CN103701104A - Short circuit detection and protection method and device for multiple IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) - Google Patents
Short circuit detection and protection method and device for multiple IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short circuit detection and protection method and device for multiple IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors). The method comprises the steps of 1, sending a drive pulse to each IGBT, receiving the drive pulse by the IGBT and driving the IGBT to be on; 2, detecting voltage values at two ends of each IGBT in real time, judging whether the voltages values are larger than a preset short-circuit voltage threshold value, if yes, judging that the interior of the IGBT is in an open circuit fault state, and sending a judgment result; 3, converting the detected short circuit voltage into a short circuit current value, computing the target multiple of the short circuit voltage and the short circuit current, judging whether the target multiple is larger than a preset multiple threshold value, if yes, reducing the drive pulse to a negative level, and driving the IGBT to be switched off. The device comprises a plurality of short-circuit detection protection modules which are used for detecting the IGBT fault in real time and performing shutoff protection. The short circuit detection and protection method and device have the advantages that the implement method is simple, the protection parameters are consistent, the IGBTs can be detected and protected in a unified and coordinated manner.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to IGBT field, relate in particular to a kind of a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and guard method and device.
Background technology
For IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) detection protection, mainly comprise following three kinds of methods:
(1) adopt analog discrete components to realize, yet the required number of elements of these class methods is many and complicated.Particularly, for the system of a plurality of IGBT, due to analogue device discreteness, also can have the inconsistent situation of Protection parameters, and Protection parameters along with changing, time-temperature can produce skew.
(2) adopt integration module to realize; integration module is in fact also comprised of analog discrete components; owing to being packaged into module; can be easy to use; yet there is above-mentioned defect in this scheme equally; for the system of a plurality of IGBT, the inconsistent and Protection parameters of Protection parameters can produce skew along with time-temperature changes.
In above-mentioned two schemes, when IGBT protection threshold value is used at the scene, cannot adjust as the case may be; When IGBT breaks down, short-circuit current value cannot precise quantification, can not show to carry out Real Time Observation simultaneously, is not easy to ex-post analysis.
(3) adopt Hall element to carry out IGBT short-circuit detecting, but there is the speed issue of protection response in this type of scheme, cannot realize the miniaturization of product, in actual product, seldom adopt.
As shown in Figure 1, conventional I GBT short-circuit detection protection structural principle, adopts discrete analogue device to carry out IGBT detection and protection, then to central processing element transmission data.Adopt this type of scheme, required element is numerous, and each shutter limit value has deviation, and protection is inaccurate; On the other hand shutter limit value be fix and cannot change, simultaneously limited to the data of central processing element U1 transmission and have deviation, cannot reflect IGBT malfunction comprehensively.
When IGBT is applied in hyperbaric environment; for example, in high voltage converter; IGBT is operated in (electric pressure is from 380V to 10000V) in major loop electrical network; and major loop electrical network is an environment that changes complexity and serious interference; while adopting programmable chip to carry out direct-detection and protection to IGBT, very likely can cause the programmable chip cisco unity malfunction that is interfered.In prior art; be all by for detection of with protection programmable chip be placed on low-pressure side; carry out photoelectricity isolation or magnetic isolation with major loop electrical network; therefore IGBT short-circuit detection protection all adopts discrete analogue device to carry out, and the difference in each scheme is that circuit structure and packing forms are distinguished to some extent.Programmable chip is normally worked in major loop electrical network, needs to meet following two conditions:
A, assurance programmable chip stable operating voltage.A method that meets this condition is to adopt high frequency switch power to power to programmable chip, can adjust in time the power supply of chip fluctuation by adjusting the operating frequency of Switching Power Supply; Another one method is each the use pin connection low-impedance capacitor at chip, and the characteristic of utilizing electric capacity both end voltage not suddenly change, suppresses instantaneous interference.The voltage range that capacitance size allows according to chip is chosen, and affects signaling rate, too little unrestraint effect if be worth too conference;
Voltage on B, any pin of programmable chip is no more than the working power voltage of programmable chip.Meet this condition only needs definite voltage is provided to each pin of chip, there is the pin of input and output work all can have clear and definite voltage signal, therefore by the pin that does not need to use by draw or pull down resistor ground connection, prevent the indefinite voltage of unsettled formation and breakdown.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is just: the technical problem existing for prior art, the invention provides that a kind of implementation method is simple, Protection parameters consistent, can unify to detect and protection, be convenient to a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and guard method and the device of precise quantification and observation analysis a plurality of IGBT.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention proposes is:
A plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and a guard method, step is:
(1), to the lasting transmission positive level driving pulse of each IGBT, IGBT receives driving pulse and drives IGBT open-minded;
(2) detect in real time the magnitude of voltage at each IGBT two ends, judge whether to be greater than default short-circuit voltage threshold value, if yes, be judged to be the inner open fault of IGBT and send result of determination, proceed to execution step (4); If NO, proceed to execution step (3);
(3) short-circuit voltage detection being obtained is converted to short-circuit current value and calculates short-circuit voltage and the target multiple of short circuit current, judge whether target multiple is greater than default multiple threshold value, if yes, be judged to be IGBT short trouble and send result of determination, proceeding to execution step (4); If NO, return to execution step (2);
(4) driving pulse is reduced to negative level, drive IGBT to turn-off.
