CN103706264A - Layer-by-layer self-assembling oxidized graphene nano-filtration membrane and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Layer-by-layer self-assembling oxidized graphene nano-filtration membrane and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a layer-by-layer self-assembling oxidized graphene nano-filtration membrane and a preparation method of the layer-by-layer self-assembling oxidized graphene nano-filtration membrane, which belongs to the technical field of the preparation of a nano-filtration membrane. The layer-by-layer self-assembling oxidized graphene nano-filtration membrane comprises a supporting layer and a functional layer, wherein the functional layer is in a layered structure which is different from the compact structure of the traditional nano-filtration membrane functional layer. The preparation method comprises the following steps of (I) preparing an oxidized graphene solution through a hummers method; and (II) preparing an oxidized graphne nano-filtration membrane through a layer-by-layer self-assembling method. The oxidized graphene nano-filtration membrane is prepared through the layer-by-layer self-assembling method, a water passage is formed between the oxidized graphene lamellas, the distance of the oxidized graphene layer has a good interception effect for ions, the hydrophilia can be improved through the oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the oxidized graphene layer, so that the membrane is good in permeability and interception property. By utilizing the layer-by-layer self-assembling method, the high requirement of the traditional nano-filtration membrane preparation process on the condition can be avoided, the process is simple, the condition is easily controlled, and the application prospect is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of graphene oxide of self assembly layer by layer NF membrane and preparation method thereof, belong to NF membrane preparing technical field.
Background technology
Nanofiltration is a kind of novel pressure-driven membrane separation technique, and between counter-infiltration and ultrafiltration, NF membrane aperture, within the scope of nanoscale, is generally 0.5-2.0nm, due to the effect of film surface charge, monovalence, divalent ion is had to different rejection.The preparation method of NF membrane mainly contains interfacial polymerization, phase inversion, lotus electrochemical process and blending method etc., and interfacial polymerization is most popular a kind of NF membrane preparation method.At present, NF membrane mainly adopts polyamide as ultrathin functional layer, uses interfacial polymerization to prepare polyamide nanofiltration membrane, by the polynary acyl chlorides monomer in polyamine monomer and oil phase in water, at boundary polymerization reaction take place, forms fine and close polyamide functional layer.In interfacial polymerization process, need extremely strictly to control the conditions more rambunctious such as concentration, reaction time, reaction temperature and ambient humidity of reaction monomers, the preparation difficulty that this has greatly increased NF membrane, has limited the application of NF membrane in water treatment and the concentrated field of various separation.
Graphene is a kind ofly by carbon atom, with sp2 hybridized orbit, to form the flat film that hexangle type is honeycomb lattice, the Graphene thickness of monolayer carbon atomic building only has 0.34nm, be current the thinnest and the hardest nano material in the world, there is at present minimum in the world resistivity.Graphene oxide refers in Graphene plane and is connected with oxygen-containing functional group, edge connection carboxyl, and the thickness of mono-layer graphite oxide alkene is in 0.8nm left and right.2012, the scientist of Massachusetts Polytechnics publishes thesis on the famous magazine NANO LETTERS of nano science field, think that porous graphene can effectively improve desalinization efficiency, pass through molecular dynamics simulation, the hole of the nanoscale on Graphene can provide perfect aquaporin, and then improves the transmission rates of water and improve the rejection of salt.But, still do not find at present and can on single-layer graphene, prepare the effective ways that are uniformly distributed nano-pore, porous graphene is used for to desalination also in the molecular dynamics simulation stage.
Self assembly is layer by layer a kind of simple and easy, the multi-functional surface modification method that the nineties in last century, fast development was got up.To utilize the alternating deposit of charged substrate in the solution of oppositely charged to prepare polyelectrolyte self-assembled multilayer film at first, nowadays the raw material of self assembly layer by layer has developed into nanometer field, and the extensive concern that thin-film material has obtained researcher is prepared in graphene/graphene oxide self assembly layer by layer especially in recent years.The graphene/graphene oxide film of preparing by self assembly is layer by layer mainly for the preparation of devices such as electrode or microsensors, still not by graphene/graphene oxide layer by layer self-assembled film be applied to water treatment field.
