短期測量(S=4.805,) 67% 94% 100% 肆•結論 本發明所提供之一種結合光感測元件量測垂線垂直度的檢測 裝置，與前述引證案及其他習用技術相互比較時，更具有下列之 優點： 1·本發明提出一種產生與檢測鉛垂雷射光線的方法，透過雷 射光線投射在傳統懸吊錘重的方式定義此一鉛垂線。 2. 當雷射光線投射在此鉛垂線上，利用槓桿原理及光感測元 件檢測器，可精準的檢測與校正此一雷射光線的錯直度。 3. 本發明能以一個標準差在檢測精度於y以内，亦在加大 光感測70件的間隔距離與傾斜調整平台的精度後可進一步的提 升。 4·本發明的量測系統具有架構簡單、精度高與操作方便等優 點，在工薇的環境及條件下，可進行垂直度的量測。 以上所述僅為本發明之一可行實施例之具體說明，惟該實施 例並非用以限制本發明之專利範圍，凡未脫離本發明技藝精神所 為之等效實施或變更，均應包含於本案之專利範圍中。 綜上所述，本發明所具體界定於請求項之技術特徵未見於同 類習知技術，並能產生進步功效，且可供產業充分利用，已充分 201018871 之權ί，謹請貴繼核_，陳物請人合法 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖係本發明基本架構示意圖； 第一-Α圖係本發明光感測元件對應垂線之正面示意圖； 第二圖係本發雷射光線與㈣線幾侧係示意圖； ❺第二_本發明其雷射光線触線幾何獅示意圖； 第四圖係本發明量測鉛垂線寬度之示意圖； 第五圖係本發明墨線儀垂線的能量分佈示意圖； 第六圖係本發明其一光感測元件檢測上方的垂直能量分佈曲線示 *1ΞΙ · 國， 第七圖係本發明另一光感測元件檢測下方的垂直能量分佈曲線示 意圖； ❹ 第八圖係本發明長期測量雷射光線偏差角度關係圖；及 第九圖係本發明短期測量雷射光線偏差角度關係圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 (10) 光源 （10a)雷射光裝置 (11) 雷射光線 （20)柱狀透鏡 (30a)(30b)光感測元件（31)計算手段 (40)調整平台 （41)基座 (42)載台 （43)調整手段 201018871 (50)垂線 (61)平台 (63)功率計 (51)錘重 (62)狹縫元件 (70)物件Δθ = θ, - A = tairi ±dxAW d2+W(W AW) (4) Since the laser light (11) is not an ideal line, the present invention performs laser light by slit scanning method. (11) Width measurement. The invention adopts the method of automatic measurement, and the detection architecture is as shown in the fourth figure. First, the slit element (62) and the optical power meter (63) are mounted on a platform (61) having a motor, and a light sensing element (30a) and another light sensing element (3〇b) are adjusted. s position. The present invention defines a vertical line (5〇) as a reference plumb line by the concept of the weight of the hanging hammer. Therefore, in the system of the present invention, the hammer weight (51) (downward vibration) and the vertical line (50) are used as tools. One end of the vertical line (50) is fixed on the ceiling or the wall surface, and the other end is suspended from the weight of the hammer (51). Due to the influence of gravity, the weight of the hammer (51) is pointed to the center of the earth, so a reference plumb line can be defined. The reference plumb line can be used as a basis for calibration and calibration. The system architecture is shown in the first figure. 〇 A detection method proposed by the present invention measures the inclination of the projected laser beam (11) by the principle of leverage and two light sensing elements (30a) (30b). In fact, since the laser light (11) fanned out by the lenticular lens (20) is wider than the vertical line (5 〇), the projected laser fan light (11) is blocked by the vertical line (5). A strip beam is generated at the rear, and then received by the photo sensing element (30a) (30b) and a sensing signal is generated, as shown in the third figure. The two-light sensing element (30a) (30b) disposed at a distance from the rear of the hammer line (50) in the third figure, from equation (4), shows that the larger the separation distance is, the more accurate the resolution is. Figure 201018871: ___, __ .. __一— __ The black line in the __ represents the vertical line (50), and the shadow part is the projection of the laser light device (l〇a) 'When Xl X25t〇 , the center line of the laser light (11) deviates from the vertical line (50). At this time, adjust the precision adjustment platform (2〇) to make Xi -X2 = 〇. Therefore, using the equations (5) and (6), the deviation angles a and B of the projection of the laser beam (Π) can be calculated. © Deriving the deviation values A and B back to equation (7) to calculate the angle from the vertical line (50), where Δ of the equation (7) refers to the photo-sensing element (3〇a) (3〇b) pixel The size (pixel), and d is the distance between the upper and lower two light sensing elements (3〇a) (3〇b). If the deviation angle is within the allowable range, then this - Rayland face ray (10) is a precise misalignment. λ _ + -1 (A — B ) χ Δ e = tan ---= vertical deviation angle (7) ❹ Generally, the method of defining the plumb line is to use the traditional method of hanging hammer weight, but the disadvantage is the installation and use. Not easy. After the completion of the device, it can replace the traditional method of determining