Further improvement as the inventive method: the method that the short-circuit voltage in described step (3), detection being obtained is converted to short-circuit current value is: the curve table of the short-circuit voltage value of IGBT and short-circuit current value is divided into a plurality of segments, the corresponding relation that obtains according to the following formula each section of curve short-circuit voltage value and short-circuit current value, short-circuit voltage detection being obtained according to corresponding relation is converted to short-circuit current value;
Y
n=K
nX(X
n≤X≤X
n+1)
Wherein, Y
nbe the short-circuit current value of n section, the short-circuit voltage value that X is n section, K
nit is the multiple relation of n section short-circuit voltage and short circuit current.
Further improvement as the inventive method: the curve table of the short-circuit voltage value of IGBT and short-circuit current value is divided into 10 segments.
Further improvement as the inventive method: also comprise the IGBT Damage by Short Circuit determination flow that step (1) is front, concrete methods of realizing is: the voltage that detects IGBT two ends, determine whether lower than the short-circuit voltage threshold value arranging, if yes, be judged to be IGBT Damage by Short Circuit fault and send result of determination, to IGBT, send negative level driving pulse, drive IGBT to turn-off; If NO, execution step (1).
A plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and a protective device, comprise a plurality of short-circuit detection protection modules, and described in each, short-circuit detection protection module comprises driver element, short-circuit detection protection unit; Described in each, driver element drives IGBT open-minded to the lasting transmission positive level driving pulse of corresponding IGBT, described in each, short-circuit detection protection unit detects the magnitude of voltage at corresponding IGBT two ends in real time, judge whether to be greater than default short-circuit voltage threshold value, if yes, be judged to be the inner open fault of IGBT and send result of determination, positive level driving pulse is reduced to negative level, export to driver element, drive IGBT to turn-off; If NO; short-circuit voltage is converted to short-circuit current value and calculates short-circuit voltage and the target multiple of short circuit current; judge whether target multiple is greater than default multiple threshold value; if yes, be judged to be IGBT short trouble and send result of determination, positive level driving pulse is reduced to negative level; export to driver element; drive IGBT to turn-off, if NO, continue to carry out short-circuit detection protection unit.
Further improvement as apparatus of the present invention: described short-circuit detection protection unit comprises that the short-circuit voltage connecting successively gathers subelement, short circuit current is processed subelement and testing result output subelement; Described short-circuit voltage gathers the voltage that subelement gathers IGBT two ends, export to short circuit current and process subelement, the short-circuit voltage that described short circuit current processing subelement obtains detection is converted to short circuit current, calculates the target multiple of short-circuit current value and short-circuit voltage value, according to the malfunction of default short-circuit voltage threshold value and multiple threshold value judgement IGBT, by testing result output subelement output short circuit current value and malfunction result of determination.
Further improvement as apparatus of the present invention: described short circuit current is processed subelement and comprised amplifier, ultra high speed A/D conversion chip and the programmable logic chip connecting successively; Described programmable logic chip is for short-circuit voltage being converted to short circuit current and calculating short circuit current and the multiple of short-circuit voltage, according to the malfunction of default short-circuit voltage threshold value and multiple threshold value judgement IGBT.
Further improvement as apparatus of the present invention: the power supply end of described programmable logic chip is connected or is extremely connected with the emitting stage E of IGBT by a resistance with the emitting stage E end of IGBT.
Further improvement as apparatus of the present invention: also comprise the human-computer interaction module being connected with each short-circuit detection protection module, described human-computer interaction module comprises parameter set unit and shows touch control unit; Described parameter set unit, is used for generating the mapping table of each IGBT short-circuit voltage value and short-circuit current value, and short-circuit voltage threshold value and multiple threshold value are set; Described demonstration touch control unit, is used for receiving the malfunction result of determination of short-circuit detecting module output and showing.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the present invention is by arranging unified short circuit threshold value, when carrying out IGBT short-circuit detecting, detect in real time IGBT both end voltage, according to the malfunction of default short circuit threshold value judgement IGBT, when breaking down, judgement turn-offs in time IGBT, implementation method is simple, has guaranteed that the shutter limit value of all IGBT is consistent, avoids the generation of protecting misoperation or being failure to actuate; According to the corresponding relation of the short-circuit voltage of different I GBT and short circuit current, differentiate respectively processing, the malfunction of the IGBT detecting is carried out to accurate classification and process, realize the unified co-ordination of a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and protection simultaneously.
(2) after carrying out IGBT short-circuit detecting, to send short circuit current and fault status information mutual to carry out in the present invention, according to IGBT real-time running state, can short circuit threshold value be arranged and be revised, can be applicable to different types of IGBT, realize the precise quantification to short circuit current simultaneously, be convenient to Real Time Observation analysis and process afterwards.