Publication number is that the Chinese patent of 102989330A passes through to add trace graphite alkene, use traditional interfacial polymerization technique to prepare polymer/graphene hydridization Nano filtering composite membrane, be similar to CNT is added in traditional interfacial polymerization technique and prepares NF membrane, Graphene just, as adding material, improves the performance of NF membrane in to a certain degree; It is the Chinese patent of 102989331A and the Chinese patent that publication number is 103338845A that similar patent of invention also has publication number, all use traditional interface polymerization technique, add the performance of trace graphite alkene improvement film, these hydridization Nano filtering composite membranes are not real graphene oxide NF membrane, do not possess its characteristic, aspect water treatment, still cannot be used widely.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the deficiency that above-mentioned prior art exists, the graphene oxide of self assembly layer by layer NF membrane that a kind of permeability is high, Rejection is good and preparation method thereof is provided.
The graphene oxide of self assembly layer by layer NF membrane of the present invention, comprises supporting layer and functional layer, and special character is that its functional layer is the layer structure that is different from traditional NF membrane functional layer tight structure.
Self assembly graphene oxide NF membrane preparation method layer by layer, special character is to comprise the following steps:
(1). Hummers legal system is for graphene oxide solution: take expansible graphite as raw material, add the concentrated sulfuric acid, potassium permanganate, deionized water, hydrogen peroxide solution, with the Hummmers legal system of modification, obtain graphene oxide solution;
(2). graphene oxide NF membrane is prepared in self assembly layer by layer: take polymer ultrafiltration membrane as basement membrane, use basement membrane to filter graphene oxide solution, the auxiliary self-assembling function layer layer by layer of static pressure is the NF membrane of pure zirconia Graphene.
Further, preparation method's concrete steps of graphene oxide composite nanometer filtering film are as follows:
(1). the concentrated sulfuric acid that is 98% by mass fraction in 0 ℃ of ice-water bath is added in expansible graphite raw material, slowly adds potassium permanganate, stirs, and is placed in water bath with thermostatic control and is heated to 30～40 ℃, keeps 1-3h;
(2). in step (1), in gained solution, slowly drip deionized water to reaction system without Bubble formation, in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 90-100 ℃, stir 10-20 minute, hydrogen peroxide solution to the solution that naturally cooling rear interpolation mass fraction is 30% becomes jonquilleous suspension;
(3). step (2) gained suspension is filtered to obtain to brown color colloid, through the washing of pickling and deionized water to neutral, dry after in ultra-pure water ultrasonic dispersion centrifugally operated, supernatant is placed in drying baker and dries to obtain graphene oxide powder;
(4). in step (3), gained graphene oxide powder is placed in the ultrasonic dispersion of polar solvent 1-5h, and centrifugal rear removal supernatant, obtains graphene oxide solution;
(5). take polymer ultrafiltration membrane as basement membrane, use basement membrane to filter graphene oxide solution, under 0.05-0.5MPa static pressure, constantly promote graphene oxide solution and make solvent molecule see through milipore filter, obtain moistening graphene oxide NF membrane;
(6). the graphene oxide NF membrane making is placed in to vacuum drying chamber dry.
In described step (1), every 1g expansible graphite adds the 100ml concentrated sulfuric acid, and potassium permanganate quality is 3-5 times of expansible graphite quality.
In described step (4), the concentration of graphene oxide solution is 0.0005-0.05mg/l.
Every square metre of ultrafiltration membrance filter 2-50L graphene oxide solution in described step (5).
Described polar solvent is water or the alcohols without dissolution to basement membrane.
Described polymer milipore filter material is any in polysulfones, polyether sulfone, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polyethylene, Kynoar, cellulose acetate class, Polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polycaprolactam or poly-furans alcohol.
