A kind of self-boosting type magnetic flow liquid braking device carrying out Brake energy recovery
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of automobile-used braking device, particularly about a kind of self-boosting type magnetic flow liquid braking device carrying out Brake energy recovery.
Background technique
Magnetic flow liquid is a kind of novel intellectual material, and it is dispersed in by high magnetic permeability, low hysteresis sub-micron metallic soft magnetic granules the stable suspersion liquid system formed in non-magnetic base fluid by surface active agent.Under zero magnetic field conditions, viscosity is very low, shows as free flowable Newtonian fluid; Under additional magnetic fields, the Bingham fluid of high viscosity, difficult flowing can be changed within the millisecond magnitude time, and this change is continuous print, instantaneous, reversible.Meanwhile, the size of the shearing stress of magnetic flow liquid and applied field strengths (or electric current) has stable corresponding relation, is easy to control.Based on these good characteristics of magnetic flow liquid, it has been widely used in the fields such as military affairs, automobile, building, biological apparatus.Magneto-rheologic liquid brake is an important branch of magnetic flow liquid application.Wherein, the size of braking moment weighs an important indicator of magneto-rheologic liquid brake braking ability and Applicable scope.Therefore, the braking moment how improving magneto-rheologic liquid brake is also an important research direction in this field at present.
At present, the measure improving braking moment mainly can be divided into two classes: 1) improve braking moment by adopting polydisc structure or changing brake disc shape.A lot of correlative study at present adds the quantity of brake disc, i.e. double plate or multi-disc type magneto-rheologic liquid brake, double plate or polydisc structure can effectively increase magnetic flow liquid work area, realize the increase of braking moment.In addition, adopting rotor to be that the magneto-rheologic liquid brake of blade wheel structure also can improve braking moment, now whether rotating together with wheel axle by controlling rotor with the cooperation of clutch, the resistance that when avoiding zero magnetic field, impeller and magnetic flow liquid relative movement produce.Also have the method adopting electromagnetic clutch mechanism and planet gear speeder structure braking moment to be amplified, change braking moment size by the speed increasing ratio changing planetary speed increaser structure.2) braking moment is increased by the magnetic flow liquid of extruding solidification during braking.According to the characteristic that magnetic flow liquid its shear yield stress when pressurized can effectively increase, some researchs by increasing radial or axial pressurizing device on magneto-rheologic liquid brake, when braking, radial direction or axial pressure are carried out to magnetic flow liquid, improve Shear Yield Stress of Magnetorheological Fluids, and then improve braking moment.But all there is certain deficiency in the method that above-mentioned two classes increase magneto-rheologic liquid brake braking moment.Though the former effectively can increase braking moment by increasing brake disc quantity or changing brake disc structure, but also substantially increase the complexity of brake structural simultaneously, processing and assembling difficulty large, and requiring higher to cooling system, heat dispersion is not good has considerable influence by the service behaviour of magnetic flow liquid; The latter can improve braking moment to a certain extent by extruding magnetic flow liquid, but the corresponding relation complexity between the size of extruding force and braking moment size, add the control difficulty of break.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of structure and assemble simple, and while effectively improving braking moment, can reclaim braking energy, reduce the self-boosting type magnetic flow liquid braking device of the carried out Brake energy recovery of energy consumption.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technological scheme: a kind of self-boosting type magnetic flow liquid braking device carrying out Brake energy recovery, it is characterized in that: it comprises one and is fastenedly connected the driving gear on wheel axle, one is fastenedly connected the brake disc on described wheel axle, one is fastenedly connected the driven gear engaged on driven shaft and with described driving gear, one is rotationally connected the motor of described driven shaft one end by coupling, one magnetorheological device being rotatably connected on the described driven shaft the other end, one is connected to the return spring between spring pedestal on car body and the housing of described magnetorheological device, the one wherein connecting rod of one end ball-joint on the housing of described magnetorheological device, and one ball-joint at the wedge shape self energizing effort device of the described connecting rod the other end, wherein, described magnetorheological device comprises a closed shell, has a circular trough in described closed shell, is provided with a shearing disk in described circular trough, is fastenedly connected after described driven shaft runs through described closed shell with described shearing disk, also magnetic flow liquid is marked with in described circular trough, the periphery of described circular trough is provided with a circular coil, described wedge shape self energizing effort device comprises a mobile voussoir be connected with described connecting rod, and the side that described mobile voussoir is adjacent with described brake disc is connected with a brake lining, the opposite side of described mobile voussoir is match with its wedge surface and be fixed on the fixing voussoir on car body, and the wedge surface of described fixing voussoir rotates and arranges some rollers, described roller contacts with the wedge surface of described mobile voussoir.