(3) the present invention adopts programmable logic chip to complete short-circuit detecting and defencive function; easy to use with expansion; during simultaneously for hyperbaric environment, the programmable logic chip for short-circuit detection protection is placed on to high pressure major loop side; its power supply end is connected with the emitting stage E end of IGBT or is connected with the emitting stage E end of IGBT by a resistance; without isolating; directly accurately detect and real-time guard; break through traditional programmable chip and can only be operated in environment under low pressure, can not be operated in the constraint of hyperbaric environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is conventional I GBT short-circuit detection protection structural principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and guard method schematic flow sheet in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and guard method schematic flow sheet in the specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting of the present embodiment and protective device structural representation.
Fig. 5 is a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting of the present embodiment and protective device interface schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is that in the concrete Application Example of the present invention, central authorities process transport module electrical block diagram.
Fig. 7 is a short-circuit detection protection modular circuit structural representation in the concrete Application Example of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is that a plurality of IGBT short-circuit protections of the present invention detect and protective device structural principle schematic diagram in concrete Application Example.
Fig. 9 is communication module electrical block diagram in the concrete Application Example of the present invention.
Figure 10 is power module circuitry structural representation in the concrete Application Example of the present invention.
Figure 11 is human-computer interaction module interface schematic diagram in the concrete Application Example of the present invention.
Marginal data
1, short-circuit detection protection module; 2, central authorities process transport module; 3, human-computer interaction module; 4, communication module; 5, power module.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the invention will be further described with concrete preferred embodiment, but protection range not thereby limiting the invention.
As shown in Figure 2, a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting of the present invention and guard method, step is:
(1), to the lasting transmission positive level driving pulse of each IGBT, IGBT receives driving pulse and drives IGBT open-minded;
(2) detect in real time the magnitude of voltage at each IGBT two ends, judge whether to be greater than default short-circuit voltage threshold value, if yes, be judged to be the inner open fault of IGBT and send result of determination, proceed to execution step (4); If NO, proceed to execution step (3);
(3) short-circuit voltage detection being obtained is converted to short-circuit current value and calculates short-circuit voltage and the target multiple of short circuit current, judge whether target multiple is greater than default multiple threshold value, if yes, be judged to be IGBT short trouble and send result of determination, proceeding to execution step (4); If NO, return to execution step (2);
(4) driving pulse is reduced to negative level, drive IGBT to turn-off.
Because the manufacturer of IGBT generally only provides the corresponding curve table of short-circuit voltage value and short circuit current, and there is no corresponding functional relation between the two.In the present embodiment, for generating the mapping table of short-circuit voltage value and short circuit current, the curve table of the short-circuit voltage value of IGBT and short-circuit current value is divided into a plurality of segments, obtain according to the following formula the corresponding relation of each section of curve short-circuit voltage value and short-circuit current value, the corresponding relation of all sections forms the mapping table of IGBT short-circuit voltage value and short-circuit current value.
Y
n=K
nX(X
n≤X≤X
n+1)
Wherein, Y
nbe the short-circuit current value of n section, the short-circuit voltage value that X is n section, K
nit is the multiple relation of n section short-circuit voltage and short circuit current.
Short-circuit current value after treatment and short-circuit voltage value mapping table are:
Y
1=K
1X(X
1≤X≤X
2)
………………………………；
Y
n=K
nX(X
n≤X≤X
n+1)
The Duan Yue being divided into is many, and the corresponding relation obtaining is just got over the curve of approaching to reality, and also higher to the memory requirement of chip.In general, getting 10 sections of broken lines can satisfy the demands, so in the present embodiment, the corresponding curve of short-circuit voltage value and short-circuit current value is divided into 10 segments, and n gets 10.
In the present embodiment, each the IGBT short-circuit voltage value generating and the mapping table of short-circuit current value are stored, and short circuit threshold value is set, comprise the multiple threshold value K that sets unified short-circuit voltage threshold value V1, short-circuit voltage value and short-circuit current value.By the threshold value V1 of short-circuit voltage arranging, the mapping table output of the threshold value K of multiple and each IGBT, the criterion of short trouble while detecting as each IGBT.
In the present embodiment, after starting working, to the real-time lasting transmission positive level driving pulse of IGBT, IGBT receives driving pulse and drives open-minded, IGBT opens the magnitude of voltage at each IGBT two ends of rear detection, according to short-circuit voltage value corresponding to the IGBT of storage and the mapping table of short-circuit current value, short-circuit voltage is converted to short-circuit current value, and the short-circuit current value after calculating conversion and the target multiple M of short-circuit voltage value, compare with default multiple threshold value K, if target multiple M surpasses multiple threshold value K, judge that IGBT is in short trouble.According to the level of driving pulse corresponding to the malfunction result of determination control break of each IGBT, when determining IGBT and occur short trouble, after being reduced to negative level, positive level driving pulse sends to IGBT, and drive IGBT to turn-off.