The present invention is self assembly graphene oxide NF membrane layer by layer, by self assembly layer by layer, prepare graphene oxide NF membrane, form the aquaporin between graphene oxide lamella, and graphene oxide interlamellar spacing also has good crown_interception to ion, its surperficial oxygen-containing functional group can also increase hydrophily, and then makes film have good permeability and Rejection.Use self-assembly method layer by layer, can avoid the harsh requirement of traditional NF membrane preparation technology to condition, technique is simple, condition is easily controlled, and has great application prospect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the present invention is the surface sweeping Electronic Speculum figure in self assembly graphene oxide NF membrane cross section layer by layer;
Fig. 2: the aquaporin schematic diagram of layered graphite oxide olefinic functionality layer.
The specific embodiment
Below provide the specific embodiment of the present invention, be used for the present invention to be further described.
Embodiment 1
One .Hummers legal system is for graphene oxide solution
1g expansible graphite is placed in to there-necked flask, in there-necked flask, adds the 100ml concentrated sulfuric acid, and in ice-water bath, keep mixture temperature below 4 ℃, slowly add again 3g potassium permanganate, in ice-water bath, continue to stir 30min, after in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 30～40 ℃, stir 2.5h; Slowly to drip in there-necked flask deionized water to reaction system without Bubble formation, in dropping process, guarantee that reaction system do not seethe with excitement, after dropwising, in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 90-100 ℃, and stir 15min, then be transferred in beaker naturally cooling, after to add 15ml mass fraction be 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, solution becomes glassy yellow suspension.
Above-mentioned gained suspension obtains brown color colloid after using qualitative filter paper to filter, the watery hydrochloric acid that is 10% by this brown color colloid service property (quality) mark washing, then with deionized water cyclic washing to colloid, be neutral, oven dry is placed on ultrasonic dispersion 2h in ultra-pure water, after carry out centrifugally operated, get supernatant and be placed in 60 ℃ of baking ovens and dry 48h, standby.
Above-mentioned oven dry gained is graphene oxide powder, takes 5mg graphene oxide powder and is placed in the ultrasonic assist in dissolving of 100ml ultra-pure water and obtains 0.05mg/ml graphene oxide solution.
Two. graphene oxide NF membrane is prepared in self assembly layer by layer
Polysulphone super-filter membrane functional layer is placed in to membrane cisterna upward, and places O-ring seals in film top, membrane cisterna second half to be positioned over O shape circle upper, rear use screw by membrane cisterna two halves near and compress O shape circle and guarantee sealing.By the pressurization charging aperture on membrane cisterna top, injected the 0.05mg/ml graphene oxide solution of 100ml, after discontinuous degassing, membrane cisterna is connected with tank of compressed air, open tank of compressed air pressure maintaining valve, regulate rapidly pressure to 0.1MPa, the promotion that hydrone under this pressure in graphene oxide solution is under pressure sees through milipore filter, graphene oxide in solution is blocked in milipore filter surface, and due to the layer structure of graphene oxide, the graphene oxide plane on milipore filter surface is parallel with milipore filter surface, along with constantly seeing through of water, more graphene oxide is in milipore filter surface-assembled, form layer structure.After 10min, the NF membrane assembling is placed in to the dry 6h of 60 ℃ of vacuum drying chambers.
Embodiment 2:
One .Hummers legal system is for graphene oxide solution
1g expansible graphite is placed in to there-necked flask, in there-necked flask, adds the 100ml concentrated sulfuric acid, and in ice-water bath, keep mixture temperature below 4 ℃, slowly add again 3g potassium permanganate, in ice-water bath, continue to stir 30min, after in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 30-40 ℃, stir 2.5h; Slowly to drip in there-necked flask deionized water to reaction system without Bubble formation, in dropping process, guarantee that reaction system do not seethe with excitement, after dropwising, in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 90-100 ℃, and stir 15min, then be transferred in beaker naturally cooling, after to add 15ml mass fraction be 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, solution becomes jonquilleous suspension.