The closed shell of described magnetorheological device comprises the first magnetorheological housing, second magnetorheological housing and end cap, described first magnetorheological housing is circle bathtub construction, its inside has the annular boss be wholely set, described first magnetorheological enclosure interior space is divided into a circular trough and a circular groove by described annular boss, described coil is arranged in the circular groove of described first magnetorheological housing, the interior also key of circular trough that described shearing disk is arranged on described first magnetorheological housing is connected on described driven shaft, and described shearing disk carries out axially locating by the positioning boss of described driven shaft and back-up ring, described second magnetorheological housing is connected on the described driven shaft of described first magnetorheological housing open-mouth end side by a deep groove ball bearing, and the matching form of the shape of described second magnetorheological housing and described first magnetorheological housing closes, the screw fastening that described second magnetorheological housing and described first magnetorheological housing are arranged by some circumferences links into an integrated entity, described end cap is set on the described driven shaft of described second magnetorheological housing, and the screw fastening that described end cap and the second magnetorheological housing are arranged by some circumferences links into an integrated entity.
Described annular boss all offers an annular groove with described end cap inwall, in annular groove described in two, is provided with O RunddichtringO.
Described motor is flat electric machine.
Described first magnetorheological housing offers with on one of second magnetorheological housing the oil inlet hole and oil outlet that are communicated with its interior sealed chamber containing.
The present invention is owing to taking above technological scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention adopts single disc-type magnetorheological device to combine with wedge shape self energizing effort device, and be mechanically connected by connecting rod between magnetorheological device and wedge shape self energizing effort device, transmission efficiency is high and easily realize accurately controlling.Wedge shape self energizing effort device adopts the mobile voussoir side of wedge-shaped structure to connect brake lining, and opposite side is the fixing voussoir be fixed on car body matched with its wedge surface, and being rolled by roller is between the two connected.When in braking process, magnetorheological device promotes connecting rod when impelling mobile wedge block movement in wedge shape self energizing effort device, fixing voussoir transmits reaction force to mobile voussoir by roller, the brake lining that is connected with mobile voussoir is increased the Input Forces that mobile voussoir compared with the impacting force of brake disc is subject to connecting rod place, braking moment effectively improves, and structure of the present invention is simple, installation, convenient disassembly, and single disc-type structure good heat dispersion performance.2, the present invention is connected with motor on the driven shaft at magnetorheological device place, can reclaim braking energy when braking, and the electric energy of recovery can be used for the required electric energy of automobile-used current consuming apparatus (such as car light, music etc.).Motor, without the need to coaxially arranged with wheel axle, as long as increase driving gear and driven gear just can realize between wheel axle and driven shaft, adopts this kind of arrangement simplified structure, effective energy efficient.In addition, by regulating the load of motor and the size of coil electricity electric current, the coupling that can also realize regenerative braking and mechanical braking controls.The present invention can be widely used in field of automobile brake.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention
Fig. 2 is magnetorheological device structural representation of the present invention
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes driving gear 1, brake disc 2, driven gear 3, driven shaft 4, motor 5, magnetorheological device 6, return spring 7, connecting rod 8 and wedge shape self energizing effort device 9.
Driving gear 1 and brake disc 2 successively key are connected on wheel axle 10, and driving gear 1 mesh key is connected to the driven gear 3 on driven shaft 4.One end of driven shaft 4 is rotationally connected motor 5 by coupling 11, and the other end is rotationally connected magnetorheological device 6.One end of return spring 7 is connected on the housing of magnetorheological device 6, and the other end is fastened on the spring pedestal 12 on car body.One end of connecting rod 8 also ball-joint on the housing of magnetorheological device 6, the other end ball-joint wedge shape self energizing effort device 9.Wedge shape self energizing effort device 9 comprises a mobile voussoir 91 be connected with connecting rod 8, and the side that mobile voussoir 91 is adjacent with brake disc 2 is connected with a brake lining 92.The opposite side of mobile voussoir 91 is match with its wedge surface and be fixed on the fixing voussoir 93 on car body, and the wedge surface of fixing voussoir 93 has a groove, and rotate in groove and arrange some rollers 94, roller 94 contacts with the wedge surface of mobile voussoir 91.
In above-described embodiment, motor 5 is flat electric machine.
As shown in Figure 2, magnetorheological device 6 comprises the first magnetorheological housing 61, coil 62, shearing disk 63, the magnetorheological housing 65 of deep groove ball bearing 64, second, end cap 66 and magnetic flow liquid 67.