The present invention stores the corresponding relation of the short-circuit voltage of short circuit threshold value and each IGBT and short circuit current; while carrying out IGBT short-circuit detecting; the corresponding relation of the short-circuit voltage detecting and the threshold value of storage and each IGBT compares; the malfunction of judgement IGBT; when there is short trouble; turn-off in time IGBT; implementation method is simple; the shutter limit value that has guaranteed all IGBT is consistent; avoid the generation of protecting misoperation or being failure to actuate, realize the unified co-ordination of a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and protection.
In the present embodiment, also be included in the front IGBT Damage by Short Circuit determination flow of execution step (1), whether before driving IGBT to open, detect IGBT damages, concrete methods of realizing is: the voltage that detects IGBT two ends, determine whether lower than the short-circuit voltage threshold value arranging, if yes, be judged to be IGBT Damage by Short Circuit fault and send result of determination, to IGBT, send negative level driving pulse, drive IGBT to turn-off; If NO, execution step (1).
As shown in Figure 3, the method that in the specific embodiment of the invention, a plurality of IGBT short-circuit protections detect and protect, according to the threshold value V1 of short-circuit voltage arranging,, the mapping table of the threshold value K of multiple and each IGBT carries out short-circuit detecting and protection, step is:
(2.1) whether detection system starts working, and if NO, proceeds to execution step (2.2), if yes, proceeds to execution step (2.3);
(2.2) detect the magnitude of voltage at IGBT two ends, determine whether lower than default short-circuit voltage threshold value V1, if yes, be judged to be IGBT Damage by Short Circuit malfunction, send Fisrt fault state information, and send negative level driving pulse to IGBT, drive IGBT to turn-off; If NO, return to execution step (2.1);
(2.3) to IGBT, send positive level driving pulse, drive IGBT open-minded, IGBT starts working;
(2.4) detect the magnitude of voltage V at IGBT two ends, judge whether to be greater than default short-circuit voltage threshold value V1, if yes, be judged to be the inner open fault state of IGBT, send the second fault status information, and driving pulse is reduced to negative level, drive IGBT to turn-off, return to execution step (2.1); If NO, proceed to execution step (2.5);
(2.5) according to mapping table, calculate the multiple M of short-circuit voltage and short circuit current, judge whether to be greater than the multiple threshold value K of setting, if yes, be judged to be IGBT short trouble state and send the 3rd fault status information, driving pulse is reduced to negative level, drive IGBT to turn-off, return to execution step (2.1).
During work, first the operating state of detection system, judgement is in holding state or operating state, if under holding state, system IGBT receives negative pulse, and IGBT should be in off state, if the CE both end voltage V of IGBT detected lower than the short-circuit voltage threshold value V1 arranging, illustrate that now IGBT, in Damage by Short Circuit fault, in voltage breakdown type short trouble, sends Fisrt fault state information.If system is started working, and the CE both end voltage V that IGBT detected is greater than the short-circuit voltage threshold value V1 of setting, illustrates that IGBT inside opens a way, and occurs open fault, sends the second fault status information; If the CE both end voltage V of IGBT detected lower than the short-circuit voltage threshold value V1 arranging, first convert thereof into the multiple M of rated current, judge whether multiple M is greater than default multiple threshold value K, if be greater than default multiple threshold value K, judge that IGBT is in overcurrent type short trouble, and send the 3rd fault status information.
In the present embodiment, according to the fault status information of each IGBT, control the transmission of corresponding driving pulse, to protect IGBT not damaged.When the malfunction of IGBT is voltage breakdown type short trouble, while receiving Fisrt fault information, send negative level driving pulse, turn-off IGBT, system keeps holding state; When the malfunction of IGBT is open fault, while receiving the second fault message, driving pulse drops to negative level, turn-offs IGBT, and system is returned to holding state; When the malfunction of IGBT is during in overcurrent type short trouble, while receiving the 3rd fault status information, immediately driving pulse is dropped to negative level, drive and turn-off IGBT, IGBT closes the system of having no progeny and enters holding state.
The present invention is by detecting the short-circuit voltage at IGBT two ends and the short-circuit voltage of different IGBT and the malfunction that the corresponding relation between short circuit current judges respectively IGBT; and malfunction is carried out to accurate classification and process; comprise Damage by Short Circuit fault, open fault and short trouble; when breaking down, drive IGBT to turn-off; implementation method is simple, can realize efficiently, accurately short-circuit detecting and the defencive function of a plurality of IGBT.
In the present embodiment, output short circuit current and fault status information show with the form of wave file after carrying out IGBT short-circuit detecting, to obtain the short circuit current size of precise quantification, be convenient to ex-post analysis, when appearring in IGBT, short trouble can observe in time fault message, to carry out in time troubleshooting simultaneously; In actual applications, can short circuit threshold value be arranged and be revised according to IGBT real-time running state, use flexible, applied widely.