Above-mentioned gained suspension obtains brown color colloid after using qualitative filter paper to filter, the watery hydrochloric acid that is 10% by this brown color colloid service property (quality) mark washing, then with deionized water cyclic washing to colloid, be neutral, be placed in the ultrasonic dispersion of ultra-pure water 2h, after carry out centrifugally operated, get supernatant and be placed in 60 ℃ of baking ovens and dry 48h, standby.
Above-mentioned oven dry gained is graphene oxide powder, takes 1mg graphene oxide powder and is placed in the ultrasonic assist in dissolving of 100ml ultra-pure water and obtains 0.01mg/ml graphene oxide solution.
Two. graphene oxide NF membrane is prepared in self assembly layer by layer
Polysulphone super-filter membrane functional layer is placed in to membrane cisterna upward, and places O-ring seals in film top, membrane cisterna second half to be positioned over O shape circle upper, rear use screw by membrane cisterna two halves near and compress O shape circle and guarantee sealing.By the pressurization charging aperture on membrane cisterna top, injected the 0.01mg/ml graphene oxide solution of 100ml, after discontinuous degassing, membrane cisterna is connected with tank of compressed air, open tank of compressed air pressure maintaining valve, regulate rapidly pressure to 0.1MPa, the promotion that hydrone under this pressure in graphene oxide solution is under pressure sees through milipore filter, graphene oxide in solution is blocked in milipore filter surface, and due to the layer structure of graphene oxide, the graphene oxide plane on milipore filter surface is parallel with milipore filter surface, along with constantly seeing through of water, more graphene oxide is in milipore filter surface-assembled, form layer structure.After 10min, the NF membrane assembling is placed in to the dry 6h of 60 ℃ of vacuum drying chambers.
Embodiment 3:
One .Hummers legal system is for graphene oxide solution
1g expansible graphite is placed in to there-necked flask, in there-necked flask, adds the 100ml concentrated sulfuric acid, and in ice-water bath, keep mixture temperature below 4 ℃, slowly add again 3g potassium permanganate, in ice-water bath, continue to stir 30min, after in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 30-40 ℃, stir 2.5h; Slowly to drip in there-necked flask deionized water to reaction system without Bubble formation, in dropping process, guarantee that reaction system do not seethe with excitement, after dropwising, in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 90-100 ℃, and stir 15min, then be transferred in beaker naturally cooling, after to add 15ml mass fraction be 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, solution becomes glassy yellow suspension.
Above-mentioned gained suspension obtains brown color colloid after using qualitative filter paper to filter, the watery hydrochloric acid that is 10% by this brown color colloid service property (quality) mark washing, then with deionized water cyclic washing to colloid, be neutral, be placed in the ultrasonic dispersion of ultra-pure water 2h, after carry out centrifugally operated, get supernatant and be placed in 60 ℃ of baking ovens and dry 48h, standby.
Above-mentioned oven dry gained is graphene oxide powder, takes 0.5mg graphene oxide powder and is placed in the ultrasonic assist in dissolving of 100ml ultra-pure water and obtains 0.005mg/ml graphene oxide solution.
Two. graphene oxide NF membrane is prepared in self assembly layer by layer
Polysulphone super-filter membrane functional layer is placed in to membrane cisterna upward, and places O-ring seals in film top, membrane cisterna second half to be positioned over O shape circle upper, rear use screw by membrane cisterna two halves near and compress O shape circle and guarantee sealing.By the pressurization charging aperture on membrane cisterna top, injected the 0.005mg/ml graphene oxide solution of 100ml, after discontinuous degassing, membrane cisterna is connected with tank of compressed air, open tank of compressed air pressure maintaining valve, regulate rapidly pressure to 0.1MPa, the promotion that hydrone under this pressure in graphene oxide solution is under pressure sees through milipore filter, graphene oxide in solution is blocked in milipore filter surface, and due to the layer structure of graphene oxide, the graphene oxide plane on milipore filter surface is parallel with milipore filter surface, along with constantly seeing through of water, more graphene oxide is in milipore filter surface-assembled, form layer structure.After 10min, the NF membrane assembling is placed in to the dry 6h of 60 ℃ of vacuum drying chambers.