the plumb line, and the vertical line of the laser light projection (5〇) is also more practical. Regarding the detection of the accuracy and performance of the system of the present invention. Since the laser light is not an ideal line, the present invention performs the width measurement of the laser light by the slit scanning method. The system adopts the method of automatic measurement, and the schematic diagram of the detection architecture is shown in the fourth figure. First, the slit element (62) and the optical power meter (63) are mounted on a platform having a motor and the position of the light sensing element (3Ga) and the other light sensing element (bird) is adjusted. The light source (1) is separated from the power meter by 60 cm; the power value of the translation stage (KOHZU) and the extracted optical power meter is controlled by the computer end through the strip 32 during the detection. Adjust the platform (6) to move every step, the total stroke is 20mm, the result is shown in Figure 5. As can be seen from the fifth graph, the maximum peak value is 4.5/zW, and the power of the half waist width is 2.25//W. The two sides are processed by curve fitting and one-half approximation to find two values close to the half waist width. The line width of the available laser light is 1·1086 nun. Since the straight line of the vertical line (5 inches) has only 0·3 mm', a light band that is shielded in the middle is generated behind the vertical line (50) as in the third figure. Referring to Figures A and III, according to the above theory, the two-light sensing element (30a) (30b) (Sony ILX526A) is placed behind the vertical line (5〇) when detecting the laser light (11) and When the vertical line (50) is tilted, adjust the precise tilt adjustment platform (40) 'to make the laser light (11) coincide with the vertical line (5〇), and the measurement result is shown in the sixth figure. The vertical axis corresponds to the intensity of the laser beam (1), and is represented by the voltage of one of the photo sensing element (10) a) and the other photo sensing element (3〇b) in units of voltage (v). The horizontal axis ❹ represents the halogen, the unit is Pixel 'we calculate the width of the strip beam in a half-waist width'. The coordinates of XI and X2 are 95.4457 and 77. 8425 Pixel, respectively.得 3 and χ 4, respectively, 97 commit 'with (7) 5 〇 35 Pixel. According to equations (5) and (6), the deviation angles A and B of the upper and lower two directions are calculated, which are 9.21025 and 8. 8016 Pixel, respectively. Before the detection, it is necessary to correct the two-domain measuring component (10) a) (10) _ straightness, because the vertical line (10) and the light sensing element (3Ga) (3Gb) are perpendicular _ projection width is the smallest, @ this is based on this concept to measure the size of the projection diameter and adjust the two light Sensing element (3〇a) (3〇_角12 201018871 - 一一u——.'一一一__- . . . . . . . . . . . The perpendicularity of the measuring element (30a) (30b). Furthermore, the detection method of the present invention is not sensitive to the straightness of one of the light sensing element (30a) and the other of the light sensing element (30b), and after correction The influence of the straightness can be ignored. Since the size of each element of the light sensing element (30a) (30b) is 7/zm, and the distance between the two light sensing elements (30a) (30b) is i2cm, The trigonometric relationship of (7) can be used to calculate the angle between the laser beam (Π) and the vertical line of 0. 