As shown in Figure 4,5; a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting of the present embodiment and protective device; comprise that a plurality of short-circuit detection protection modules 1, central authorities process transport module 2, human-computer interaction module 3, communication module 4, a plurality of power module 5; each short-circuit detection protection module 1, central authorities process transport module 2, human-computer interaction module 3 connects respectively a power module 5; each power module 5 input AC or DC power supply, offers the required power of modules.An IGBT of each short-circuit detection protection module 1 corresponding connection; IGBT is carried out to short-circuit detecting and protection; each short-circuit detection protection module 1 comprises driver element, short-circuit detection protection unit; wherein driver element is used for driving IGBT open-minded to corresponding IGBT transmission driving pulse; if driving pulse is positive level; drive IGBT open-minded, if driving pulse is negative level, drive IGBT to turn-off.Short-circuit detection protection unit is used for detecting in real time the magnitude of voltage at corresponding IGBT two ends, after opening, IGBT driving judges whether to be greater than default short-circuit voltage threshold value, if yes, be judged to be the inner open fault of IGBT and send result of determination, driving pulse is reduced to negative level, export to driver element, drive IGBT to turn-off; If NO, short-circuit voltage is converted to short-circuit current value and calculates short-circuit voltage and the target multiple of short circuit current, judge whether target multiple is greater than default multiple threshold value, if yes, be judged to be IGBT short trouble and send result of determination, driving pulse is reduced to negative level, export to driver element, drive IGBT to turn-off.
In the present embodiment, human-computer interaction module 3 is used for carrying out the setting of short circuit threshold value and result shows.Each short-circuit detection protection module 1 is processed transport module 2 by central authorities and is connected with human-computer interaction module 3, transmits the data between each short-circuit detection protection module 1 and human-computer interaction module 3.The data of human-computer interaction module 3 transfer to central authorities by communication module 4 and process in transport module 2 or receive the interim data that central authorities process transport module 2 outputs.
In the present embodiment, by human-computer interaction module 3, generate the mapping table of each IGBT short-circuit voltage value and short-circuit current value and store, short circuit threshold value is set, to each IGBT, sending corresponding driving pulse.Driver element receives driving pulse to drive IGBT, if driving pulse is positive level, drives IGBT open-minded, if driving pulse is negative level, drives IGBT to turn-off.Short-circuit detection protection module 1; detect the magnitude of voltage at each IGBT two ends; according to the malfunction of the mapping table judgement IGBT of short-circuit voltage value corresponding to short-circuit voltage threshold value, multiple threshold value and the IGBT of human-computer interaction module 3 outputs and short-circuit current value, output short circuit current value and malfunction result of determination to human-computer interaction module 3 shows.Short-circuit detection protection module 1 is controlled the transmission of corresponding driving pulse according to the malfunction of IGBT, when the malfunction of IGBT is short trouble, driving pulse is reduced to negative level, exports to driver element, drives IGBT to turn-off.
As shown in Figure 5; the interface of a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting of the present embodiment and protective device is connected; central authorities process transport module 2 and are connected with human-computer interaction module 3 with RS485 communication mode by communication module 4; with SPI master-slave communication mode and each short-circuit detection protection module 1, interconnect; a corresponding short-circuit detection protection module 1, the data between transmission human-computer interaction module 3 and each short-circuit detection protection module 1 of connecting of transmission single line.Central authorities process the data terminal of transport module 2, clock port SD0, SD1, SCLK respectively with the data terminal of each short-circuit detection protection module 1, clock port SD0, SD1, SCLK is connected, the CS end that CS end and the central authorities of each short-circuit detection protection module 1 process transport module 2 is connected, central authorities process the data receiver of transport module 2, send and enable interface RX, TX, the data receiver of EN485 and communication module 4, send and Enable Pin RX_485, TX_485, EN485 connects, the data receiver of human-computer interaction module 3, transmitting terminal RX, TX is connected with B-end with the digital received and sent end A+ of communication module 4.Each power module 5 input connects direct current ACorDC, and power output end VCC1+, VCC1-connect power input VCC1+ and the VCC1-of modules.
In the present embodiment; first by 3 pairs of short circuit threshold values of human-computer interaction module, arrange; comprise the multiple threshold value K that short-circuit voltage threshold value V1, short-circuit current value and short-circuit voltage value are set; and according to formula (1), generate the mapping table of each IGBT short-circuit voltage value and short-circuit current value; threshold value K together with short-circuit voltage threshold value V1, multiple sends to central authorities to process transport module 2 by communication module 4, and central authorities process transport module 2 is handed down to each corresponding short-circuit detection protection module 1 with SPI communication mode.
Before system is started working, by the voltage at short-circuit detecting unit inspection IGBT two ends, determine whether lower than the short-circuit voltage threshold value arranging, if yes, illustrate that Damage by Short Circuit has appearred in IGBT, by driver element, to IGBT, send negative level driving pulse, drive IGBT to turn-off; If NO; system is started working; by human-computer interaction module 3, in the mode of RS485, by communication module 4, different positive level driving pulse is transferred to central authorities and process transport module 2; by central authorities, process transport module 2 and send to corresponding short-circuit detection protection module 1 in the mode of single wire transmission, each short-circuit detection protection module 1 is open-minded under the driving of corresponding driving pulse.