The prepared NF membrane of embodiment 1-3, at 25 ℃, is evaluated on instrument and measured for pure water flux and 2000mg/L sodium chloride solution salt-stopping rate in NF membrane, and characterize the impact of functional layer thickness on NF membrane performance, and acquired results is listed in the table below:
Embodiment 4
One .Hummers legal system is for graphene oxide solution
1g expansible graphite is placed in to there-necked flask, in there-necked flask, adds the 100ml concentrated sulfuric acid, and in ice-water bath, keep mixture temperature below 4 ℃, slowly add again 5g potassium permanganate, in ice-water bath, continue to stir 30min, after in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 30-40 ℃, stir 3h; Slowly to drip in there-necked flask deionized water to reaction system without Bubble formation, in dropping process, guarantee that reaction system do not seethe with excitement, after dropwising, in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 90-100 ℃, and stir 15min, then be transferred in beaker naturally cooling, after to add 15ml mass fraction be 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, solution becomes jonquilleous suspension.
Above-mentioned gained suspension obtains brown color colloid after using qualitative filter paper to filter, the watery hydrochloric acid that is 10% by this brown color colloid service property (quality) mark washing, then with deionized water cyclic washing to colloid, be neutral, be placed in the ultrasonic dispersion of ultra-pure water 2h, after carry out centrifugally operated, get supernatant and be placed in 60 ℃ of baking ovens and dry 48h, standby.
Above-mentioned oven dry gained is graphene oxide powder, takes 5mg graphene oxide powder and is placed in the ultrasonic assist in dissolving of 100ml ultra-pure water and obtains 0.05mg/ml graphene oxide solution.
Two. graphene oxide NF membrane is prepared in self assembly layer by layer
Polypropylene milipore filter functional layer is placed in to membrane cisterna upward, and places O-ring seals in film top, membrane cisterna second half to be positioned over O shape circle upper, rear use screw by membrane cisterna two halves near and compress O shape circle and guarantee sealing.By the pressurization charging aperture on membrane cisterna top, injected the 0.05mg/ml graphene oxide solution of 100ml, after discontinuous degassing, membrane cisterna is connected with tank of compressed air, open tank of compressed air pressure maintaining valve, regulate rapidly pressure to 0.5MPa, the promotion that hydrone under this pressure in graphene oxide solution is under pressure sees through milipore filter, graphene oxide in solution is blocked in milipore filter surface, and due to the layer structure of graphene oxide, the graphene oxide plane on milipore filter surface is parallel with milipore filter surface, along with constantly seeing through of water, more graphene oxide is in milipore filter surface-assembled, form layer structure.After 10min, the NF membrane assembling is placed in to the dry 6h of 60 ℃ of vacuum drying chambers.
Embodiment 5
One .Hummers legal system is for graphene oxide solution
1g expansible graphite is placed in to there-necked flask, in there-necked flask, adds the 100ml concentrated sulfuric acid, and in ice-water bath, keep mixture temperature below 4 ℃, slowly add again 4g potassium permanganate, in ice-water bath, continue to stir 30min, after in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 30-40 ℃, stir 1h; Slowly to drip in there-necked flask deionized water to reaction system without Bubble formation, in dropping process, guarantee that reaction system do not seethe with excitement, after dropwising, in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 90-100 ℃, and stir 10min, then be transferred in beaker naturally cooling, after to add 15ml mass fraction be 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, solution becomes glassy yellow suspension.