9〃. The measurement accuracy is mainly limited; ^ the resolution of the signal and the adjustment ability of the tilt adjustment platform (4〇) The results of the test _ test indicate that the method can be used as a detection tool for the laser beam (11) that produces a vertical reference. The present invention uses the standard deviation to estimate the repetition rate and reliability of the measurement. The analysis method is as shown in equation (8), 1' (8) where X represents the average value of the data captured, N is the number of data, Xi is the i-th Φ data, and S is the standard deviation. In terms of degree, the amount of compensation is 3 () times and the result is as shown in the eighth figure. The vertical axis of t represents the deviation angle (嶋e〇, the horizontal wheel represents the number of pieces of data captured, The secret deviation and the average value are respectively Μ·, and the percentage of distribution is shown in the first row of Table 1. Similarly, the results of continuous measurement of 100 times for the same standard are shown in Figure 9. Among them, the 'quasi-difference and average The values are s=4 805 and the knife of the wind-scratch distribution is shown as the first 仃 of the table. According to the evaluation results, the approval can satisfy the real•13 201018871 -**·^ ! One by one, .. Sexual requirements. Table:: Evaluation criteria S ± 2S ± 3S Long-term measurement (S = 4.1 〇 9 -, 83.33% 93.33% 100% Short-term measurement (S = 4.805,) 67% 94% 100% 肆 • Conclusion The invention provides a detecting device for measuring the perpendicularity of the vertical line in combination with the light sensing component, and has the following advantages when compared with the foregoing cited documents and other conventional techniques: 1 The present invention provides a method of generating and detecting plumb laser light, which is defined by the manner in which the laser beam is projected onto the weight of a conventional suspension hammer. 2. When the laser beam is projected on the plumb line, the lever is utilized. The principle and the light sensing component detector can accurately detect and correct the straightness of the laser light. 3. The invention can detect the accuracy within y with a standard deviation, and also increase the light sensing by 70 pieces. The separation distance and the accuracy of the tilt adjustment platform can be further improved. 4. The measuring system of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, high precision and convenient operation, and the verticality measurement can be performed under the environment and conditions of the work. The above is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and equivalent implementations or alterations of the present invention should be included in the present invention. In the scope of patents. In summary, the technical features specifically defined in the present invention are not found in the same kind of conventional technology, and can produce advanced effects, and can be fully utilized by the industry, and have the full authority of 201018871, please ask your successor _, The first figure is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the present invention; the first-picture is a front view of the vertical line corresponding to the light sensing element of the present invention; the second picture is the laser light of the present invention and (4) Schematic diagram of the side of the line; ❺ second _ the schematic diagram of the laser ray of the laser beam; the fourth figure is a schematic diagram of the width of the plumb line of the invention; the fifth figure is a schematic diagram of the energy distribution of the perpendicular line of the ink meter of the present invention; The sixth figure is a vertical energy distribution curve above the detection of a light sensing element of the present invention. The seventh figure is a schematic diagram of the vertical energy distribution curve detected by another light sensing element of the present invention; ❹ The invention relates to the long-term measurement of the angle relationship diagram of the laser light deviation; and the ninth figure shows the angle relationship diagram of the short-term measurement of the laser light deviation according to the present invention. [Main component symbol description] (10) Light source (10a) laser light device (11) Laser light (20) lenticular lens (30a) (30b) Light sensing element (31) Calculation means (40) Adjustment platform (41) Base (42) stage (43) adjustment means 201018871 (50) vertical line (61) platform (63) power meter (51) hammer weight (62) slit element (70) object
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