Each short-circuit detection protection module 1 starts short-circuit detecting work, detect the magnitude of voltage at each IGBT two ends, according to the malfunction of the mapping table judgement current I GBT of short-circuit voltage value corresponding to short circuit threshold value, the IGBT of human-computer interaction module 3 outputs and short-circuit current value, if the CE both end voltage Vce that IGBT detected is greater than the short-circuit voltage threshold value V1 of setting, illustrate that IGBT inside opens a way, there is IGBT open fault, driving pulse is reduced to low level and export to drive unit drives IGBT and turn-off, IGBT is not damaged in protection; If the CE both end voltage Vce of IGBT detected lower than the short-circuit voltage threshold value V1 arranging; first short-circuit voltage value is converted to the target multiple of IGBT rated current according to mapping table; judge whether target multiple is greater than default multiple threshold value K; if be greater than multiple threshold value K; judge that IGBT is in short trouble; driving pulse is reduced to low level and export to drive unit drives IGBT and turn-off, IGBT is not damaged in protection.Short circuit current and malfunction result of determination are transferred to human-computer interaction module 3 with SPI communication mode by data transmission unit and with the form of wave file, show, to analyze judgement and system is afterwards revised upgrading.
As shown in Figure 6, the present invention central authorities in concrete Application Example process the circuit structure of transport module, wherein U10B is programmable logic chip, by RS485 mode, receive the data to human-computer interaction module 3, by data receiver and data sending terminal RX, TX connects, then be distributed to each corresponding short-circuit detection protection module 1, and be transferred to human-computer interaction module 3 after receiving the data of each short-circuit detection protection module 1, by data terminal SD0, SD1, SCLK, CS transmits, and by data terminal PWM end transmission driving pulse, in human-computer interaction module 3 and each short-circuit detection protection module 1, realize Data Collection and transfer function.Wherein, U10A-U10G is the various piece that central authorities process programmable logic chip U10, and U10A～U10C is data division, and U10F, U10G are working power part, and U10E is program burn writing part.G2 is crystal oscillator, operating frequency pulse CLK is provided to programmable logic chip chip U10, by the 7th diode D7, the 28 resistance R 28 and the 29 resistance R the 29, the 17 capacitor C 17, produces a reset pulse RST to programmable logic chip U10.XZ1 is burning program interface, for programmable logic chip U10, is connected with PC.Power supply chip U1 is for generation of a working power VCC, and for programmable logic chip chip, U10 provides working power.Central authorities process transport module 2 and adopt single line to each short-circuit detection protection module 1 transmission driving pulse; transmission speed is fast; central authorities process transport module 2 and adopt SPI master-slave communication mode to communicate with 1 of each short-circuit detection protection module; the thresholding of human-computer interaction module 3 is arranged to transfer of data to each short-circuit detection protection module 1 and receives the data that each short-circuit detection protection module 1 is exported, and its transmission information amount is large.
In the present embodiment, short-circuit detection protection unit comprises that the short-circuit voltage connecting successively gathers subelement, short circuit current is processed subelement and testing result output subelement.Short-circuit voltage gathers the voltage that subelement gathers IGBT two ends, export to short circuit current and process subelement, the short-circuit voltage that short circuit current processing subelement obtains detection is converted to short circuit current, calculates the target multiple of short-circuit current value and short-circuit voltage value, according to the malfunction of default short-circuit voltage threshold value and multiple threshold value judgement IGBT, by testing result output subelement output short circuit current value and malfunction result of determination.
As shown in Figure 7, the present invention is a short-circuit detection protection modular circuit structure in concrete Application Example, short-circuit voltage Acquisition Circuit adopts high-speed AD sampling A/D chip, short circuit current treatment circuit adopts programmable logic chip, testing result output circuit adopts optocoupler U5, driver element adopts high speed photo coupling U15, adopt programmable logic chip U2 short-circuit voltage is converted to short circuit current and calculates short circuit current and the multiple of short-circuit voltage simultaneously, according to the malfunction of default short-circuit voltage threshold value and multiple threshold value judgement IGBT, and control the transmission of IGBT driving pulse, realize the short-circuit protection of IGBT.Wherein Q1 is IGBT, U2 is programmable logic chip, U2A-U2G is the various piece of chip, by central authorities, process programmable chip U1 power supply is carried out to linear voltage stabilization, sampled signal exports programmable logic chip U2 to after operational amplifier U3, high-speed AD sampling A/D chip U4 process, through optocoupler U5, export central authorities to and process transport module 2, high speed photo coupling U15 reception driving pulse PWM exports programmable logic chip U2 to and processes rear output driving IGBT.The working power ground GN1 of programmable logic chip U2 is directly extremely connected with the E of IGBT, and the C utmost point of IGBT is linked major loop (during real work voltage from 380V to 10000V not etc.).Short circuit threshold value is arranged by human-computer interaction module 3; transfer to again in programmable logic chip U2; after fault being detected, process immediately protection; real-time is high, then by SPI communication mode, data is passed to central authorities and processes transmission chip U1, and data transmission interface is CS, SCLK, SD0 and SD1; transmitting data information amount is large; reflection IGBT malfunction, and short circuit threshold value comprehensively can be revised at any time, can adapt to different types of IGBT.The power supply of each short-circuit detection protection module 1 is provided by power module 5; comprise negative and positive dual power VCC1+ and VCC1-; wherein by negative and positive dual power VCC1+ and VCC1, to IGBT driving pulse and operational amplifier U3, provide working power, positive supply VCC1+ obtains power supply VCC2+ and offers programmable logic chip U2 and ultra high speed A/D conversion chip U4 after processing by linear voltage stabilization chip U1.