Above-mentioned gained suspension obtains brown color colloid after using qualitative filter paper to filter, the watery hydrochloric acid that is 10% by this brown color colloid service property (quality) mark washing, then with deionized water cyclic washing to colloid, be neutral, be placed in the ultrasonic dispersion of ultra-pure water 2h, after carry out centrifugally operated, get supernatant and be placed in 60 ℃ of baking ovens and dry 48h, standby.
Above-mentioned oven dry gained is graphene oxide powder, takes 0.07mg graphene oxide powder and is placed in the ultrasonic assist in dissolving of 100ml ethanol and obtains 0.0007mg/ml graphene oxide solution.
Two. graphene oxide NF membrane is prepared in self assembly layer by layer
Polysulphone super-filter membrane functional layer is placed in to membrane cisterna upward, and places O-ring seals in film top, membrane cisterna second half to be positioned over O shape circle upper, rear use screw by membrane cisterna two halves near and compress O shape circle and guarantee sealing.By the pressurization charging aperture on membrane cisterna top, injected the 0.0007mg/ml graphene oxide solution of 100ml, after discontinuous degassing, membrane cisterna is connected with tank of compressed air, open tank of compressed air pressure maintaining valve, regulate rapidly pressure to 0.05MPa, the promotion that ethanol molecule under this pressure in graphene oxide solution is under pressure sees through milipore filter, graphene oxide in solution is blocked in milipore filter surface, and due to the layer structure of graphene oxide, the graphene oxide plane on milipore filter surface is parallel with milipore filter surface, along with constantly seeing through of ethanol, more graphene oxide is in milipore filter surface-assembled, form layer structure.After 10min, the NF membrane assembling is placed in to the dry 6h of 60 ℃ of vacuum drying chambers.
Embodiment 6
One .Hummers legal system is for graphene oxide solution
1g expansible graphite is placed in to there-necked flask, in there-necked flask, adds the 100ml concentrated sulfuric acid, and in ice-water bath, keep mixture temperature below 4 ℃, slowly add again 3g potassium permanganate, in ice-water bath, continue to stir 30min, after in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 30-40 ℃, stir 1h; Slowly to drip in there-necked flask deionized water to reaction system without Bubble formation, in dropping process, guarantee that reaction system do not seethe with excitement, after dropwising, in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 90-100 ℃, and stir 10min, then be transferred in beaker naturally cooling, after to add 15ml mass fraction be 30% hydrogen peroxide solution, solution becomes glassy yellow suspension.
Above-mentioned gained suspension obtains brown color colloid after using qualitative filter paper to filter, the watery hydrochloric acid that is 10% by this brown color colloid service property (quality) mark washing, then with deionized water cyclic washing to colloid, be neutral, be placed in the ultrasonic dispersion of ultra-pure water 2h, after carry out centrifugally operated, get supernatant and be placed in 60 ℃ of baking ovens and dry 48h, standby.
Above-mentioned oven dry gained is graphene oxide powder, takes 1mg graphene oxide powder and is placed in the ultrasonic assist in dissolving of 100ml ethanol and obtains 0.01mg/ml graphene oxide solution.
Two. graphene oxide NF membrane is prepared in self assembly layer by layer
Polycaprolactam milipore filter functional layer is placed in to membrane cisterna upward, and places O-ring seals in film top, membrane cisterna second half to be positioned over O shape circle upper, rear use screw by membrane cisterna two halves near and compress O shape circle and guarantee sealing.By the pressurization charging aperture on membrane cisterna top, injected the 0.01mg/ml graphene oxide solution of 100ml, after discontinuous degassing, membrane cisterna is connected with tank of compressed air, open tank of compressed air pressure maintaining valve, regulate rapidly pressure to 0.2MPa, the promotion that ethanol molecule under this pressure in graphene oxide solution is under pressure sees through milipore filter, graphene oxide in solution is blocked in milipore filter surface, and due to the layer structure of graphene oxide, the graphene oxide plane on milipore filter surface is parallel with milipore filter surface, along with constantly seeing through of ethanol, more graphene oxide is in milipore filter surface-assembled, form layer structure.After 10min, the NF membrane assembling is placed in to the dry 6h of 60 ℃ of vacuum drying chambers.