First magnetorheological housing 61 is circle bathtub construction, its inside has the annular boss be wholely set, first magnetorheological housing 61 inner space is divided into a circular trough and a circular groove by this annular boss, and annular boss also offers an annular groove, this annular groove is embedded in an O RunddichtringO 13.Coil 62 is arranged in the circular groove of the first magnetorheological housing 61, the interior also key of circular trough that shearing disk 63 is arranged on the first magnetorheological housing 61 is connected on driven shaft 4, and the driven shaft 4 of shearing disk 63 both sides is respectively arranged with a positioning boss and a back-up ring 14, to carry out axially locating to shearing disk 63.Second magnetorheological housing 65 is connected on the driven shaft 4 of annular boss opposite side by deep groove ball bearing 64, and the matching form of the shape of the second magnetorheological housing 65 and the first magnetorheological housing 61 closes, the screw fastening that the second magnetorheological housing 65 and the first magnetorheological housing 61 are arranged by some circumferences links into an integrated entity.End cap 66 is set on the driven shaft 4 of the second magnetorheological housing 65, and the screw fastening that end cap 66 and the second magnetorheological housing 65 are arranged by some circumferences links into an integrated entity.End cap 66 inwall has an annular groove, and annular groove is embedded in an O RunddichtringO 15.Magnetic flow liquid 67 is arranged in the sealed chamber of the first magnetorheological housing 65 of magnetorheological housing 61, second and end cap 66 formation.O RunddichtringO 13 and O RunddichtringO 15 are all for preventing the magnetic flow liquid 67 in the confined space of the first magnetorheological housing 65 of magnetorheological housing 61, second and end cap 66 formation from flowing out.
In above-described embodiment, the magnetorheological housing 65 of first magnetorheological housing 61 or the second offers the oil inlet hole and oil outlet (not shown) that are communicated with its interior sealed chamber containing, magnetic flow liquid 67 can add from oil inlet hole or oil outlet or flow out sealed chamber, and magnetic flow liquid 67 seals oil inlet hole after filling it up with cavity.
Rotate counterclockwise for wheel axle 10 below and working principle of the present invention be described:
Vehicle is when normally travelling, and coil 62 does not charge, and therefore magnetic flow liquid 67 shows Newtonian fluid, and the brake lining 92 in wedge shape self energizing effort device 9 does not contact brake disc 2.The driving gear 1 that wheel axle 10 rotation drive is set on it and brake disc 2 rotate counterclockwise, driving gear 1 rotates and drives the driven gear 3 of engagement to rotate, and driven gear 3 drives the shearing disk 63 in coupling 11, motor 5 and magnetorheological device 6 synchronously to rotate clockwise.Now, the resistance of magnetic flow liquid 67 pairs of shearing disks 63 is only the very little resistance that Liquid Viscous causes, and therefore can ignore the drag effects of rotating shearing disk 63.
When vehicle needs to brake (driver pushes down on the pedal and brakes), the electric current by coil 62 is controlled according to required braking moment size, coil 62 produces magnetic field makes magnetic flow liquid 67 umklappen be class solid, drives magnetorheological device 6 to rotate clockwise together with driven shaft 4.Now, the connecting rod 8 be arranged on magnetorheological device 6 shell promotes mobile voussoir 91 and rotates clockwise, and mobile voussoir 91 is wedge-shaped structure, therefore when receiving the reaction force from fixing voussoir 93 transmitted by roller 94, the impacting force of brake lining 92 pairs of brake discs 2 compares the Input Forces increase that mobile voussoir 91 is subject to connecting rod 8 place, braking moment is improved, and drives the brake lining 92 be connected with mobile voussoir 91 to compress brake disc 2 and realizes braking.Wherein, roller 94 can effectively reduce in braking process the frictional force of fixing between voussoir 93 and mobile voussoir 91.In braking process, motor 5 pairs of Brake energy recovery, the electric energy of recovery can be used for electric energy needed for automobile-used current consuming apparatus.In addition, by the size of electrical current on regulating winding 62, accurately can control the moment of rotation that magnetorheological device 6 rotates along with driven shaft 4 by magnetic flow liquid 67, and then control the braking force size of wedge shape self energizing effort device 9 on brake disc 2 being connected magnetorheological device 6 by connecting rod 8.In addition, by regulating the load of motor 5 and the size of coil 62 electrical current, the coupling that can also realize regenerative braking and mechanical braking controls.
When vehicle transfers in the normal process travelled, coil 62 power-off, magnetic flow liquid 67 umklappen is the Newtonian fluid of low viscosity, high fluidity.Rotate counterclockwise under the effect of the return spring 7 that magnetorheological device 6 is arranged on its housing, and then drivening rod 8 pulls mobile voussoir 91 to rotate counterclockwise.Because return spring 7 pretightening force adopted is less, therefore negligible on the impact of braking moment size in braking process.
The various embodiments described above are only for illustration of the present invention; wherein the structure of each parts, Placement and preparation process etc. all can change to some extent; every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.