In the present embodiment, the programmable logic chip U2 for short-circuit detecting and short-circuit protection is placed on to high tension loop side, directly IGBT is carried out to short-circuit detecting and protection, its real-time is high.The power work ground part U2G pin of programmable logic chip U2 is extremely connected with the E of IGBT Q1, be with ground GND1 and be connected, programmable logic chip U2 pin label is the pin work of IOZ1 and IOZ9, there is clear and definite level signal, wherein minimum level is GND1, maximum level is VCC2+, and in chip, there is no the pin that uses, for example label IO1 is connected with ground GND1 by resistance (resistance that label is R12-R37) to the pin of IO23, also there is clear and definite level GND1, thereby guaranteed that each pin is not damaged.In work pin, the pin of label IOZ1-IOZ9 and power pins, by electric capacity (label is that C9 is to the electric capacity of C22) ground connection, can suppress the interference of major loop power network fluctuation to power supply and working signal.
During work, gather the CE both end voltage Vce of IGBT, by amplifier amplifier U3, process and enter in high speed 12 bit AD sample chip U4, after AD conversion, transfer of data is to programmable logic chip U2, programmable logic chip U2 is after judgement, control the transmission of driving pulse, while there is short trouble, driving pulse is reduced to negative level, drive IGBT to turn-off; By SPI communication mode, IGBT malfunction result of determination is passed to central authorities by optocoupler U5 and process transport module 2, by SPI order wire, receive the data message of processing transport module 2 to central authorities simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 8; a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting of the present invention and protective device be structural principle in concrete Application Example; adopt prime to detect protection programmable chip IGBT is carried out to short-circuit detecting and protection; by central authorities, process programmable chip transmission data; prime detection protects programmable chip and U1 and central authorities' processing programmable chip to isolate by light or magnetic is isolated; the emitter C level of IGBT connects main circuit voltage, is 380～10000V voltage in practical application.
The present invention adopts programmable logic chip to complete short-circuit detecting and defencive function; easy to use with expansion; during simultaneously for hyperbaric environment; the programmable logic chip that detects protection module is placed on to high pressure major loop side; its power supply end is connected with the emitting stage E end of IGBT or is connected with the emitting stage E end of IGBT by a resistance; without isolating; directly accurately detect and real-time guard; break through traditional programmable chip and can only be operated in environment under low pressure, can not be operated in the constraint of hyperbaric environment.
As shown in Figure 9, the circuit structure of power module in the present embodiment, adopt inverse-excitation type switch power-supply, rectifier diode D110～D113 converts the alternating current of input or direct current to direct current, by resistance R 101 and voltage stabilizing didoe D106, export to power supply adjustment chip U100 power supply is provided, power drives chip U100 control switch pipe Q1 switch, former limit at transformer T1 forms a potential pulse, potential pulse is transferred to secondary by transformer T1, by secondary, pass through diode D102, capacitor C 101 produces a positive voltage, by diode D103, capacitor C 102 produces a negative voltage.
As shown in figure 10, the circuit structure of communication unit in the present embodiment.Telecommunication circuit adopts the RS485 communication chip U2(ADM2483 of band isolation) communicate, D1 and D2, for disturbing twin zener dioder, suppress the interference in communication process.
As shown in figure 11; human-computer interaction module circuit interface in the present embodiment; human-computer interaction module 3 is processed with central authorities the RS485 isolating chip that transport module 2 is U2 by label and is connected; human-computer interaction module 3 is passed to central authorities data and is processed transport module 2, and central authorities' processing transport module 2 is passed to human-computer interaction module 3 the data that receive each short-circuit detection protection module 1 and shown.
Above-mentioned is preferred embodiment of the present invention, not the present invention is done to any pro forma restriction.Although the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment, yet not in order to limit the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, in the situation that not departing from technical solution of the present invention scope, can utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to make many possible changes and modification to technical solution of the present invention, or be revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content that does not depart from technical solution of the present invention,, all should drop in the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent variations and modification according to the technology of the present invention essence.