The present invention is self assembly graphene oxide NF membrane layer by layer, by self assembly layer by layer, prepare graphene oxide NF membrane, form the aquaporin between graphene oxide lamella, and graphene oxide interlamellar spacing also has good crown_interception to ion, its surperficial oxygen-containing functional group can also increase hydrophily, and then makes film have good permeability and Rejection.Use self-assembly method layer by layer, can avoid the harsh requirement of traditional NF membrane preparation technology to condition, technique is simple, condition is easily controlled, and has great application prospect.
Claims (8)
1. self assembly graphene oxide NF membrane layer by layer, comprises supporting layer and functional layer, it is characterized in that its functional layer is layer structure.
2. the preparation method of the graphene oxide of self assembly layer by layer NF membrane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1). Hummers legal system is for graphene oxide solution: take expansible graphite as raw material, add the concentrated sulfuric acid, potassium permanganate, deionized water, hydrogen peroxide solution, with the Hummmers legal system of modification, obtain graphene oxide solution;
(2). graphene oxide NF membrane is prepared in self assembly layer by layer: take polymer ultrafiltration membrane as basement membrane, use basement membrane to filter graphene oxide solution, the auxiliary self-assembling function layer layer by layer of static pressure is the NF membrane of pure zirconia Graphene.
3. the preparation method of graphene oxide composite nanometer filtering film as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
(1). the concentrated sulfuric acid that is 98% by mass fraction in 0 ℃ of ice-water bath is added in expansible graphite raw material, slowly adds potassium permanganate, stirs, and is placed in water bath with thermostatic control and is heated to 30～40 ℃, keeps 1-3h;
In step (1), in gained solution, slowly drip deionized water to reaction system without Bubble formation, in water bath with thermostatic control, be warming up to 90-100 ℃, stir 10-20 minute, hydrogen peroxide solution to the solution that naturally cooling rear interpolation mass fraction is 30% becomes jonquilleous suspension;
(3). step (2) gained suspension is filtered to obtain to brown color colloid, through the washing of pickling and deionized water to neutral, dry after in ultra-pure water ultrasonic dispersion centrifugally operated, supernatant is placed in drying baker and dries to obtain graphene oxide powder;
(4). in step (3), gained graphene oxide powder is placed in the ultrasonic dispersion of polar solvent 1-5h, and centrifugal rear removal supernatant, obtains graphene oxide solution;
(5). take polymer ultrafiltration membrane as basement membrane, use basement membrane to filter graphene oxide solution, under 0.05-0.5MPa static pressure, constantly promote graphene oxide solution and make solvent molecule see through milipore filter, obtain moistening graphene oxide NF membrane;
(6). the graphene oxide NF membrane making is placed in to vacuum drying chamber dry.
4. the preparation method of graphene oxide composite nanometer filtering film as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that in described step (1), every 1g expansible graphite adds the 100ml concentrated sulfuric acid, and potassium permanganate quality is 3-5 times of expansible graphite quality.
5. the preparation method of graphene oxide composite nanometer filtering film as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that the concentration of graphene oxide solution in described step (4) is 0.0005-0.05mg/l.
6. the preparation method of graphene oxide composite nanometer filtering film as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that every square metre of ultrafiltration membrance filter 2-50L graphene oxide solution in described step (5).
7. the preparation method of graphene oxide composite nanometer filtering film as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that described polar solvent is for water or the alcohols without dissolution to basement membrane.
8. the preparation method of graphene oxide composite nanometer filtering film as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that described polymer ultrafiltration membrane material is any in polysulfones, polyether sulfone, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene, polyethylene, Kynoar, cellulose acetate class, Polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polycaprolactam or poly-furans alcohol.
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