Claims (9)
1. a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and a guard method, is characterized in that, step is:
(1), to the lasting transmission positive level driving pulse of each IGBT, IGBT receives driving pulse and drives IGBT open-minded;
(2) detect in real time the magnitude of voltage at each IGBT two ends, judge whether to be greater than default short-circuit voltage threshold value, if yes, be judged to be the inner open fault of IGBT and send result of determination, proceed to execution step (4); If NO, proceed to execution step (3);
(3) short-circuit voltage detection being obtained is converted to short-circuit current value and calculates short-circuit voltage and the target multiple of short circuit current, judge whether target multiple is greater than default multiple threshold value, if yes, be judged to be IGBT short trouble and send result of determination, proceeding to execution step (4); If NO, return to execution step (2);
(4) driving pulse is reduced to negative level, drive IGBT to turn-off.
2. a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting according to claim 1 and guard method, it is characterized in that, the method that the short-circuit voltage in described step (3), detection being obtained is converted to short-circuit current value is: the curve table of the short-circuit voltage value of IGBT and short-circuit current value is divided into a plurality of segments, the corresponding relation that obtains according to the following formula each section of curve short-circuit voltage value and short-circuit current value, short-circuit voltage detection being obtained according to corresponding relation is converted to short-circuit current value;
Y
n=K
nX(X
n≤X≤X
n+1)
Wherein, Y
nbe the short-circuit current value of n section, the short-circuit voltage value that X is n section, K
nit is the multiple relation of n section short-circuit voltage and short circuit current.
3. a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting according to claim 2 and guard method, is characterized in that, the curve table of the short-circuit voltage value of IGBT and short-circuit current value is divided into 10 segments.
4. according to a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and guard method described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, also comprise the IGBT Damage by Short Circuit determination flow that step (1) is front, concrete methods of realizing is: the voltage that detects IGBT two ends, determine whether lower than the short-circuit voltage threshold value arranging, if yes, be judged to be IGBT Damage by Short Circuit fault and send result of determination, to IGBT, send negative level driving pulse, drive IGBT to turn-off; If NO, execution step (1).
5. a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and a protective device, is characterized in that: comprise a plurality of short-circuit detection protection modules (1), described in each, short-circuit detection protection module (1) comprises driver element, short-circuit detection protection unit; Described in each, driver element drives IGBT open-minded to the lasting transmission positive level driving pulse of corresponding IGBT, described in each, short-circuit detection protection unit detects the magnitude of voltage at corresponding IGBT two ends in real time, judge whether to be greater than default short-circuit voltage threshold value, if yes, be judged to be the inner open fault of IGBT and send result of determination, positive level driving pulse is reduced to negative level, export to driver element, drive IGBT to turn-off; If NO; short-circuit voltage is converted to short-circuit current value and calculates short-circuit voltage and the target multiple of short circuit current; judge whether target multiple is greater than default multiple threshold value; if yes, be judged to be IGBT short trouble and send result of determination, positive level driving pulse is reduced to negative level; export to driver element; drive IGBT to turn-off, if NO, continue to carry out short-circuit detection protection unit.
6. a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting according to claim 5 and protective device, is characterized in that, described short-circuit detection protection unit comprises that the short-circuit voltage connecting successively gathers subelement, short circuit current is processed subelement and testing result output subelement; Described short-circuit voltage gathers the voltage that subelement gathers IGBT two ends, export to short circuit current and process subelement, the short-circuit voltage that described short circuit current processing subelement obtains detection is converted to short circuit current, calculates the target multiple of short-circuit current value and short-circuit voltage value, according to the malfunction of default short-circuit voltage threshold value and multiple threshold value judgement IGBT, by testing result output subelement output short circuit current value and malfunction result of determination.
7. a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting according to claim 5 and protective device, is characterized in that, described short circuit current is processed subelement and comprised amplifier, ultra high speed A/D conversion chip and the programmable logic chip connecting successively; Described programmable logic chip is for short-circuit voltage being converted to short circuit current and calculating short circuit current and the multiple of short-circuit voltage, according to the malfunction of default short-circuit voltage threshold value and multiple threshold value judgement IGBT.
8. a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting according to claim 7 and protective device, is characterized in that, the power supply end of described programmable logic chip is connected or is extremely connected with the emitting stage E of IGBT by a resistance with the emitting stage E end of IGBT.
9. according to a plurality of IGBT short-circuit detecting and protective device described in claim 6 or 7 or 8, it is characterized in that, also comprise the human-computer interaction module (3) being connected with each short-circuit detection protection module (1), described human-computer interaction module (3) comprises parameter set unit and shows touch control unit; Described parameter set unit, is used for generating the mapping table of each IGBT short-circuit voltage value and short-circuit current value, and short-circuit voltage threshold value and multiple threshold value are set; Described demonstration touch control unit, is used for receiving the malfunction result of determination of short-circuit detection protection module (1) output and showing.
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